JP2006161442A

JP2006161442A - Anchor pile

Info

Publication number: JP2006161442A
Application number: JP2004355753A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kaoru Kamiara; 薫上新; Satoshi Kawaguchi; 智川口; Kaoru Oshita; 薫大下
Original assignee: HIRABAYASHI BUSSAN KK; Nisshin Steel Co Ltd; Nisshin Kokan Co Ltd
Current assignee: HIRABAYASHI BUSSAN KK; Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd; Nippon Steel Nisshin Pipe Co Ltd
Priority date: 2004-12-08
Filing date: 2004-12-08
Publication date: 2006-06-22

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anchor pile with high drawing force although it has a simple structure at a low manufacturing cost. <P>SOLUTION: The anchor pile is constituted of a resisting plate 1 having a vertical wall section 3 substantially vertically rising from a plane section 2 and both side ends thereof and a body rod 4 fixing the front end to the center on the vertical wall section side of the plane section of the resisting plate 1 and forming a seated fixed section 5 in the other end. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ビニールハウス等のように地表に直接設置する構造物を地表に固定するために地中に埋め込んで使用するアンカー杭に関する。 The present invention relates to an anchor pile that is used by being embedded in the ground in order to fix a structure directly installed on the ground surface, such as a greenhouse, to the ground surface.

ビニールハウス等を地表に固定するアンカー杭としては、例えば特許文献１に見られるようならせん杭や特許文献２に見られるようなスクリューアンカー等が一般的である。ビニールハウス等を移動するような場合にあっても抜き取りやすいために使い勝手が良いとされている。
しかし、スクリューアンカーは、羽根が比較的小さく、またねじ込み深さも浅いため、引抜き力はさほど高くない。らせん杭は、抵抗面が狭いため、スクリューアンカーよりもさらに引抜き力は低くなる。 As anchor piles for fixing a greenhouse or the like to the ground surface, for example, spiral piles as seen in Patent Document 1 or screw anchors as seen in Patent Document 2 are common. It is said that it is convenient to use because it is easy to pull out even when moving in a greenhouse.
However, since the screw anchor has relatively small blades and a small screwing depth, the pulling force is not so high. Since the spiral pile has a narrow resistance surface, the pulling force is lower than that of the screw anchor.

引抜き力を高くするために、スクリューアンカーの羽根を大きく、さらに全体として長くすることも試みられているが、このようなスクリューアンカーも基本的にはねじ込むものであるために、羽根を大きくするとねじ込み難くなって、かえって作業性を低下させることになる。このため、羽根を大きくしたスクリューアンカーの場合には、ねじ込みではなく掘削した穴に埋め込んで設置することも行われている。
引抜き力を高くするために、棒状体の先端部にアンカー羽根を、打ち込み時に閉じ、引抜き作用時に開となるように回動自在に取り付けたアンカー杭も、例えば特許文献３，４，５で提案されている。
特開２００３−１６９５４８号公報特開平４−３４３９８４号公報特開平７−３０５３５０号公報特開２００３−３０６９３５号公報特開平９−１３３７１号公報 In order to increase the pulling force, attempts have been made to make the blades of the screw anchor larger and longer as a whole, but such screw anchors are also basically screwed in. It becomes difficult, and on the contrary, workability is lowered. For this reason, in the case of a screw anchor having a larger blade, it is also installed by being buried in a drilled hole instead of being screwed.
For example, Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5 propose anchor piles in which anchor blades are attached to the tip of a rod-like body so that the pulling force can be closed and closed when driven and opened so that it can be opened when pulling. Has been.
JP 2003-169548 A JP-A-4-343984 JP 7-305350 A JP 2003-306935 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-13371

