JP2006218436A - Continuous shearing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continuously perform powerful shearing by preventing clogging due to solidification of a working object material, of the recessed grooves of a stationary disk and a rotary disk in a continuous shearing apparatus performing operations of nano solid phase kneading, nano pulverizing, mechanochemical operations to facilitate flow, and by applying appropriately enhanced compression pressure to the working object material. <P>SOLUTION: In this continuous shearing apparatus, a facing crossing-point angle formed by making the ridge of crest of the rotary disk face that of the stationary disk is displaced by 5-40° and the disks are arranged in multiple stages; a phenomenon where a flow is stagnant is prevented caused by clogging of the recessed grooves of the stationary disk and rotary disk due to solidification of the working object material; and the depth of the recessed grooves of the stationary disk and rotary disk is varied from a charging side toward a discharging side with steps, thus appropriate compression pressure corresponding to the operations of the nano solid phase kneading, nano pulverizing, mechanochemical is applied to the working object material to enable powerful continuous shearing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-stage disk type continuous kneading apparatus, a multi-stage disk type continuous crushing apparatus, and a multi-stage disk type continuous mechanochemical apparatus that prevents clogging due to solidification of a work material, facilitates flow, and increases shear efficiency. About.

  (Materials to be kneaded, materials to be crushed, materials to be mechanochemically treated) are hereinafter referred to as materials to be machined. In order to increase efficiency, it is important to compress and press without impairing the flow of the work material.

  In addition, as a known technique related to the present invention, a continuous kneading device comprising a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages imparts shear by rheological flow behavior of dispersing fine powder in matrix resin (solid phase-liquid phase). It is a device to do. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 6)

In contrast, when nano ultrafine particles are dispersed in a matrix resin, the nano ultra fine particles have a surface energy 1,000 times that of micro fine particles, and as a result, this agglomeration has 1,000 times the cohesion. In the conventional rheological liquid-phase shear kneading, which exhibits the flow behavior, the particles are crushed and kneaded to disperse. Therefore, it is impossible to disperse by acting, and in dispersion of nanoparticles, there is a method in which the matrix resin is solidified and sheared in a solid-solid state (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.)
In the continuous kneading method (see Patent Document 2) in which a fixed disk and a rotating disk are configured in multiple stages prior to Patent Document 1, rheological flow behavior shearing in a heated and melted state and solid phase shearing in a solid state by cooling. There is a method in which the agglomerated particles are disintegrated into primary particles by applying tribological shearing to the agglomerated particles at the state temperature point of the solid phase.

  In pulverization, the material to be processed (the material to be crushed) is divided by shearing, and the reaction activity is increased by increasing the surface area by refining from microfine particles to nano-ultrafine particles. Is expected to expand the field of use (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).

  Further, in the jet mill that enables the finest pulverization by the conventional mechanical pulverization method, the pulverization limit is 1 μm. In addition, there is a pulverization method and apparatus that can pulverize ultrafine particles with an average particle size of 0.3 μm in a shear pulverization method using tribological friction between particles in a continuous pulverization method in which a fixed disk and a rotating disk are configured in multiple stages (patent (See reference 3.)

Also, in mechanochemical operation, when mechanical shear friction is applied to microparticles and nanoparticles, the microparticles become nuclei and the nanoparticles are modified on the surface by the action of physical and chemical changes (for example, non-particles) Further, there is an apparatus for producing surface-modified fine particles of particles by continuous grinding shear, in which a fixed disk and a rotating disk are configured in multiple stages (see Patent Document 5). )

There is a continuous kneader (see Patent Document 6) in which a stationary disk and a rotating disk are configured in multiple stages as an apparatus that enables continuous shearing operations such as nano-solid phase kneading, nano-pulverization, and mechanochemical. There is a mechanism device that improves the shear efficiency by increasing the density of the work material by reducing the concave valley space formed in the fixed disk and rotating disk of the Japanese machine toward the tip side and applying compression pressure

