JP2006175449A - Apparatus and method for processing fine recessed part - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such problems that the regular arrangement of fine recessed parts is difficult and also the manufacturing cost is increased in the conventional forming method for the fine recessed parts using shot blasting. <P>SOLUTION: The processing apparatus for forming the fine recessed parts on the inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore B1 is provided with a working roller 1, a roller driving body 2 with which the working roller 1 which is attached in the coaxial state is rotationally driven in the position eccentric to the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1, a forward and backward driving means 3 by which the roller driving body 2 is moved along the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 and a holding body 4 with which the roller driving body 2 is rotationally driven around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 in the state where the working roller 1 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1. The fine recessed parts are formed regularly, highly accurately and efficiently and also the improvement of productivity and the reduction of the manufacturing cost are achieved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method for a fine recess used for forming a fine recess (oil reservoir) for realizing low friction on an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore in a cylinder block of an automobile engine, for example. Is.

  Conventionally, for example, shot blasting is often used to form a fine recess in the inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore of a cylinder block. In this shot blasting, a masking sheet having a predetermined shape of a through hole is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole, and then a small diameter particle such as ceramics is projected onto the inner peripheral surface together with compressed air. A fine recess is formed in the exposed inner peripheral surface.

Then, after forming the fine recess, the masking sheet is removed, and after the cleaning process, honing is performed to remove the swelled portion generated around the fine recess when shot blasting is performed. It was.
JP 2002-307310 A

  However, in the formation of fine recesses using shot blast as described above, it is difficult to regularly arrange the fine recesses, and in addition, a masking sheet affixing process to the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole In addition, since the removal process and the cleaning process are indispensable, such work prevents the improvement of productivity, and the masking sheet is disposable. There is a problem in that masking is expensive due to processing and adhesives, which increases the manufacturing cost.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and when forming the fine recesses on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole of the workpiece, the fine recesses are regularly formed on the inner peripheral surface. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus and a processing method for fine recesses that can be formed with high accuracy and can realize improvement in productivity and reduction in manufacturing cost.

  The processing apparatus for fine recesses according to the present invention is a processing apparatus for forming fine recesses on the inner peripheral surface of a circular hole in a workpiece, and is coaxial with a processing roller having convex portions for forming fine recesses on the outer periphery. A roller driving body for rotationally driving the processing roller mounted in a state at a position eccentric with respect to the center line of the circular hole, and advancing and retreating driving means for relatively moving the workpiece and the roller driving body along the center line of the circular hole; Rotation drive means for rotating at least one of the workpiece and the roller drive body around the center line of the circular hole in a state where the processing roller is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole is provided.

  The workpiece is supported by, for example, a support on the apparatus main body side. On the other hand, the roller driving body is provided, for example, on a holding body on the apparatus main body side, and is held at a position eccentric with respect to the center line of the circular hole. Then, the workpiece and the roller driving body are moved relative to each other along the center line of the circular hole by the advance / retreat driving means, so that at least the processing roller enters the circular hole.

  Thereafter, the processing roller is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole by a predetermined amount, and, for example, at least one of the support and the holding body is rotationally driven by the rotation driving means, and at least one of the workpiece and the roller driving body is moved. It is driven to rotate around the center line of the circular hole. As a result, the processing roller rolls along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole, and at this time, the processing roller rolls while being rotationally driven by the roller driving body to form fine concave portions on the inner peripheral surface.

  The fine recess processing method of the present invention uses the above processing apparatus to press the outer peripheral portion of the processing roller against the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole when forming the fine recess on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole in the workpiece. The processing roller is rotated along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole by synchronizing the rotation driving of the processing roller by the roller driving body and the rotation driving of the rotation driving means. At this time, the processing roller is rotated by the roller driving body. It is characterized in that it is rolled while being driven to form fine recesses on the inner peripheral surface.

  According to the processing apparatus for fine recesses of the present invention, since machining by a processing roller is performed without using a conventional disposable masking sheet, the fine recesses are regularly formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole. In addition to being able to form with high precision, it is possible to achieve a significant improvement in productivity and a significant reduction in manufacturing costs.

