JP2006180796A - Wooden underground mine-timbering for transplanted wood and timbering method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wooden underground mine-timbering for a transplanted tree disappearing with the lapse of time and allowing natural expansion of plant roots without giving a burden to the environment. <P>SOLUTION: This wooden underground mine-timbering has wooden crossarms 5 horizontally crossing each other to become a buried state on the bottom of a plant hole after transplantation, wooden taking pressure boards 6 each fixed to the end of the crossarm and having a horizontal surface, and seizing tools 7 for lashing a rope 3 to be wound around a root ball 2 to the crossarm 5. A thrusting spear 8 thrusting the placed root ball 2 into from a lower part is built if necessary on the cross part of the crossarm 5. In addition, a wooden stand frame 9 to place the root ball 2 on is also attached to the cross part of the crossarm 5. It is possible to eliminate work in the plant hole for lashing the root ball and sufficiently tie the root ball to a stand with manpower above ground. There is no movable part advancing or retreating and the initial stability of the stand is high, thus the posture of a tree is retained from the underground without destroying the appearance of the tree. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wooden transplanted tree underground support method and a support method, and more specifically, the assembly at a tree transplanting site is simple, the transplanting work itself is facilitated, and the posture after transplanting is not impaired. The present invention relates to an underground support structure that can be kept under the ground and can be naturally lost as trees settle and grow.

  When a tree is transplanted to a park or garden, the rooted portion dug up in advance is formed into a massive root pot together with soil. Although this is embedded in a planting hole dug in the desired location, it often requires support to help the trees stand for a certain period after transplanting. The simplest way to support a tree is to stand several pillars around the tree and tie them up in a cage to hold the trunk on the ground. Examples of such a support work are described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-25747 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-327224.

  If you set up a fence on the ground to support the tree, it will give a sense of stability to the trees that have just been transplanted, but if they become established and grow, the support work is no longer necessary, and the appearance of the trees To lose. Moreover, if the support works become old or weathered, it will be unsightly. In addition, the work of cleaning up the support works that are no longer needed is forced, increasing the time and effort of planting management in parks and the like.

  An attempt to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned tree support work is the underground support work disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 5-260862 and 7-87854. This is an attempt to tie and tie a root pot on a horizontal frame built in a cross, for example, compared to the case where the tree trunk is supported on the ground, due to the weight of the tree itself, how the tree swings, shaking due to wind and rain, etc. Further consideration is necessary to prevent rollover.

  First of all, it is required that the structure is strong and the structure can change and deform in the ground as much as possible. From this point of view, the preceding examples described above are considered to be resistant to corrosion and rich in endurance, to be strong and to exert a force that can resist digging caused by shaking and inclination of trees, etc. It is essential to use metal materials. However, efforts to reduce weight are also required, and as a result of using a thin pipe material or reducing the cross-section of the member, it is inevitable that the earth pressure receiving ability will be unexpectedly lowered.

  In order to solve this problem, a thin metal plate is welded to the pipe forming the gantry as an earth pressure receiver, and a thruster that can be advanced and retracted in the horizontal direction is provided at the end of the pipe. The pipe material does not have enough width to handle the earth pressure, so it is possible to obtain back pressure with the earth pressure receiving plate, but in order not to disturb the root growth and spread There is a limit on the size. In order to make up for this, a thruster is stabbed into the wall of the planting hole to improve the roll-over ability.

  Horizontally moving thrust means that a movable part is provided on the pipe material forming the gantry, which complicates the structure and hinders cost reduction of the product. Bending and shearing forces tend to concentrate on the neck of this bush due to the hardness difference of the soil at the hole wall, and the posture of the tree may become unstable due to deformation or breakage in some cases, It may take time to repair the posture or prevent the repair. Needless to say, metal supporters do not return to the soil, and when the transplanted tree is dug for the next relocation, the work effort is doubled.

  Next, it cannot be overlooked that in the transplanting operation, the burden is increased in the operation of binding the root pot to the gantry. Since the hammering into the wall of the planting hole that projects the bush must be done without a root pot, the mount is laid at the bottom of the planting hole without any trees. The support work is made immobile by thrusting and then the tree is lowered and the root pot is placed on the frame, but the work of hanging the rope on the root pot and tying it to the frame attached to the bottom of the hole is a little left around the root pot. It must be done in a small space, not easy.

