JP3634646B2 - Sorting machine with drying mechanism - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sorting machine with a drying mechanism that sorts waste while drying and sorts it into incombustibles and combustibles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, municipal waste and industrial waste are treated by incineration using, for example, a stalker-type incinerator or a fluidized-bed incinerator. In recent years, waste reduction, environmental problems, resource Due to the increase in effective use, waste is changed to, for example, RDF (Refuse Delivered Fuel), and reuse and effective use as resources are being carried out.
[0003]
Conventionally, waste such as municipal waste has been crushed, etc., and then the crushed waste is made of silicon-containing glass, earth and sand, aluminum cans, etc. by a sorter such as a rotary sieve (trommel), a vibrating sieve, or a wind sorter. Sorted into non-combustible waste such as steel cans and combustible waste. Of the waste thus selected, combustible waste is dried and compression molded and used as RDF.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the crushed waste is sorted into combustible waste and non-combustible waste by a sorter such as the rotary sieve (trommel), vibrating sieve, wind sorter, etc., the combustible waste contains a lot of moisture, and is made of glass / sediment. Because non-combustible waste with a small diameter is adsorbed, the combustible waste after sorting contains a lot of non-combustible waste, and sorting between combustible waste and non-combustible waste is not performed reliably. There is a problem.
[0005]
In addition, when RDF produced using combustible waste sorted by such a sorter is burned in a combustion furnace, it becomes nonflammable waste with a small diameter, such as glass or earth and sand, adsorbed on the combustible material. There is also a problem that the silicon component contained becomes a clinker and adheres to the inside of the combustion furnace, thereby reducing the combustion efficiency.
[0006]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is conceivable to dry the waste with a dryer before the sorting process by the sorter of the crushed waste. There is a problem that an installation area is required and an increase in cost cannot be avoided.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and can accurately sort waste into combustible waste and non-combustible waste without increasing the size and cost of the apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide a sorting machine with a drying mechanism.
[0008]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
In order to achieve the above-described object, a sorting machine with a drying mechanism according to the present invention is provided with:
While dry waste be non combustible materials and combustible materials and drying mechanism with sorting machine for sorting, the
Together are arranged so as to be downwardly inclined from the (a) upstream to the downstream side, has a stirring blade in the upstream side circumference, and the incombustible material in waste to be introduced therein to the downstream side to the outside cylindrical body having Rufurui eyes be ejected,
(B) Rotating means for rotating the cylindrical body, and (c) air blowing means for supplying a drying gas to the inside of the cylindrical body.
[0009]
In the present invention, the waste thrown into the cylindrical body is gently advanced by the rotation and the downward slope of the cylindrical body, and is stirred by the stirring blade provided on the inner circumference of the upstream side, and is blown into the cylindrical body. Drying is performed with a drying gas supplied from the means. By drying and stirring the waste in this way, for example, a small-diameter incombustible material adhering to the combustible material in the waste is separated, and the combustible material and the incombustible material are separated by a sieve provided downstream of the cylindrical body. Are selected.
[0010]
According to the present invention, it is possible to recover a non-combustible material having a small diameter, which has been conventionally attached to a combustible material and recovered as a combustible material, as an incombustible material, and improve the sorting efficiency by increasing the purity of the combustible material. There is an effect. Therefore, even when solidified fuel such as RDF is manufactured and used by using the recovered combustible material as a raw material, problems such as generation of clinker in the combustion furnace can be reduced. Moreover, the enlargement of the apparatus is suppressed and it is economical in terms of installation area and cost.
[0011]
In the present invention, a covering body is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body and has a discharge portion for the incombustible material and a discharge portion for the combustible material. Is preferably a substantially hermetically sealed structure. Thus, since the drying gas supplied to the inside of the cylindrical body is prevented from flowing out, the waste inside the cylindrical body can be efficiently dried.
[0012]
In the present invention, it is preferable that a double damper or a rotary damper is provided in each discharge part of the incombustible material and the combustible material. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the drying gas from flowing out of the discharge section when discharging the non-combustible material or the combustible material, and it is possible to maintain the drying efficiency.
