JP2006231290A - Apparatus for sorting waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for sorting waste, which is capable of sorting waste so as to avoid the mixing of heavy-weight waste such as earth and sand contained in waste in light-weight waste without requiring the maintenance of the airtightness of a rotating cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for sorting waste 14 is provided with a rotating cylinder 16, whereby waste 3 is supplied from an opening 16a on the side of heavy-weight waste, which is formed on the one end of the rotating cylinder 16, heavy-weight waste 3a of the supplied waste 3 is discharged from the opening 16a on the side of heavy-weight waste, and light-weight waste 3b is discharged from an opening 16b on the side of light-weight waste. Furthermore, the apparatus 14 is provided with a nozzle 27 for blowing heated air from the side of the opening 16a on the side of heavy-weight waste into the rotating cylinder 16, wherein the light-weight waste 3b is discharged from a discharge port 18 through the opening 16b on the side of light-weight waste with the use of the heated air blown from the nozzle 27. The heavy-weight waste 3a such as earth and sand, which adheres to the light-weight waste 3b because of moisture, can be separated from the light-weight waste 3b by the heated air. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste sorting apparatus capable of sorting, for example, various types of waste such as general household waste and building waste at a construction site into heavyweight and lightweight waste.

  An example of a conventional waste sorting apparatus is shown in FIG. 8 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in the figure, the sorting device 1 includes a rotating drum 2 provided in an inclined state. Waste 3 is supplied from the weight side opening 2a formed at the left end of the rotating drum 2 by the belt conveyor 10, and among the supplied waste 3, heavy waste 3a having a relatively large weight is supplied. The lightweight waste 3b, which is discharged from the weight side opening 2a and has a relatively small weight, can be discharged from the light side opening 2b formed at the right end of the rotary drum 2.

  That is, when the rotating drum 2 rotates, the spiral blade 4 and the lifter blade 5 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2 rotate, and the lightweight side opening from the weight side opening 2a to the waste 3 is rotated. Transfer force in the direction toward 2b can be applied. Then, an air flow is generated in the rotary drum 2 by the suction of air by the suction blowers 6 and 7 shown in FIG. 8, and this air flow is generated from the weight side opening 2a with respect to the waste 3 in the rotary drum 2. A transfer force in the direction toward the lightweight opening 2b can be applied. With the transfer force thus generated, the lightweight waste 3b can be discharged from the discharge port 8a through the lightweight side opening 2b and the lightweight side rotary valve 8.

However, the heavy waste 3 a slides down the bottom portion 2 c of the inclined rotating drum 2 toward the weight side opening 2 a by its own weight, and is discharged from the discharge port 9 a through the weight side rotary valve 9.
JP-A-4-322766

  However, in the conventional waste sorting apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 8, an air flow is generated in the rotary drum 2 by suction of air by the suction blowers 6 and 7, and the lightweight waste in the rotary drum 2 is generated by this air flow. Since the transfer force for transferring 3b is generated, it is necessary to seal the rotary drum 2 so as to ensure this transfer force. For example, seal members 12 and 12 are interposed between both ends of the rotary drum 2 and the left and right covers 11a and 11b. With the seal members 12 and 12, the rotary drum 2 and the left and right covers 11a and 11b The outside air is not sucked in between. Further, rotary valves 8 and 9 are provided at the two discharge ports 8a and 9a, respectively, so that outside air is not sucked from the discharge ports 8a and 9a. Therefore, according to this sorter 1, the cost of these seal members 12 and 12 and rotary valves 8 and 9 increases, and sorter 1 becomes large. Furthermore, it is necessary to check that the sealing functions of the sealing members 12 and 12 and the rotary valves 8 and 9 are normal, which takes time.

  The air flow generated in the rotating drum 2 is the outside air sucked from the air suction port 13 provided in the left cover 11a shown in FIG. 8, and this outside air may be high in humidity or low in temperature. There can be. Thus, there is a problem that the waste 3 in the rotary drum 2 cannot be dried by a high-humidity air flow or a low-temperature air flow. That is, when the waste 3 is coarsely crushed in the previous process supplied to the sorting device 1, the waste 3 is wetted with water so that the dust does not diffuse.

    However, for example, wet lightweight waste 3b such as sheets and papers may adhere to the inner surface of the rotating drum 2 due to the moisture, and thus may not be discharged from the rotating drum 2. Sheets and papers may be sorted as lightweight waste 3b, and the lightweight waste 3b may be treated as flammable. However, when the sheets are wet, earth and sand (heavy waste 3a) and dust are The non-combustible material (heavy waste 3a) such as adhering earth and sand is treated as combustible material together with the lightweight waste 3b. If heavy waste 3a such as earth and sand is carried into the incinerator, it will cause a failure of the incinerator.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is not necessary to ensure the airtightness of the rotating cylinder, and heavy waste such as earth and sand contained in the waste is lightweight waste. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste sorting apparatus that can sort so as not to be mixed into the waste.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a rotating cylinder, and supplies the waste from a weight side opening formed in one of the rotating cylinders, and out of the supplied waste In the waste sorting apparatus for discharging a heavy waste having a relatively large weight from the weight side opening, and discharging a light waste having a relatively small weight from the other light side opening of the rotating cylinder, The rotary cylinder is provided with a blow-out port for blowing out any one of dry gas and heated gas from the weight-side opening side, and the lightweight waste is discharged from the light-side opening by the gas flow blown from the blow-out port. It is characterized by being discharged from.