In other words, it is necessary to work in a posture where it is difficult to apply force, such as extending only the arm in the gap or bending over the body. It is too heavy to tie it up tightly, and it may be forced to finish without sufficient fixing. Even if a small heavy machine or winch is used, the delicate operation of wrapping around the root pot requires the assistance of the worker. It is inevitable that the tying work will not be smooth.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-260862 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-87854

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and its purpose is to receive sufficient earth pressure to maintain the independence of trees even as an underground type, and from below the ground without impairing the appearance of the trees. A structure that is easy to assemble in the field to maintain the posture, that it is made of non-metallic material, disappears with the passage of time, and allows the natural spreading of the roots without impacting the environment, local concentration of the load Can be placed in the planting hole in such a way that load sharing can be avoided, and the root pot can be sufficiently tied to the gantry even with little human power by eliminating the work in the planting hole of root pot tying In addition, we have improved the initial stability of the gantry by eliminating the movable parts that tend to concentrate deformation, and improved the initial stability of the gantry, providing a support for the underground support for transplanted trees. To do It is. It also provides a support method to achieve these objectives.

  The present invention is applied to a supporting work that supports a tree and maintains stability and posture after transplanting. The characteristic feature is that, referring to FIG. 1, after transplanting, a wooden arm 5 that crosses horizontally at the bottom of the planting hole and becomes an embedded state, and is fixed to the end of the arm tree or in the vicinity thereof and horizontally A wooden pressure plate 6 having a smooth surface and a lock 7 for securing the rope 3 wound around the root pot 2 to the arm tree 5 are embedded together with the root pot 2 at the time of transplanting. It was to improve the independence of the soil, and in the next few years, most of it became soil.

  At the intersection of the braces 5, a stabbed ridge 8 is set up to push the placed root pot 2 from below. The above-described locking tool 7 is a hook, and one or more stop holes 17 for the hook are provided in the longitudinal direction of the arm 5. A wooden seat frame 9 on which the root pot 2 is placed may be attached to the intersection of the arms 5.

  In the invention of the underground support method, after assembling the underground support work 4 at or near the transplantation site, the root pot 2 is placed at the intersection of the arm 5 and the planting posture is defined by the stab 8 Then, the rope 1 is hung on the root pot 2 and the tree 1 integrated with the underground support work 4 is lowered into the planting hole 10 as shown in FIG. Then, the soil 22 is put into the planting hole 10 until all or most of the root pot 2 is hidden. In this case, when the rope is hung on the root pot 2 placed at the intersection, it is preferable that the rope 3 hung in the vertical direction of the root pot 2 is skirted 18 at the bottom of the root pot 2.

  According to the present invention, most of the components of the support work are made of wood, and after a few years, most of them become soil and do not obstruct root spreading. At the beginning of transplantation, the arm tree and the pressure receiving plate can receive sufficient earth pressure to increase the independence of the tree, and a desired posture can be maintained from below the ground without impairing the appearance of the tree.

  Because it is a wooden product, it can be easily assembled at the work site, and the packaging is compact. There are no moving parts that move forward and backward, and there are no local deformations, and the whole is covered with a certain soil quality. Therefore, the initial shape retention as a support is high, and the load burden is easily distributed. The rope for the root pot can be hung on the ground with enough space, and it can be secured by the power of one worker. Since the locking tool allows the rope around the root pot to be easily folded back, the root pot is wrapped up and down to facilitate the lashing operation with the arms and to improve the unity.

  If there is a stabbed stick that pushes the root pot from below at the crossing of the braces, the posture of the root pot with respect to the support work can be held in advance, and the work of binding the root pot becomes easy. If the hook attached to the arm is hooked with its back to the intersection, the rope hanging operation on the root pot will be extremely easy, and the rope will come off even if it is wrapped around the latter half of the rope hanging. It becomes difficult and convenient. If a plurality of hook stop holes are provided in the direction in which the arm extends, the hook can be repositioned according to the size and shape of the root pot, and the binding is improved. If a wooden seat frame on which the root pot is placed is attached at the crossing point of the braces, the seat frame supports the lower peripheral edge and the vicinity thereof regardless of the posture of the root pot, and stability when the rope is hung is achieved.