ところで特許文献１，２で提案されているようなねじ込み式のアンカー杭は、前記したように引抜き力が弱い。
また特許文献３〜５で提案されているような、開閉式の羽根を有するアンカー杭は、打ち込むだけで引抜き力の高いアンカーとなるため、構造物を長期にわたって、或いは強風下でも安定的に固定できると言う観点からは優れたものである。しかしながら、構造が複雑であるためにコストが非常に高くなり、実際のビニールハウス等の構築には使い難い。
本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、構造が単純で製造コストが低いにもかかわらず、引抜き力の高いアンカー杭を提供することを目的とする。 By the way, the screw-in type anchor pile as proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 has a weak pull-out force as described above.
In addition, anchor piles with open / close type blades as proposed in Patent Documents 3 to 5 become anchors with high pulling force just by driving in, so the structure can be fixed stably over a long period of time or even under strong winds. It is excellent from the viewpoint of being able to do it. However, since the structure is complicated, the cost is very high, and it is difficult to use it for constructing an actual greenhouse or the like.
The present invention has been devised to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an anchor pile having a high pulling force even though the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

本発明のアンカー杭は、その目的を達成するため、平面部及びその両側端から略垂直に立ち上がる縦壁部を持つ抵抗板と、当該抵抗板の平面部縦壁部側中央に先端が固着され、他端に根がらみ固定部が形成された本体棒からなることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the object, the anchor pile according to the present invention has a resistance plate having a vertical wall portion that rises substantially vertically from the flat portion and both side ends thereof, and a tip end fixed to the flat wall vertical wall side center of the resistance plate. It is characterized by comprising a main body rod having a root and a fixing portion formed at the other end.

本発明のアンカー杭は、断面樋型の抵抗板と、その中央部に固着された本体棒からなっている。このため、所定のサイズに掘られた穴に挿入して埋め戻せば、強固な固定アンカーとなる。
構造も単なる断面樋型の溝形鋼と丸棒から形作られる形状になっているために、低コストで製造できるばかりでなく、縦壁部を有する抵抗板の土に対する抵抗が大きくなるので引抜き力の高いアンカー杭となる。 The anchor pile according to the present invention is composed of a resistance plate having a saddle-shaped cross section and a main body stick fixed to the central portion thereof. For this reason, if it inserts in the hole dug to predetermined size and it fills up, it will become a firm fixed anchor.
Since the structure is simply formed from a vertical cross-section grooved steel and a round bar, not only can it be manufactured at low cost, but also the resistance of the resistance plate with the vertical wall to the soil increases, so the pulling force It becomes a high anchor pile.

本発明アンカー杭の構造を図１に基づいて説明する。
本発明アンカー杭１０は、抵抗板１と本体棒４とで構成されている。
抵抗板１は、断面樋型で平面部２とその両側端から略垂直に立ち上がる縦壁部３を有している。本体棒４は、その先端部が前記抵抗板１の平面部２の縦壁部側中央に固着され、また他端にはビニールハウス等の構築物を構成する根がらみパイプを固定する根がらみ固定部５が形成されている。 The structure of this invention anchor pile is demonstrated based on FIG.
The anchor pile 10 of the present invention is composed of a resistance plate 1 and a main body bar 4.
The resistance plate 1 has a vertical cross-sectional shape and has a flat portion 2 and a vertical wall portion 3 that rises substantially vertically from both side ends thereof. The main body bar 4 has a distal end portion fixed to the center of the vertical wall portion side of the flat portion 2 of the resistance plate 1 and a root fixing portion for fixing a root pipe constituting a structure such as a greenhouse at the other end. 5 is formed.

抵抗板１には、市販の溝形鋼を単に切断するのみでそのまま用いることができる。強度の高いアンカー杭とするためには、板厚の厚い溝形鋼を用いることが好ましい。本体棒４を強固に固着するためには、平面部の中央に本体棒４を挿通することが可能な径の貫通孔を設けることが好ましい。
本体棒４にも、市販の丸棒を用いることができる。一端を曲げて根がらみ固定部５を形作る。先端を前記抵抗板１の平面部２中央に固着するが、固着方法は特に制限されない。単に先端部と平面部を溶接接合しただけでも良いが、固着強度を高めるためには、抵抗板１の平面部２中央に設けた貫通孔に本体棒４の先端を挿通させ、挿通部を溶接で固着したり、本体棒の先端に雄ネジを彫ってナットで固定したりしても良い。
製造コストと製品の強度の兼合いを考慮すると、本体棒の先端を抵抗板の平面部中央の貫通孔に挿通した後、抵抗板の両面から溶接して両者を固着することが好ましい。 The resistance plate 1 can be used as it is by simply cutting a commercially available channel steel. In order to obtain an anchor pile with high strength, it is preferable to use a thick steel sheet having a large thickness. In order to firmly fix the main bar 4, it is preferable to provide a through-hole having a diameter through which the main bar 4 can be inserted in the center of the flat portion.
A commercially available round bar can also be used for the main body bar 4. One end is bent to form the root fixing part 5. The tip is fixed to the center of the flat portion 2 of the resistance plate 1, but the fixing method is not particularly limited. The tip part and the flat part may be simply welded together, but in order to increase the fixing strength, the tip of the main body rod 4 is inserted into the through hole provided in the center of the flat part 2 of the resistance plate 1 and the insertion part is welded. It is also possible to fix it with, or to carve a male screw at the tip of the main body bar and fix it with a nut.
In consideration of the balance between the manufacturing cost and the strength of the product, it is preferable to insert the tip of the main body rod through the through hole in the center of the flat portion of the resistance plate and then weld both sides of the resistance plate to fix them.

