JPH10239161A - Method and system for simulating thermal environment of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a comfortable building inexpensively for the public by configuring a system for simulating the thermal environment of building accurately and easily, thereby saving the man power required for design and shortening the design period. SOLUTION: The simulation system is provided with means 2a or 2b for inputting a design data of a simulation object, i.e., a building, and other commands, means for storing the characteristic data of members constructing the building, means for calculating the total thermal load, the maximum thermal load and the temperature/humidity variation for a specified interval of the building along with the heat loss sunshine acquisition coefficient based on the design data and the characteristic data of members, means 3 for displaying the calculation results from respective calculation means in the form of image, and a printer 4 printing the calculation results. The simulation system is further provided with a material characteristics memory means 12f, an input data memory means 2g and a calculation results memory means 12h for facilitating the work.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for quantifying the thermal environment in a building and a building room on the scale of heat load and dynamically simulating the performance. Here, the term "thermal environment" broadly refers to the indoor environment centered on "air" in terms of livability and safety, such as cleanliness and comfort, of indoor air in a building. Calculate the heat in the indoor space of the building as energy and convert the various states in which the heat represented by temperature and humidity acts inside the building from the viewpoint of obtaining and losing the heat. Point. The present invention relates to the latter, and in the present specification, the term "thermal environment" will be used in the meaning of the latter. Further, the calculation processing of each thermal environment with a specific purpose mainly using “thermal” energy is called “simulation”, and the calculation processing is called “simulation”.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Factors that cause fluctuations in the thermal environment in a building or a building room include the following. First, weather conditions, which are external conditions, second, the presence of heat generation in the room, third, forced control of the indoor thermal environment by air-conditioning equipment, etc., fourth, construction, including the structure of the building itself Fifth, the environment, location and other conditions surrounding the target building. Conventionally, systems for analyzing the effects of these factors on buildings and building rooms have been used for various purposes.

[0003] For example, there is a simulation for the purpose of air conditioning planning including cooling and heating, and this will be the largest for assembling a cooling and heating system, assuming the hottest day and the coldest day throughout the year (cooling). To calculate the amount of heat released (at the time) and the amount of heat supplied (at the time of heating)
That is, the purpose is to calculate the maximum heat load for the air conditioning design.

In recent years, simulations for energy saving planning have been performed, and an energy saving index of a building represented by an annual heat load coefficient (PAL) has been generally used. In addition, standard values for heat loss coefficient and solar radiation acquisition coefficient are set as evaluation indexes for energy saving performance of houses based on the “New Energy Conservation Standard for Houses” notified by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry and the Ministry of Construction. Has been performed. In other words, they are intended to calculate the periodical heat load, heat loss coefficient, and solar radiation acquisition coefficient for confirming the energy saving performance of the building.

On the other hand, more specialized thermal environment simulations are also diversified. For example, visualization and animation of the temperature distribution and heat flow in a room through CG (computer graphics) are represented by simulations as virtual space simulation experiments. It is intended for full-scale simulation experiments.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned thermal environment simulation systems are all constructed for a single specific purpose, and the results obtained therefrom are individual, so that one simulation result and another Simulation results may conflict, and they cannot be easily compared, making it difficult to make a comprehensive judgment. Further, in these thermal environment simulation systems, it is necessary to input the material characteristics of the building and the members constituting the building room to the terminal one by one. Further, since the member is constituted by a combination of various materials,
It is not possible to simulate accurately unless the material properties are taken into consideration and the area, thickness, etc. of the material are comprehensively considered.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a thermal environment simulation of a building, the characteristics of the members constituting the building and the interior of the building are taken as a set of characteristics of the materials constituting the rooms. Catch and store these member properties and material properties as a database, and further utilize these as appropriate to display the results processed by multiple processing means on the screen or print out, and to give humans various evaluation criteria. And make it possible to make accurate and comprehensive judgments easily, thereby saving design labor and shortening the design period, and eventually providing cheap and comfortable buildings to the public. The purpose of the present invention is to construct a thermal environment simulation system for a building.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a thermal environment simulation system for a building according to the present invention includes input means for inputting design data relating to a building to be simulated, and input means for the input means. A designated period total heat load calculating means for calculating a designated period total heat load of the building based on the input design data; and a designated period maximum heat load for calculating the designated period maximum heat load of the building based on the design data. Load calculation means, based on the design data, a designated period temperature-humidity change calculating means for calculating a designated period temperature-humidity change of the building, based on the design data,
It is characterized by comprising heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculating means for calculating the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient of the building, and display means for displaying the calculation results obtained by these calculating means as an image. That is, the above-mentioned four calculation means are provided, and various judgment indices are provided in a thermal environment simulation of a building.

Further, by further providing a printer for printing the calculation results, it is possible to save the simulation results as a document, and to simultaneously compare a plurality of calculation results.

