JP2006212497A - Mercury removal apparatus for waste fluorescent lamp tube - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a miniaturized mercury removal apparatus for a waste fluorescent lamp tube with a simple constitution efficiently peeling off/recovering a fluorescent substance stayed in a rotation drum and deposited on a crushed piece and mercury contained in the fluorescent substance, simultaneously removing and eliminating mercury directly and strongly deposited on the crushed piece by heating and making the crushed piece to the recyclable and safe state when the fluorescent substance and mercury contained in the fluorescent substance are removed from the crushed piece of the waste fluorescent lamp tube. <P>SOLUTION: In the apparatus for removing the fluorescent substance, mercury contained in the fluorescent substance and mercury deposited on the crushed piece from the crushed piece of the waste fluorescent lamp tube, an annular partition wall 11 having an opening 11a passing with the crushed piece at a central part is provided in a laterally placed cylindrical rotation drum 2 for storing the crushed piece in the approximately air-tightly closed state with a predetermined gap from a throwing side of the crushed piece toward a discharge side. Scraping up plates 13 are provided in a direction perpendicular to the partition wall 11 with a gap in a circumferential direction of the partition wall 11. A heater 14 is arranged on an outer periphery of the rotation drum 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing technology for a waste fluorescent lamp tube, and more specifically, the fluorescent material adhering to the crushed pieces of the crushed waste fluorescent lamp tube and mercury contained in the fluorescent material are peeled from the crushed pieces and simultaneously crushed. The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing mercury adhering directly and firmly to a piece so that the crushed piece can be directly recycled.

Waste fluorescent lamp tubes such as defective fluorescent lamps and used fluorescent lamp tubes generated in the manufacturing process of fluorescent lamp tubes are subject to recycling, but in order to collect and reuse glass materials, It is important to prevent pollution by removing and collecting mercury, which is a fluorescent substance and harmful substances.
Since the removed fluorescent substance is separated from mercury and reused, the fluorescent substance and mercury are removed from the fragments.

  Conventionally, in order to remove fluorescent substances and mercury from crushed pieces, a wet method of washing with water or a chemical solution is generally used. However, the wet method requires a considerable amount of water, and the wastewater treatment after washing is contaminated. There is also a problem, and there is a problem that the cleaning device and the recovery device become large-scale and the equipment cost is high.

  Also, both ends of the waste fluorescent lamp tube are cut, and a blast flow made of a plug flow of air and solid particles is introduced into the fluorescent lamp cutting piece opened at both ends, and is attached to the inner surface of the cutting piece. There are some that peel off the fluorescent material, but the removal efficiency is not sufficient.

Therefore, as a dry method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-286228 proposes a dry cleaning machine for fluorescent tubes. This dry cleaning machine is provided with a brush body for peeling a fluorescent substance in a rotatable cylindrical drum, and a glass piece conveying means, and by gradually conveying the glass piece from the inlet to the outlet while rotating, While the glass piece is being rotated and conveyed, it is possible to reliably scrape off the powdery fluorescent material by sufficiently contacting the brush body.
And in order to make the contact time of a glass piece and a brush body longer and to brush efficiently, the cylindrical drum is installed in the uphill shape toward the feeding direction of the glass piece.

However, the dry cleaning machine requires a rotation motor for driving the brush body, and when feeding by the conveying means, in the case of the spiral blade, the contact time between the glass piece and the brush body cannot be increased, Since the fluorescent substance cannot be removed sufficiently, the cylindrical drum is inclined upward in the feeding direction of the glass piece, thereby extending the residence time of the glass piece in the drum and the contact time between the glass piece and the brush body. It is necessary to remove the fluorescent material by lengthening the length.
Also, this method cannot remove mercury enough for recycling.
JP 2001-286828 A

  In view of the above, the present invention does not require any special peeling means when removing the fluorescent substance or mercury contained in the fluorescent substance from the fragmented pieces of the waste fluorescent lamp tube, and actively removes the fragmented pieces in the rotating drum. There is no need for means for transporting the inside of the rotating drum, a large amount of crushed pieces are retained in the rotating drum with a simple configuration, and the fluorescent material and mercury adhering to the crushed pieces are easily peeled off in a short time. Eliminates and collects mercury from waste fluorescent lamp tubes, which efficiently removes and collects, and at the same time removes and removes the mercury that is directly and firmly attached to the shredded pieces by heating, making the shredded pieces safe for recycling. The device is to be provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the mercury removal device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to the present invention is a fluorescent substance, mercury contained in the fluorescent substance and mercury adhering to the shredded pieces from the shredded pieces of the waste fluorescent lamp tube. Is a device that accommodates crushed pieces, and is placed in a central portion at a predetermined interval from the charging side to the discharge side of the crushed pieces inside a horizontally-placed cylindrical rotating drum in a substantially sealed state. An annular partition wall having an opening through which the crushed pieces pass is provided, a filing plate is provided in a direction perpendicular to the partition wall at intervals in the circumferential direction of the partition wall, and a heating device is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating drum. It is characterized by being arranged.