  Further, at least one of the workpiece and the roller driving body is rotated around the center line of the circular hole by the rotation driving means, and the processing roller is driven to rotate by the roller driving body. Even when the depths of the fine recesses are different, the fine recesses can be formed with high accuracy while preventing slipping between the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole and the processing roller.

  In addition to the advantage that the device configuration is simple and the manufacturing cost is low, in addition to the relative rotation of the workpiece and the roller drive body, the forward / backward drive means is operated, so that the circular hole is formed. Fine recesses can be formed regularly and with high accuracy in the direction along the center line.

  According to the processing method for fine recesses of the present invention, since machining is performed by a processing roller without using a conventional disposable masking sheet, the fine recesses are regularly and highly accurately formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole. In addition, it is possible to provide a workpiece formed on the workpiece, and to further improve the productivity of the workpiece and further reduce the manufacturing cost. Even if the material of the workpiece and the depth of the fine recess to be formed are different by synchronizing the rotational drive, the fine recess is prevented while slipping between the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole and the processing roller. Can be formed with high accuracy.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a processing apparatus and a processing method for a fine recess according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A workpiece W1 partially shown in FIG. 1 is a cylinder block of an automobile engine, and a fine recess is formed on the inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore B1 which is a circular hole.

  The illustrated processing apparatus can be applied to, for example, an NC machine tool, and positions the workpiece W1 so that the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 is in the vertical direction (Z direction), and the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece W1 is fine. A recess is formed.

  The processing apparatus includes a processing roller 1 having a convex portion 1a for forming a fine concave portion on the outer peripheral portion, and a roller driving body that rotationally drives the processing roller 1 mounted coaxially at a position eccentric with respect to the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1. 2, the advancing / retreating drive means 3 for relatively moving the workpiece W1 and the roller driving body 2 along the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1, and the workpiece W1 in a state where the processing roller 1 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1. And at least one of the roller driving bodies 2 is provided with a rotation driving means for rotating around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1.

  The rotational drive means of this embodiment is a cylindrical holding body 4 that includes a drive source (not shown) and is rotationally driven by this drive source. The holding body 4 holds the roller driving body 2 at a position eccentric with respect to the rotation axis Cb in a state where the rotation axis Cb coincides with the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1. At this time, the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1, the rotation axis Cb of the rotation driving means, and the rotation axis Cc of the processing roller 1 eccentric to these are parallel to each other.

  The material of the processing roller 1 is not particularly limited. For example, the processing roller 1 is made of carbide, a hard metal other than carbide, ceramics such as alumina, silicon nitride, or the like, and is sufficiently larger than the diameter of the cylinder bore B1. Has a small diameter. The processing roller 1 of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of convex portions 1a at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and dimple-shaped fine concave portions are formed at predetermined intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1. In addition, if it is what provided the bowl-shaped convex part which continues in the circumferential direction, a groove-shaped fine recessed part can be continuously formed.

  The roller drive body 2 is coaxially provided with a shaft portion 2b that is rotationally driven below the main body portion 2a that incorporates a motor, and the processing roller 1 is attached to the lower end portion of the shaft portion 2b. A plurality of types of processing rollers having different convex shape and diameter can be selectively attached to and detached from the shaft portion 2b. The roller driving body 2 is provided with a first rotation detecting means R1 for detecting the rotation angle of the processing roller 1 at the upper end of the main body 2a. The roller driving body 2 is connected to the holding body 4 via the joint 5 and the roller moving means 6. Is retained.

  The roller moving means 6 includes a drive source such as a motor and a power transmission mechanism, and includes a joint 5 that can move in the diameter direction of the holding body 4 on the lower surface of the holding body 4. The processing roller 1 is moved in the radial direction r of the cylinder bore B1 together with the roller drive body 2 that is firmly mounted.