  In the method of supporting the transplanted tree, fix the root pot with a stabbing spear and then hang it with a rope, and with the underground support work integrated, lower the tree to the planting hole until all or most of the root pot is hidden Since soil is put into the planting hole, the work of rope-hanging the root pot to the supporter in the narrow planting hole is eliminated, and the efficiency of the transplanting work is dramatically improved. Rope hanging is a wide area where workability is good, and transplanting work is continuously and concentratedly deployed in several planting holes by using a crane truck, etc., and soil backfilling and customer soil are allowed to be performed at any time. Flexibility in construction planning and work setup.

  When ropes are hung on the root pots placed at the crossing of the limbs, if the ropes hung in the vertical direction of the root pots are wrapped around the bottom of the root pots, the binding strength of the root pots to the supporters will be increased. Can be adjusted. Unlike the support method in which the rope in the planting hole is forced, the labor load is extremely low because it works on the ground, and it is easy to operate the root pot with consideration for the hardness of the root pot. Can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, a wooden transplanted tree underground support method and a support method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an underground support 4 in which a tree 3 is tied and tied with a rope 3 in order to support the tree 1 from below the ground and maintain stability and posture after transplanting.

  As shown in FIG. 2, this comprises two arms 5, four pressure receiving plates 6, a locking tool 7, a stabbed collar 8 and a seat frame 9 which will be described in detail later. This is embedded in the planting hole 10 as shown in FIG. 3 together with the root pot 2 at the time of transplanting, and functions so as to maintain the posture from below the ground without impairing the appearance of the tree. Most of the components are timber, which can turn into soil and disappear over time.

  More specifically, the arm 5 is, for example, a 6-cm square member having a length of 1 meter that crosses horizontally at the bottom of the planting hole 10 and can be used as a thinning material. As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 11 becomes a frame 11 on which a root pot is placed in a cross shape. When it is desired to give the frame a further flatness, the frame 11 is treated as shown in FIG. 4. That is, an engagement recess 12 having a depth of 3 centimeters that fits with the other arm is formed in the center of the intersection, and is stably installed in the planting hole 10 having a substantially flat bottom as shown in FIG. Be considered to be able to.

  The arms 5 do not have to be fitted to each other, but if the engagement recess 12 is provided and the width is comparable to that of the arms, the shape of the cross in a plan view can be easily distorted. There is no. If the nail 13 (see FIG. 2) is hit or screwed at the intersection, it will be easy to handle as a unified unit. Further, even if a biased force is temporarily applied when the rope is hooked, the shape is not easily changed, the lashing operation is smoothed, and the tension is easily applied evenly.

  The pressure receiving plate 6 is a flat plate having a horizontal surface fixed to the end of the arm 5 or the vicinity thereof, and may be, for example, 10 × 30 centimeters and a thickness of 1 centimeter. Since the pressure receiving plate receives the earth pressure and exhibits resistance to the digging force and suppresses the posture variation of the support work, it should be of a level that can be imagined from the size balance of the example in FIG. Good.

  Of course, there is no particular problem in using an area of an appropriate size based on the size of the tree and the size of the branch swing. If the arm is long and can be attached to the tip of the arm, the pressure receiving area may be small, and in the opposite case, it is better to adopt a large one. This thin wooden board can be easily hit against the arm 5 with two or three nails 14.

  A wooden seat frame 9 on which a root pot is placed is attached to the crossed arms 5. As can be seen from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this supports the lower part of the root pot 2 and stabilizes the rope. Therefore, it arrange | positions so that the shallow rectangular space like FIG. 2 of the grade which drops the lower part of a root pot may be defined. The crosspiece 15 may be about 3 cm square, and the length depends on the size of the root pot. This is also fixed to the arm with a nail 16, but since it is not necessary to develop the resistance to digging up, it is sufficient to prevent it from shifting. Incidentally, the crosspiece 15 also contributes to maintaining the crossed state of the arms 5.