  According to the waste sorting apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, the bottom portion of the rotating cylinder may be configured to be inclined such that the weight side opening of the rotating cylinder is positioned below the light side opening. it can. When this rotating cylinder is rotated, heavy waste such as earth and sand having a large specific gravity among the waste supplied to the rotating cylinder slides down the bottom of the rotating cylinder by its own weight and is discharged from the weight side opening. Is done. For example, lightweight waste having a small specific gravity is transferred to the side toward the lightweight side opening by the transfer force of the gas flow blown from the outlet, and is discharged from the lightweight side opening.

  Moreover, since the gas blown out from the blowout port is a dry gas or a heated gas, the waste in the rotating cylinder can be dried. As described above, since the waste can be dried, for example, it is possible to prevent a lightweight waste such as a sheet or paper from adhering to the inner surface of the rotating cylindrical body due to moisture. And earth and sand (heavy waste) and dust adhering to the surface of lightweight waste such as sheets and papers can be separated from this lightweight waste. For example, when sorting lightweight waste as flammable It is possible to prevent incombustible material such as earth and sand (heavy waste) from being mixed into the lightweight waste selected as the combustible material.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a rotating cylinder, and supplies waste from a weight side opening formed in one of the rotating cylinders, and out of the supplied waste In the waste sorting apparatus for discharging a heavy waste having a relatively large weight from the weight side opening, and discharging a light waste having a relatively small weight from the other light side opening of the rotating cylinder, A blowout port for blowing gas from the weight side opening to the rotating cylinder, and a dust discharge port for discharging dust adhering to the waste to the outside of the waste sorting device through the light side opening The lightweight waste is discharged from the lightweight side opening by the gas flow blown out from the outlet.

  According to the waste sorting apparatus according to the second invention, as in the first invention, the heavy waste is slid down the bottom of the rotating cylinder by its own weight and discharged from the weight side opening. Can do. And a lightweight waste can be discharged | emitted from a lightweight side opening part by the transfer force of the gas flow which blows off from a blower outlet.

  Further, dust attached to the waste can be discharged to the outside of the sorting device through the lightweight side opening and the dust discharge port by the gas flow blown out from the discharge port. Thus, since dust can be removed from waste, the working environment can be prevented from deteriorating due to dust.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a rotating cylinder, and supplies waste from a weight side opening formed in one of the rotating cylinders, and out of the supplied waste In the waste sorting apparatus for discharging a heavy waste having a relatively large weight from the weight side opening, and discharging a light waste having a relatively small weight from the other light side opening of the rotating cylinder, Sorting out the waste through the lightweight side opening through the blowout port for blowing out one of dry gas and heated gas from the weight side opening to the rotating cylinder and through the light side opening And a dust discharge port for discharging to the outside of the apparatus, wherein the lightweight waste is discharged from the light-side opening by a gas flow blown from the blow-out port.

  Since the waste sorting apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention has the effects of both the first aspect and the second aspect described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the rotating cylinder includes a plurality of rotating division cylinders, and the plurality of rotation division cylinders are arranged in the axial direction. The rotating divided cylinders that are connected and adjacent to each other rotate in opposite directions. As described above, when the adjacent rotary divided cylinders rotate in opposite directions, the wastes in the rotary cylinders can be separated from each other and dispersed. In this way, by dispersing the waste, it is possible to accurately sort the waste into heavy waste and lightweight waste.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a fifth invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the rotating cylinder is provided with a plurality of sieve holes, and the waste is contained in the waste from the plurality of sieve holes. It is characterized by discharging powder particles. By doing in this way, the earth and sand etc. (medium weight waste) of a particle size smaller than this can be screened from many sieve holes, and can be discharged | emitted from a rotating cylinder. The earth and sand discharged (sorted) in this way can be used as earth and sand for backfilling, for example.

  The waste sorting apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the sieve hole has a relatively large diameter provided on the weight side opening side, and a relatively small diameter has the large size. It is characterized in that it is provided closer to the lighter opening than the diameter sieving hole. By doing in this way, the earth and sand etc. which are contained in a waste can be sorted into a thing with a comparatively small particle size, and a comparatively large thing. The two types of earth and sand having different particle diameters can be used according to applications. In addition, as for the sieve hole, a relatively small diameter is provided on the lighter side opening side than a relatively large diameter, and the waste is supplied to the small diameter sieve hole, so that the soil having a small particle diameter, etc. Can be prevented from being discharged from the large-diameter sieve hole.