International Publication Number WO 2004/043663 A2 JP 2002-347020 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-001154 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-227714 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-202653 United States Patent 4,408,887 "Plastics" October 1995 Vol.146 No.10 (Dispersion, compounding, and kneading of fillers) Yamaokagishi Yasushi, pages 86-89 “Latest Trends in Inorganic Fine Particle / Ultrafine Particle Technology and Applications” Edited and published by Toray Research Center, Inc. “Inorganic Mechanochemistry” by Keiichiro Kubo Sogo Technology Publishing Co., Ltd. “Illustration of Nanotechnology” Supervised by Tomoji Kawai, Industrial Research Co., Ltd. First edition, 2nd edition, pages 184-191

  However, when the solid-state kneading, nano-pulverization, and mechanochemical operations are performed using the continuous kneader of Patent Document 6 in which a fixed disk and a rotating disk are configured in multiple stages, the shearing acting on the work material is solid- The operation of which the frictional resistance of the solid acts very high, and the flow of the workpiece material tends to be hindered by the solid-solid frictional resistance between the workpiece material and the bottom surface of the disk valley. The disk structure is characterized in that a high pressure is applied to the material to be processed by applying compression and pressure by changing the shapes of valleys and peaks formed in the fixed disk and the rotating disk, thereby increasing the density.

  However, the intersection of the rotational direction relative ridges of the convex portions formed in the radial direction or the centripetal direction formed on the relative surface of the combination of the grinding mill shape fixed disk and the rotating disk shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. The relative angle is not formed at a constant angle for each rotation angle of the rotating disk, and the problem that arises is that the relative angle of the intersection of the relative ridgeline forms an angular position of rotation where the relative angle of the intersection is 0 degree to -degree. It has a structure to do.

  For this reason, the material to be processed between the concave and valley grooves having an intersection relative angle of 0 to-degrees is subjected to a compressive pressure higher than necessary, and the material to be processed is formed into a completely solid state, and the radial direction or the centripetal direction. The next problem that occurs is the phenomenon that the thrust that flows is zero and the valley groove is closed, and the next problem that occurs is that the blocking phenomenon grows sequentially from the first closing point to the input side, and finally all the fixed disks The gaps in the rotating disk are filled, and the work material does not flow in all the disk trough grooves. The work material solidified in the disk recess grooves and the disk are integrated, and the flow of the work material is complete. Stagnant.

  Next, there is a problem that the shearing rotation occurs only on the apex surface of the convex ridge facing the fixed disk and the rotating disk, the motor is overloaded and the device stops.

The means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is not to change the shape of the groove in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the continuous shearing device configured with a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages, Relative angle along the discharge side in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side is the relative angle of intersection formed by the encounter of the relative ridge lines in the rotation direction of the ridges formed radially on the relative surface of the rotating disk By reducing the angle and changing the angle to form an intersection relative angle of 5 to 40 degrees, local retention is prevented by means for generating a compression pressure on the work material.

Further, the means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is that the shape of the groove is not changed in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the continuous shearing device composed of a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages. The depth of the concave valley formed in the radial direction on the relative surface of the disk and the rotating disk decreases along the discharge side in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side, and the depth varies, so that the material to be processed It is characterized by a means for generating a compression pressure suitable for shearing.

  Further, the means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is that the shape of the groove is not changed in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the continuous shearing device composed of a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages. The relative angle of the rotation direction relative ridgeline of the convex ridge formed radially on the relative surface of the disk and the rotating disk decreases the relative angle along the discharge side in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side, and angle variation And the concave valleys formed in the radial direction on the relative surfaces of the fixed disk and the rotating disk reduce the depth along the discharge side and vary the depth in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side. It is characterized by a structure having a structure in which shearing is generated in a compression-pressurized state optimum for the material to be processed.

