JP2006201127A - Spectral device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spectral device for quickly analyzing composition of a measured object, wherein the device is miniaturized and properly carriable. <P>SOLUTION: The spectral device is provided with a light source 2 for emitting a light, a diffraction grating 3 for reflecting the light emitted from the light source 2 and separating it into monochromatic lights, a scanning means 4 for turning the diffraction grating 3 and irradiating the object T to be measured with a light within a predetermined wavelength range chosen from among the separated monochromatic lights, and a light-receiving means 8 for receiving a reflection light or a transmitted light from the object T where the reflected light or the transmitted light received is measured 8. The scanning means 4 turns the diffraction grating 3 via a motor 5 and a cranking mechanism 6 within a predetermined angle range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a spectroscopic device for irradiating an object to be measured with light in a predetermined wavelength region and measuring reflected light or transmitted light.

  It is generally performed to irradiate a measurement object made of agricultural products or the like with light in a predetermined wavelength region, measure a spectrum of reflected light or transmitted light, and analyze a specific component (such as moisture) of the measurement object. Various spectroscopic apparatuses for performing such component analysis have been proposed. As a general spectroscopic device, light from a light source can be separated into monochromatic light while being reflected by a diffraction grating, and the object to be measured (detector) can be irradiated with light in a predetermined wavelength region by rotating the diffraction grating. Things.

As a mechanism for rotationally driving the diffraction grating in the spectroscopic device, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a feed screw that is rotationally driven by a motor, and the longitudinal direction is moved by the rotation of the feed screw. And a sine bar connecting the carrier and the diffraction grating, and by rotating the motor, the carrier is moved to a predetermined position, and the diffraction bar is moved to an arbitrary angle by the action of the sine bar. The structure of the structure to rotate is proposed conventionally. In this way, by rotating the diffraction grating to an arbitrary angle, it is possible to selectively irradiate the object to be measured with only light in a predetermined wavelength region out of the light separated and reflected by the diffraction grating. It was.
No. 6-7337

  However, the conventional spectroscopic device has a problem that it takes a long time for measurement. That is, since the feed screw is rotated to operate the carrier and sine bar to rotate the diffraction grating, high-speed response is poor and backlash of the feed screw needs to be considered. When performing multiple measurements for one sample to measure well, it is necessary to return the carrier and sine bar to the origin position when one measurement is completed and the next measurement is performed. It ends up.

  However, when trying to improve high-speed response, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a high-speed motor that can rotate the feed screw at high speed is adopted, and a low-speed motor is arbitrarily connected for fine adjustment. However, in this case, there is a problem in that a connecting mechanism for connecting a low-speed motor for fine adjustment and a feed screw is separately required, resulting in an increase in size of the apparatus. Further, the sine bar is required to have a relatively large size in the feed direction (longitudinal direction of the feed screw), so that the apparatus becomes more complicated and large, and is difficult to carry.

  Therefore, for example, when trying to judge the growth status of agricultural products etc. from a specific amount of ingredients, it becomes difficult to measure on-site such as farms, and after collecting agricultural products etc. from the locality, it is used in laboratories and laboratories. Since it was necessary to carry the component analysis to a separate place where the spectroscopic device was installed, the workability for the analysis was poor, and the analysis results could not be obtained quickly on site. It was.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a spectroscopic device capable of performing component analysis of an object to be measured more quickly and miniaturizing the device to enable good carrying. There is.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light source capable of irradiating light, a diffraction grating capable of separating the light emitted from the light source into monochromatic light while reflecting the light, and rotating the diffraction grating to separate the monochromatic light. Of the reflected light received by the light receiving means, the scanning means capable of irradiating the object to be measured with light in a predetermined wavelength region and the light receiving means capable of receiving reflected light or transmitted light from the object to be measured. Alternatively, in the spectroscopic device for measuring transmitted light, the scanning unit rotates the diffraction grating within a predetermined angle range through a rotation driving unit and a crank mechanism.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to the first aspect, when the light source is assembled at a predetermined position of the spectroscopic device, the position and angle of the light emitting filament are always constant with respect to the diffraction grating. And a halogen lamp in which the width of the filament in the resolution direction is set to be small.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to the first or second aspect, zero-order light in which an angle of light incident on the diffraction grating and an angle of reflected light coincide with each other is detected. Control means for performing wavelength correction by setting the angle of the diffraction grating when zero-order light is detected as the origin is provided.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to any one of the first to third aspects, a holder for supporting the measurement object at the measurement position is provided, and the measurement object is not at the measurement position. Further, a calibration plate for calibrating the monochromatic light separated by the diffraction grating by reflecting it to the light receiving means is formed on the holder.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the light in a predetermined wavelength region to be irradiated on the object to be measured is a near infrared ray of at least 1100 nm to 2500 nm. A rotation range of the diffraction grating is set.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, an operation for obtaining a specific component of an object to be measured based on reflected light or transmitted light received by the light receiving means. Means are provided.