[0010] Still further, there is further provided a storage means for storing member characteristic data of members constituting the building to be simulated, and based on the member characteristic data stored in the storage means and the design data, the specified period is specified. If each calculation is performed in the total heat load calculation means, the specified period maximum heat load calculation means, the specified period temperature / humidity change calculation means, and the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculation means, there is no need to input member characteristic data one by one. .

Here, the storage means includes a material property storage means for storing material property data of the building material, and a building material as an aggregate of building materials calculated based on the material property data stored in the material property storage means. And a member property storage unit for storing member property data of an object constituent member, even when one material of a member composed of a set of dissimilar materials is changed, a new member is easily stored in the member property storage unit. Characteristic data can be stored.

If the storage means further comprises input data storage means for storing the input design data, after determining the result of the calculation once completed, the storage means corrects a part of the input design data. Calculation can be easily performed again. It is also possible to read out the design data used in the past and to perform a simulation for a building different from the past.

Further, the storage means stores each calculation result in the total heat load calculation means for the designated period, the maximum heat load calculation means for the designated period, the temperature / humidity change calculation means for the designated period, and the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculation means. If the calculation result storage means is further provided, any calculation result can be compared later even if the past calculation result is not printed out by the printer.

In the method for simulating the thermal environment of a building according to the present invention, an input step of inputting design data relating to a building to be simulated, and the design data input in the input step and stored in the storage means. Based on the member characteristic data, a calculation process of calculating one of the specified period total heat load, the specified period maximum heat load, the specified period temperature / humidity change, the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient, based on the member characteristic data, Displaying the obtained calculation result as an image.

Further, a medium in which a program for performing a simulation of a thermal environment of a building according to the present invention is recorded is stored in a computer based on design data input to the input means and member characteristic data stored in the storage means. ,
Total heat load for the specified period of the building to be simulated,
A calculation procedure for calculating any one of the maximum heat load for the designated period, temperature / humidity change for the designated period, heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient, and a display procedure for displaying a calculation result obtained from this calculation procedure as an image are executed. It is characterized by the following.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description,
The same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a building thermal environment simulation apparatus according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, when the apparatus is configured using a general-purpose machine, a computer main body 1, a keyboard 2a and a mouse 2b as input means, and a display 3 as display means are provided.
And a printer 4. The control unit 10 of the apparatus for simulating the thermal environment of a building according to the present invention is built in the computer body 1.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control unit 10 built in the computer main body 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a control unit 10 includes a CPU 11 that controls the entire thermal environment simulation apparatus, and a storage device 1 that is a main part of the present invention and stores various data.
2 and RAM 13 which is a working area of the control unit 10
And a display control unit 14 that generates an image to be displayed on a display, and are connected to each other via a bus. The storage device 12 also stores a total heat load for a specified period, a maximum heat load for a specified period, a change in temperature and humidity for a specified period, and a calculation formula for calculating a heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient.
a, designated period maximum heat load calculating means 12b, designated period temperature / humidity change calculating means 12c, heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient 12d
A member property storage means 12e for storing member property data and material property data, a material property storage means 12f; an input data storage means 12g for storing input data and calculation results;
And a calculation result storage means 12h. Further control unit 1
0, a display 3 for displaying an image generated by the display control unit 14, a keyboard 2a and a mouse 2b for inputting design data and other commands,
A printer 4 for printing the calculation results is connected.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for simulating the thermal environment of a building according to the present invention by configuring the apparatus in this manner. First, it is confirmed whether or not the member property data of the members constituting the building to be simulated is stored in the member property storage means 12e in the storage device 12 (step 100). There are various types of members constituting the building, and if member characteristic data relating to frequently used members are registered in a pattern code and registered in advance, the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b will be used from next time. There is no need to enter from the beginning.

The material property storage means 1 in the storage device 12
Since 2f stores the material property data of the materials used for the building, the following operation is performed. A member constituting a building is, more specifically, an aggregate of various materials. When one of the materials constituting the member is replaced with one registered member characteristic data, it is necessary to recreate the member characteristic data from the beginning, but the material characteristic data of the material is stored in the storage device 12 in advance. Is registered in the material property storage means 12f, and the member property data is created and stored as a set of the material property data, the member in which one of the materials is easily replaced even in such a case. Characteristic data can be created.

For example, it is assumed that a gypsum board forming a unit length boundary wall shown in FIG. 4A is changed to a structural plywood as shown in FIG. 4B. If there is no material property storage means 12f, the dimensions and various properties of the member shown in (b) are input from the beginning with the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b, and the member shown in (b) is newly registered in the member property storage means 12e. There must be. However, the association between the material property storage means 12f and the member property storage means 12e only changes the material property data of the gypsum board in the material property storage means 12f to the material property data of the structural plywood registered in advance. The new (b)
Can be registered in the member characteristic storage unit 12e.