    A waste sorting apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the blowout port has a shape that extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating cylinder. It is what. According to this air outlet, the gas blown out from the air outlet also spreads in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the waste in the rotating cylinder is lifted up to a certain height and dropped, Gas can be sprayed without leakage. Therefore, the lightweight waste can be reliably discharged through the lightweight side opening.

  The waste sorting apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the outlet is formed of a cylindrical portion, and a spiral protrusion on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. The gas guide vane formed as follows is provided. If it does in this way, since the gas which blows off from a blower outlet turns into the gas flow swirled helically, it can be made to send a gas flow reliably to a lightweight side opening part. Thereby, a lightweight waste can be reliably discharged | emitted from a lightweight side opening part. Further, the spirally swirling gas flow can discharge the light waste adhering to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder into the gas flow and discharge it from the light side opening.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a ninth invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the outlet is formed of a cylindrical portion, and at least two blower blades are provided inside the cylindrical portion. The two blower blades are rotatably arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical portion, and are driven to rotate in opposite directions to blow gas into the rotating cylinder. If it does in this way, the force which tries to turn of the gas flow formed with one wing | blade blade | wing, and the force which tries to turn of the gas flow formed by the other wing | blade blade | wing (the reverse rotation direction above) Cancel each other out, and a substantially laminar gas flow can be blown out from the outlet. Thereby, a gas flow can be sent so that it may reach a lightweight side opening part, and a lightweight waste can be reliably discharged | emitted from a lightweight side opening part.

  A waste sorting apparatus according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the outlet is formed of a cylindrical portion, and an inner hole of the cylindrical portion is formed on a peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion. A plurality of branch pipes that communicate with the plurality of branch pipes, and the tip opening portions of the plurality of branch pipes are provided on the side toward the light-weight side opening portion and directed toward the inner surface of the rotating cylinder. It is a feature. If it does in this way, the lightweight waste stirred in a rotating cylinder can be discharged | emitted from a lightweight side opening part with the gas blown off from the blowing outlet currently formed in the front-end | tip of a cylindrical part. And by the gas blown out from the front-end | tip opening part of each branch pipe, the lightweight waste adhering to the inner surface of a rotating cylinder by moisture, for example can be pulled away from the inner surface, and can be discharged | emitted from a lightweight side opening part. .

  The waste sorting apparatus according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the waste sorting apparatus according to the tenth aspect, wherein the plurality of branch pipes are accommodated in the cylindrical portion, and a distal end opening of each branch pipe is an outer surface of the cylindrical portion. It is characterized by opening. If it does in this way, a waste will not contact a branch pipe or will be caught, but a heavy waste and a lightweight waste can be discharged | emitted from each weight side opening part corresponding to each, and a lightweight side opening part.

  According to the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the lightweight waste is discharged from the lightweight side opening by blowing the gas flow blown from the outlet to the lightweight waste. Unlike the conventional sorting apparatus 1 shown, it is not necessary to ensure the airtightness of the rotating cylinder. Therefore, it is not necessary to have a seal structure including the seal member 12 and the rotary valves 8 and 9 shown in FIG.

  And, it is possible to blow out dry gas or heated gas from the outlet and dry the waste. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently prevent lightweight waste such as sheets from adhering to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder by moisture. Light weight waste can be discharged from the light side opening. In addition, since sand and the like (heavy waste) adhering to the lightweight waste due to moisture can be separated from the lightweight waste, for example, when the lightweight waste is treated as combustible, the earth and sand adhering to the lightweight waste, etc. (Heavy waste) can be prevented from being carried into the incinerator, and as a result, failure of the incinerator can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “sorting apparatus”) will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The waste 3 supplied to the sorting device 14 is, for example, various types of waste such as ordinary household waste and building waste at a construction site, and is crushed to a certain size by a crusher in the previous process. It is a thing. Then, the roughly crushed various wastes 3 are conveyed to the supply chute 15 by, for example, a belt-on bear (not shown), and are supplied from the supply chute 15 into the rotary cylinder 16. The waste 3 supplied into the rotary cylinder 16 is sorted into heavy waste 3a and lightweight waste 3b and discharged from the corresponding discharge ports 17 and 18, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating cylinder 16 is a cylindrical body formed in a substantially truncated cone shape, and a large circular weight side opening 16a is formed on the left side shown in FIG. A small circular lightweight side opening 16b is formed on the right side. The heavy waste 3a is discharged from the heavy side opening 16a, and the light waste 3b is discharged from the light side opening 16b. A short cylindrical outer cylinder 19 is provided outside the rotating cylinder 16 so as to cover the rotating cylinder 16, and the rotating cylinder 16 and the outer cylinder 19 are coupled to each other. In addition, two annular rails 20 and 20 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 19 so as to be spaced apart from each other. Each of the two rails 20 and 20 is placed on two rollers 21 and 22 as shown in FIG. The driven roller 21 is arranged on the right side of the figure, and the driving roller 22 is arranged on the left side. The drive roller 22 is rotationally driven by, for example, an electric motor 23. Transmission of rotational power from the electric motor 23 to the drive roller 22 is performed by, for example, a sprocket and an annular chain 24. The driven roller 21 and the driving roller 22 are rotatably provided on the base 25.