  A seventh aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the spectroscopic device according to the sixth aspect of the invention, the object to be measured whose specific component is obtained by the computing means is an agricultural product, a marine product, a livestock product, soil, or compost.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the spectroscopic device according to the seventh aspect, the specific component obtained by the computing means includes at least one of a moisture content, a compound containing nitrogen, or a compound containing carbon. And

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the scanning means rotates the diffraction grating within a predetermined angle range via the rotation driving means and the crank mechanism, so that the high-speed response is excellent and the component analysis of the object to be measured is further performed. In addition to being able to be performed quickly, the apparatus can be reduced in size and can be carried well as compared with a conventional spectroscopic apparatus using a sine bar or the like.

  According to the invention of claim 2, when the light source is assembled at a predetermined position of the spectroscopic device, the position and angle of the filament that emits light are always constant with respect to the diffraction grating. It is possible to eliminate the need for a slit between the two. That is, when exchanging the light source, conventionally, it was necessary to pass the slit until reaching the diffraction grating in order to make the optical axis of the irradiated light constant. By making the angle always constant, such a slit can be made unnecessary. Accordingly, it is possible to simplify the apparatus configuration, and it becomes unnecessary to perform an adjustment operation using a slit, and it is possible to improve workability for adjusting the optical axis.

  Furthermore, since the light source is composed of a halogen lamp in which the width of the filament in the resolution direction is set small, the resolution can be increased, the detection waveform of light received by the light receiving means can be sharpened, and more It is possible to measure an object to be measured with high accuracy.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the control means for correcting the wavelength by setting the angle of the diffraction grating when zero-order light is detected as the origin, the concave mirror and the diffraction grating are attached, and the light source is replaced. In addition to errors due to mechanical distortion that occurs in the environment, errors due to thermal expansion and contraction of components caused by temperature fluctuations in the environment, errors due to changes over time, etc. can be corrected without adjusting the slit etc., It is possible to measure an object to be measured with higher accuracy with a simple configuration.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the calibration plate for calibrating by reflecting the monochromatic light separated by the diffraction grating to the light receiving means when the object to be measured is not at the measurement position is formed on the holder, Compared with the apparatus provided with the calibration plate, the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the calibration work can be performed more smoothly.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since the rotation range of the diffraction grating is set so that the light in the predetermined wavelength region irradiated on the object to be measured becomes near infrared light of at least 1100 nm to 2500 nm. For example, it is possible to cover a general range when used for component analysis of agricultural products or the like while minimizing the rotation range.