次に、本発明アンカー杭１０の設置方法について説明する。
図２に示すように、設置するビニールハウス等の構造物のサイズや設置場所に応じて、アンカー杭埋め込み位置を設定する。この埋め込み位置に、アンカー杭１０の抵抗板の大きさ及び本体棒の長さに応じた穴を、抱きスコップ等を用いて人力で、或いはアースオーガー等を用いて機械的に掘る。作業性を考慮すると、アースオーガーを用いることが好ましい。
なお、図２中、１１は根がらみ，１２は主アーチ，１３は肩用直管，１４は外母屋，１５は補助アーチである。 Next, the installation method of this invention anchor pile 10 is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 2, the anchor pile embedding position is set according to the size of the structure such as a greenhouse to be installed and the installation location. At this embedding position, a hole corresponding to the size of the resistance plate of the anchor pile 10 and the length of the main body rod is dug manually using a holding scoop or mechanically using an earth auger or the like. In consideration of workability, it is preferable to use an earth auger.
In FIG. 2, 11 is a root, 12 is a main arch, 13 is a shoulder straight pipe, 14 is an outer purlin, and 15 is an auxiliary arch.

この穴の底面に、本発明アンカー杭を立て、掘削した土を埋め戻す。アンカー杭の引抜き力を高くするためには、埋め戻しの際に、埋め戻した土を締め固める必要がある。
締め固め力を高めるためには、埋め戻しを数回に分割し、その都度、角材やランマー等を用いて突き固めたり、例えば図３に示すような専用の突き固め治具を用いて図４のように突き固めたりすることが好ましい。
図中、２０が突き固め治具，３０が埋め戻しの土で、１６は突き固め治具の重り、１７は同柄である。 The anchor pile according to the present invention is erected on the bottom of the hole, and the excavated soil is backfilled. In order to increase the pulling force of the anchor pile, it is necessary to compact the backfilled soil during backfilling.
In order to increase the compaction force, the backfilling is divided into several times, and each time, it is tamped with square bars, rammer, or the like, for example, using a dedicated tamping jig as shown in FIG. It is preferable to taminate as follows.
In the figure, 20 is a tamping jig, 30 is a backfill soil, 16 is a weight of the tamping jig, and 17 is the same pattern.

以上に説明した通り、本発明によるアンカー杭は、構造が極めて簡素である。このため、前記特許文献３〜５で提案したアンカー杭と比べて格段に低コストで製造できる。
また、本発明アンカー杭の抵抗板は、引抜き方向に直行する面体を主構成材料としている。このため、引抜き抵抗を高めることができる。さらに、抵抗板を構成する平面部の両側端に縦壁部を備えているために、抵抗板の剛性が高くなり、強い力で引抜いても抵抗板の変形は少なく、結果として剛性の高いアンカー杭を提供することができる。 As explained above, the anchor pile according to the present invention has a very simple structure. For this reason, compared with the anchor pile proposed in the said patent documents 3-5, it can manufacture at low cost.
Moreover, the resistance plate of the anchor pile according to the present invention uses a face body that is orthogonal to the drawing direction as a main constituent material. For this reason, the drawing resistance can be increased. Furthermore, because the resistance plate is provided with vertical wall portions at both ends of the flat portion constituting the resistance plate, the resistance plate has high rigidity. Even if the resistance plate is pulled out with a strong force, there is little deformation of the resistance plate, resulting in a highly rigid anchor. Pile can be provided.

