JP2006187737A - Method for establishing operation target value of various apparatuses at the time of raw material switching - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for establishing an operation target value which is capable of automatically establishing an optimal final operation target value upon operating an apparatus such as a normal pressure distillation apparatus and the like when the switch of a raw material arises. <P>SOLUTION: The method for establishing the operation target value of the various apparatuses at the time of the raw material switching comprises correlating data relating to the raw material treatment amount, data relating to the type of the raw material, data relating to the raw material of the individual type when the raw material is consisting of two or more types, data relating to apparatus operation including the amount of the withdrawal, the column top temperature and the column top flow rate and data relating to the quality of the fraction, accumulating them as the operation track record data in the data base, inputting the conditions relating to the raw material treatment amount after the switching, the conditions relating to the type of the raw material and the conditions relating to the quality of the fraction at the time of the switching and searching similar one or more among the operation track record data accumulated in the data base to establish the target value based on the operation track record data found at the result of the searching. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for setting an operation target value of an apparatus when a raw material is switched in an apparatus such as an atmospheric distillation apparatus for crude oil in petroleum refining, for example.

For example, an atmospheric distillation apparatus for crude oil in petroleum refining describes crude oil as supplied raw material as LP gas (hereinafter referred to as LPG), naphtha (hereinafter referred to as FRN), kerosene (hereinafter referred to as KERO). ), Light gas oil (hereinafter referred to as LGO), heavy gas oil (hereinafter referred to as HGO), and the like.
FIG. 6 schematically shows the configuration of the atmospheric distillation apparatus.
In the atmospheric distillation apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of crude oil tanks A, B, C... Storing different types of crude oil and the crude oil supplied from these crude oil tanks A, B, C. And a stripper 102 for expelling a light fraction from the mixed solution obtained by fractional distillation in the distillation column 101. Then, LPG is fractionated in the distillation column 101, and FRN, KERO, LGO, and HGO are fractionated in the stripper 102.

In such a conventional atmospheric distillation apparatus 100, the crude oil in each of the crude oil tanks A, B, C... Is blended, and the blended crude oil is sent to the distillation column 101 while the flow rate is adjusted by the flow rate control valve 105. Yes. At this time, the flow rate provided between the crude oil supply unit 104 and each of the crude oil tanks A, B, C... So that the amount of crude oil in each of the crude oil tanks A, B, C. The control valves 103a, 103b, 103c,... Adjust the flow rate (processing amount) of the crude oil supplied from the respective crude oil tanks A, B, C,.
As described above, the API specific gravity method (specific gravity display method established by the American Petroleum Institute) is generally used as an index for crude oil blending when blending multiple types of crude oil.

  By the way, since the extraction amount (yield) of each fraction at the cut point (distillation temperature) differs for each type of crude oil, when the type of crude oil supplied to the distillation column 101 is switched, the crude oil after switching It is necessary to switch the operating conditions of the atmospheric distillation apparatus 100 (conditions including the column top temperature, the column top flow rate, the amount of each fraction extracted, etc.) according to the type of the column.

  For example, FRN is the end point (EP), KERO is 95% distillation temperature, LGO is 90% distillation temperature, and HGO controls the amount of extraction with color properties as targets (see JIS 2254, for example) When switching to crude oil of different oil types or mixed crude oil with different oil type composition, the extraction amount is controlled to the extraction amount according to the crude oil in order to keep the properties of FRN constant, and this affects the extraction amount of KERO. Will receive. Further, if the extraction amount is controlled to be the extraction amount corresponding to the crude oil in order to keep the property of KERO constant, this will affect the extraction amount of LGO.

  Thus, if the extraction amount is controlled to the extraction amount according to the crude oil in order to keep the properties of one fraction constant, the influence will affect the extraction amount of the other fractions. The amount of withdrawal must be controlled for each fraction according to the crude oil that has been switched, taking into account the impact.

As a method for setting a new operation target value after the crude oil switch, for example, a simulation method can be used.
However, the simulation method has a problem that it is difficult to create a target model in advance using the same crude oil as that actually used after switching, and an accurate target set value cannot be obtained.
Patent Document 1 discloses a technique relating to a distillation column and a distillation column start-up method that can shorten the start-up time of the distillation column.
However, since this technique is based on the condition that the distillation column is designed in advance based on the result obtained by a predetermined simulation, there is a problem that it cannot be applied to an existing atmospheric distillation apparatus.
JP 2003-135902 A

For this reason, the operator in charge of the operation of the atmospheric distillation apparatus 100 currently sets the final operation target value based on past experience.
However, setting the final operation target value based on the operator's past experience tends to cause variations in the quality of fractions depending on the operator's skill level, and it takes time and money to train skilled operators. There is. Furthermore, there is a problem that work that involves human intervention is inefficient.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. For example, in an atmospheric distillation apparatus for crude oil, an optimum final operation target value so as to appropriately maintain the properties of the fractions fractionated at the time of crude oil switching. In addition, for example, in kerosene oil desulfurization equipment and chemical reaction equipment, it is possible to automatically set the optimum final operation target value so that the properties of products manufactured at the time of raw material switching are properly maintained. An object of the present invention is to provide an operation target value setting method for various devices at the time of material switching, which can improve work efficiency, reduce costs, and stabilize the quality of fractions.