  In the above description, by forming the relative intersection angle between the rotating disk of the continuous shearing device and the convex ridge portion of the fixed disk relative to each other by changing the angle by 5 to 40 degrees, the rotation disk and the fixed disk By preventing the phenomenon that the material to be processed is blocked by solidification of the work material due to solidification of the concave groove, the depth of the concave groove of the rotating disk and the fixed disk is changed by changing the depth from the input side to the discharge side step. Appropriate compression and pressure corresponding to solid-phase kneading, nano-pulverization, and mechanochemical can be applied to the material to be processed, and strong shearing can be continuously operated.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7 and a continuous shearing device will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a continuous shearing device, 1 is a quantitative supply device for a material to be processed, and the quantitative supply device 1 is arranged upstream of a feed screw 4, the feed screw 4 and a rotating disk group 3. In addition, the discharge screw 5 is configured to rotate on the same axis. The rotating disks 31 to 36 are alternately arranged with the fixed disks 21 to 25 to form the shearing mechanism of the present invention. 2 is a sectional view taken along the arrow A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the arrow B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the arrow C in FIG. Showing. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the combined configuration of the fixed disks 21 to 25 and the rotating disks 31 to 36 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a developed sectional view of the input side arbitrary dimension D1 to the discharge side arbitrary dimension D2 of FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional arrow view of the input side of FIG. 1, and relative to the input side centripetal intersection by encountering the rotation direction relative ridge line of the convex portion formed radially on the relative surface of the fixed disk and the rotation disk. The input side centripetal intersection 6 formed by forming the angle α at 20 to 40 degrees moves in the input side centripetal intersection moving direction 8 by rotating in the rotation direction 7 of the rotation side of the rotary disk. By moving the intersection 6 in the input side centripetal intersection moving direction 8, a mechanism for transferring the work material present in the recessed grooves of the fixed disk and the rotating disk in the centripetal direction is obtained.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional arrow B on the input side of FIG. 1, and the relative relationship between the input side and the radial direction is determined by encountering the rotation direction relative ridgelines of the convex ridges formed radially on the relative surfaces of the fixed disk and the rotation disk. The input side radial intersection point 9 formed by forming the angle θ at 20 to 40 degrees moves in the input side radial direction intersection moving direction 11 by rotating in the input side rotational disk rotation direction 10 of the rotating disk. The radial crossing point 9 moves in the input side radial crossing point moving direction 11, thereby providing a mechanism for transferring the work material existing in the recessed valley grooves of the fixed disk and the rotating disk in the radial direction.

  FIG. 4 shows the discharge side centripetal intersection relative to the discharge side centripetal point by encountering the rotation direction relative ridge line of the convex portion formed in the radial direction on the relative surface of the fixed disk and the rotation disk. The discharge side centripetal intersection 12 formed by forming the angle β at 5 to 15 degrees moves in the discharge side centripetal intersection moving direction 14 by rotating in the discharge side rotation disk rotation direction 13 of the rotating disk. By moving to the discharge side centripetal intersection moving direction 14 of the centripetal intersection 12, it becomes a mechanism for transferring the work material existing in the recessed grooves of the fixed disk and the rotating disk in the centripetal direction.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional arrow view of the discharge side of FIG. 1, relative to the discharge side radial intersection by encountering the rotation direction relative ridge line of the convex portion formed radially on the relative surface of the fixed disk and the rotation disk. The discharge side centripetal direction relative intersection 15 formed by forming the angle ω at 5 to 15 degrees moves in the discharge side centripetal point movement direction 17 by rotating in the discharge side rotation disk rotation direction 16 of the rotating disk. By moving the side centripetal intersection 15 in the discharge side centripetal intersection moving direction 17, it becomes a mechanism for transferring the work material existing in the recessed grooves of the fixed disk and the rotating disk in the radial direction.

  In the combination of a fixed disk and a rotating disk in the direction of centripetal relative crossing from the A cross-sectional arrow to the C cross-sectional arrow in FIG. 1, the discharge-side centripetal in FIG. An angle variation that decreases to the crossing point relative angle β causes a reduction in the feed speed to the work material, thereby generating a compression pressure on the work material.