  When the electric motor 23 is driven to rotate in a predetermined direction, the driving roller 22 rotates in a predetermined direction, so that the outer cylinder 19 and the rotating cylinder 16 rotate in a predetermined direction at a predetermined speed. The rotating cylinder 16 has a central axis arranged substantially horizontally, and the inclination angle of the bottom 16c is set to about 5 ° (preferably 3 to 20 °).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a large number of scraping members 26 are attached to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 16. Each of the scraping members 26 is a member having a substantially L-shaped cross section, and has a generally rectangular scraping plate 26a. Each scraping plate 26 a protrudes inward from the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 16, and the plate surface is substantially parallel to the central axis of the rotating cylinder 16. The leading edge 26 b of each scraping plate 26 a is formed so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the rotating cylinder 16. The leading edge 26b is formed so as to approach the central axis of the rotating cylinder 16 as it goes from the weight side opening 16a to the light side opening 16b. As a result, the transfer force in the direction from the light side opening 16b toward the weight side opening 16a can be applied to the waste 3 scraped up by each of the scraping members 26 as the rotating cylinder 16 rotates. it can. A waste chute 15 for supplying waste 3 is provided in the weight side opening 16 a of the rotating cylinder 16.

  However, depending on the function of the sorting device 14 and the form and properties of the waste 3, the waste 3 is opposite to the above in the direction from the weight side opening 16 a toward the light side opening 16 b. Each scraping plate 26a may be formed so as to apply a transfer force.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the supply chute 15 is provided on the base 25 in a state of being inserted into the weight side opening 16 a of the rotating cylinder 16. The supply chute 15 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is formed so that the tip portion enters the inside of the rotating cylinder 16 slightly from the weight side opening 16a. Since the supply chute 15 is disposed at an inclination, when the waste 3 is supplied to the supply port, the waste 3 can be slid down in the supply chute 15 and supplied into the rotary cylinder 16. A nozzle 27 is provided below the supply chute 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the nozzle 27 is formed in a short cylindrical shape, and the central axis of the nozzle 27 is parallel to the central axis of the rotating cylinder 16 and is disposed below the central axis. Yes. A gas guide vane 27 a formed as a spiral protrusion is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle 27. The nozzle 27 has a blowout port 27 b at the tip thereof connected to the tip of the supply chute 15. And the opening part of a base end is connected with the discharge port 28a of the push-type blower 28 (air supply apparatus) 28 via the heater (not shown).

  When the push-type blower 28 is operated, outside air (air) can be sucked from the suction port 28b and discharged from the discharge port 28a. The air discharged from the discharge port 28 a is heated by the heater and flows into the nozzle 27. And it is guided by the gas guide vane 27a formed in a spiral shape in the nozzle 27 and swirls to become a heated swirl flow. The heated swirling flow of air is blown into the rotating cylinder 16 from the weight side opening 16a of the rotating cylinder 16 toward the light side opening 16b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the left side heavy opening 16 a of the rotary cylinder 16 is covered with a heavy side cover 29, and the right side lightweight opening 16 b is covered with a light side cover 30. . Each of the weight-side and light-side covers 29 and 30 prevents the waste 3 in the rotating cylinder 16 from spilling out, and prevents dust, bad odor, and the like contained in the waste 3 from scattering outside. It also has a soundproofing function.

  Discharge ports 17 and 18 for discharging the heavy waste 3a and the light waste 3b are formed in the lower portions of the heavy and lightweight covers 29 and 30, respectively. The heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b discharged from the discharge ports 17 and 18 are respectively conveyed by a belt conveyor (not shown) and subjected to a predetermined post-process.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a dust discharge port 31 is provided on the upper portion of the lightweight side cover 30, and the dust discharge port 31 communicates with the lightweight side opening 16 b. A suction pipe 32 is connected to the dust discharge port 31, and a suction port 35 a of a cyclone filter 33, a bag filter 34 and a suction type blower 35 is connected to the suction pipe 32. When the suction blower 35 is activated, the dust in the rotating cylinder 16 can be sucked into the suction pipe 32, and this dust can be collected by the cyclone filter 33 and the bag filter 34.