Further, when glass wool as a heat insulating material is added to a boundary wall having a unit length as shown in FIG. 7A as shown in FIG. Only by adding the material property data and dimensions of the member property data to the member property data of (a) registered in the member property storage means 12e in advance, a new (c) is obtained.
Can be registered in the member characteristic storage unit 12e.

As described above, by linking the material property storage means 12f and the member property storage means 12e, the registered material property data is used to add / delete / replace a material in a specific member, change dimensions, and change grades. Thus, it is easy to create member characteristic data corresponding to various cases such as the above, and as a result, it becomes easy to specify a simulation target. Of course, the addition, deletion, replacement, etc. of the material property data in the material property storage means 12f can be changed by the keyboard 2
a or by manual input from the mouse 2b.

Next, if it is determined in step 100 that the member characteristic data of the members constituting the building to be simulated is stored in the member characteristic storage means 12e of the storage device 12, the member characteristic data is stored. A selection is input from the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b (step 121). Further, in step 100, the member characteristic data of the members constituting the building to be simulated is
If it is determined that the member characteristic data is not stored in the member characteristic storage unit 12e of the storage device 12, it is checked whether or not the member characteristic data of the similar member of the member is stored in the member characteristic storage unit 12e of the storage device 12 ( Step 110).

If it is determined in step 110 that the member property data of the similar member is stored in the member property storage means 12e of the storage device 12, the registered material property data is used. , Create the member data
It is stored (step 111), and the member characteristic data is selectively input from the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b (step 121). If the member characteristic data of the similar member is not stored in the member characteristic storage unit 12e of the storage device 12 in the step 110, the member characteristic data is manually input from the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b (step 110). 120).

After the input of the member property data is completed through step 120 or step 121, the design data (excluding the member property data) of the target building is next obtained.
Is manually input (step 130).

Here, the design data is, as described above, the following factors as fluctuation factors of the thermal environment in the building and the building room. (1) Weather conditions that are external conditions. Specifically, it is weather data such as temperature and humidity for one year at the construction point of the target building and solar radiation. As this weather data, standard weather data of 25 areas of the Society of Air Conditioning and Sanitary Engineers is generally used. However, the present invention is not limited to this and covers a wider range, such as recent global warming and urban areas. New Japan Meteorological Agency's nationwide annual observation data, etc., reflecting the heat island phenomena in Japan can also be used. (2) Presence of heat generation in the room. That is, the setting includes the data on the heat generating material to be arranged in the room, the indoor use conditions, the use schedule, and the like. (3) Forcible control of indoor thermal environment by air conditioning equipment and the like.
That is, the settings of the cooling / heating period and the intermediate period, the design temperature / humidity, and the like are set. (4) Planning of the building, including the structure of the building itself.
For example, the member configuration of each part of the building and their attributes,
These are various data such as the dimensions and orientation of the target space. (5) Environment and location conditions surrounding the target building.
That is, it is basic information such as the construction site of the target building and its surrounding environment, data of adjacent buildings, and the like. For example, there are weather data selection of a construction site, and the reflectance (albedo value) of the ground surface by finishing the ground surface around the target building. However, among these, the member configuration of each part of the building and their attributes in (4) are determined in step 120 or step 12.
In step 1, the input has already been made.

As described above, it is desirable that the input design data be stored in order to perform simulations by repeating calculations. As described above, it is determined whether or not to save the design data (step 140). If it is to be stored, it is input to the input data storage means (step 141).

After step 140 or step 14, any of the following calculations is performed for the building to be simulated: the total heat load for the specified period, the maximum heat load for the specified period, the temperature / humidity change for the specified period, and the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient. Is selected and input from the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2b (step 150), and a predetermined calculation is performed based on the various data input so far (steps 161 to 164). These calculation methods are well-known, and the description thereof is omitted here.

In step 170, the calculation results calculated in steps 161 to 164 are displayed on the display 3 (step 170). The display format at this time may be a spreadsheet display format or a graph display format using a general-purpose operation system. Further, in step 180, the calculation results calculated in steps 161 to 164 can be printed from the printer 4 (step 180). The print format at this time can be the same variation as the display format on the display 3 described above.

As described above, it is desirable to save the calculation result displayed on the display 3 in the configuration of the present invention in which the simulation is performed by repeating the calculation. It is determined whether or not it is (step 190). Here, if saving is to be performed, the calculation result is stored in the calculation result storage means 12h (step 191), and if not, the process proceeds to the next step.

