JPS597719Y2 - Waste fluorescent lamp processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a waste fluorescent lamp processing apparatus for processing end-of-life fluorescent lamps or defective fluorescent lamps generated during the manufacturing process.

Conventional structure and its problems In defective fluorescent lamps that occur during the manufacturing process of fluorescent lamps and fluorescent lamps that have reached the end of their lifespan, mercury is sealed in the glass tube, so proper disposal of this material is a pollution hazard. This is an important issue in terms of prevention measures, and from the perspective of resource conservation.
After appropriately crushing the glass tube and removing the phosphor material and the mercury attached to it from the inner surface of the glass tube, it is recovered and reused as glass material, and the removed and separated mercury-containing sludge is disposed of as waste. and the criteria for hazardous industrial waste based on the Cleaning Act Enforcement Order (for mercury, 0.005mg (0.005mg) in test solution 11).
It is necessary to recover the mercury by treating the mercury at a concentration of mercury (ppm) or less.

For fluorescent lamps that are defective in the manufacturing process or have reached the end of their lifespan, we separate and remove the phosphor material coated on the inner surface of the glass tube and the mercury attached to it, and recover clean glass material. Methods that have been studied can be roughly divided into dry methods such as sieving and stirring methods, and wet methods such as drum rotation cleaning methods and ultrasonic cleaning methods.

The biggest drawback of the dry method is that it is less effective in separating and removing adhered substances such as mercury than the wet method currently being considered, which uses water or acid solutions. The effect of removing mercury from the electrodes and base of the lamp end is extremely poor.

In addition, dry methods such as the sieving method and the stirring method require a long processing time and are problematic in terms of occupational safety and health management in the workplace, as they cause significant scattering of dust such as mercury, fluorescent substances, and glass powder. It is also necessary to take measures to prevent secondary pollution such as surrounding pollution, and a large amount of money will be spent on these measures.

On the other hand, the drum-rotating wet method requires the glass to violently collide with each other during the cleaning process, generating a large amount of glass fragments and fine powder, and the continuous flow water method requires a considerable amount of water. exists as a drawback.

In addition, with the ultrasonic cleaning method, it is difficult to select cleaning conditions such as ultrasonic power, source device, method of inserting the cleaning object, amount of water, etc., and the removal effect of attached substances is poor, especially for end-of-life fluorescent lamps. Not suitable for playback.

Furthermore, both the dry method and the wet method described above crush the fluorescent lamp to make the glass fragments about 15 mm in diameter, or round the glass fragments to make them easier to handle. To break the glass into pieces.
It is necessary to provide a separate crushing device for bright lamps.
This will only increase the cost.

Purpose of the invention The present invention solves the problems of each of the conventional methods.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste fluorescent lamp processing device capable of effectively removing mercury from a base portion.

Structure of the Invention The device of the present invention has mercury sealed inside a glass tube, an electrode and a cap at the end of the glass tube, and a phosphor film formed on the inner surface of the glass tube. A fluorescent lamp cutting device separates a fluorescent lamp into a glass tube portion, an electrode, and a cap portion by cutting the fluorescent lamp; a cleaning liquid is stored inside the fluorescent lamp; a lid that can be opened and closed is attached to the bottom; It has first and second storage tanks that respectively accommodate an electrode and a mouthpiece, and first and second rotary blades provided in the first and second storage tanks, respectively, and the first and second rotary blades are provided in the cleaning liquid. The first and second rotary blades rotate in a cycle of rotating in one direction, stopping, and rotating in the other direction, respectively,
The rotation of the first rotary blade crushes the glass tube into small pieces of glass in the cleaning liquid, and removes the phosphor film attached to the glass surface and the mercury attached to the phosphor film. a first and a second stirrer for removing mercury adhering to the electrode and the mouthpiece in the cleaning solution, respectively, by the rotation of the second rotary blade; and removing the phosphor film and the mercury from the surface of the glass piece. a first collection device that collects the small glass pieces taken out of the first storage tank when the lid of the first storage tank is opened; The device is equipped with a second recovery device that recovers the electrode and the cap portion taken out of the second storage tank by opening the lid of the second storage tank after being removed, and discards the electrode and the cap part. The value must be below the criteria for hazardous industrial waste based on the Enforcement Order of the Law Concerning the Treatment and Cleaning of Materials, and as a result, it can be used as a material for glass recycling. It is also extremely effective in terms of pollution control, as it can reduce the amount of mercury in the air to below the same criteria.