  As described above, the advancing / retreating drive means 3 relatively moves the workpiece W1 and the roller driving body 2 along the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1, but in this embodiment, the holding body 4 is moved in the vertical direction (Z The roller driving body 2 and the processing roller 1 are moved forward and backward with respect to the workpiece W1.

  In addition, the holding body 4 is provided with second rotation detection means R <b> 2 for detecting the rotation angle of the holding body (rotation driving means) 4. Note that a rotary encoder is used as a more preferred embodiment for the first and second rotation detection means R1 and R2, thereby further simplifying the device configuration and improving detection accuracy.

  Further, the processing apparatus includes a horizontal moving means 7 that moves the roller driving body 2 and the processing roller 1 together with the holding body 4 in the horizontal direction (X and Y directions), and a control device 8. The control device 8 controls the operation of the horizontal moving means 7, the advance / retreat driving means 3, the holding body 4, the roller moving means 6 and the roller driving body 2 and detects from the first and second rotation detecting means R1 and R2. It is possible to input a signal and perform feedback control of each operation part based on the detection signal.

  In the processing apparatus having the above-described configuration, when forming the fine concave portion on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1, first, the holding body 4 is horizontally moved by the horizontal moving means 7, and the rotation axis Cb of the holding body 4 and the center of the cylinder bore B1. Positioning is performed so that the line Ca coincides with the line Ca, and then the holding body 4 is advanced (lowered) by the advancing / retreating driving means 3 to allow the processing roller 1 to enter the cylinder bore B1.

  Next, the processing apparatus moves the roller driving body 4 in the horizontal direction by the roller moving means 6 and pushes the processing roller 1 into the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 by a predetermined amount. At this time, the rotation axis Cc of the processing roller 1 is a position offset with respect to the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 and the rotation axis Cb of the holding body 4.

  Thereafter, the processing device rotationally drives the roller driving body 2 around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 by the holding body 4, and rotates the processing roller 1 by the roller driving body 2 in synchronization therewith. At this time, in the processing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotation axis Cc of the roller drive body 2 and the processing roller 1 moves around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 (around the arrow A1 in the figure) and at the same time, The processing roller 1 is rolled along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B by rotationally driving the roller 1 in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the rotation axis Cc (around the arrow A2 in the figure). Is rotated to form a minute recess on the inner peripheral surface while preventing slippage between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B and the processing roller 1.

  Further, in addition to the above-described operation, the machining apparatus gradually lowers the holding body 4 by the advance / retreat driving means 3 and continues the entry of the machining roller 1 in a spiral locus with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1. The fine recesses can be formed continuously, and the fine recesses can be formed over a predetermined range in the direction along the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1.

  Here, for example, if the outer diameter of the processing roller 1 is φ30 mm, the number of convex portions 1a is 100, and the inner diameter of the cylinder bore B1 is φ60 mm, when the processing roller 1 rolls on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 without slipping, the cylinder bore The number of fine recesses per circumference on the inner peripheral surface of B1 is 200. Further, since the processing roller 1 has (cylinder bore inner diameter) / (processing roller outer diameter) = 60/30, the roller driving body 2 rotates once around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1 (the holding body 4 rotates once). Will be rotated twice.

  That is, if the processing roller 1 rotates twice about its own rotation axis Cc while the holder 4 makes one rotation about its own rotation axis Cb, the processing roller 4 rolls on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 without slipping. In other words, in terms of both rotation angles, the processing roller 1 is rotated by 1 degree, whereas the holding body 4 is rotated by 0.5 degrees.

  In this way, in the processing apparatus, the rotation drive of the holding body 4, the rotation drive of the processing roller 1 by the roller drive body 2, and the lowering of the roller drive body 2 and the processing roller 1 are synchronized, so that the inside of the cylinder bore B <b> 1. As shown in FIG. 3A, fine concave portions D that are regularly patterned vertically and horizontally can be formed with high accuracy and efficiency in a wide area of the peripheral surface.