  According to the inventions of claims 6 to 8, specific components, that is, nitrogen compounds, amino acids, proteins, amines, amides, ammonium salts, nitrates, nitrites, etc., carbon compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, aromas In the case of agricultural products, the growth status of agricultural products, in the case of marine products, the freshness of fish and shellfishes, the amount of fat, etc. In the case of livestock products, it is possible to know the maturity, freshness, etc. of meat and the like, and it is possible to quickly take appropriate measures on the spot by objective and accurate judgment based on numerical data.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The spectroscopic device according to this embodiment is for irradiating a measurement object such as a fresh leaf with light in a predetermined wavelength region and measuring the reflected light or transmitted light. As shown in FIG. 1, a light source 2, a diffraction grating 3, a scanning means 4 including a motor 5 and a crank mechanism 6 as rotation driving means, a light receiving means 8, concave mirrors 19 and 20, a slit 22, and a condenser lens 21. The control unit 11 and the holder 24 are mainly configured.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the spectroscopic device body 1 is composed of a substantially sealed box-shaped housing, and can accommodate the above-described plurality of components in an internal space. As shown in FIG. 4, a light source mounting member 25 having an opening on the front side is fixed to a predetermined position in the internal space of the spectroscopic device body 1, and the light source 2 is assembled inside the light source mounting member 25. It is configured as follows.

  The light source 2 is composed of a halogen lamp that can emit light from the filament 2c. A flange 2a extends from the base 2d in the circumferential direction, and a notch 2b is formed in a part of the flange 2a. Yes. On the other hand, the light source mounting member 25 is formed with an insertion hole 25a through which the base 2d of the light source 2 can be inserted, and a convex strip 25b having a shape corresponding to the notch 2b, and the base 2d is inserted into the insertion hole 25a. When the light source 2 is assembled, the flange 2a comes into contact with the opening peripheral edge of the insertion hole 25a, and the protruding portion 25b can be fitted and fitted into the notch 2b.

  Thus, when the light source 2 is assembled in the apparatus, the position and angle of the filament 2c that emits light with respect to the diffraction grating 3 are always constant, and a slit for adjusting the optical axis of the light from the light source 2 is not required. Thus, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified, and the adjustment work using the slit is not required, and the workability for adjusting the optical axis can be improved. However, when using a light source that may be displaced in the position and angle of the filament, a slit is formed before reaching the concave mirror 19 in order to make the optical axis of light irradiated to the concave mirror 19 described later constant. Whereas it is necessary to pass through, according to the present embodiment, such a slit can be made unnecessary.

  Further, since the filament 2c of the light source 2 is set to have a small width t in the diffraction grating, that is, the width t in the resolution direction, the resolution increases and the spectrum of the light received by the light receiving means 8 becomes sharper. Therefore, the measurement object T can be measured with higher accuracy. According to the filament 2c, the width t in the resolution direction is small and a larger amount of light reaches the concave mirror 19, so that the width in the resolution direction is large and a slit is required before reaching the diffraction grating 3. The amount of light that can be irradiated to the measurement object T can be increased as compared with the above.

  The diffraction grating 3 is capable of separating light emitted from the light source 2 (light reaching through the concave mirror 19) into monochromatic light while reflecting it. More specifically, as shown in FIG. Incident light λ0 can be separated into a plurality of monochromatic lights λ1 to λ4 and reflected, for example. In addition, the diffraction grating 3 can be rotated around a rotation axis L by a scanning unit 4 described later, and light of a predetermined wavelength among the separated monochromatic light can be irradiated to the object T. Yes.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the light emitted from the light source 2 is incident on the diffraction grating 3 through the concave mirror 19, and the reflected light having a predetermined wavelength passes through the concave mirror 20 and the condenser lens 21. It is comprised so that the to-be-measured object T can be irradiated via. The light traveling from the concave mirror 20 toward the condenser lens 21 is configured to pass through the slit 22. Then, the reflected light from the measurement object T is received by the light receiving means 8.

  The light received by the light receiving means 8 is converted into an electric signal as a detection value, transmitted to the amplifier 12, amplified by the amplifier 12, and then digitally converted by the A / D converter 13, and the control means. 11 is transmitted. The light receiving means 8 is formed with a temperature control means 17 so that the temperature of the light receiving means 8 can always be kept constant and the measurement accuracy can be maintained.