  Referring to FIG. 2, a stabbed stick 8 is erected near the crossing portion of the arm 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the root pot 2 in which the soil is firmly tightened to some extent is pushed in from the lower part, and is useful for maintaining the posture of the root pot 2 placed on the seat frame 9. The stabbed hook may be like a five-inch nail, and it may be driven about 1/3 with a hammer. The head of the nail has never been removed, but considering the size of the root pot 2 and its hardness, it is not often a problem if the head remains.

  In the example of FIG. 2, since the seat frame 9 is attached to the gantry 11, the position of the stabbed cage 8 is provided inside the seat frame surrounding the root pot. The standing position is not particularly limited as long as the desired number is the intersection or the vicinity thereof and can be stabbed into the root pot. If you want to plant the tree with an intentional tilt, this bite helps you to restrain the root pots that can be left in a slightly unstable state when the rope is hung.

  A metal hook is employed as the locking tool 7 for securing the rope 3 wound around the root pot 2 shown in FIG. This is erected so that its back is directed to the intersection, but the lower end is threaded and fixed to the arm 5 by a nut (not shown). Therefore, one stop hole 17 or a plurality of stop holes 17 are provided in the arm as shown in FIG.

  What is necessary is just to select the stop hole of a suitable position according to the magnitude | size and distortion condition of the root pot 2, and by this, the rope 3 wound around the root pot 2 can be folded back by appropriate length. That is, the operation of surrounding the root pot 2 in the vertical direction and securing it to the arm 5 is facilitated. As will be described later, since the rope including the tail winding 18 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 3) can be hung in a single stroke, the operation can be rapidly advanced by winding a single rope. In addition, it becomes easy to give the securing force according to the hardness of the root pot by adjusting the force applied at the time of the hem winding.

  The underground support 4 constructed in this way can be transported in a compact manner as shown in FIG. 5 (a), and can be transported at a time as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Assemble as shown in FIG. Most of the work is nailing and can be easily assembled without the need for strong force or skill. Even if you make a mistake, you can remove it by hitting it from the back, and you can reassemble it. If the size of the root pot 2 is determined, the position of the stabbed 8 is determined, and the attachment position of the hook is also selected and fixed, the support work 4 as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.

  In this way, when the support work is assembled at or near the transplantation site, the root pot 2 is placed at the intersection of the arms 5 and the planting posture is defined by the piercing barb 8 as shown in FIG. The rope can be hung on the root pot 2 and the hem winding 18 can be provided, so that it can be lowered into the planting hole 10 (see FIG. 3) at any time. By the way, if this 19 is wrapped around the trunk and a single rope 3 is wound as shown in FIG. 6, the tree is hardly damaged.

  For example, the rope 3 makes a small ring 20 and hangs it on the right hook 7R, hangs it up from the starting point, wraps it around the neck of the appropriate number of times, then lowers it toward the next hook 7U and hooks it. After that, if you raise it to the left and lower it toward the left hook 17L, you can tie it up with the same force balance using the four hooks. After returning to the original hook 7R, hem winding is started and the tension of the rope extending in the vertical direction between the hook 19 and the hook 7 is adjusted, and the tip of the surplus rope is entangled somewhere. This kind of operation can only be done on the ground, and it can't be done in the planting hole.

  In this way, if a predetermined number of trees are prepared for transplantation, the operation time of the machine can be reduced if a crane is brought in and continuously lowered into the planting hole. For example, in a transplanting operation in a garden, waiting for heavy machinery or using it for a long time may cause the shape of a mountain to be destroyed or refilled.

  Since the stab cage 8 and the seat frame 9 described above are provided, it is easy to maintain the mounting position of the root pot 2, but it also gives intentional inclination to the trunk to match the undulations of the mountain and surrounding trees. You can also try to let them. By the way, when the overhanging branches are fine, the resistance to digging up by the pressure receiving plate may be insufficient. A pressure-receiving plate on the side where the counterforce is generated may be a wide-area one, but if it cannot be supported, an anchor 21 (see FIG. 3) for holding the pressure-receiving plate may be driven. If a bar with straight legs is used as an anchor, it can be pulled out with the aim of adjusting.