  Further, for example, when the number of fine concave portions per round of the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 is 200.5, the rotation angle per convex portion 1a in the processing roller 1 is 360 (degrees) / 100 ( Since the tooth) = 3.6 (degrees), the processing roller 1 may be rotated by one rotation + 3.6 degrees / 2 rotations while the holder 4 rotates once. At this time, the rotation angle of the holding body 4 is 360 / (720 + 3.6 / 2) = 0.499 degrees with respect to the rotation angle of the processing roller 1 of 1 degree.

  In this manner, by synchronizing the rotational drive of the holding body 4, the rotational drive of the processing roller 1 by the roller drive body 2, and the lowering of the roller drive body 2 and the processing roller 1, the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B <b> 1 is wide. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the fine recesses D patterned in a state shifted every round can be formed with high accuracy and efficiency with respect to the region.

  As described above, in the processing apparatus and processing method for fine recesses described in the above embodiment, the apparatus configuration is relatively simple and can be manufactured at low cost. The positioning means on the workpiece W1 side can be made simpler, and is more suitable for forming fine recesses on the workpiece W1 sequentially loaded. .

  And in the said processing apparatus and processing method, since it processes by a processing roller, without using the conventional disposable masking sheet, a fine recessed part is regularly and highly accurate with respect to the internal peripheral surface of cylinder bore B1. It can be formed and realizes a significant improvement in productivity and a significant reduction in manufacturing costs.

  Further, since the roller driving body 2 is driven to rotate around the center line of the cylinder bore B1 by the holding body 2 which is a rotation driving means, and the processing roller 1 is driven to rotate by the roller driving body 2, the material and formation of the workpiece W1. Even when the depths of the fine recesses are different, the fine recesses are formed with high accuracy while preventing slippage between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 and the processing roller 1.

  Furthermore, by adopting the rotation detection means R1, R2, it is possible to form a fine recess while monitoring the slip between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore B1 and the processing roller 1, and further increase the precision of the fine recess. Furthermore, since the roller moving means 6 is employed, it is possible to easily cope with changes in the cylinder bore (circular hole) B1 having a different diameter, the workpiece W1 having a different material, and the depth of the fine recess. can do.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the processing apparatus and processing method for fine recesses of the present invention. In addition, the workpiece W2 in this embodiment is a cylindrical member. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The processing apparatus of this embodiment includes a support 14 that is driven to rotate while supporting the workpiece W2 as a rotation driving means. The support 14 includes a drive source (not shown), supports the workpiece W2 in a state where the rotation axis Cb coincides with the center line Ca of the circular hole B2 in the workpiece W2, and also supports the workpiece W2 by the horizontal moving means 7. The workpiece W2 can be moved in the horizontal direction (X and Y directions).

  Further, since the rotation driving means is the support body 14, the second rotation detection means R2 detects the rotation angle of the support body 14. In this embodiment, the advancing / retreating drive means 3 moves the roller moving means 6 in the vertical direction (Z direction), thereby moving the roller drive body 2 and the machining roller 1 forward and backward with respect to the workpiece W2. ing.

  In the processing apparatus having the above-described configuration, in the previous embodiment, the roller drive body 2 is rotated around the center line Ca of the cylinder bore B1, that is, while the holding body (reference numeral 4 in FIG. 1) is rotationally driven, While the processing roller 1 is rotated along the peripheral surface while being rotated, the workpiece W is rotated around the center line Ca of the circular hole B2, while the processing roller 1 is rotated while being rotated. It is made to move and a fine recessed part is formed in the internal peripheral surface of circular hole B2.

  Also with the above machining apparatus and machining method, the same operations and effects as in the previous embodiments can be obtained, and when applied to, for example, an existing NC machine tool, the advancing / retreating drive means 3 has a spindle that moves up and down. Since the head is used and a horizontally moving work table can be used as the horizontal moving means 7, the configuration of the newly installed apparatus can be further simplified.