Description of examples Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The waste fluorescent lamp processing apparatus of this embodiment is applicable to waste fluorescent lamps whose glass tubes are made of, for example, soda glass (hereinafter referred to as type A glass) and waste lamps whose glass tubes are made of, for example, lead glass (hereinafter referred to as type B glass). This is a device for processing fluorescent lamps and exhaust capillary tubes (generally made of lead glass, so this will also be referred to as B type glass hereinafter), and each is shown in order from the top in the figure.

First, the treatment of waste fluorescent lamps made of type A glass will be explained.

A waste fluorescent lamp is cut and separated into a glass tube part, an electrode, and a cap part by the frame cutting mechanism 101 of the fluorescent lamp cutting device 1.

The cut and separated glass tube portions are conveyed via the conveyor 3 to a predetermined position by the skip conveyor 8, and stored in the first storage tank 11 with a certain amount of force applied thereto.

A predetermined amount of cleaning liquid is sent in advance from a cleaning liquid storage tank 18 by a water pump and stored in the first storage tank 11, and a lid 112 that can be opened and closed is attached to the bottom of the first storage tank 11.

Further, in the first storage tank 11, a first rotary blade is arranged in the cleaning liquid and rotates at a cycle of rotation in one direction, stop, and rotation in the other direction.
A stirrer 111 is provided.

Therefore, the glass tube part housed in the first storage tank 11 is crushed by the rotation of the first rotor blade in the cleaning liquid at a cycle of rotation in one direction, stop, rotation in the other direction, and the inner surface of the glass tube. The phosphor film attached to the phosphor film and the mercury attached thereon are sufficiently removed.

On the other hand, the electrode and cap part separated from the glass tube part are placed in a tray 61, guided to a conveyor 63, thrown into a hopper 64, carried through the conveyor 6 to a crusher 7, crushed, and then skipped. A certain amount of material is stored in the second storage tank 13 by the conveyor 10.

In the second storage tank 13, a fixed amount of cleaning liquid is stored in advance from the cleaning liquid storage tank 18 using a water pump, as in the case described above, and a lid 132 that can be opened and closed is attached to the bottom of the second storage tank 13.

Furthermore, in the second storage tank 13, a second agitator 131 is provided in which the second rotary blade rotates in the cleaning liquid at a cycle of rotation in one direction, stop, and rotation in the other direction, in the same manner as described above.

Therefore, the electrodes and the cap part housed in the second storage tank 13 are sufficiently cleaned of mercury by rotating the second rotor blade in the cleaning liquid at a cycle of rotation in one direction, stop, and rotation in the other direction. will be removed.

In the above case, in order to have good crushing and cleaning effects, the installation angle of the agitator shaft, the shape and number of rotary blades, the shape of the inside of the tank, etc. can be changed to achieve the desired reversal flow cleaning and jet flow. It is made so that it can be washed.

Further, so that the crushing and cleaning process can be repeated, when the first cleaning is completed for a predetermined period of time, the cleaning liquid is sent to the storage tank 17 as waste liquid through the corrosion-resistant mesh filter by the operation of the drainage pump.

Next, the new cleaning liquid is sent from the cleaning liquid storage tank 18 to the first storage tank 11 or the second storage tank 13 by the operation of the water pump, and then the second cleaning can be performed automatically. The number of times can be set in advance.

When the crushing and cleaning process is completed, the lower lid 112 or 132 of the first storage tank 11 or the second storage tank 13 is automatically opened and the small glass pieces are transferred to the net conveyor 113 or 13.
3 and guided to the drying device 14 or 16 for drying.

The rest will be described later.

Next, a description will be given of the treatment of a waste fluorescent lamp having glass of type B. In this case, the treatment is carried out in the same manner as in the case of the treatment of a waste fluorescent lamp having glass of type A.

That is, this waste fluorescent lamp is cut and separated into a glass tube part, an electrode, and a cap part by a fluorescent lamp cutting device 2, and the cut and separated glass tube part is guided to a skip conveyor 9 via a conveyor 4. The third rotary blade of the third agitator 121 is housed in the third storage tank 12 and rotates in the cleaning liquid stored therein at a cycle of rotation in one direction, one stop, and one rotation in the other direction. At the same time, the phosphor film adhering to the inner surface of the glass tube and the mercury adhering thereto are sufficiently removed.

The glass pieces from which the phosphor film and mercury have been removed are
When a lid 122 provided at the bottom of the third storage tank 12 is opened, the third storage tank 12 is placed on a net conveyor 123, guided to a drying device 15, and dried.

On the other hand, the cut and separated electrodes and cap portions are placed in a receiving tray 62, and thereafter processed in exactly the same manner as in the case of processing the electrodes and cap portions of a waste fluorescent lamp having type A glass described above.