  As a result of earnest research by the inventors of the present invention, a search is performed based on conditions such as the type and throughput of the raw material after the raw material switching from the accumulation of past operation result data, and the above-mentioned after the raw oil switching The object of the present invention is achieved by extracting operation result data that matches or resembles the conditions, and setting an optimum operation target value based on the extracted one or more operation result data.

  Specifically, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the raw material is switched, the operation target value setting of various devices at the time of the raw material switching is automatically controlled so as to satisfy the properties of each fraction. In the method, from the past operation results, data on raw material processing amount, data on raw material type, and when the raw material is a mixed raw material composed of a plurality of types of raw materials, the individual raw materials constituting the mixed raw material Data, data relating to the operation of the apparatus including the extraction amount, the tower top temperature and the tower top flow rate, and the data relating to the quality of the fractions are associated with each operation result, and stored in the database as operation result data; The conditions regarding the raw material throughput after switching, the conditions regarding the type of the raw material, and the conditions regarding the quality of the fraction were entered and stored in the database. A step of searching for one or a plurality of similar driving performance data from the driving performance data, and a step of setting operation target values of various devices based on the driving performance data found as a result of the search It is the method which has these.

When a plurality of similar driving performance data is found in the search step, as described in claim 2, when setting a driving target value based on a weighted average of the plurality of driving performance data found Good.
In the present invention, case-based reasoning can be used as described in claim 3 when searching past operation record data from the database and setting the operation target value.
In this case, similarity determination becomes difficult when there are many types of constituent raw materials constituting the mixed raw material. Therefore, in such a case, as described in claim 4, the constituent raw materials are divided into a plurality of groups based on the types, properties, and other conditions, and the group names and these data are included in the data relating to the types of the constituent raw materials. The composition ratio (may be the composition ratio for each group or the composition ratio of the constituent raw materials in each group) is accumulated in the database, and the database is accumulated in the database based on the group name and the composition ratio. It is good to search one or several similar said driving performance data from driving performance data. By doing so, the number of data can be reduced, and similarity determination can be easily performed.

When the mixed raw material is a mixed crude oil, the constituent crude oil constituting the mixed crude oil is classified into a heavy crude oil, a medium crude oil, and a light crude oil according to the properties thereof. Classification is good. Note that this case includes, for example, a case where heavy crude oil is further classified into super heavy crude oil and heavy crude oil, and a case where light crude oil is further classified into ultra light crude oil and light crude oil.
The above classification may be performed based on API specific gravity or based on experience.
The “various apparatuses” to which the present invention can be applied includes various desulfurization apparatuses such as a hydrodesulfurization apparatus and a heavy oil desulfurization apparatus, a polypropylene production apparatus, and an ethylene production apparatus in addition to the atmospheric distillation apparatus described in claim 6. Various manufacturing apparatuses and various chemical reaction apparatuses.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to automatically and efficiently set the operation target values of various devices after the material switching. In addition, the method of the present invention can be applied to various production apparatuses and chemical reaction apparatuses including an atmospheric distillation apparatus, and it is not necessary to improve these apparatuses, and it is not necessary to train skilled operators. Therefore, it can be carried out at a low cost.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an operation target of a crude oil atmospheric distillation apparatus when a crude oil as a raw material is switched to a different kind of crude oil (a mixed crude oil having a different oil type and / or oil type composition ratio) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram explaining the system configuration | structure for implement | achieving a value setting method.
This system uses atmospheric distillation equipment operating data such as atmospheric distillation equipment tower top temperature, tower top flow rate, extraction amount of each fraction, crude oil throughput data, KERO, LGO, HGO, FRN, etc. A data input unit 5 to which driving quality data including the property of the minute is input, a processing unit 6 that processes various data input from the data input unit 5 and accumulates it in the database 4 as driving performance data, and at the time of crude oil switching Input unit 1 such as a keyboard for inputting conditions such as crude oil throughput, oil type, crude oil composition ratio, etc., and a plurality of operations that are most similar from past operation record data stored in the database 4 according to the input conditions It has a similar data search unit 3 for extracting performance data, and an output unit 2 such as a display or printer for outputting the search results.