  Next, the operation of the waste sorting apparatus 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 configured as described above will be described. First, the motor 23 is driven to rotate the rotating cylinder 16 in a predetermined direction. Then, the suction-type blower 35 is operated and the push-type blower 28 is operated, so that the heating swirl flow is caused to enter the rotary cylinder 16 from the weight side opening 16a of the rotary cylinder 16 toward the light side opening 16b. Blow out. Next, the waste 3 crushed in advance is put into the supply chute 15, and the waste 3 is supplied into the rotary cylinder 16. The waste 3 supplied into the rotary cylinder 16 is scraped up by a large number of scraping members 26, and when the scraping member 26 is rotationally moved to a certain height, the scraps scraped up. 3 slides down from the scraping member 26 and falls to the bottom portion 16 c of the rotating cylinder 16. In this way, the waste 3 is repeatedly scraped and dropped.

  At this time, out of the waste 3 supplied into the rotating cylinder 16, for example, heavy waste 3 a such as earth and sand, rubble, and metal substance having a large specific gravity is disposed on the bottom 16 c inclined of the rotating cylinder 16 by its own weight. It slides down and is discharged from the discharge port 17 through the weight side opening 16a. For example, lightweight waste 3b such as wood, plastic material, paper, and sheets having a small specific gravity is transferred to the side toward the lightweight side opening 16b by the transfer force of the heated swirling flow of the air blown from the outlet 27b. The light is discharged from the discharge port 18 through the lightweight side opening 16b.

  Moreover, since the gas (air) blown out from the blow-out port 27b is heated air, the waste 3 in the rotating cylinder 16 can be dried. Thus, since the waste 3 can be dried, for example, the lightweight waste 3b such as a sheet or paper can be prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 16 due to moisture. Therefore, the lightweight waste 3b can be efficiently discharged from the discharge port 18 through the lightweight side opening 16b.

    Further, since the waste 3 can be dried as described above, earth and sand (heavy waste 3a) and dust adhering to the surface of the lightweight waste 3b such as sheets and papers by moisture are removed from the lightweight waste 3b. Can be pulled away from. Thus, for example, when the lightweight waste 3b is sorted as a flammable material, it is possible to prevent incombustible earth and sand (heavy waste 3a) from entering the lightweight waste 3b sorted as the flammable material. As a result, since earth and sand (heavy waste 3a) adhering to the lightweight waste 3b can be prevented from being carried into the incinerator, failure of the incinerator can be prevented.

    And according to this waste sorting device 14, the lightweight waste 3b is pushed and moved by the heated swirl flow by blowing the heated swirl flow of the air blown from the outlet 27b onto the lightweight waste 3b. Since it is configured to discharge from the opening 16b, it is not necessary to ensure the airtightness of the rotating cylinder 16 as in the conventional sorting device 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, it is not necessary to have a seal structure including the seal members 12 and 12 and the rotary valves 8 and 9 shown in FIG.

  Further, the dust adhering to the waste 3 can be separated from the waste 3 by the heated swirling flow of the air blown from the outlet 27b, and this dust is passed through the lightweight side opening 16b and the dust outlet 31, The cyclone filter 33 and the bag filter 34 can be used for collection. Thus, since dust can be taken out from the waste 3, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the working environment due to dust in the post-processing of the heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, since the spiral gas guide vane 27a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle 27, the air blown out from the outlet 27b is heated and swirled in a spiral shape. Thus, the heated air can be reliably fed to the light side opening 16b without being dispersed. Thereby, the lightweight waste 3b can be reliably discharged from the discharge port 18 through the lightweight side opening 16b. Further, the heated air swirling spirally can discharge the light waste 3b such as paper adhering to the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 16 into the heated swirl flow and discharge it from the light side opening 16b.

  Next, another embodiment of the rotating cylinder 16 will be described with reference to FIGS. Each of the rotating cylinders shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is provided with a number of scraping members 26 as in the case of the rotating cylinder 16 shown in FIG. (Excluding the rotating cylinder 41 in (a)). Each of the rotating cylinders shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is provided such that the bottom 16c of the rotating cylinder forms a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line like the rotating cylinder 16 shown in FIG. The rotating cylinder 36 shown in FIG. 3A has a short cylindrical shape.

  The rotating cylinder 37 shown in FIG. 3B is a cylinder having a regular octagonal cross section. Thus, by making the rotating cylinder 37 into a prismatic shape, when the rotating cylinder 37 rotates, an impact can be given to the waste 3 in the cylinder, and the waste 3 can be efficiently dispersed. it can. If the waste 3 can be efficiently dispersed, the heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b can be accurately selected so as not to be mixed.

  A rotating cylinder 38 shown in FIG. 3C is a regular octagonal cylinder having a tapered shape in cross section. Thus, by making the rotating cylinder 38 into a tapered shape, the rotating cylinder 38 can be installed in a state where the central axis of the rotating cylinder 38 is horizontal.

  However, in the rotating cylinders 37 and 38 shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the cross-sectional shape is a regular octagonal cylindrical body, but instead of this, a polygonal cylindrical body other than this may be used. Good.