Further, a shutter 14 is disposed between the object T to be measured and the light receiving means 8, and the shutter 14 is opened and closed by a motor 15 controlled by a shutter drive circuit 16, and light is received from the object T to be measured. The reflected light reaching the means 8 is allowed or blocked.
The shutter drive circuit 16 closes the shutter 14 when one measurement is completed and shields the reflected light reaching the light receiving means 8. When the diffraction grating returns to the origin, the shutter drive circuit 16 opens the shutter 14 and reflects the reflected light reaching the light receiving means 8. The shutter 14 is driven so as to allow.
Thereby, the dark current in the light receiving means 8 at the time of shielding can be measured, and the measurement value when the light receiving means 8 receives the reflected light of the measurement object T can be corrected using the measured value. . In addition, by measuring the dark current before the diffraction grating 3 described later returns to the origin, it is possible to efficiently perform the measurement and improve the measurement accuracy.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the scanning unit 4 includes a motor 4, a crank mechanism 6, and a wave gear device 23. The scanning unit 4 rotates the diffraction grating 3 around the rotation axis L and separates it. Of the monochromatic light, light having a predetermined wavelength can be irradiated toward the object T to be measured. That is, by rotating the diffraction grating 3, as shown in FIG. 3, light having a predetermined wavelength among the separated monochromatic light is selectively irradiated onto the object T to be measured via the concave mirror 20 and the condenser lens 21. The reflected light can be received by the light receiving means 8.

  The wave gear device 23 is a kind of a speed reduction mechanism called a so-called harmonic drive mechanism, and mainly includes three components, that is, a wave generator, a flex spline, and a circular spline (not shown). The wave generator is a part in which a thin ball bearing is fitted on the outer periphery of an elliptical cam. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the cam, and the outer ring can be elastically deformed via the ball.

  The flexspline is a thin cup-shaped metal elastic body with a plurality of teeth formed on the outer periphery of the opening, and the circular spline consisting of a rigid ring-shaped part is formed on the inner periphery of the flexspline. Two more teeth are formed. With these components, a high reduction ratio can be obtained by applying the elastic mechanics of metal, and a small and lightweight reduction mechanism can be configured.

  The crank mechanism 6 transmits the driving force of the motor 5 output via the wave gear device 23 to the diffraction grating 3, and rotates the diffraction grating 3 within a predetermined angle range. As shown in FIG. 4, the first arm 6a and the second arm 6b are mainly configured. One end of the first arm 6a is swingably connected to the output shaft K of the wave gear device 23, and the other end is swingably connected to one end of the second arm 6b. The other end is connected to the rotation axis L of the diffraction grating 3.

  Thus, when the motor 5 is driven, the diffraction grating 3 rotates within the range of the predetermined angle α (for example, preferably within the range of 0 to 30 °) with the rotation axis L as the center by the action of the crank mechanism 6. Because it moves (see Fig. 6), it is excellent in high-speed response, allows the component analysis of the object T to be measured more quickly, and reduces the size of the device compared to a conventional spectroscopic device using a sine bar or the like. Can be carried well.

  That is, in the conventional spectroscopic device using a feed screw and a sine bar, it is necessary to return the sine bar to the origin position when one measurement is completed and the next measurement is performed in consideration of the adverse effects of backlash. Whereas the measurement takes a long time, according to the present embodiment, if the motor 5 continues to rotate in one direction, the diffraction grating 3 rotates within a predetermined angle range, so that it returns to the origin position. Thus, the measurement time can be shortened, and measurement in a short time can be made possible.

  However, in the spectroscopic device according to the present embodiment, the rotation range of the diffraction grating 3 is set so that light in a predetermined wavelength region irradiated on the measurement target T becomes a near-infrared ray of at least 1100 nm to 2500 nm. . Thereby, it is possible to cover a general range when, for example, used for component analysis of agricultural products while minimizing the rotation range of the diffraction grating 3.

  Further, in the conventional spectroscopic device using the feed screw, the high-speed response was lacking, but according to the present embodiment, the diffraction grating 3 is rotated within a predetermined angle range by the crank mechanism. In addition to being excellent in high-speed response, the driving force is transmitted via the wave gear device 23, so that the diffraction grating 3 can be rotated smoothly and accurately. Furthermore, a small motor 5 and a wave gear device 23 can be used, and the device can be miniaturized and can be easily carried compared to those using a feed screw or a sine bar.