  If the supporter is installed in the planting hole together with the root pot, the remaining space is eliminated by refilling the soil 22 in the planting hole or by soiling the ground until all or most of the root pot is hidden. Since the pressure due to the bulk soil exerts the earth pressure almost uniformly on the support work, the force acting on the support work is rarely unbalanced. Since the brace is given a larger width than the metal pipe material described in the section of the prior art, it also functions to supplement the supporting action of the pressure receiving plate.

  Since the wooden support will be degraded by bacteria in the ground, the spread of the roots will not be hindered if it decays after a certain period of time. If the rope is made of plant or weatherable fiber, it will not put a burden on the environment or interfere with the inhabiting of small animals like metal support.

  As can be seen from the above description, the support work is a wooden product and can be easily assembled at the work site by using several nails, etc., and the carrying-in is also carried in a compact package. There are no movable parts that move forward and backward, there are no local weak parts that cause deformation, and because the pressure-receiving plate can be made a little wider because it can disappear, the initial stability as a support work may be impaired. rare. Even if the whole is covered with a certain soil quality, the local concentration of the load is small and the load burden is easily distributed.

  Since the rope hanging work after placing the root pot on the assembled supporter can be performed on the ground with sufficient space, it can be sufficiently secured by the power of one worker. The locking tool allows the rope around the root pot to be easily folded back, and the root pot is wrapped up and down to secure the tie to the arm. If the unity is increased, the load applied to the support work after the root pot is buried is less likely to be biased.

  Since the support work can be integrated with the tree on the ground, the tree should be lowered into the planting hole with a small crane or the like, put in the soil, and hardened appropriately. Since each process can be performed independently, the degree of freedom of work is high and the setup is easy. The release of work in a narrow planting hole, which has a heavy burden, promotes faster and more efficient construction. According to the size of the tree, it is easy to give the area of the pressure receiving plate as appropriate, and it is not necessary to prepare for it, and it is easy to respond flexibly on site.

  A stabbed heel is not a must, but if it is erected, a root pot can be stabbed from below around the crossing of the arm and the posture of the root pot against the support work can be maintained. Since the seat frame attached to the brace supports the lower peripheral edge of the root pot and the vicinity thereof, the work of binding the root pot becomes remarkably easy. The hook makes the rope operation for the root pot very easy. In any case, a single rope can be tied smoothly and quickly.

  When such a rope is hung, the rope suspended in the vertical direction of the root pot is wound around the bottom of the root pot, so that the binding force to the support work of the root pot can be increased. Unlike the support method in which the rope is forced inside the planting hole, this is possible because the rope hanging is performed outside the planting hole. Furthermore, as already stated, depending on the hardness of the root pot, the degree of tying can be adjusted by applying force to the hem.

  By the way, the arms 5 do not have to have the same length. If planting plots are prepared along the sidewalk, they are often rectangular. In the planting hole formed at such a location, one arm 5A is made shorter than the other arm 5B as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in (b), the pressure receiving plate 6A attached to the short arm 5A can be made larger than the pressure receiving plate 6B to easily dig up and balance the counter force.

  The above-described seat frame may be a discontinuous frame body. This is because it does not need to be a continuous framework because it is not intended to prevent the removal of the root pot. As shown in FIG. 8 (a), if each crosspiece 15 is a discontinuous frame 9A that can be rotated by a single nail 23, the angle at which it is easy to adjust to the lower shape of the root pot 2 (b) ) Can be given naturally.

  FIG. 9 shows an example in which three arms 5 are employed, and the seat frame 9B is given as a hexagon. The arm 5P and the arm 5Q are overlapped as shown in FIG. 4 with a large length of the engaging recess 12A, and are arranged in one plane as shown in FIG. In this case, if the depth of the engaging concave portion of the arm 5R is set to ½ of the arm height similar to the arms 5P and 5Q, when the arm 5R is applied to the two arms 5P and 5Q from below, It protrudes downward by δ. However, when forming a planting hole, if only one depression is formed only at the position where the arm 5R is placed, there is no particular problem in installing the entire support 4A horizontally. In order to obtain the level of the seat frame 9B, the square plate 24 may be sandwiched.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of a support 4B having no seat frame. This is often sufficient if the root pot is small or the tree itself is not large. As already mentioned, it is okay to omit the needle bites. In FIG. 11, the engagement recess 12B is made wider than the arm width so that the crossing angle α of the two arm trees can be arbitrarily selected.