  The rotating cylinder 39 shown in FIG. 3D is composed of, for example, four rotating divided cylinders 40. These four rotating divided cylinders 40 are connected in the axial direction, and adjacent rotating divided cylinders 40 are in opposite directions. It is set as the structure rotated in this. That is, each of the four rotation division cylinders 40 is rotationally driven by a corresponding drive roller (not shown).

  As described above, when the adjacent rotary divided cylinders 40 are configured to rotate in opposite directions, the wastes 3 in the rotary cylinder 39 can be separated from each other and dispersed. Thus, by dispersing the waste 3, the waste 3 can be accurately sorted into the heavy waste 3 a and the lightweight waste 3 b. In addition, although the rotary cylinder 39 composed of the four rotary division cylinders 40 is a short cylinder as a whole, it may be a cylinder that is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape instead.

  The rotating cylinder 41 shown in FIG. 4A is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape, and a large number of scraping members 26 are provided on the inner peripheral surface. The scraping member 26 is provided in alignment in the circumferential direction, and is also provided in alignment in the axial direction.

  The rotating cylinder 42 shown in FIG. 4B has a short cylindrical shape, and is provided with transfer blades (projections) 43 formed as spiral projections on the inner peripheral surface. The transfer blade 43 is for transferring the waste 3 in the rotating cylinder 42 in the direction from the light side opening 16b toward the weight side opening 16a. By providing the transfer blades 43 in this manner, the heavy waste 3a can be reliably discharged from the weight side opening 16a.

  However, depending on the function of the sorting device 14 and the form and properties of the waste 3, the waste 3 is opposite to the above in the direction from the weight side opening 16 a toward the light side opening 16 b. The transfer blades 43 may be formed so as to apply a transfer force. By forming the transfer blades 43 in this way, it is possible to prevent the waste 3 from easily sliding down to the weight side opening 16a side by its own weight. Therefore, the time in which the waste 3 stays in the rotating cylinder 42 can be made relatively long, and as a result, the heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b can be accurately selected.

  A rotating cylindrical body 44 shown in FIG. 4C has a short cylindrical shape, and a rotating blade 45 is provided inside thereof. This rotary blade 45 is provided with a plurality of plate-like members 45b on a rotary shaft 45a, and the plurality of plate-like members 45b can more effectively disperse the waste 3 in the rotary cylinder 44. it can. As a result, the heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b can be more accurately selected.

  The rotating cylinder 46 shown in FIG. 5A has a short cylindrical shape, and a large number of sieve holes 47 having a certain size are provided on the entire peripheral wall. So that it can be discharged. By doing so, earth and sand (medium weight waste) having a smaller particle diameter can be screened from a large number of sieve holes 47 and discharged from the rotating cylinder 46. The earth and sand discharged (sorted) in this way can be used as earth and sand for backfilling, for example. When a large number of sieving holes 47 are provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating cylinder 46, a discharge chute for discharging the sifted sand and the like (medium weight waste) is provided below the rotating cylinder 46.

  The rotating cylinder 48 shown in FIG. 5 (b) has a short cylindrical shape, and is provided with a large number of sieving holes 49 and 50 of two types on the entire peripheral wall. The relatively large-diameter sieve hole 49 is provided on the weight side opening 16a side, and the relatively small-diameter sieve hole 50 is provided on the lighter side opening 16b side than the large-diameter sieve hole 49. is there. By doing in this way, the earth and sand etc. which are contained in the waste 3 can be sorted into a thing with a comparatively small particle size, and a comparatively large thing. The two types of earth and sand having different particle diameters can be used according to applications. Further, when two types of sieve holes 49 and 50 are provided in this way, the supply chute 15 is arranged such that the tip of the supply chute 15 for the waste 3 is disposed above the small-diameter sieve hole 50. Form. As a result, firstly, the small particle size of earth and sand contained in the waste 3 is discharged from the small diameter sieve hole 50, so that this small particle size of earth and sand is discharged from the large diameter sieve hole 49. Can be prevented. Note that two discharge chutes for discharging the two types of sifted sand and the like (medium-weight waste) are provided below the rotating cylinder 48.

  A rotating cylinder 51 shown in FIG. 6 has a short cylindrical shape, and a heating cylinder 52 is fixed to the rotating cylinder 51 at an interval outside the peripheral wall. The heating cylinder 52 rotates with the rotating cylinder 51. Further, fixed covers 53 and 54 are disposed at both ends of the heating cylinder 52, and the two fixed covers 53 and 54 are fixed to the base 25. The left fixed cover 53 is provided with an inlet 53a for heated air, and the right fixed cover 54 is provided with an outlet 54a for heated air. When heated air is supplied to the inflow port 53a, the heated air can heat the rotating cylinder 51 and the waste 3 in the rotating cylinder 51. Note that hot water may be supplied instead of heated air.