[0013]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the drying gas is hot air and is supplied so as to co-flow with the waste flow. By doing so, the inside of the cylindrical body on the downstream side can be lowered in temperature with respect to the flow of waste, and the waste can be prevented from melting and closing the sieve provided on the downstream side of the cylindrical body. There is an effect.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, specific embodiments of a sorting machine with a drying mechanism according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a sorting machine with a drying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are explanatory diagrams for explaining a driving mechanism of the sorting machine with the drying mechanism. Is shown in
[0016]
In the sorting machine with a drying mechanism 1 according to the present embodiment, a casing (a coating according to the present invention) is provided on the outer peripheral side of a cylindrical rotating drum (corresponding to a cylindrical body in the present invention) 2 and to cover the rotating drum 2. 3) is provided, and both ends of the rotary drum 2 and the casing 3 are covered with an upstream hood 4 and a downstream hood 5, respectively. A transport device 7 having a hopper 6 is inserted into the upstream side of the rotary drum 2 through the upstream hood 4.
[0017]
The upstream hood 4 is provided with a hot air supply port 8 connected to a hot air supply device (not shown) (corresponding to the blowing means in the present invention), and this hot air supply device (corresponding to the blowing means in the present invention). ) So that hot air (about 100 ° C. near the middle of the rotating drum 2) is pushed into the rotating drum 2. On the other hand, a hot air suction port 9 for sucking hot air pushed into the rotary drum 2 to the outside is provided at the upper part of the downstream hood 5.
[0018]
The rotating drum 2 is arranged so as to be inclined downward from the upstream side to the downstream side, and on the downstream side of the rotating drum 2, a non-combustible material such as glass and earth and a non-combustible material such as a steel can and an aluminum can. A plurality of sieves 10 for discharging the water to the outside are provided. A plurality of stirring blades 11 are attached to the inner circumference on the upstream side of the rotating drum 2.
[0019]
A non-combustible discharge chute (corresponding to the non-combustible discharge section in the present invention) 12 that collects the non-combustible material that passes through the sieve 10 of the rotating drum 2 and falls is provided in the lower part on the downstream side of the casing 3. It has been. In addition, a combustible discharge chute (book) that collects waste (that is, combustible) that passes through the sieve 10 of the rotary drum 2 and flows into the downstream hood 5 is disposed below the downstream hood 5. This corresponds to the combustible discharge part in the present invention.) 13 is provided. These incombustible discharge chute 12 and combustible discharge chute 13 are respectively provided with double dampers 14 and 15 so that the hot air in the casing 3 does not flow outside through the discharge chute 12 and 13. A maintenance chute 17 having a double damper 16 is provided below the upstream hood 4.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2A, a gear 18 is provided at the lower part of the rotating drum 2 in the upstream hood 4, and a shaft 19 connected to the gear 18 is connected to the upstream end face 4 a of the upstream hood 4. Is connected to an electric motor 20 disposed outside and only the rotating drum 2 is rotated. A seal (not shown) is inserted in the insertion hole 19a of the shaft 19 provided in the upstream end surface 4a of the upstream hood. In addition, the gear 18, the shaft 19, and the electric motor 20 in the present embodiment correspond to the rotating means in the present invention.
[0021]
In the sorter 1 with the drying mechanism configured as described above, the waste W that has been crushed in advance is put into the hopper 6, and is transported into the rotary drum 2 through the upstream hood 4 by the transport device 7. The rotating drum 2 is rotated by the driving force of the electric motor 20 being transmitted through the shaft 19 and the gear 18, and the waste W supplied into the rotating drum 2 is rotated and lowered. It moves forward slowly due to the inclination, and is stirred by the stirring blade 11 attached to the inner upstream side thereof.
[0022]
Further, the hot air supplied into the rotary drum 2 from the hot air supply port 8 provided in the upstream hood 4 is recovered from the hot air suction port 9 provided in the upper part of the downstream hood 5 and is the same as the flow direction of the waste W. The water in the waste W evaporates by this hot air. By drying the waste in this manner, the small-diameter incombustible material adhering to the combustible material containing a large amount of moisture is separated from the combustible material. The hot air supply amount from the hot air supply port 8 and the hot air suction amount from the hot air intake port 9 are adjusted so that the internal pressure in the rotating drum 2 (inside the casing 3) is about 0 mmAq. The temperature of the hot air is about 100 ° C. near the middle of the rotary drum 2.
[0023]
Next, among the waste W conveyed to the downstream side of the rotating drum 2, the non-combustible material W1 such as a small-diameter incombustible material or an aluminum can / steel can passes through a sieve 10 provided around the downstream side of the rotating drum 2. Then, it is discharged out of the rotating drum 2 and is collected through the incombustible discharge chute 12 and the double damper 14.
[0024]
On the other hand, the waste (that is, the combustible material W2) that is not discharged by the sieve 10 is conveyed to the downstream hood 5 as it is, and is collected through the combustible material discharge chute 13 and the double damper 15 provided at the lower portion of the downstream hood 5. Is done.