  An encoder 9 for detecting these rotation angles is disposed in the vicinity of the motor 3 or the wave gear device 23, and the encoder 9 is electrically connected to the wavelength position detection device 10. The wavelength position detection device 10 includes a readable / writable memory and the like, and grasps the wavelength region of monochromatic light emitted from the diffraction grating 3 to the object T to be measured based on the detected angle value by the encoder 9. Configured to get.

  That is, since the rotation angle of the diffraction grating 3 can be uniquely grasped from the detection value (that is, the rotation angle of the motor 3) by the encoder 9, the predetermined wavelength of the monochromatic light that will be irradiated to the object T is determined. The wavelength of the monochromatic light can be recognized by storing a table or the like in which the detection value of the encoder 9 is compared with the predetermined wavelength of the monochromatic light to be recognized in the memory of the wavelength position detecting device 10 in advance. Can be grasped immediately.

  Furthermore, the wavelength position detection apparatus 10 is electrically connected to the control unit 11 and transmits the grasped predetermined wavelength (predetermined wavelength of monochromatic light irradiated to the object T) to the control unit 11. Configured to get. By the way, as described above, the detection value from the light receiving means 8 is transmitted to the control means 11 as an electric signal, and the detection value and the predetermined wavelength transmitted from the wavelength position detection device 10 are matched. Reflected light spectrum data is created based on the obtained data.

  The control means 11 is electrically connected to a motor drive circuit 7 for controlling the drive of the motor 5 and is connected to a connector (not shown) that can communicate with the outside of the spectroscopic device body 1. It is configured to be electrically connected to an external personal computer (personal computer) 18 (calculation means) for performing component analysis via such a connector. The personal computer 18 and the control means 11 are connected by the USB cable H. However, other communication means such as a serial cable may be used, or a cable is unnecessary using a wireless LAN or the like. Also good.

  The personal computer 18 obtains a specific component of the measured object T based on the reflected light received by the light receiving means 8, and specifically, the measured object T from the reflected light spectrum data created by the control means 11. It is configured to calculate and display specific components such as moisture therein. The measured object T for which a specific component is required by the personal computer 18 is preferably an agricultural product (raw leaves in the present embodiment), a marine product, a livestock product, soil, or compost, and the required specific component includes a water content, It preferably contains at least one of a nitrogen compound or a carbon compound. As a result, it is possible to grasp the growth status of agricultural products on a farm, for example, and to perform appropriate measures quickly, as well as to numerical data as compared to the conventional method for grasping the growth status of agricultural products visually. This makes it possible to make an objective and accurate judgment based on this, and is effective for harvesting agricultural products at a high yield.

  More specifically, specific components, ie, nitrogen compounds, amino acids, proteins, amines, amides, ammonium salts, nitrates, nitrites, etc., carbon compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, etc., or water content In the case of agricultural products, the growth status of agricultural products, in the case of marine products, the freshness of fish and shellfishes, the amount of fat, etc. It is possible to know the maturity, freshness, etc. of meat and the like, and it is possible to promptly perform appropriate treatment on the spot by objective and accurate judgment based on numerical data.

Next, a specific component calculation method by the personal computer 18 will be described below. That is, a reflected light measurement value on a calibration plate 26 (standard calibration plate) described later is acquired in advance,
Absorbance A = log (Measured value of reflected light on calibration plate 26 / Measured value of reflected light on object T)
The absorbance A is obtained by the following equation, and the absorbance A is obtained for the reflected light of each wavelength.

Then, a calibration formula based on the correlation between the absorbance obtained for a sample with a specific component content and a specific component content G (%) (G (%) = KA + K1 · A1 + K2 · A2 +... + Kn · An )
Is used to determine the content G (%). KA is a constant term (bias value), Kn is a coefficient of the nth reflected light, and An is an absorbance obtained from the nth reflected light. Here, the calculation means 11 stores a calibration formula based on the above-mentioned correlation, and obtains and displays the content rate G (%) of the specific component in the DUT T.