  If it does in this way, even if the planar shape of the planting hole is not square, it will be easy to fit in the planting hole. If a plurality of nails 25 or the like are used, even if a gap remains in the engaging recess 12B, it is possible to prevent the crossing angle from changing due to the tension when the rope is hooked on the root pot. Of course, if the crosspiece 15 is struck as shown in FIG. 2, the crossing angle can be maintained even more firmly.

  As can be seen from the above detailed description, the support is provided with at least a wooden arm, a pressure plate, and a locking device for securing the root pot to the arm, but most of the components are wood and rooted. In the next few years, most will turn into soil. The spread of the roots is not obstructed forever, but until a certain time, the arm tree and the pressure plate help the tree to become independent, so that the posture is maintained from below the ground without impairing the appearance of the tree. Since it is a wooden product, it does not place an unnecessary load on the natural world. If it is used with thinned wood and waste wood, it can save resources and expand the use of waste.

The perspective view of the state which tied the root pot to the underground support work for wooden transplanted trees which concerns on this invention. The perspective view of the underground support work as a representative example. The transplantation figure of the state which backfilled the soil after installing in the planting hole. The perspective view which shows the shape of the engagement recessed part given to the arm and the cross | intersection part. The members constituting the support are shown, in which (a) shows the state of packaging during transportation, and (b) shows a state diagram for assembling on-site. The typical top view which shows the winding point when hanging a rope on a root pot. The top view of the example which changed the length of a timber. The top view of the support work which made the seat frame shape changeable. The top view at the time of using three arms. The perspective view of the support work which does not use a seat frame. The perspective view of the support work which changed the crossing angle of a brace.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tree, 2 ... Root pot, 3 ... Rope, 4, 4A, 4B ... Underground support work, 5, 5A, 5B, 5P, 5Q, 5R ... Arm, 6, 6A, 6B ... Pressure receiving plate, 7, 7L , 7R, 7U ... Locking device (hook), 8 ... Stabbed hook, 9, 9A, 9B ... Seat frame, 10 ... Planting hole, 17 ... Stop hole, 18 ... Hem winding.

Claims (6)

In support work to support trees and maintain stability and posture after transplanting,
After transplanting, the wooden brace that crosses horizontally at the bottom of the planting hole and is buried, a wooden pressure plate that is fixed at or near the end of the brace and has a horizontal surface, and wound around the root pot With a locking device that secures the rope to be rotated to the arm,
A wooden submerged support structure for transplanted trees, which is embedded with root pots when transplanted to increase the independence of trees and that most of them can be converted to soil several years after rooting.   The wooden substituting support for wooden transplanted trees according to claim 1, wherein a stabbed ridge is provided at the crossing portion of the arms to push a root pot placed thereon from below.   3. The wood transplanted tree ground according to claim 1, wherein the locking tool is a hook, and one or more stop holes for attaching the hook are provided in the longitudinal direction of the arm tree. 4. Support construction.   The wooden transplanted tree ground according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a wooden seat frame on which a root pot is placed is attached to an intersection of the arm trees. Support construction.   At the transplantation site or in the vicinity thereof, the wooden transplanted tree support structure described in any one of claims 2 to 4 is assembled, and a root pot is placed at the crossing of the arm tree and planted with a stabbed cage. The posture is regulated, the tree that is roped to the root pot and integrated with the underground support work is lowered into the planting hole, and soil is put in the planting hole until all or most of the root pot is hidden How to support transplanted trees. 6. The transplanted tree according to claim 5, wherein when the rope is hung on the root pot placed at the intersection, the rope spanned in the vertical direction of the root pot is wound around the bottom of the root pot. Support method.