[0025]
FIG. 3 shows a ratio of moisture in the waste W and ash to be removed (in this embodiment, non-combustible materials such as glass, earth and sand, aluminum can, and steel can). As shown in the figure, it is clear that the smaller the moisture in the waste W, the higher the proportion of ash removed.
[0026]
According to this embodiment, after the waste W thrown into the rotating drum 2 is dried by the hot air supplied into the rotating drum 2, the small-diameter incombustible material adhering to the combustible material is separated from the combustible material. In this state, since the combustible material and the non-combustible material are sorted by the sieve 10 provided on the downstream side, it is possible to improve the sorting efficiency without increasing the size of the apparatus. Further, in this embodiment, since the size of the conventional dryer (or sorter) is approximately the same, the cost and installation area can be greatly reduced compared to a system in which the dryer and sorter are provided side by side. Can do.
[0027]
In addition, in the RDF manufactured using the combustible W2 collected from the sorting mechanism-equipped sorting machine 1 of this embodiment, the glass and earth and sand in the waste are surely removed, so this RDF is used. At the same time, it is possible to suppress problems such as clinker adhering to the combustion furnace.
[0028]
According to this embodiment, the internal pressure in the rotary drum 2 is set to about 0 mmAq, and the double dampers 14, 15, and 16 are mounted on the chutes 12, 13, and 17, respectively. 3) The airtightness inside is maintained, and the drying efficiency is maintained.
[0029]
According to the present embodiment, the hot air is supplied in the flow direction of the waste W, and the hot air is set to about 100 ° C. in the vicinity of the approximate middle of the rotary drum 2, so that it is included in the waste W. It is possible to prevent the plastics from melting and closing the sieve 10.
[0030]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the shaft 19 connected to the electric motor 20 passes through the upstream end face 4 a of the upstream hood 4 and is connected to the gear 18, and the rotation of the gear 18 is performed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the shaft 19 ′ connected to the electric motor 20 ′ is connected to the side surface of the upstream hood 4 (or the side surface of the casing) as shown in FIG. ) May be connected to the worm gear 18 'through the rotary drum 2 and the driving force of the drive shaft 20 "may be applied to the rotary drum 2 via the chain 19" as shown in FIG. 2 (c). You may make it transmit. These rotational drive mechanisms are preferably provided on the upstream hood or the upstream side of the rotary drum in consideration of waste entanglement or the like, but may be provided only on either the downstream side hood or the downstream side of the rotary drum. Is possible.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, a plurality of stirring blades 11 are provided on the inner circumference on the upstream side of the rotating drum 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of stirring blades are provided on the entire inner circumference of the rotating drum 2. You may do it.
[0032]
In the present embodiment, each discharge chute is provided with a double damper. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same effect can be obtained even if a rotary damper is provided.
[0033]
The sorter with a drying mechanism of the present invention is very useful when sorting waste that is a raw material for solidified fuel such as RDF and contains a large amount of non-combustible matter and moisture.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a sorter with a drying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are explanatory views for explaining a rotary drum driving mechanism of the present embodiment. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the ratio of moisture in the waste W and ash removed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sorting machine with drying mechanism 2 Rotating drum 3 Casing 4 Upstream side hood 5 Downstream side hood 6 Hopper 7 Transport device 8 Hot air supply port 9 Hot air inlet 10 Sieve 11 Stirring blade 12 Incombustible material discharge chute 13 Combustible material discharge chute 14, 15, 16 Double damper 17 Maintenance chute 18 Gear 19, 19 'Shaft 19 "Chain 20, 20' Electric motor 20" Drive shaft

Claims (4)

While dry waste be non combustible materials and combustible materials and drying mechanism with sorting machine for sorting, the
Together are arranged so as to be downwardly inclined from the (a) upstream to the downstream side, has a stirring blade in the upstream side circumference, and the incombustible material in waste to be introduced therein to the downstream side to the outside cylindrical body having Rufurui eyes be ejected,
(B) A rotating unit that rotates the cylindrical body, and (c) a blower unit that supplies a drying gas into the cylindrical body. A covering body is provided so as to cover the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body and has a discharge portion for the incombustible material and a discharge portion for the combustible material, and the cover body is fixed stationary so that the inside thereof is substantially sealed. The sorter with a drying mechanism according to claim 1, which has a structure to be formed. The sorter with a drying mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a double damper or a rotary damper is provided in each discharge part of the non-combustible material and the combustible material. The sorter with a drying mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drying gas is hot air and is supplied so as to flow in parallel with a flow of waste.

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