With this configuration, the crushed pieces supplied in the rotating drum stay in the input side chamber partitioned by the partition wall, and are swept up by the lifting plate and dropped by the rotation of the rotating drum. This is repeated and stirred, and the crushed pieces rub against each other to peel off the fluorescent material and mercury adhering to the crushed pieces.
When the crushed pieces are continuously supplied, a large amount of stagnation stays, and the crushed pieces overflow from the opening of the partition wall in order from the filled side chamber toward the discharge side and are accommodated in the adjacent chamber. In the same way as before, the crushed pieces rub against each other, so that the fluorescent material adhering to the crushed pieces and the mercury contained in the fluorescent material are peeled off, so that the crushed pieces can be directly recycled.

  In this way, the fragments remain and rub against each other until they are full, so that the fluorescent material and mercury can be reliably obtained in a short time while passing through the chambers from the charging side to the discharge side of the rotating drum. Can be easily peeled off, and the apparatus can be greatly downsized.

  Furthermore, when removing mercury adhering directly and firmly to the crushed pieces, a heating device is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating drum, and the crushed pieces are heated by heating the rotating drum, and the crushed pieces are heated. Mercury is vaporized and scattered from the piece, and an efficient removal action is performed.

  Next, the mercury removal device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to the second aspect of the present invention is the mercury removal device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to claim 1, in which the fluorescent substance and mercury are heated from the side of the rotating drum where the fragments are introduced. It is characterized by being sucked together with the generated air.

  With such a configuration, since the heated air in the rotating drum is sucked and flows to the charging side of the crushed pieces, the crushed pieces are heated immediately when supplied into the rotating drum, so that the efficiency is high.

  Next, the mercury removing device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to claim 3 of the present invention is the mercury removing device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein air is supplied from the discharge side of the fragments of the rotating drum. It is characterized by that.

  By adopting such a configuration, the heated air can be actively fed in the direction in which the crushed pieces enter the rotary drum, so that the crushed pieces can be heated efficiently and quickly and from the discharge side. By taking in fresh air, heat is exchanged by washing and cooling the processed fragments to improve efficiency.

  According to the mercury removal apparatus for waste fluorescent lamp tubes of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the fragmented pieces are swept up by the fraying plate in the room partitioned by the partition by the rotation of the rotating drum and dropped, and this is repeated. Since the crushed pieces are agitated and rubbed against each other, the fluorescent material adhering to the crushed pieces and the mercury contained in the fluorescent material are peeled off, so no peeling means such as a brush is required, and no drive source is required Therefore, the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

  When the crushed pieces are continuously supplied, a large amount of stagnation is retained, and the crushed pieces overflow from the bulkhead opening toward the discharge side and flow into the adjacent chamber and are accommodated. Since no special conveying means such as a spiral blade is required and only the partition wall is used, the structure is simple, the apparatus can be greatly reduced in size, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Since the shredded pieces stay in each chamber until they are full and rub against each other, the fluorescent material and mercury contained in the fluorescent material are surely removed while passing through each chamber from the loading side to the discharge side of the rotating drum shredded pieces. Therefore, the apparatus can be greatly downsized.

  In addition, when removing the mercury adhering to the crushed pieces, a heating device is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum, and by heating the rotating drum, the crushed pieces in the rotating drum are heated via the drum, thereby crushing. Mercury is easily released from the piece, and it is efficiently removed, and the crushed pieces are brought to a safe state that can be recycled.

  Next, according to the mercury removing device for waste fluorescent lamp tubes of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, since the heated air in the rotating drum is sucked and flows to the charging side of the crushed pieces, the crushed pieces are supplied into the rotating drum. If it is done, it is heated immediately, the thermal efficiency is improved, and it has the effect of further promoting the detachment action.