As described above, various calculation results displayed on the screen of the display 3 or printed by the printer 4 are compared and examined to determine whether or not to end the simulation (step 200). If the design data is changed so as to provide the result expected to be optimal and the calculation is performed again, the process returns to the first step 100 and the same calculation process is performed. At this time, step 14
The calculation is efficiently performed using the previous input data stored as 0. The simulation can be performed by repeating the steps 100 to 200. When the end of the operation is selected in the step 200, the simulation ends.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, in the above embodiment, the keyboard 2a or the mouse 2 is used as the input device.
Although “b” is shown, a pen input, a touch panel input screen, or the like may be used. Further, a calculation formula for calculating the total heat load for the specified period, the maximum heat load for the specified period, the temperature / humidity change for the specified period, the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient, the material characteristic data and the members stored in the storage device 12 in the control unit 10 The characteristic data, the input data, and the calculation result may be used in another form, for example, as a form of a medium (CD-ROM, floppy disk, or the like) on which these are recorded. Further, in the above-described embodiment, a general-purpose computer device is used, but for example, a stationary device or the like may be used.

[0034]

As described above, according to the apparatus and method for simulating the thermal environment of a building according to the present invention,
It is possible to evaluate the thermal environment of a building with various criteria. Also, it is not necessary to input the material properties of the building and the members constituting the building room to the terminal one by one,
Furthermore, since the member property data of the members grasped as a combination of various materials is registered in the database, it is not necessary to input commonly used members from the beginning, making it easy to input design data. To Further, since a means for storing the once input data and the once calculated result is provided, a simulation operation of repeatedly performing a predetermined calculation and searching for an optimum result becomes easy.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately and easily simulate the thermal environment of a building, so that it is possible to reduce the design labor and shorten the design period, and to realize a cheap and comfortable building. It can be provided to the public.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a processing unit of a building thermal environment simulation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of a building thermal environment simulation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a building thermal environment simulation method according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a unit-length boundary wall shown as an example of a member constituting a building.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Computer main body 2a ... Keyboard 2b ... Mouse 3 ... Display 4 ... Printer 10 ... Control part 11 ... CPU 12 ... Storage device 12a ... Specified period total heat load calculating means 12b ... Specified period maximum heat load calculating means 12c ... Specified period temperature Humidity change calculating means 12d: heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculating means 12e ... member property storing means 12f ... material property storing means 12g ... input data storing means 12h ... calculation result storing means 13 ... RAM 14 ... display control section

Claims (8)

[Claims] An apparatus for simulating a thermal environment of a building, comprising: input means for inputting design data on a building to be simulated; and designating a building based on the design data input to the input means. A designated period total heat load calculating means for calculating a period total heat load, and a designated period maximum heat load calculating means for calculating a designated period maximum heat load of the building based on the design data, based on the design data, A designated period temperature / humidity change calculating means for calculating a designated period temperature / humidity change of a building; and a heat loss / solar radiation acquiring coefficient calculating means for calculating a heat loss / solar radiation acquiring coefficient of the building based on the design data. And a display means for displaying the calculation result obtained by the calculation means as an image. 2. The thermal environment simulation system for a building according to claim 1, further comprising a printer that prints the calculation result. 3. A storage unit for storing member characteristic data of members constituting a building to be simulated, wherein the designated period is determined based on the member characteristic data stored in the storage unit and the design data. The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each calculation is performed by a total heat load calculation unit, a maximum period heat load calculation unit, a temperature / humidity change calculation unit for a specified period, and a heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculation unit. Thermal environment simulation device for objects. 4. The storage device according to claim 1, wherein the storage device stores the material property data of the building material, and the storage device calculates the material property data based on the material property data stored in the material property storage device.
4. The thermal environment simulation system for a building according to claim 3, further comprising member property storage means for storing member property data of a building component, which is an aggregate of building materials. 5. The thermal environment simulation of a building according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit further includes an input data storage unit that stores input design data. apparatus. 6. The storage means stores each calculation result in the designated period total heat load calculation means, the designated period maximum heat load calculation means, the designated period temperature / humidity change calculation means, and the heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient calculation means. The apparatus for simulating a thermal environment of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a calculation result storage unit for performing the calculation. 7. A method of simulating a thermal environment of a building, comprising: an input step of inputting design data relating to a building to be simulated; and a design data input in the input step and stored in the storage means. A calculating step of calculating any one of a total heat load for a designated period, a maximum heat load for a designated period, a temperature / humidity change for a designated period, a heat loss / solar radiation acquisition coefficient, based on the member characteristic data obtained; A display step of displaying, as an image, a calculation result obtained in the calculation step, a thermal environment simulation method for a building. 8. A computer for a designated period total heat load, a designated period maximum heat load of a building to be simulated, based on the design data input to the input means and the member characteristic data stored in the storage means. Recorded a program to execute a calculation procedure to calculate any one of temperature / humidity change, heat loss and solar radiation acquisition coefficient for a specified period, and a display procedure to display the calculation result obtained from this calculation procedure as an image. Medium.