  The similar data search unit 3 only needs to be able to perform a similar search that can search data having the same or similar conditions from a database based on a plurality of given conditions. You can use software. In addition, for example, a similar data search technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-200604, a technique related to a numerical approximate answer disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-353331, and the like can be used. Furthermore, similar driving performance data can be searched by known case-based reasoning in JP-A-11-45108.

  The processing unit 6 determines that a certain period of time has elapsed after the crude oil switchover from the operation data of the atmospheric distillation apparatus input to the data input unit 5 with respect to the column top temperature, the column top flow rate, the amount of each fraction extracted, etc. An average value for one hour when the operation state is stabilized is obtained and stored in the database 4. Further, the processing unit 6 obtains an average value of the daily crude oil processing amount after the crude oil switching from the crude oil processing result data input to the data input unit 5, and stores this in the database 4. Further, the processing unit 6 extracts the lab data of the properties of each fraction when the oil type name, the crude oil composition ratio and the operation state are stabilized from the operation quality data input to the data input unit 5. Is stored in the database 4. These data are associated with each same operation and are stored in the database 4 as “operation performance data”.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the concept of the operation result data stored in the database 4.
As shown in FIG. 2, the operation result data 10a, 10b, 10c,... For the same operation includes operation data indicating the tower top temperature, the tower top flow rate, the amount of each fraction extracted, and the like per day. It includes crude oil throughput data indicating the throughput of crude oil, crude oil composition ratio data indicating the composition ratio of crude oil, and quality data such as properties of fractions.
When predetermined conditions are input via the input unit 1 when performing crude oil switching, the similar data search unit 3 performs various types of the above-mentioned data having the same attributes included in these conditions and the operation result data 10a, 10b, 10c. And comprehensively determine similarity.

As an example of data input via the input unit 1 when performing crude oil switching, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, when using crude oil processing amount of mixed oil for one day after crude oil switching, mixing is performed. There are names and composition ratios of each crude oil and properties of fractions.
Hereinafter, the amount of crude oil to be input, the composition ratio, and the properties of fractions will be described.

(1) Input of crude oil processing amount As shown in FIG. 6, when crude oil is supplied to the distillation tower 101 from a plurality of crude oil tanks A, B, C..., The crude oil tanks A, B, C,. The flow rate adjusting valves 103a, 103b, 103c,... Are adjusted so that the crude oil consumption becomes equal, that is, the crude oil tanks A, B, C,. The charge amount (supply amount) from the crude oil tanks A, B, C.

  This charge amount can be calculated from the distillation capacity of the distillation column 101 and the initial crude oil storage amount of each of the crude oil tanks A, B, C. In the example shown in FIG. 3 (a), the crude oil tank A has a charge amount of 10,000 kl / day, the crude oil tank B has a charge of 19,000 kl / day, and the crude oil tank C in which the slop is stored has a charge amount of 3,000 kl / day. The total supply from A, B, C is 32,000 kl / day.

(2) Input of oil type and composition ratio In the example shown in Fig. 3 (b), the oil type name such as KF (Kafuji crude oil), AH (Arabian heavy crude oil), ZK (Zakum crude oil) is input as the oil type. Is done. Moreover, the composition ratio of each crude oil input together with the oil type name is represented by a volume ratio (vol%) with respect to the total amount of crude oil to be supplied. Further, in this embodiment, each oil type constituting the mixed crude oil is classified into three oil qualities of heavy crude oil, medium crude oil, and light crude oil using, for example, API specific gravity. This oil quality may be entered by the operator, or all crude oil is classified into heavy, medium and light based on the API specific gravity and experience, and KF, AH, ZK, etc. When the oil type name is input, the input unit 1 or the similar data search unit 3 may automatically perform classification and input.

In the example shown in FIG. 3 (c), for example, heavy crude oil (KF: 19 vol%, AH: 7 vol%, other: 1 vol%) total: 27 vol%, medium crude oil (AL (Arabian light crude oil): 15 vol%, Other: 1vol%) Total: 16vol%, Light crude (ZK: 32vol%, OM (Oman Crude): 12vol%, QT (Qatarland Crude): 12vol%, Other 1vol%) Total: 57vol% The
In this way, crude oil is grouped into three types, heavy, medium, and light, and by entering the composition ratio for each group, similar searches are performed using the three group names and composition ratios as clues. This makes it possible to easily determine the similarity even if the crude oil is a mixture of many types of crude oil.

(3) Properties of fractions The properties of the target fractions are specified by distillation temperature, color, end point, etc. for each fraction. Specifically, for example, KERO is specified by 95% distillation temperature, LGO is specified by 90% distillation temperature, HGO is specified by color, and FRN is specified by end point (EP).

  After inputting the above conditions after switching, the similar data search unit 3 searches the operation result data in the database 4 based on the input conditions. The similar data search unit 3 reads a plurality (for example, five) of operation result data that seems to be closest to the database 4 and displays them on the output unit 2 such as a display. An example of the display result is shown in FIG.