  Next, another embodiment of the nozzle 27 will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the scraping member 26 of the rotating cylinder 16 shown in FIGS. 7A to 7F is omitted. The nozzle 55 shown in FIG. 7A is a rectangular cylindrical body that extends in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating cylindrical body 16. According to this nozzle 55, the heated air blown out from the blowout port 55a also spreads in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the waste 3 in the rotating cylinder 16 is scraped up to a certain height and dropped, Heated air can be sprayed to the waste 3 to be discharged without leakage. Therefore, the lightweight waste 3b can be reliably discharged from the discharge port 18 through the lightweight side opening 16b. As a result, the heavy waste 3a can be reliably discharged from the discharge port 17 through the weight side opening 16a.

  In the nozzle 56 shown in FIG. 7B, at least two air blowing blades 57a and 57b are rotatably disposed along the axial direction of the nozzle 56. The two blower blades 57a and 57b are respectively driven to rotate in opposite directions by a motor or the like so that the heated air can be blown into the rotary cylinder 16. If it does in this way, it will try to turn the heating air flow formed by one blowing blade 57a and the heating air flow formed by the other blowing blade 57b. The forces to cancel each other out, and a substantially laminar heated air flow can be blown out from the blowout port 56a. Thus, the heated air flow can be sent so as to reach the lightweight side opening 16b, and the lightweight waste 3b can be reliably discharged from the discharge port 18 through the lightweight side opening 16b.

  The nozzle 58 shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 59 having a predetermined length that communicate with the inner hole of the nozzle 58 on the peripheral wall of the short cylindrical portion 58a. The plurality of branch pipes 59 are radially provided from the outer surface of the short cylindrical portion 58a toward the outside, and the respective leading end openings are on the side toward the lightweight side opening 16b of the rotary cylinder 16, and the rotary cylinder It is provided facing the inner surface of the body 16. If it does in this way, the lightweight waste 3b stirred in the rotating cylinder 16 will be pushed out from the lightweight side opening part 16b by the heated air which blows off from the blower outlet 58b formed in the front-end | tip of the nozzle 58, and is discharged | emitted. Can do. Then, by the heated air blown out from the front end openings of the plurality of branch pipes 59, the lightweight waste 3b adhering to the inner surface of the rotary cylinder 16 due to moisture, for example, is pulled away from the inner surface and discharged from the lightweight side opening 16b. can do.

  In the nozzle 60 shown in FIGS. 7 (e) and 7 (f), a plurality of branch pipes 59 having a predetermined length are provided on the peripheral wall of the short cylindrical portion 60 a and communicate with the inner hole. The plurality of branch pipes 59 are accommodated inside the short cylindrical portion 60a, and the respective leading end opening portions are opened on the outer surface of the short cylindrical portion 60a. Each tip opening is provided on the side facing the lightweight side opening 16 b of the rotating cylinder 16 and facing the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 16. In this way, the heated air can be blown out from the outlet 60b and the tip opening of each branch pipe 59 in the same manner as the nozzle 58 shown in FIGS. 7 (c) and 7 (d). Since each branch pipe 59 is accommodated in the short cylindrical portion 60a, the waste 3 does not come into contact with or get caught by the branch pipe 59, and each of the heavy waste 3a and the lightweight waste 3b corresponds to each. It can discharge | emit from the weight side opening part 16a and the lightweight side opening part 16b.

  However, in the above embodiment, the heated air is blown out from the blowout port 27b, but instead of this, dry air may be blown out. For example, when the waste 3 is heated in advance to remove moisture and has a high temperature, the dried cooling air may be blown out from the outlet 27b. By cooling the high temperature waste 3, it is possible to facilitate the processing in the subsequent process of the waste 3.