次に、実際にアンカー杭を試作し、土に埋め込んだときの引抜き耐力試験を行って、本発明アンカー杭の有用性を確認した。
抵抗板には、［‐１５０×５０×３．２の構造用溝形鋼を２２０ｍｍの長さに切断して用いた。そしてその中央にφ１３．２ｍｍの孔を穿った。また、本体棒には、φ１３ｍｍの構造用棒鋼を用いた。棒鋼の一端を曲げて根がらみ固定部を形作った後、他端を前記抵抗板の孔に挿し込み、両面からアーク溶接して、全体長さ８１５ｍｍのアンカー杭を作製した。 Next, an anchor pile was actually made as a prototype, and a pulling strength test was performed when the anchor pile was embedded in the soil to confirm the usefulness of the anchor pile of the present invention.
As the resistance plate, [-150 × 50 × 3.2 structural channel steel cut to 220 mm length was used. A hole of φ13.2 mm was drilled in the center. Also, a structural bar with a diameter of 13 mm was used for the main body bar. After bending one end of the steel bar to form a root fixing part, the other end was inserted into the hole of the resistance plate and arc-welded from both sides to produce an anchor pile with a total length of 815 mm.

上記で作製したアンカー杭を砂質の土に７１０ｍｍの深さで埋め込んで引抜き耐力試験を行った。
なお、埋め込み方法として次の３種の方法を採用した。
（１）重機で周辺を掘削し、４分割で埋め戻し、その都度角材で突き固めた。
（２）抵抗板よりひと回り大きい穴を抱きスコップで掘削し、４分割で埋め戻し、その都度角材で突き固めた。
（３）抵抗板が納まる程度の矩形穴を抱きスコップで掘削し、４分割で埋め戻し、その都度角材で突き固めた。 The anchor pile produced above was embedded in sandy soil at a depth of 710 mm, and a pulling strength test was performed.
Note that the following three methods were employed as the embedding method.
(1) The surroundings were excavated with heavy machinery, backfilled in four parts, and each time they were crushed with square wood.
(2) A hole that was slightly larger than the resistance plate was held, drilled with a scoop, backfilled in four divisions, and each time it was tamped with squarewood.
(3) A rectangular hole enough to fit the resistance plate was held, excavated with a scoop, backfilled in four parts, and each time it was solidified with squarewood.

引抜き耐力試験は、支持設備に２トン用のチェーンブロックと２トン用の吊りはかりを吊り下げたものを用い、チェーンブロックを手動で巻き上げてアンカー杭を引抜いた。抜けたときの荷重を測定して実測最大荷重とするとともに、アンカー杭を引抜いた後の穴の状態及び杭の抵抗板に付着した土の状態を観察した。
その結果を表１に示す。 In the pull-out strength test, a 2-ton chain block and a 2-ton suspension scale were suspended from the support facility, and the anchor pile was pulled out by manually lifting the chain block. The load at the time of pulling out was measured to obtain the actual measured maximum load, and the state of the hole after the anchor pile was pulled out and the state of the soil attached to the resistance plate of the pile were observed.
The results are shown in Table 1.

なお、地中押込み式パイプハウス安全構造指針の許容引抜き耐力の決定方式に準拠すると、引抜き耐力は実測最大荷重の２／３になる。この方式に従うと、前記試験での引抜き耐力は、（１）で９５３ｋｇ，（２）で１１１３ｋｇ，（３）で１１６７ｋｇとなり、重機による掘削以外では引抜き耐力は１０００ｋｇを超えている。
ちなみに、先端に大きさが１００ｍｍの羽根が一重に溶接接合された埋め込み深さ４００ｍｍの現行スクリューアンカーの引抜き耐力が２００ｋｇ程度であることを考えると、サイズの効果を考慮しても、本発明アンカー杭が優れた引抜き耐力を有していることがわかる。 In addition, if it conforms to the determination method of the allowable pulling strength of the underground push-in type pipe house safety structure guideline, the pulling strength becomes 2/3 of the actually measured maximum load. According to this method, the pulling strength in the test is 953 kg in (1), 1113 kg in (2), and 1167 kg in (3), and the pulling strength is over 1000 kg except for excavation by heavy machinery.
By the way, considering that the pulling strength of the current screw anchor with a embedment depth of 400 mm in which a blade with a size of 100 mm is welded and joined at the tip is about 200 kg, the anchor of the present invention is considered even if the effect of the size is taken into consideration. It can be seen that the pile has excellent pulling strength.