Furthermore, to explain the processing of the exhaust capillary tube made of another type B glass, the exhaust capillary tube is guided to the conveyor 5, and a certain amount is stored in the second storage tank 12 by the skip conveyor 9.

Thereafter, mercury adhering to the exhaust tube is removed simultaneously or independently with the treatment of the glass tube section made of the above-mentioned B grade glass.

In addition, in the above, rollers are provided so that the glass pieces etc. on the net conveyor 113, 123 or 133 are spread out and lined up, and the cleaning effect is further enhanced by showering the cleaning liquid. It is made to dry easily.

Also, the cleaning waste liquid at that time is conveyed to the net conveyors 113 and 12.
3 or 133, the waste liquid receiving tank 114,
124 or 134.

After drying, the glass pieces or electrodes and the mouthpiece are transferred from the net conveyor 113, 124 or 133 to the hopper 141, 15.
1 or 161 and stored until a certain amount is reached, the lid 142, 152 or 162 is automatically opened and the food is placed into the transport vehicle 143, 153 or 163.

The hopper 141, the lid 142, and the carrier 143 constitute a first collection device.

Further, the hopper 161, the lid 162, and the carrier 163 constitute a second recovery device, and the hopper 151, the lid 152, and the carrier 153 constitute a third recovery device.

By the way, the waste liquid stored in the waste liquid storage tank 17 after the washing process is filtered after removing suspended pollutants such as phosphor particles, glass fine powder, and most harmful substances such as mercury in the coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 171. Water purification treatment is performed in a treatment tank 172, an activated carbon adsorption treatment tower 173, and a chelate resin treatment tower 174.

As a result, the concentration of harmful substances such as mercury and suspended solids is such that there is no problem at all even if the cleaning liquid is reused as a cleaning liquid for this glass recycling apparatus, and the cleaning liquid can be reused as a high-purity cleaning liquid.

That is, after passing through the waste liquid treatment system, by storing it in the cleaning liquid storage tank 18, it can be recycled and reused as the aforementioned cleaning liquid.

On the other hand, the precipitated substances (sludge containing harmful substances such as phosphor particles, glass fine powder, and mercury) separated in the coagulation and sedimentation treatment tank 171 are stored in the sludge liquid tank 175, and then stored in the sludge treatment equipment (centrifugal separator, The sludge is sent to a device (such as a vacuum dehydrator or a pressure dehydrator) 19 to turn it into sludge with a moisture content of 85% or less, and is transported by a transport vehicle 191 for proper disposal.

Note that mercury can be recovered from this sludge by processing it with another device (such as a rotary kiln carbonization device).

The fluorescent lamp cutting device 1 or 2 is the only part that generates dust in this fluorescent lamp processing device, and if a local exhaust facility 201 and exhaust gas processing device 20 are provided for each, it will be possible to ensure occupational safety in the workplace. There are no management problems, and there is no worry about secondary pollution such as surrounding pollution.

A specific example of implementing the waste fluorescent lamp processing apparatus of the present invention is as follows.

Example 1 Defective lamp in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing process (straight tube type, 4
0 W: FL 40) was carried out using the above-mentioned processing apparatus at a processing capacity of 1000 pieces per hour, and the recovery rate of reusable glass pieces after crushing and washing was about 80%.

In addition, the value of mercury, which was examined using the method for testing hazardous substances contained in industrial waste based on the Environment Agency's notification, was 0.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000. 0.005 ppm or less, and no other harmful substances were detected.

In addition, the electrodes and mouthpieces after the cleaning treatment were also below the criterion value, similar to the above.

In this case, the crushing and cleaning conditions are: crushing and cleaning time: 30 minutes;
Subsequently, the second cleaning time was 6 minutes, and the third cleaning time was 6 minutes, and the rotation conditions of the stirrer were 3 blades, 2 stages, the rotation axis angle of inclination of about 65 degrees, and the rotation speed of 300 r. ppm, reversal period clockwise rotation 60 seconds, stop 30 seconds, left direction rotation 60 seconds,
In addition, the shape of the storage tank is cylindrical with an inverted cone at the bottom, and the internal volume is 500.
A liter was used.

In addition, industrial water was used as the cleaning solution, and the wastewater after crushing and cleaning was purified, and the mercury concentration was 0.005.
ppm or less, no other harmful substances were detected, and the suspended mass (SS) was 20 ppm or less.

The shattered glass pieces were well rounded and about 14 m long.
It had a diameter of m.

Example 2 Defective lamp in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing process (round tube type, 3
0 W: FCL 30) was carried out using the above-mentioned processing apparatus at a processing capacity of 1000 bottles per hour, and as a result, exactly the same effect as described in Example 1 was obtained.