  On the other hand, the object T to be measured is configured to be supported at a predetermined measurement position by a holder 24 (see FIG. 2) formed on the side surface of the spectroscopic apparatus body 1. As shown in FIG. 7, the holder 24 includes a holding portion 24 a that can be brought into contact with or separated from the opening periphery of the opening 1 a formed in the spectroscope main body 1, and the holding portion 24 a that is an opening of the opening 1 a. And a spring SP biased to the edge side.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5A, the clamping portion 24a is separated from the opening 1a against the biasing force of the spring SP, and the measured object T such as fresh leaves is inserted into the generated gap, and then the spring By returning the holding part 24a to the original state by the urging force of SP, the measurement object T can be held at the measurement position. In the state to be measured and the state in which the object to be measured T is sandwiched, the sandwiching portion 24a is in a state of closing the opening 1a, so that the inside of the spectroscopic device body 1 is kept sealed and disturbance light does not enter the spectroscopic device. It becomes.

  Further, a white calibration plate 26 is formed in the clamping part 24a, and as shown in FIG. 5B, when the measurement object T is not in the geodetic position (that is, the measurement object is measured in the clamping part 24a). When T is not sandwiched, the monochromatic light separated by the diffraction grating 3 can be reflected by the light receiving means 8. Thus, the “reflected light measurement value on the calibration plate 26” described above can be obtained, and the absorbance A can be obtained.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the calibration plate 26 is formed integrally with the holder 24, and the monochromatic light separated by the diffraction grating 3 is reflected to the light receiving means 8 when the measurement object T is not at the geodetic position. Since calibration is possible, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified and the calibration operation can be performed more smoothly than in the case where a calibration plate (standard plate) is separately provided. The calibration plate 26 is sufficient if the spectral data in a predetermined wavelength region (for example, 1100 to 2500 nm) is known, and the calibration plate 26 may be other color instead of white.

  Thus, when the concave mirrors 19 and 20 and the diffraction grating 3 are attached, errors due to thermal expansion and contraction of components caused by temperature fluctuations in the environment (error due to temperature distortion) in addition to errors due to mechanical distortion caused when the light source 2 is replaced. When an error due to a change with time occurs, the measurement error may exceed an allowable value. However, in the present embodiment, the control means 11 performs zero-order light correction so that the measurement error can be suppressed. ing. That is, when the object T to be measured is not located at the geodetic position, the zero-order light in which the angle of the light incident on the diffraction grating 3 and the angle of the reflected light coincide with each other is detected by the light receiving means 8, and the zero-order light is detected. The angle of the diffraction grating 3 at the time of detection is transmitted to and stored in the wavelength position detection device 10, and wavelength correction is performed by using this as the origin. That is, by detecting the origin position of the diffraction grating 3, the rotation angle of the diffraction grating 3 from the origin position can be known by the wave gear device 23 or the encoder 9 attached to the motor 4. The predetermined wavelength of the monochromatic light to be irradiated can be grasped. Therefore, errors due to mechanical strain, temperature strain, and the like can be corrected without adjusting a slit or the like, and the measurement object T can be measured with higher accuracy with a simple configuration.

  According to the above-described embodiment, since the diffraction grating 3 is configured to rotate within a predetermined angle range, it is possible to cover a predetermined wavelength region necessary for a limited application (for example, grasping the growing status of agricultural products). Measurement time can be further shortened. In addition, if the crank mechanism 6 is changed (for example, the dimension change of the 1st arm 6a or the 2nd arm 6b etc.) according to the use of the application to apply, the predetermined wavelength range to cover can be expanded or reduced.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the motor 5 and the crank mechanism 6 may be directly connected without using the wave gear device 23, or Instead of the personal computer 18 as the calculation means, a small microcomputer or the like may be installed in the spectroscopic device body 1. Further, in the present embodiment, the reflected light of the object T to be measured is received by the light receiving means 8 and the component analysis is performed. Instead, the light (transmitted light) transmitted through the object T to be measured is used. It is good also as what receives light by a light-receiving means and performs a component analysis etc. Further, the light source 2 may be in another form as long as the light source 2 is processed so that the position and angle of the light emitting filament are always constant with respect to the diffraction grating 3 when assembled in the apparatus. Still further, instead of providing a holder in the spectroscopic main body 1, light of a predetermined wavelength emitted from the diffraction grating is taken out by an optical fiber, and a holder is provided at the end of the optical fiber to reflect or transmit light from the object to be measured. The light receiving means may be irradiated with light using an optical fiber.