ところで、上記（１）〜（３）は、アンカー杭を埋め込む穴の大きさと埋め戻しの態様、すなわち埋め戻された土の締め固め状態を異にするものである。
そして、アンカー杭の引抜き抵抗は、締め固められた土の土圧による摩擦力と剪断面の表面積の積により求められる。上記（２）と（３）は締め固められた土の土圧は同じであるから、剪断面の表面積の違いによりアンカー杭の引抜き抵抗が変わることになる。上記引抜き試験結果での引抜き穴を引抜きの際の剪断面と仮定すると、その剪断面の表面積は、それぞれの地面盛り上がり範囲の外周長、すなわち（２）での約２３５.２ｃｍ、（３）での約２４８.４ｃｍに比例しているので、（２）の態様に比べ（３）の態様の方が引抜き抵抗が高いことになる。上記表１中で、引抜き荷重が（３）の方が高かった結果と整合している。逆に（１）は、掘削範囲が広いばかりでなく、埋め戻しの際、土の締め固めが不十分であるために、引抜き抵抗が小さくなっている。
このように、アンカー杭を埋める穴は抵抗板が納まる程度の大きさのものとし、埋め戻しの際、極力強く締め固めることが有効である。 By the way, said (1)-(3) makes different the magnitude | size of the hole which embeds an anchor pile, and the aspect of backfilling, ie, the compacted state of the backfilled soil.
And the pulling resistance of an anchor pile is calculated | required by the product of the frictional force by the earth pressure of the compacted soil, and the surface area of a shear surface. In the above (2) and (3), since the earth pressure of the compacted soil is the same, the pullout resistance of the anchor pile varies depending on the surface area of the shear surface. Assuming that the drawing hole in the drawing test result is the shearing surface at the time of drawing, the surface area of the shearing surface is the outer peripheral length of each ground rising range, that is, about 235.2 cm in (2), (3). Therefore, the embodiment (3) has a higher pulling resistance than the embodiment (2). In Table 1 above, the drawing load is consistent with the result of (3) being higher. Conversely, (1) not only has a wide excavation range, but also has a small pulling resistance because of insufficient soil compaction during backfilling.
Thus, it is effective that the hole for filling the anchor pile is of a size that can accommodate the resistance plate, and that it is compacted as much as possible during backfilling.

さらに、引抜き後、付着した土を除去して抵抗板の変形状態を観察した。本体棒と抵抗板の溶接部には全く異常はなかった。ただし、抵抗板の両側縦壁部が１５０ｍｍから１５２〜１５３ｍｍに僅かに広がっていた。この程度の変形であれば、何の問題もなく、再びアンカー杭として利用できる。 Furthermore, after drawing, the adhered soil was removed and the deformation state of the resistance plate was observed. There was no abnormality in the welded part of the main bar and resistance plate. However, the vertical wall portions on both sides of the resistor plate slightly expanded from 150 mm to 152 to 153 mm. With this degree of deformation, it can be used again as an anchor pile without any problems.

本発明アンカー杭の形状を示す図The figure which shows the shape of this invention anchor pile アンカー杭を用いてビニールハウスを固定する態様を説明する図The figure explaining the mode which fixes a greenhouse using an anchor pile 埋め戻しの際に使用する突き固め治具の形状を説明する図Diagram explaining the shape of the tamping jig used for backfilling 突き固め治具を用いて埋め戻し及び突き固め態様を説明する図The figure explaining the backfilling and tamping mode using the tamping jig

Claims

A resistance plate having a flat wall portion and a vertical wall portion that rises substantially perpendicularly from both side ends thereof, and a main body rod having a tip fixed to the flat wall vertical wall side center of the resistance plate and a root fixing portion formed at the other end Anchor pile characterized by consisting of.