  Next, according to the mercury removing apparatus for waste fluorescent lamp tubes of the present invention described in claim 3, since the heated air can be actively fed in the direction in which the crushed pieces enter the rotary drum, The effect of improving efficiency by heat-exchange by washing and cooling the crushed pieces immediately after they are introduced into the rotating drum by heating them efficiently and quickly and by taking in fresh air from the discharge side. Have

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a mercury removing apparatus for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to the present invention.

The mercury removing device 1 according to the present invention peels off the fluorescent material and mercury contained in the fluorescent material from the crushed pieces of the waste fluorescent lamp tube, and simultaneously removes the mercury adhering directly and firmly to the crushed pieces. It is a device that can be directly recycled.
In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a rotating drum. The rotating drum 2 has a horizontal cylindrical shape for accommodating crushed pieces, and a cover plate 3 is attached to the opening end (front side) of the crushed pieces of the rotating drum 2 on the input side. Then, the discharge port of the chute 5 of the crushing piece charging hopper 4 provided on the gantry 16 enters the central portion of the cover plate 3, and the rotating drum 2 is connected to the chute 5 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. A ring-shaped packing 6 is attached to the connecting portion between the cover plate 3 and the chute 5 and sealed.
Further, an insertion damper 7 is provided in the middle of the chute 5 so as to be able to block the introduction of crushed pieces from the charging port 4a of the charging hopper 4 and is connected to the rotating drum 2 in a substantially sealed state.

The opening end portion on the discharge side (rear side) of the rotary drum 2 opens into the discharge box 8 and is connected so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. A ring-shaped packing 9 is attached to the connecting portion between the rotary drum 2 and the discharge box 8 and sealed.
The discharge box 8 is provided with an inspection port 10 that can be opened and closed.

  A plurality of (four in the drawing) annular partition walls 11 having an opening 11a through which the crushed pieces pass in the central portion are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating drum 2 from the crushed pieces input side to the discharge side. A chamber 12 for introducing a plurality of crushed pieces partitioned by the partition wall 11 is formed.

  Further, the rafting plates 13 are fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the rotating drum 2 of each chamber 12 in a direction orthogonal to the partition wall 11 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the partition wall 11.

A heating device 14 is installed in the central portion except for the front and rear portions of the outer periphery of the rotating drum 2. In the heating device 14, a cylindrical heater cover 15 is fixed on the mount 16 with a space from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2, and the heating cover 14 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opening end portions on both sides of the heater cover 15. A ring body 17 is fixed, and a heater 18 is provided between the ring bodies 17 on both sides. A plurality of heaters 18 are arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotating drum 2 at a predetermined interval. The inside of the rotary drum 2 is heated by the heater 18.
The rotating drum 2 is rotatable with respect to the heating device 14.

A ring-shaped packing 19 is fixed to the rotating drum side between the ring body 17 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2, and the space between the rotating drum 2 and the heater cover 15 is substantially sealed.
Further, the heat absorbing fin 20 extends in the longitudinal direction of the rotating drum 2 and is separated into the front and rear at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the rotating drum 2 at a position surrounded by the heater cover 15 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2. Is provided.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a suction tube that is introduced from the outside into the chute 5, and the tip of the suction tube 21 projects from the discharge port of the chute 5 into the frontmost chamber 12 of the rotary drum 2. The air heated in the rotary drum 2 by the suction pipe 21 flows toward the front chamber 12 and is sucked to heat the crushed pieces immediately after being charged.
Further, the fluorescent material and mercury peeled off from the crushed pieces in the rotary drum 2 from the suction tube 21 are sucked and collected together with the heated air, and sent to a dust collector and a mercury collecting device (not shown).

Further, air is supplied from the outside of the discharge side such as the discharge box 8 into the rotary drum 2 so that new air is supplied from the discharge side of the crush pieces of the rotary drum 2 into the rotary drum 2 toward the charging side of the crush pieces. It is preferable to provide a supply pipe or the like.
Thereby, the air heated by the heating device 14 is positively sent toward the charging side of the crushed pieces of the rotating drum 2, and the crushed pieces put into the rotating drum 2 are efficiently heated from the front chamber 12. be able to.

A tire ring 22 for rotational driving in the circumferential direction is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 2 at the front portion and the rear portion.
The tire ring 22 is rotatably fitted on the roller 23 with hooks disposed on the left and right of the front part and the rear part below the rotary drum 2 on the gantry 16, and the rotary drum 2 is supported. The flanged roller 23 is pivotally supported by a bracket 24 fixed on the mount 16 so as to be rotatable.