  The fine recess processing apparatus and processing method of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and are naturally applicable to circular holes other than the workpiece such as cylinder blocks and cylindrical members. Is possible. In the processing roller, the convex portions are provided in a single row in the above embodiment, but the convex portions may be provided in a double row.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that a holding body for rotating the roller driving body 2 is provided as the rotation driving means, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a support for rotating the workpiece is provided as the rotation driving means. Although the rotation drive means, the advance / retreat drive means, and the horizontal movement means, in particular, may be any means that relatively moves the workpiece and the processing roller, the workpiece side and the processing roller side Can be provided on one or both.

It is perspective explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the processing apparatus of this invention. It is plane explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the processing roller at the time of fine recessed part formation. It is explanatory drawing (a) (b) which respectively shows the pattern of the formed fine recessed part. It is an isometric view explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the processing apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing roller 1a Convex part 2 Roller drive body 3 Forward / backward drive means 4 Holding body (rotation drive means)
6 Roller moving means 14 Support (rotation drive means)
B1 Cylinder bore (circular hole)
B2 Circular hole Ca Cylinder bore center line Cb Rotating shaft of holder Cc Rotating shaft of processing roller D Fine recess R1 First rotation detecting means R2 Second rotation detecting means W1 Workpiece W2 Workpiece

Claims (10)

  A processing apparatus for forming a fine recess on an inner peripheral surface of a circular hole in a workpiece, wherein a processing roller having a convex portion for forming a fine recess on an outer peripheral portion and a processing roller mounted coaxially A roller driving body that rotationally drives at a position eccentric with respect to the center line, an advancing / retreating driving means that relatively moves the workpiece and the roller driving body along the center line of the circular hole, and an inner peripheral surface of the circular hole. An apparatus for processing a fine recess, comprising: a rotation driving means for rotating at least one of a workpiece and a roller driving body around a center line of a circular hole in a state where the workpiece is pressed against.   The fine rotation according to claim 1, further comprising: a first rotation detection unit that detects a rotation angle of the processing roller in the roller drive body; and a second rotation detection unit that detects the rotation angle of the rotation drive unit. Recess processing equipment.   The apparatus for processing a fine recess according to claim 2, wherein the rotation detecting means is a rotary encoder.   The rotation driving means includes a holding body that is driven to rotate by holding a roller driving body, and the holding body is eccentric with respect to the rotation axis in a state where the rotation axis coincides with the center line of the circular hole. The apparatus for processing a fine recess according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roller driving body is held at a position.   The rotation driving means includes a support that is driven to rotate while supporting the workpiece, and the support supports the workpiece in a state in which the rotation axis coincides with the center line of the circular hole. The processing apparatus of the fine recessed part in any one of Claims 1-3.   6. The apparatus for processing a fine recess according to claim 1, further comprising roller moving means for moving the processing roller in the radial direction of the circular hole together with the roller driving body.   When forming a fine recessed part in the internal peripheral surface of the circular hole in a to-be-processed object using the processing apparatus of the fine recessed part in any one of Claims 1-3, the outer peripheral part of a processing roller is used as the internal peripheral surface of a circular hole. The processing roller is rotated along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole by synchronizing the rotational driving of the processing roller by the roller driving body with the rotational driving of the rotary driving means, and a minute recess is formed on the inner peripheral surface. A method for processing a fine recess, characterized by forming the step.   When the fine concave portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole in the workpiece using the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 4, the outer peripheral portion of the processing roller is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole, and the roller By synchronizing the rotational drive of the processing roller by the drive body and the rotational drive of the holding body, the processing roller rolls along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole to form a fine recess on the inner peripheral surface. A processing method of a fine recess.   When the fine concave portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole in the workpiece using the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 5, the outer peripheral portion of the processing roller is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole, and the roller By synchronizing the rotational drive of the processing roller by the drive body and the rotational drive of the support, the processing roller rolls along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole to form a fine recess on the inner peripheral surface. A processing method of a fine recess.   The work roller and the roller driving body are moved relatively in a direction along the center line of the circular hole, in addition to rolling the processing roller along the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole. The processing method of the fine recessed part in any one of -9.

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