  Any spectroscopic device provided with scanning means for rotating a diffraction grating within a predetermined angle range via a rotation driving means and a crank mechanism may be applied to one having a different external shape or having other functions added. be able to.

The block diagram which shows typically the whole structure of the spectrometer concerning embodiment of this invention Perspective view showing the appearance of the spectrometer Schematic diagram showing the main components and their arrangement in the spectrometer Schematic diagram showing the light source in the spectrometer Schematic diagram showing incident light (light emitted from the light source) and reflected light (separated monochromatic light) in the diffraction grating of the spectroscopic device Schematic diagram showing the rotation range of the diffraction grating of the spectrometer It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the holder of the spectroscopic device and the vicinity thereof, (a) a state in which the clamping part is separated (b) a state in which there is no object

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spectrometer main body 2 Light source 2a Flange 2b Notch 2c Filament 3 Diffraction grating 4 Scanning means 5 Motor (rotation drive means)
6 Crank Mechanism 7 Motor Drive Circuit 8 Light Receiving Means 9 Encoder 10 Wavelength Position Detection Device 11 Control Means 12 Amplifier 13 A / D Converter 14 Shutter 15 Motor 16 Shutter Drive Circuit 17 Temperature Control Means 18 Personal Computer (Calculation Means)
19, 20 Concave mirror 21 Condensing lens 22 Slit 23 Wave gear device 24 Holder 25 Light source mounting member 26 Calibration plate T Object to be measured

Claims (8)

A light source capable of emitting light;
A diffraction grating capable of separating the monochromatic light while reflecting the light emitted from the light source;
A scanning unit capable of rotating the diffraction grating and irradiating the object to be measured with light in a predetermined wavelength region among the separated monochromatic light;
A light receiving means capable of receiving reflected light or transmitted light from the measurement object;
In a spectroscopic device for measuring reflected light or transmitted light received by the light receiving means,
The spectroscopic apparatus, wherein the scanning unit rotates the diffraction grating within a predetermined angle range via a rotation driving unit and a crank mechanism.   When the light source is assembled at a predetermined position of the spectroscopic device, the position and angle of the light emitting filament are always constant with respect to the diffraction grating, and the width of the filament in the resolution direction is set to be small. The spectroscopic apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a lamp.   Wavelength correction is performed by detecting zero-order light in which the angle of light incident on the diffraction grating coincides with the angle of reflected light, and using the angle of the diffraction grating when the zero-order light is detected as the origin. The spectroscopic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that performs the operation.   A calibration plate that includes a holder for supporting the object to be measured at the measurement position, and reflects the monochromatic light separated by the diffraction grating to the light receiving means when the object to be measured is not at the measurement position. The spectroscopic device according to claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic device is formed on the holder.   The rotation range of the diffraction grating is set so that light in a predetermined wavelength region irradiated on the measurement object becomes near infrared light of at least 1100 nm to 2500 nm. The spectroscopic device according to any one of the above.   6. The spectroscopic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a calculation unit that obtains a specific component of the measurement object based on reflected light or transmitted light received by the light receiving unit.   The spectroscopic apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the object to be measured for which the specific component is calculated by the calculating means is an agricultural product, a marine product, a livestock product, soil, or compost.   The spectroscopic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the specific component obtained by the computing means includes at least one of a moisture content, a compound containing nitrogen, or a compound containing carbon.

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