  In the combination of the fixed disk and the rotating disk in the direction of centripetal relative intersection moving from the B section arrow section to the D section arrow section in FIG. 1, the discharge side centripetal of FIG. An angle variation that decreases to the crossing point relative angle ω causes a reduction in the feed speed to the work material, thereby generating a compression pressure on the work material.

  FIG. 7 shows a cross section extending from the warp D1 to the warp D2 shown in FIG. The rotating disk 31 has a d1 recessed groove depth of 4 to 10 mm from the recessed groove depth d1 to a d2 recessed groove depth of 1 to 3 mm of the rotating disk 36 and a recessed disk groove d2. It becomes a mechanism for generating compression pressure on the work material by reducing the groove void volume by forming the depth of each concave valley groove on both sides to steps d1 to d2 and changing the depth.

The d3 concave groove depth 4 to 10 mm of the fixed disk 21 is d4 of the rotating disk 25 from the concave groove depth d3.
Concave groove depth 1 to 3 mm Each recessed groove depth on both sides of the fixed disk reaching the concave groove depth d4 is formed by a step to reach d3 to d4, and the depth is displaced to reduce the groove void volume. By doing so, it becomes a mechanism for generating a compression pressure on the work material.

Is an overall view of a continuous shearing device Is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow A in FIG. Is a cross-sectional arrow view of B in FIG. Is a cross-sectional view of FIG. Is a cross-sectional view of FIG. Is an enlarged view of the fixed disk and rotating disk unit combined in multiple stages in FIG. Is a cross-circular development view of the cross section from warp D1 to warp D2 shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Work material quantitative feeder
2 fixed disks
3 rotating disks
4 Feed screw 5 Extrusion screw 6 Input side centripetal intersection 7 Input side rotating disk rotation direction
8 Input side centripetal intersection moving direction 9 Input side radial intersection 10 Input side rotating disk rotation direction 11 Input side radial intersection moving direction
12 Discharge-side centripetal intersection 13 Discharge-side rotating disk rotation direction
14 Displacement side centripetal intersection moving direction
15 discharge side radiation intersection
16 Discharge side rotating disk rotation direction
17 Displacement direction of emission side intersection
21-25 Fixed disk 31-36 Rotating disk α Input side centripetal direction relative angle
β Relative angle of discharge side centripetal intersection
θ Relative angle of input side radiation direction
ω Relative angle of emission side intersection
D1 Input side optional path D2 Discharge side optional path
D1 × π Input side Arbitrary D1 cross section length
D2 × π discharge side arbitrary D2 cross section length
d1 Depth of the rotating disk on the input side d2 Depth of the groove on the rotating disk of the discharge side d3 Depth of groove on the fixed disk of the input side d4 Depth of groove of the fixed disk on the discharge side

Claims (3)

In the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the fixed disk and rotating disk of a continuous shearing device composed of a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages, the relative ridgelines in the rotational direction of the convex ridges formed radially on the relative surface The intersection-side relative angle formed by the association is formed at 20 to 40 degrees, the discharge-side intersection relative angle is formed at 5 to 15 degrees, and a decrease is formed by the angle difference from the input side to the discharge side. A continuous shearing device characterized in that the angle is varied. The depth of the concave valley formed in the radial direction on the relative surface in the total combination from the loading side to the discharging side of the fixed disk and rotating disk of the continuous shearing device composed of a fixed disk and a rotating disk in multiple stages is set on the input side. Is formed at 4 to 10 mm, the discharge side is formed at 1 to 3 mm, depth variation is formed at the step from the input side to the discharge side, and the volume of the groove void is reduced. Relative angle of intersection of ridges of ridges formed radially on the relative surface in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the fixed disk and rotating disk of the continuous shearing device composed of a fixed disk and rotating disk in multiple stages And the groove depth of the concave and recessed valleys of the fixed disk and the rotating disk is a depth variation at the step from the input side to the discharge side in the total combination from the input side to the discharge side of the work material. 3. A continuous shearing device comprising a combination of claim 1 and claim 2, wherein the groove void volume is reduced.

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