In the example shown in FIG. 4A, five past operation result data 10a ′ to 10e ′ that are most similar as search results are displayed. The operation result data 10a ′ to 10e ′ include the operation date, the names and composition ratios of oil types constituting the mixed crude oil, the properties of fractions such as KERO and LGO, and operation data.
In the operation data, KERO, LGO, and FRN include the target value of the distillate amount, the target value of the tower top flow rate, and the target value of the tower top temperature.

FIG. 4B shows the operation data in the above five past operation results data 10a ′ to 10e ′, that is, the target value of the distillate amount of KERO, LGO and FRN, the target value of the top flow rate, and the tower This is a graph showing the target value of the top temperature. The final operation target value after switching is determined by obtaining a weighted average of these five operation data (the bold line indicated by symbol I in the graph is the final operation target value).
If this final operation target value is determined, the time from the start of crude oil switching to the end of switching is determined empirically, so as shown in FIG. 5, the target in the transient state from the current value to the final operation target value is obtained. A value model can be created.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above description.
For example, it has been explained that it is classified into three groups of heavy oil, medium oil, and light oil, but this is further subdivided into super heavy oil, heavy oil, medium oil, light oil, and super light oil. It is good also as what is classified into these five groups.
In the above example, the description has been made assuming that the five most similar driving performance data are extracted. However, the driving performance data to be extracted may be more or less. Furthermore, when there is matching operation result data, the target value may be set using the operation result data as it is.

  The present invention is not limited to the above atmospheric distillation apparatus, but also kerosene-based raw materials, jet fuel-based raw materials, light-oil desulfurization devices using light-oil-based raw materials, ultra-low sulfur-based raw materials, low-sulfur-based raw materials, and high-sulfur-based raw materials. The present invention can also be applied to a heavy oil direct desulfurization apparatus using as a raw material, an ethylene-based raw material, a polypropylene production apparatus using a propylene-based raw material as raw materials, and the like.

It is a block diagram of a system which realizes an operation target value setting method of an atmospheric distillation device in crude oil change concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the past driving | operation performance data stored in a database. It is a figure which shows an example of the data input via the input part 1 when performing crude oil switching. It is an example which displayed the search result on output parts, such as a display. It is a graph which shows an example of the target value model to the last driving | running target value after crude oil switching. It is the schematic which shows the structure of an atmospheric distillation apparatus concerning an example of various apparatuses.

Explanation of symbols

1 Input unit 2 Output unit 3 Similar data search unit 4 Database 5 Data input unit 6 Processing unit

Claims (6)

In the operation target value setting method of various devices at the time of raw material switching, which automatically controls the amount of each fraction extracted so as to satisfy the properties of each fraction at the time of raw material switching,
From past operating results, data on raw material throughput, data on raw material type, and data on individual raw materials constituting the mixed raw material when the raw material is a mixed raw material composed of a plurality of types of raw materials, Correlating the data relating to the operation of the apparatus including the extraction amount, the tower top temperature and the tower top flow rate and the data relating to the quality of the fraction for each of the operation results, and accumulating them in the database as operation result data;
At the time of raw material switching, the condition regarding the raw material throughput after switching, the condition regarding the type of raw material, and the condition regarding the quality of fractions are input, and one or more similar ones from the operation performance data accumulated in the database Searching the operation result data;
Based on the operation result data discovered as a result of the search, a step of setting operation target values of various devices,
An operation target value setting method for various apparatuses during material switching. When a plurality of similar driving performance data are found in the search step, setting a driving target value based on a weighted average of the plurality of driving performance data found;
The operation target value setting method of various apparatuses at the time of material switching according to claim 1.   3. One or a plurality of operation result data similar to conditions after material switching is searched from past operation result data accumulated in the database using case-based reasoning. The operation target value setting method of various apparatuses at the time of the raw material switching described in 2.   When there are a plurality of types of constituent raw materials constituting the mixed raw material, the constituent raw materials are divided into a plurality of groups based on the types, properties, and other conditions, and group names and their configurations are included in the data relating to the types of the constituent raw materials. And storing in the database including a ratio, and searching for one or a plurality of similar driving performance data from the driving performance data stored in the database based on the group name and the composition ratio. The operation target value setting method of various apparatuses at the time of material switching according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   When the mixed raw material is a mixed crude oil obtained by mixing a plurality of types of crude oil, the constituent crude oil constituting the mixed crude oil is classified into a heavy system, a medium system and a light system according to the properties thereof. The operation target value setting method of various apparatuses at the time of raw material switching according to claim 4.   6. The operation target value setting method for various apparatuses at the time of material switching according to claim 4, wherein the various apparatuses are atmospheric distillation apparatuses.

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