  As described above, the waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention does not need to ensure the airtightness of the rotating cylinder, so that heavy waste such as earth and sand contained in the waste is not mixed into the lightweight waste. Therefore, it is suitable for application to such a waste sorting apparatus.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a waste sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an AA sectional view showing the sorting device concerning the embodiment. The other embodiment of the rotary cylinder with which the same sorter concerning the same invention is provided is shown, (a) is a perspective view of a short cylindrical rotary cylinder, and (b) is a perspective view of an octagonal rotary cylinder, (C) is a perspective view of a taper-shaped rotating cylinder having an octagonal cross section, and (d) is a perspective view of the rotating cylinder including a plurality of rotating division cylinders. FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of a rotating cylinder provided in the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, in which (a) is a longitudinal section of a substantially truncated cone-shaped rotating cylinder provided with a large number of scraping members arranged on the inner peripheral surface. FIG. 5B is a front view of a short cylindrical rotary cylinder having a transfer blade on the inner peripheral surface, and FIG. 5C is a vertical cross-sectional view of the short cylindrical rotary cylinder having a rotary blade inside. . 4 shows still another embodiment of a rotating cylinder provided in the sorting apparatus according to the invention, wherein (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a short cylindrical rotating cylinder provided with one kind of many sieving holes, (b). FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a short cylindrical rotary cylinder having two types of sieve holes. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the rotation cylinder with which the same sorter concerning the same invention is provided, and shows the rotation cylinder provided with the cylinder for heating. The other embodiment of the nozzle with which the same sorter concerning the same invention is provided is shown, (a) is a perspective view of a nozzle with a section in a rectangle, (b) is a perspective view of a nozzle provided with two fan blades for the inside, ( c) is a perspective view of a nozzle having a large number of branch pipes on the outer surface, (d) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 7 (c), and (e) is a vertical cross-sectional view of a nozzle having a large number of branch pipes on the inner surface. (F) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 7 (e). It is a front view which shows the conventional waste sorting apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Waste 3a Heavy waste 3b Lightweight waste 14 Waste sorting apparatus 15 Supply chute 16, 36-39, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48, 51 Rotating cylinder 16a Weight side opening 16b Light side opening 16c bottom 17, 18 discharge port 19 outer cylinder 20 rail 21 driven roller 22 drive roller 23 electric motor 25 base 26 scraping member 27, 55, 56, 58, 60 nozzle 27a gas guide vane 27b, 55a, 56a, 58b, 60b Air outlet 28 Push-in blower 29 Heavy-side cover 30 Light-side cover 31 Dust discharge port 32 Suction pipe 33 Cyclone filter 34 Bag filter 35 Suction-type blower 40 Rotating split cylinder 43 Transfer blade 45 Rotary blade 47, 49, 50 Sieve Hole 52 Heating cylinder 53, 54 Fixed cover 57a, 57b Wind vanes 58a, 60a short cylindrical portion 59 branch pipe

Claims (11)

A rotating cylinder is provided, and waste is supplied from a weight side opening formed in one of the rotating cylinders. Among the supplied waste, heavy waste having a relatively large weight is supplied to the weight side. In the waste sorting apparatus which discharges from the opening, and discharges the lightweight waste having a relatively small weight from the other lightweight side opening of the rotating cylinder,
The rotary cylinder is provided with a blowout port for blowing out any one of dry gas and heated gas from the weight side opening side, and the lightweight waste is opened by the gas flow blown from the blowout port. Waste sorting device characterized by being discharged from the section. A rotating cylinder is provided, and waste is supplied from a weight-side opening formed on one side of the rotating cylinder, and among the supplied waste, heavy waste having a relatively large weight is supplied to the weight side. In the waste sorting apparatus which discharges from the opening, and discharges the lightweight waste having a relatively small weight from the other lightweight side opening of the rotating cylinder,
Dust outlet for discharging gas from the weight side opening side into the rotary cylinder and dust attached to the waste through the light side opening and to the outside of the waste sorting device And a waste sorting apparatus for discharging the lightweight waste from the lightweight side opening by a gas flow blown from the blow-out port. A rotating cylinder is provided, and waste is supplied from a weight side opening formed in one of the rotating cylinders. Among the supplied waste, heavy waste having a relatively large weight is supplied to the weight side. In the waste sorting apparatus which discharges from the opening, and discharges the lightweight waste having a relatively small weight from the other lightweight side opening of the rotating cylinder,
From the weight side opening side into the rotating cylinder, a blowout port for blowing out any of dry gas and heated gas, and dust adhering to the waste is passed through the lightweight side opening and the waste A waste sorting apparatus comprising: a dust discharge port for discharging to the outside of the sorting device; and discharging the lightweight waste from the lightweight side opening by a gas flow blown from the blowing port.   2. The rotating cylinder includes a plurality of rotating divided cylinders, the plurality of rotating divided cylinders are connected in an axial direction, and the adjacent rotating divided cylinders rotate in directions opposite to each other. The waste sorting apparatus according to any one of 1 to 3.   The waste cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a number of holes for sieving are provided in the rotating cylinder, and powder particles contained in the waste are discharged from the number of holes for sieving. Sorting device.   The sieve hole having a relatively large diameter is provided on the weight side opening, and a relatively small diameter is provided on the lighter side opening than the large diameter sieve hole. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 5.   The waste sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outlet has a shape that extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating cylinder.   The air outlet is formed of a cylindrical portion, and gas guide vanes formed as spiral ridges are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. The waste sorting apparatus described in 1.   The outlet is formed of a cylindrical portion, and at least two blowing blades are rotatably disposed along the axial direction of the cylindrical portion inside the cylindrical portion, and the two blowing blades are: The waste sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waste sorting device is driven to rotate in opposite directions to blow out gas into the rotating cylinder.   The outlet is formed of a cylindrical part, and a plurality of branch pipes communicating with the inner hole of the cylindrical part are provided on a peripheral wall of the cylindrical part, and the distal end openings of the plurality of branch pipes are formed on the lightweight side. The waste sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waste sorting apparatus is provided on a side toward the opening and directed toward an inner surface of the rotating cylinder.   11. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of branch pipes are accommodated in the cylindrical portion, and a distal end opening portion of each branch pipe is opened on an outer surface of the cylindrical portion. .

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