A driving wheel 26 is fixed to the front part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 2 in the circumferential direction.
The driving wheel 26 transmits the driving force of the wheel 28 of the driving motor 27 installed below the gantry 16 by the adjusting band 29 hung between the driving wheel 26 and the wheel 28 to rotate the rotating drum 2.

Next, the operation of the mercury removing apparatus having such a configuration will be described with reference to the drawings.
When the driving motor 27 is driven, the driving wheel 26 is rotated via the driving force transmitting means of the foil 28 and the band 29, and the rotating drum 2 is rotated.
The fragments of the waste fluorescent lamp tube are continuously introduced from the charging hopper 4 through the chute 5 into the front chamber 12 of the rotary drum 2.

  In the chamber 12, the crushed pieces are swept upward by a rotating scraping plate 13, dropped, and stirred by repeating this, the crushed pieces rub against each other, and fluorescent materials attached to the crushed pieces Removes mercury contained in fluorescent material.

When a large amount of crushed pieces stay in the chamber 12 and become full, they overflow from the opening 11a of the partition wall 11 and are accommodated in the adjacent chamber 12 and are stirred by the scraping plate 13 in the chamber 12 as before. Rubbing each other, peeling off the fluorescent material adhering to the crushed pieces and mercury contained in the fluorescent material.
Hereinafter, the fluorescent substance adhering to the crushed pieces and the mercury contained in the fluorescent substance can be reliably peeled off after passing through each chamber 12 to the discharge side of the crushed pieces.

  The rotating drum 2 is heated by the heater 18 of the heating device 14 at 500 ° C. to 600 ° C. for about 15 minutes to heat the rotating drum 2, so that the crushed pieces are heated through the rotating drum and directly and firmly attached to the crushed pieces. The mercury adhering to the material is efficiently removed by heating. By this heating, the mercury content finally became 0.05 mg / kg to 0.02 mg / kg or less.

  The fluorescent material and mercury peeled off from the crushed pieces are sucked together with the heated air from the suction pipe 21 provided on the side of the crushed pieces of the rotary drum 2 and collected by a dust collector and a mercury collecting device (not shown). .

Since the suction pipe 21 is provided on the charging side of the crushed pieces of the rotary drum 2, air in the rotary drum 2, the discharge box 8, and the storage tank 30 flows toward the suction pipe 21 during suction, and is heated. The air also flows in the direction in which the crushed pieces are introduced, and the crushed pieces immediately after the introduction can be efficiently and quickly heated.
At this time, if fresh air is positively supplied from the discharge side of the shredded piece of the rotating drum 2 to the input side and an air flow is generated, the thermal efficiency is improved and the removal action can be further promoted. .

  On the other hand, the crushed pieces that have been separated from the fluorescent material and mercury through the respective chambers 12 of the rotating drum 2 and have been cooled pass from the opening end of the rear portion of the rotating drum 2 through the drop port 8a of the discharge box 8 and enter the storage tank 30. It is housed and becomes a substantially pure glass material.

  The present invention has been specifically described above based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, the number of the partition walls 11 may be changed, and the gist of the present invention is not deviated. Various improvements and changes can be made within the range.

It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the mercury removal apparatus of this invention waste fluorescent lamp tube.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mercury removal apparatus 2 Rotating drum 4 Input hopper 5 Chute 8 Discharge box 11 Partition 11a Partition opening 13 Scrape plate 14 Heating device 18 Heater 21 Suction tube

Claims (3)

  A device that removes fluorescent substances, mercury contained in fluorescent materials, and mercury adhering to the fragments from waste fluorescent lamp tube fragments. Inside the rotating drum, an annular partition wall having an opening through which the crushed pieces pass is provided in the center at a predetermined interval from the charging side to the discharging side of the crushed pieces, and the circumferential direction of the partition walls A mercury removing device for a waste fluorescent lamp tube, wherein a scraping plate is provided in a direction perpendicular to the partition wall at a distance from each other, and a heating device is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating drum.   2. The mercury removing apparatus for a waste fluorescent lamp tube according to claim 1, wherein the fluorescent substance and mercury are sucked together with the heated air from the side of the rotary drum where the fragments are introduced.   The mercury removal apparatus for waste fluorescent lamp tubes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein air is supplied from the discharge side of the fragments of the rotating drum.

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