Example 3 The same effect as described in Example 1 was obtained as a result of processing glass capillary exhaust tubes used in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing process using the above processing equipment at a processing capacity of 125 kg per hour. .

Example 4 End-of-life fluorescent lamps (FL 4Q and FC
L 30) was carried out using the above-mentioned processing apparatus at a processing capacity of 1000 bottles per hour, and as a result, the same effect as described in Example 1 was obtained.

In this case, as the cleaning solution, a 7% concentration hydrochloric acid solution was used for the first crushing and cleaning treatment (10 minutes).
After dissolving and removing the phosphors and other substances attached to the glass surface, the second
2nd cleaning treatment (6 minutes) and 3rd cleaning treatment (6 minutes)
By using industrial water, the purity of the recovered glass material can be improved.

Effects of the invention As explained above, according to the invention, the glass tube section cut and separated by the fluorescent lamp cutting device is processed by rotating the rotary blade of the stirrer provided in the first storage tank in one direction in the cleaning liquid. By rotating at a cycle of one stop and one rotation in the other direction, the glass is crushed into small pieces, and the phosphor film attached to the surface of the glass pieces and the mercury attached thereto are sufficiently removed. It is possible to reduce the amount to below the criteria for hazardous industrial waste based on the Enforcement Ordinance of the Act on Waste Treatment and Cleaning, and furthermore, by sufficiently cleaning the surface of the glass pieces, it is possible to recycle the glass material. can.

In addition, the separated electrodes and mouthpieces can be separated by rotating the rotary blades of the stirrer installed in the second storage tank in the cleaning liquid at a cycle of rotation in one direction, one stop, and one rotation in the other direction. The mercury adhering to the water is also sufficiently removed, and it can also be reduced to below the criteria.

Therefore, it is possible to provide a waste fluorescent lamp processing device that is extremely effective from the standpoint of pollution control and resource reuse.

Moreover, according to the device of the present invention, the glass tube is crushed into small pieces of glass in the cleaning solution, so when the glass tube is crushed, the phosphor powder and mercury are not scattered, and it also generates noise. It does not cause any deterioration of the workplace environment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the waste fluorescent lamp processing apparatus of the present invention. 1, 2... Fluorescent lamp cutting device, 3, 4, 5
, 6.63...Conhair, 7...Crusher, 8,9.10...Skip conveyor, 11
...First storage tank, 12...Third storage tank, 13...Second storage tank, 14,15.16...
...Drying device, 17...Storage tank, 18...
...Washing liquid storage tank, 19...Sludge treatment device, 2
0... Exhaust gas treatment device, 61. 62...
...Saucer, 64...Hopper, 101...
...Frame cutting mechanism, 111...First agitator, 121...Third agitator, 131...
...Second stirrer, 112, 122, 132...
... Lid, 113, 123, 133 ... Net conveyor, 114, 124, 134 ... Waste liquid receiving tank, 141 , 151 , 161 ... Hopper, 142, 152, 162... Lid, 143,
153, 163, 191... transport vehicle, 171.
... Coagulation sedimentation treatment tank, 172 ... Filtration treatment tank, 173 ... Activated carbon adsorption treatment tower, 174.
... Chelate resin treatment tower, 175 ... Sludge liquid tank, 201 ... Local exhaust facility.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A glass tube is produced by cutting a fluorescent lamp, which has mercury sealed inside the glass tube, an electrode and a cap at the end of the glass tube, and a phosphor film formed on the inner surface of the glass tube. a fluorescent lamp cutting device that is separated into a part, an electrode, and a cap part; a first part, which stores a cleaning liquid inside, has a lid that can be opened and closed at the bottom, and houses the glass tube part, the electrode, and the cap part, respectively; and a second storage tank;
and a first and second rotary blades respectively provided in a second storage tank, and the first and second rotary blades are rotated in one direction, once stopped, and rotated in the other direction in the cleaning liquid. The rotation of the first rotary blade crushes the glass tube into glass pieces in the cleaning liquid, and also crushes the phosphor film attached to the surface of the glass piece and the top of the phosphor film. a first and a second stirrer for removing mercury attached to the electrode and the mouthpiece from the surface of the glass piece in the cleaning solution by rotation of the second rotary blade; a first recovery device for recovering the glass pieces taken out of the first storage tank when the lid of the first storage tank is opened after the phosphor film and the mercury are removed; and the electrodes. and a second recovery device that collects the electrode and the cap part taken out of the second storage tank by opening the lid of the second storage tank after the mercury is removed from the cap part. A waste fluorescent lamp processing device characterized by comprising: