JP2006143086A - Parking apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a parking apparatus for a vehicle, regulating or restraining a parking cam from returning to the opposite side to a parking pole. <P>SOLUTION: In this parking apparatus for a vehicle, the parking cam 3 for pressing the parking pole 2 selectively meshing with the parking gear 1 to the parking gear 1 side is held on a parking rod 4 to freely move in the axial direction, and an elastic member 6 is provided to press the parking cam 3 toward the parking pole 2. The apparatus is provided with a regulating means 8 for regulating the parking cam 3 from moving backward to the opposite side to the parking pole 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle parking apparatus that restricts rotation of wheels.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a parking device for maintaining a vehicle in a stopped state, a device configured to fix rotation of a wheel by stopping rotation of an output shaft in a transmission is known. This parking device regulates the rotation of the rotating member provided in the power transmission path between the driving force source and the wheel in order to reduce the load necessary for regulating the rotation of the wheel as much as possible. As an example, there is a parking device that regulates the rotation of the transmission output shaft by pressing the parking pawl toward the parking gear with a parking cam and engaging the parking pawl with the parking gear. It is described in. That is, the "automatic transmission parking mechanism" described in Patent Document 1 is such that the parking cam is always on the rear side (a parking pole is disposed) by a spring (cam spring) having one end fixed to a stopper. Side).

According to the “automatic transmission parking mechanism” described in Patent Document 1, when the parking shift is performed, the parking rod and the parking cam are moved to the rear side, that is, the parking pole side. And the parking pole is pressed toward the parking gear. When the parking pole is further pressed toward the parking gear, the parking pole and the parking gear mesh with each other, and the rotation of the parking gear, that is, the rotation of the output shaft of the transmission is locked.
Utility Model Registration No. 2504795

  In the conventional parking apparatus as described above, when the parking gear is rotated when the parking shift operation is performed and the parking cam contacts the parking pawl and the parking pawl is pressed toward the parking gear, the parking pawl rotates. There is a case where a so-called ratcheting phenomenon occurs in which the parking pole is repeatedly repelled by the rotating parking gear without meshing with the parking gear.

  When such a ratcheting phenomenon occurs, there is a possibility that the parking cam is returned to the side opposite to the parking pole, that is, the direction in which the cam spring is compressed, by being repelled by the parking gear toward the parking cam.

  The present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle parking apparatus capable of regulating or suppressing the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that a parking cam that presses a parking pawl selectively meshing with a parking gear toward the parking gear is held by the parking rod so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof. In the vehicular parking apparatus provided with an elastic member that presses the parking cam toward the parking pole, there is provided a restricting means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole. It is a device.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the regulating means elastically deforms the elastic member so that the parking cam moves backward by a predetermined distance to the opposite side of the parking pole. The apparatus further includes means for stopping the cam and restricting the backward movement of the parking cam.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein when the parking operation for engaging the parking gear and the parking pawl is performed, the regulating means moves the parking cam toward the parking pawl. When the forward movement of the parking rod is set to be movable in the radial direction of the parking rod, the parking cam can be moved forward, and in the radial direction when the parking gear and the parking pole are engaged with each other. The apparatus further comprises means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam constituted by a locking member that protrudes in a direction approaching the parking rod and is engaged with an end face on the backward side of the parking cam. .

  Furthermore, the invention of claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the parking release operation for releasing the engagement between the parking gear and the parking pole is performed, the restriction by the restriction means is performed. It is the apparatus characterized by further providing the cancellation | release means to cancel | release.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the restricting means is configured such that the parking cam and the elastic member when the parking operation for engaging the parking gear and the parking pole is performed. Means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam by selectively interposing a restricting member in a state where the space between the stopper and the parking cam for restricting the end face position of the backward side of the member is filled in the axial direction thereof; It is the apparatus characterized by this.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the restriction means is configured by a member that allows the restriction member to selectively set a straight state and a bent state, and the parking operation is performed. In addition, the apparatus further includes means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam by selectively interposing between the stopper and the parking cam by setting the member in a linear state.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, when the parking gear rotates before the parking pawl meshes with the parking gear when the parking cam and the parking pawl are in contact, the parking pawl is repelled by the parking gear, and the parking cam May be pushed back to the opposite side of the parking pole by the parking pole and move backward, but the backward movement is restricted by the restricting means. Therefore, the backward movement of the parking cam, that is, the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be suppressed.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, the elastic member is elastically deformed by the restricting means, and the parking cam is stopped at a position where the parking cam is moved backward by a predetermined distance to the side opposite to the parking pole. Backward movement is restricted. For example, the parking cam whose elastic member is elastically deformed within its elastic range is moved backward by a predetermined distance to the opposite side of the parking pole, and the parking cam is stopped by the restricting means to restrict the backward movement of the parking cam. The That is, the backward movement of the parking cam is regulated by the regulating means, not the elastic member compressed to the maximum. Therefore, the backward movement of the parking cam, that is, the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be suppressed.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 3, when the parking operation is performed, the locking member is set so that the parking rod can be moved in the radial direction until the parking gear and the parking pole are engaged with each other. The parking pole can be moved forward. When the parking gear and the parking pole are engaged with each other, the locking member protrudes to a position where the locking member is engaged with the end face of the parking cam in the radial direction of the parking rod, and the backward movement of the parking cam is restricted. Therefore, the backward movement of the parking cam, that is, the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 4, when the parking release operation is performed when the parking pole is engaged with the parking gear and the backward movement of the parking cam is restricted by the restricting means, the parking cam The restriction on the backward movement of is released. Therefore, the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be ensured.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 5, when the parking operation is performed, the regulating member that is filled in the axial direction between the parking cam and the stopper that regulates the backward end position of the parking cam is provided. By interposing, the backward movement of the parking cam is restricted. Therefore, the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be suppressed.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the parking operation is performed, the regulating member constituted by a member that can selectively set the linear state and the bent state is set to the linear state, and the parking cam is retracted. It is interposed between the stopper for regulating the end position and the parking cam in a state of being filled in the axial direction. Therefore, the backward movement of the parking cam is restricted, and the return of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole can be suppressed.

  The present invention will be described based on specific examples. First, a configuration example of the parking apparatus P according to the present invention will be described. The parking device P according to the present invention is a device that restricts the rotation of the wheels, and is configured to lock the output shaft of the transmission so that it cannot rotate when the vehicle stops, for example. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the parking apparatus P in the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the parking apparatus P is locked by performing a parking operation.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a part of a parking gear as a cross section in the thickness direction (x direction in FIG. 1). The parking gear 1 is a wheel such as an output shaft or a propeller shaft of a transmission. In addition, it is configured to rotate and stop integrally with a power transmission member (not shown) that rotates at all times, and a convex portion (that is, a tooth) and a concave portion (that is, a tooth groove) are arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion. Are alternately formed. That is, the parking gear 1 has the external tooth 1a comprised from a recessed part and a convex part.

  A parking pole 2 is provided at a position facing the outer periphery of the parking gear 1. The parking pole 2 is formed with a meshing portion 2 a that can be fitted or meshed with a tooth gap between the external teeth 1 a of the parking gear 1. The parking pole 2 has a direction in which the parking pole 2 approaches and disengages from the parking gear 1 (y direction in FIG. 1) so that the engaging portion 2a can selectively engage with the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a. ) Can be stroked. In order to prevent the parking gear 1 from rotating in a state where the meshing portion 2a is engaged with the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a, that is, in a state where the parking pole 2 is engaged with the parking gear 1, for example, It is supported by a fixed transmission case (not shown) or the like.

  Specifically, the parking pole 2 is brought close to the parking gear 1 and the meshing portion 2a is meshed with the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a, that is, the rotation of the parking gear 1 is locked by the parking pole 2. A state in which the parking pole 2 is separated from the parking gear 1 and the meshing portion 2a does not mesh with the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a, that is, a state in which the rotation of the parking gear 1 by the parking pole 2 is unlocked is selectively selected. The parking pole 2 is configured to make a stroke so that the parking pole 2 can move to a position where the parking pole 2 can be set.

  For example, a support shaft having a rotation axis in a direction parallel to or substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction of the parking gear 1 (the x direction in FIG. 1) on one end side of the parking pole 2 having a predetermined distance from the meshing portion 2a. The parking pole 2 is rotated about its support shaft, and the parking pole 2 is stroked so as to selectively engage the meshing portion 2a with the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a, in other words, the parking pole. 2 can be selectively meshed with the parking gear 1.

  A contact portion 2b that contacts the guide surfaces 3a and 3b of the parking cam 3 is formed on the end surface of the parking pole 2 opposite to the meshing portion 2a. For example, in the case of the parking pole 2 having a support shaft provided on one end side as described above, the contact portion 2b is formed on the other end side opposite to the support shaft. .

  On the other hand, the parking cam 3 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical member, and a first guide surface 3 a and a second guide surface 3 b are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the parking cam 3. Here, the direction in which the parking cam 3 approaches the parking pole 2 (or a cam stopper 7 described later) in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion of the parking cam 3, that is, the axial direction of the parking rod 4 described later (x direction in FIG. 1) (see FIG. 1 is defined as the forward direction of the parking cam 3, and the direction in which the parking cam 3 moves away from the parking pole 2 (or a cam stopper 7 described later) (left direction in FIG. 1) Specify the direction. Accordingly, the movement of the parking cam 3 in the direction approaching the parking pole 2 (or cam stopper 7 described later) in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 is the forward movement of the parking cam 3, and the parking pole 2 (or the parking cam 3). The movement in the direction away from the cam stopper 7), which will be described later, is the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  The first guide surface 3a of the parking cam 3 expands from the front end side (right side in FIG. 1), that is, from the forward end surface 3c side which is the end surface on the forward direction side of the parking cam 3 toward the second guide surface 3b side. It is formed in the shape of a conical surface with an inclined diameter. In addition, the second guide surface 3b is inclined so as to increase in diameter from the first guide surface 3a side toward the end surface opposite to the advance end surface 3c, that is, toward the retreat end surface 3d which is the end surface on the retreat direction side of the parking cam 3 (first The guide surface is formed in a conical surface shape having a gentler inclination than the conical surface. The second guide surface 3b can be formed in a cylindrical surface shape that is set to have substantially the same outer diameter over a predetermined length in the axial direction of the hollow portion of the parking cam 3 that is a cylindrical member. is there.

  A parking rod 4 is inserted into the hollow portion of the parking cam 3 and is held by the parking rod 4 so as to be movable in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 1). Here, the axial direction of the parking rod 4 is, for example, in the state where the contact portion 2b of the parking pole 2 is in contact with the first guide surface 3a and the second guide surface 3b of the parking cam 3, as described above. Is set to be parallel or substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction.

  Therefore, when the parking cam 3 moves forward and backward in the axial direction of the parking rod 4, the parking pole 2 in which the contact portion 2b is in contact with the first guide surface 3a and the second guide surface 3b is Stroke in the direction (y direction in FIG. 1). That is, when the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction (right direction in FIG. 1), the contact portion 2b that is in contact with the first guide surface 3a slides along the inclination of the guide surface 3a. 2 gradually moves toward the parking gear 1 (upward in FIG. 1). Accordingly, by moving the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 in the forward direction of the parking cam 3 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4, the parking pole 2 can be pressed against the parking gear 1 side.

  The parking rod 4 is provided with a spring stopper 5 fixed to the parking rod 4, and a cam spring 6 which is an elastic member such as a compression coil spring is provided between the spring stopper 5 and the parking cam 3. It is installed. In other words, the spring stopper 5 is a member that regulates the positions of the parking cam 3 and the cam spring 6 at the retracted end (the left end in FIG. 1) that is the end of the parking cam 3 in the retracting direction. The cam spring 6 has an inner diameter set larger than the maximum inner diameter of the hollow portion of the parking cam 3, and the outer diameter is set smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end surface 3 d of the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5. Has been. Therefore, the parking cam 3 is pressed toward the parking pole 2 by the elastic force of the cam spring 6.

  A cam stopper 7 is formed at the free end of the parking rod 4 and on the end of the parking rod 4 near the parking pole 2 (the right side in FIG. 1). The cam stopper 7 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical member, and the outer diameter of the cam stopper 7 is set larger than the maximum inner diameter of the hollow portion of the parking cam 3. Therefore, the cam stopper 7 can regulate the position of the forward end surface 3 c in the forward direction of the parking cam 3.

  The position of the forward end face 3c, that is, the parking cam 3, regulated by the cam stopper 7 is such that the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged, that is, the engagement portion 2a is engaged with the tooth groove between the external teeth 1a. In other words, in a state where the rotation of the parking gear 1 is locked by the parking pole 2, a predetermined clearance is provided from the position where the forward end surface 3c and the cam stopper 7 abut or the position where the forward end surface 3c and the cam stopper 7 abut. The position is set so that the parking cam 3 is positioned in the backward direction side (left side in FIG. 1).

  Further, the end of the parking rod 4 opposite to the side where the cam stopper 7 is provided (left side in FIG. 1) is connected to a member that rotates in conjunction with a shift operation of a shift lever of a transmission (not shown), for example. In addition, the parking rod 4 is configured to move substantially in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 1) in conjunction with the rotation of the member.

  A stopper 8 is provided between the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5 and on the outer periphery of the parking rod 4 and the cam spring 6. The stopper 8 is formed of a sleeve-shaped member, and the outer diameter thereof is set smaller than the outer diameter of the retracted end surface 3d portion of the parking cam 3, and the inner diameter is not large enough to interfere with the outer peripheral portion of the cam spring 6. Is set to One end of the stopper 8 on the spring stopper 5 side (left side in FIG. 1) is fixed to, for example, the spring stopper 5, and the forward end surface 3 c of the parking cam 3 contacts the cam stopper 7 at the other end. An engaging end face 8a is formed in contact with the receding end face 3d with a predetermined distance D1.

  Therefore, when the parking cam 3 is moved backward by a distance of a predetermined distance D1 from the state in which the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7, that is, the distance of the predetermined distance D1 from the state in which the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7 is changed from the parking pole 2. When moving to the opposite side (left side in FIG. 1), the retracting end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 and the engaging end surface 8a of the stopper 8 come into contact with each other, and the retracting movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted or suppressed. Accordingly, the stopper 8 is a so-called restricting means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam 3 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 (left side in FIG. 1) by engaging the parking cam 3. Function as. The stopper 8 compresses or elastically deforms the cam spring 6 so that the parking cam 3 is moved backward by a predetermined distance (in the above example, the predetermined interval D1) to the opposite side of the parking pole 2. It also functions as a means for stopping and restricting the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  Here, the predetermined interval D1 is a position in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 of the backward end surface 3d in a state where the forward end surface 3c of the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7 (that is, a position indicated by a straight line A in FIG. 1). To the position in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 of the retreat end face 3d in a so-called "non-meshing" state between a parking gear 1 and a parking pole 2 to be described later (that is, a position indicated by a straight line B in FIG. 1). It is set to an interval equal to the stroke S at the time of so-called “non-engagement” or an interval longer by a predetermined clearance (that is, an interval from the position indicated by the straight line A to the position indicated by the straight line B ′ in FIG. 1). .

  Next, the operation of the parking apparatus P in the first embodiment will be described. The parking rod 4 is configured to be interlocked with the shift operation of the shift lever of the transmission as described above. When the shift lever is switched to the parking range, the parking rod 4 approaches the parking pole 2 (FIG. 1). To the right). As the parking rod 4 moves, the parking cam 3 similarly moves in the direction approaching the parking pole 2 (right direction in FIG. 1).

  When the parking cam 3 moves in a direction approaching the parking pole 2, the first guide surface 3 a of the parking cam 3 comes into contact with the contact portion 2 b of the parking pole 2. Further, when the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 move in a direction approaching the parking pole 2 (right direction in FIG. 1), the contact portion 2b slides along the inclination of the first guide surface 3a, and the parking pole 2 moves away from the parking rod 4, that is, in a direction approaching the parking gear 1 (upward in FIG. 1). In other words, the parking pole 2 strokes so as to approach the parking gear 1 in the stroke direction.

  Therefore, when the parking device P operates as described above, the parking pole 2 strokes so as to approach the parking gear 1. At this time, if the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 and the meshing portion 2a of the parking pole 2 are in the same phase in the circumferential direction of the parking gear 1, the meshing portion 2a is between the external teeth 1a. Fits into the tooth gap. That is, the parking pole 2 is pressed against the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged. In other words, when the shift lever of the parking device P is switched to the parking range, that is, when the parking operation of the parking device P is performed, the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged.

  Specifically, when the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in the same phase, the parking rod 4 is moved in the forward direction of the parking cam 3 by the shift operation, and the parking cam 3 is also parked accordingly. As the cam 3 moves in the forward direction, the abutting portion 2a operates along the first guide surface 3a. Furthermore, as the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction of the parking cam 3 by a shift operation, the parking pole 2 rides on the second guide surface 3b as shown in FIG. And the meshing part 2a fits in the tooth gap between each external tooth 1a, and the movement in the stroke direction of the parking pole 2 stops.

  As a result, when the parking operation is performed, the meshing portion 2a of the parking pole 2 is fitted into the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1, and the rotation of the parking gear 1 is locked by the parking pole 2. Thus, the rotation of the parking gear 1 and the output shaft is restricted, and a so-called “meshing” state is established. At this time, the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction by the elastic force of the cam spring 6 until the forward end surface 3c contacts the cam stopper 7, and the position of the backward end surface 3d at that time in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 is as described above. As described above, the position is indicated by a straight line A in FIG.

  On the other hand, in the circumferential direction of the parking gear 1, when the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in different phases, the tooth tip surface 1b of the external tooth 1a and the meshing portion 2a The engagement portion 2a of the parking pole 2 is a tooth between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 when the parking gear 1 is in contact with the tip surface 2c on the side facing the parking gear 1 (upper side in FIG. 1). A so-called “non-engagement” state is achieved in which the groove is not inserted.

  In such a “non-engagement” state, the tooth tip surface 1b and the tip surface 2c come into contact with each other, whereby the movement of the parking pole 2 in the stroke direction is stopped and the parking cam 3 is moved to the first guide. The surface 3a is stopped while being in contact with the contact portion 2b of the parking pole 2, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 are relatively moved, and the cam spring 6 is compressed by the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5. As a result, the state where the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are not meshed is continued. At this time, the parking cam 3 compresses the cam spring 6 and moves in the backward direction. At this time, the position of the backward end surface 3d in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 is the straight line B in FIG. It becomes the position shown.

  Further, in the parking apparatus P as described above, the parking cam 3 and the parking pole 2 are in a transitional state until the parking operation is performed and the "meshing" state in which the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 are engaged with each other. When the parking gear 1 rotates while the parking pawl 2 is pressed against the parking gear 1, the meshing portion 2a of the parking pawl 2 and the tooth groove between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 do not mesh. In addition, there may be a so-called ratcheting phenomenon in which the meshing portion 2a is repeatedly repelled by each external tooth 1a of the parking gear 1 rotating.

  When such a ratcheting phenomenon occurs, the meshing portions 2a are repelled by the external teeth 1a toward the parking cam 3, and the contact portions 2b that are in contact with the first guide surfaces 3a are inclined to the first guide surfaces 3a. Are pushed toward the axis of the parking cam 3 and the parking rod 4. Then, the parking cam 3 is returned in the backward direction, that is, the side opposite to the parking pole 2, that is, the direction in which the cam spring 6 is compressed.

  At this time, by setting the elastic force of the cam spring 6 strongly, the return of the parking cam 3 in the direction in which the cam spring 6 is compressed can be suppressed. However, if the elastic force of the cam spring 6 is increased, the shift lever can be operated when the cam spring 6 is compressed during parking operation, for example, when the shift lever is switched to the parking range. The so-called shift feeling may be reduced, for example, when a large force is required.

  As described above, in consideration of the shift feeling, there is a limitation in setting the elastic force of the cam spring 6 to suppress the return of the parking cam 3 in the direction in which the cam spring 6 is compressed. When the return of 3 in the backward direction becomes large, the time required for the parking cam 3 to press the parking pole 2 toward the parking gear 1 again in order to engage the parking pole 2 with the parking gear 1 becomes long. As a result, the number of rotations at which the rotation of the parking gear 1 can be locked, in other words, the vehicle speed at which the rotation of the output shaft can be locked decreases, and the rotation of the parking gear 1, that is, the rotation of the output shaft cannot be locked at the desired vehicle speed. There is.

  Therefore, in the parking apparatus P according to the first embodiment, as described above, the parking cam 3 moves backward even when the parking gear 1 rotates while the parking cam 3 and the parking pole 2 are in contact with each other. A stopper 8 that can restrict or suppress the return to the direction is provided. Therefore, for example, as described above, when the parking cam 1 rotates when the parking cam 3 and the parking pole 2 are in contact with each other, and the so-called ratcheting phenomenon occurs, the parking cam 3 moves in the backward direction. Even so, when the retracting end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 abuts and engages with the engaging end surface 8a of the stopper 8, the movement of the parking cam 3 in the retracting direction is restricted or suppressed.

  That is, when a parking operation for engaging the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed, the parking cam 3 moves backward in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 (left side in FIG. 1). However, the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is regulated by being brought into contact with and engaged with the engaging end surface 8a of the stopper 8. As a result, it can be avoided that the time required for the parking cam 3 to largely return in the backward direction and the parking cam 3 to press the parking pole 2 toward the parking gear 1 is longer than the initial time. The rotation of the parking gear 1, that is, the rotation of the output shaft can be locked at a desired vehicle speed.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the parking apparatus P according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Like FIG. 1, the parking apparatus P is parked in FIG. Shows a locked state. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 and description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 2, the parking cam 3 has a parking rod 9 inserted through a hollow portion thereof, and is held by the parking rod 9 so as to be movable in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 2) in a small diameter portion of the parking rod described later. Has been. Here, the axial direction of the parking rod 9 is the same as the parking rod 4 in the first embodiment described above, for example, the contact portion 2b of the parking pole 2, the first guide surface 3a and the second guide of the parking cam 3. In a state in which the surface 3b comes into contact, the direction is set to be parallel or substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction of the parking gear 1 described above.

  Therefore, when the parking cam 3 moves in the axial direction of the parking rod 9, the parking pole 2 in which the contact portion 2b is in contact with the first guide surface 3a and the second guide surface 3b is moved in the stroke direction (FIG. 2). In the y direction). That is, when the parking cam 3 moves in a direction approaching the parking pole 2 (right direction in FIG. 2), the contact portion 2b that is in contact with the first guide surface 3a slides along the inclination of the guide surface 3a. Therefore, the parking pole 2 gradually moves in a direction approaching the parking gear 1 (upward in FIG. 2). Therefore, by moving the parking rod 9 and the parking cam 3 in the direction approaching the parking pole 2 (right direction in FIG. 2) in the axial direction of the parking rod 9, the parking pole 2 can be pressed against the parking gear 1 side. it can.

  Similar to the parking rod 4 in the first embodiment, the parking rod 9 is provided with a spring stopper 5 fixed to the parking rod 9, and between the spring stopper 5 and the parking cam 3. A cam spring 6 is attached.

  Further, a cam stopper 7 is formed at the free end of the parking rod 9 and on the end of the parking rod 9 on the side close to the parking pole 2 (right side in FIG. 2). Note that the end of the parking rod 9 opposite to the side where the cam stopper 7 is provided (left side in FIG. 2) is connected to a member that rotates in conjunction with a shift operation of a shift lever of a transmission (not shown), for example. In addition, the parking rod 9 is configured to move substantially in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 2) in conjunction with the rotation of the member.

  The parking rod 9 is provided with a step portion 9 a at a predetermined position between the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5 in a state where the forward end surface 3 c is in contact with the cam stopper 7. The predetermined position between the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5 is separated from the backward end surface 3d in the direction of the spring stopper 5 by a predetermined distance D1 when the forward end surface 3c of the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7. It is the position. That is, it is the same position as the engaging end face 8a of the stopper 8 in the first embodiment described above, and is the position indicated by the straight line B or the straight line B 'in FIGS.

  Further, the stepped portion 9a is a portion that is set to have an outer diameter that differs in size on the left and right of the position indicated by the straight line B or the straight line B ′ in FIG. Is formed with an engagement end surface 9b opposite to the receding end surface 3d. That is, with respect to the outer diameter d1 of the spring stopper 5 side (left side in FIG. 2) from the position indicated by the straight line B or B ′, the cam stopper 7 side (see FIG. 2 is set so that the outer diameter d2 of the portion on the right side) becomes smaller. The outer diameter d1 is set larger than the maximum inner diameter of the hollow portion of the parking cam 3, the outer diameter d2 is smaller than the maximum inner diameter of the hollow portion of the parking cam 3, and the parking rod 9 has a small diameter portion, that is, a portion of the outer diameter d2. The size is set such that the parking cam 3 is movable in the axial direction.

  Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, when the parking cam 3 moves backward by a predetermined distance D1 from the state where the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7, that is, the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7. When the distance of the predetermined distance D1 is moved from the state to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 (the left side in FIG. 2), the retreat end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 and the engagement end surface 9b come into contact with each other, and the parking cam 3 Backward movement is restricted or suppressed.

  Therefore, the engagement end surface 9b of the step portion 9a of the parking rod 9 is in a state where the forward end surface 3c of the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7 in the same manner as the engagement end surface 8a in the first embodiment described above. The parking cam 3 is engaged with the backward movement of the parking cam 3 opposite to the parking pole 2 (left side in FIG. 2) in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 so as to face the backward end surface 3d with a predetermined distance D1. It functions as a so-called restricting means for restricting it. Further, the engagement end surface 9b of the step 9a of the parking rod 9 compresses or elastically deforms the cam spring 6 so that the parking cam 3 moves away from the parking pole 2 by a predetermined distance (in the above example, the predetermined distance D1). It also functions as means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam 3 by locking the parking cam 3 at the backward movement position.

  Next, the operation of the parking device P in the second embodiment will be described. As described in the configuration example of the second embodiment of the parking apparatus P described above, in the second embodiment, the engagement end surface 9b that functions in the same manner as the engagement end surface 8a in the first embodiment described above is provided. Is provided. That is, in the second embodiment, an engagement end surface 9b is provided instead of the engagement end surface 8a in the first embodiment, and the parking gear 1 is in contact with the parking cam 3 and the parking pole 2. This is an example in which the return of the parking cam 3 in the backward direction (the left direction in FIG. 2) can be restricted or suppressed even when is rotated.

  Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, in the parking device P in the second embodiment, the parking gear 1 rotates when the parking cam 3 and the parking pole 2 are in contact with each other, so-called. When the ratcheting phenomenon occurs, even if the parking cam 3 moves in the backward direction, the backward end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 comes into contact with and engages with the engaging end surface 9b of the parking rod 9, whereby the parking cam 3 The movement in the backward direction of 3 is restricted or suppressed.

  That is, when a parking operation is performed to engage the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2, the parking cam 3 moves backward in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 (left side in FIG. 2). However, the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is regulated by being brought into contact with and engaged with the engaging end surface 9b of the parking rod 9. As a result, it can be avoided that the time required for the parking cam 3 to largely return in the backward direction and the parking cam 3 to press the parking pole 2 toward the parking gear 1 is longer than the initial time. The rotation of the parking gear 1, that is, the rotation of the output shaft can be locked at a desired vehicle speed.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the parking device P according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Like FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the parking operation of the parking device P is shown in FIG. Shows the locked state. The same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. That is, in FIG. 3 (a), the same parking device as in the first embodiment, which includes the parking gear 1, the parking pole 2, the parking cam 3, the parking rod 4, the spring stopper 5, the cam spring 6, and the cam stopper 7. A part of the configuration of P is shown inserted into the lock sleeve 10. FIG. 3B is a side view of FIG. 3A viewed from the forward end side of the parking cam 3 (the right side in FIG. 3A).

  In FIG. 3, the lock sleeve 10 is formed of, for example, an annular member, and a semicircular hole 10a is formed at one end (right side in FIG. 3A). The hole 10a is set so that the central axis C thereof is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the output shaft or the rotation axis direction of the parking gear 1, and has a holding surface 10b that forms the hole 10a. . The holding surface 10b is formed substantially parallel to the central axis C. That is, the holding surface 10b is formed in an arc shape in a predetermined angle range centered on the central axis C. A guide hole 10c is formed at the other end (the left side in FIG. 3B) of the lock sleeve 10. An arcuate guide surface 10d extending in the direction of the central axis C is formed on the inner periphery of the guide hole 10c. Further, on the inner periphery of the guide hole 10c and closer to the holding surface 10b than the guide surface 10d (on the right side in FIG. 3A), the inclined surfaces 10e respectively continuous with the holding surface 10b and the guide surface 10d. Is formed.

  An insertion hole 10f through which the locking claw 11 is inserted is formed at a predetermined position on the inclined surface 10e. Further, the engaging claw 11 is formed with an engaging end surface 11a facing the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 when the parking device P is in the “meshing” state, and the engaging end surface 11a in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 At the opposite side (left side in FIG. 3A), the thickness of the locking claw 11 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 toward the tip of the locking claw 11 (the upper end in FIG. 3A) is A decreasing arcuate or inclined guide surface 11b is formed. That is, the guide surface 11b is configured so that the parking cam 3 and the parking rod 4 are moved in the forward direction of the parking cam 3 (right direction in FIG. 3A) before the parking device P enters the “engagement” state. When it is moved, it slides in contact with the guide surface 3a and the guide surface 3b of the parking cam 3, and at that time, the locking portion 11 moves away from the axis of the parking rod 4 (FIG. 3 (a)). (Downward direction) is formed in a shape (inclination) such that a predetermined load acts.

  And the latching claw 11 is connected with the shaft 14a of the solenoid switch 14 provided in the exterior of the transaxle case 13 through the connection member 12, for example. The shaft 14a is, for example, a return spring 14b formed by a compression coil spring or the like on the connecting member 12 side (FIG. 3A) in the axial direction of the coil portion 14c of the solenoid switch 14 (y direction in FIG. 3A). To the upper side).

  The solenoid switch 14 is an ON-OFF solenoid switch that is turned on when energized. The solenoid switch 14 is energized when receiving a predetermined electrical signal from the shift lever 15, and is turned on, that is, the shaft 14a. Is pulled by the magnetic force generated in the coil portion 14c, in other words, the shaft 14a is moved downward in FIG. 3A against the elastic force of the return spring 14b. Here, the predetermined electric signal from the shift lever 15 means that the parking lever P is locked, that is, when the parking release operation for releasing the meshing state of the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed, for example, the shift lever 15 is parked. This is a signal that is output to the solenoid switch 15 to operate the solenoid switch 14 in an ON state when an operation for shifting to a range other than the parking range is performed from the state shifted to the range. FIG. 3A shows a state where the solenoid switch 14 is OFF. Reference numeral 16 denotes an oil seal.

  In this way, the locking claw 11 is connected to the solenoid switch 14 via the connecting member 12, so that the locking claw 11 is in the radial direction of the lock sleeve 10, that is, in the radial direction of the parking rod 4 (that is, FIG. ) In the y direction). That is, when the solenoid switch 14 is OFF, the locking claw 11 is always pressed in the direction approaching the axis of the parking rod 4 (upward in FIG. 3A) by the elastic force of the return spring 14b. In other words, it protrudes in a direction approaching the axis of the parking rod 4. And the latching claw 11 can move to the load direction against the elastic force of the return spring 14b, when a predetermined load acts in the direction away from the axial center of the parking rod 4 in that state. Further, when the solenoid switch 14 is turned on, it is possible to maintain a state in which the locking claw 11 has moved in a direction away from the axis of the parking rod 4.

  Further, as described above, the locking claw 11 is inserted into the insertion hole 10f provided at a predetermined position of the inclined surface 10e. In this case, the predetermined position is the engagement end surface 11a of the locking claw 11. The position of the parking rod 4 in the axial direction is the position of the backward end surface 3d when the forward end surface 3c of the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7 (that is, the position indicated by the straight line A in FIG. 3A), or The position of the parking cam 3 in the backward direction (left side in FIG. 3A) (that is, the position indicated by the straight line A ′ in FIG. 3A), that is, the parking pole 2 and the parking space by a predetermined clearance. It is set so as to be in the position of the receding end face 3d in a state where the gear 1 is engaged.

  Then, the position of the tip of the latching claw 11 when the latching claw 11 operates in the radial direction of the lock sleeve 10 is such that the tip of the latching claw 11 and the axis of the parking rod 4 when the solenoid switch 14 is OFF. When the distance from the center is set to be smaller than the radius of the outer diameter portion of the backward end surface 3d of the barking cam 3, and when the solenoid switch 14 is in the ON state, the tip of the locking claw 11 and the parking rod 4 The distance from the shaft center is set to be larger than the radius of the outer diameter portion of the receding end face 3d of the barking cam 3.

  Therefore, when the solenoid switch 14 is in the OFF state, the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is in the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. 3A, that is, the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged. In this state, the engagement end surface 11a of the locking claw 11 and the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 face each other and come into contact with each other or approach each other. Therefore, when the parkin cam 3 tries to move backward from the parking pole 2 to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 (left side in FIG. 3A), the engagement end surface 11a and the back end surface 3d are engaged, and the parking cam 3 moves backward. Movement is restricted. That is, the locking claw 11 enables the parking cam 3 to move forward with the solenoid switch 14 being OFF, and the parking rod 4 shaft when the parking pawl 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged. The parking cam 3 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 serves as an engaging member that protrudes in a direction approaching the center and faces the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 and engages with the retracted end surface 3d when the parking cam 3 moves backward. Functions as a so-called restricting means for restricting the backward movement to the opposite side of the parking pole 2 (the left side in FIG. 3A).

  On the other hand, when the solenoid switch 14 is in the ON state, the position of the locking claw 11 is such that the distance between the tip of the locking claw 11 and the axis of the parking rod 4 is larger than the radius of the outer diameter portion of the backward end surface 3d of the barking cam 3. The engagement end surface 11a and the retracted end surface 3d are not engaged with each other as in the case where the solenoid switch 14 is in the OFF state. In other words, the parking cam is obtained by engaging the parking cam 3. The restriction on the backward movement 3 is released. That is, when the solenoid switch 14 is in the ON state, the locking claw 11 functions as so-called releasing means for releasing the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 caused by engaging the parking cam 3.

  Next, the operation of the parking apparatus P in the third embodiment will be described. First, when the shift lever 15 is switched from a range other than the parking range to the parking range, that is, when a parking operation for engaging the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 is performed, the first and second embodiments described above are used. Similarly to the case, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 move in the direction approaching the parking pole 2 (the right direction in FIG. 3A), that is, in the forward direction of the parking cam 3. In this case, the solenoid switch 14 is in an OFF state, that is, the locking claw 11 is operable in the radial direction of the lock sleeve 10, that is, in the radial direction of the parking rod 4.

  When the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction, the first guide surface 3a of the parking cam 3 and the guide surface 11b of the locking claw 11 slide while abutting, and at this time, the axis of the parking rod 4 is brought into contact with the guide surface 11b. When the load in the direction away from the center (the downward direction in FIG. 3A) acts, the locking claw 11 moves away from the axis of the parking rod 4 against the elastic force of the return spring 14b. .

  When the parking cam 3 further moves in the forward direction, the guide surface 11b continues to slide while contacting the second guide surface 3b following the first guide surface 3a. When the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 moves until reaching the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. 3A, the contact state between the guide surface 11b and the second guide surface 3b is canceled, The locking claw 11 is pressed by the elastic force of the return spring 14 b and moves in a direction approaching the axis of the parking rod 4. That is, the locking claw 11 is projected in a direction approaching the axis of the parking rod 4 in the radial direction of the lock sleeve 10. As a result, the engagement claw 11 comes into contact with or close to the engagement end surface 11a of the engagement claw 11 and the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 by a predetermined clearance. Then, when the engagement end surface 11a and the retreat end surface 3d come into contact with each other or come close to each other, the retreat movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted or suppressed.

  In addition, as the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction as described above, the first guide surface 3a of the parking cam 3 and the first guide surface 3a of the parking cam 3 are slid while contacting the first guide surface 3a and the guide surface 11b. The abutting portion 2b of the parking pole 2 abuts, the abutting portion 2b slides along the inclination of the first guide surface 3a, and the parking pole 2 moves away from the parking rod 4, that is, the direction approaching the parking gear 1. (Upward in FIG. 3A). In other words, the parking pole 2 strokes so as to approach the parking gear 1 in the stroke direction (y direction in FIG. 3A). When the retracting end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 moves until reaching the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. 3A, the parking pawl 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged, that is, the parking device P is It will be locked.

  Therefore, the structure in which the locking claw 11 is pressed by the elastic force of the return spring 14b via the connecting member 12 and the shaft 14a as described above is a parking rod that acts on the guide surface 11b when the solenoid switch 14 is OFF. Only the load in the direction away from the axis 4 is operable in the load direction, that is, in the radial direction of the lock sleeve 10, enabling the parking cam 3 to move forward, and the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 are engaged with each other. In this case, it functions as a so-called ratchet mechanism that restricts the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  Subsequently, when the shift lever 15 is switched from the parking range to a range other than the parking range, that is, when the parking release operation for releasing the engagement between the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed, the solenoid switch 14 is turned on. A signal to be operated is output from the shift lever 15 to the solenoid switch 14. When the solenoid switch 14 is operated in the ON state by the signal, the distance between the tip of the locking claw 11 and the axis of the parking rod 4 is larger than the radius of the outer diameter portion of the receding end surface 3d of the barking cam 3. It is moved and held at a position where it becomes larger, that is, a position where the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 by engaging the parking cam 3 is released.

  As described above, when the parking operation is performed, the parking device P has the position of the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 with respect to the meshing portion of the parking pole 2 with the parking gear 1, that is, in the circumferential direction of the parking gear 1. Depending on the phase of the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 and the meshing portion 2a of the parking pole 2, the meshing state of the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 may differ. That is, when the parking gear is shifted, if the outer teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in different phases, the tip surface 2c of the meshing portion 2a and the tooth tip surface 1b of the outer teeth 1a are in contact with each other. State. When the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in the same phase, the meshing portion 2a is fitted in the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a, that is, a so-called “meshing” state in which the parking gear 1 is locked. Become.

  When the parking operation is performed and the "non-meshing" state is established, the tip surface 1b and the tip surface 2c come into contact with each other, so that the movement of the parking pole 2 in the stroke direction is stopped and the parking cam 3 is Then, the first guide surface 3a is stopped while being in contact with the contact portion 2b of the parking pole 2, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 are relatively moved, and the cam spring 6 is driven by the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5. Is compressed. As a result, the state where the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are not meshed is continued. Since the rotation of the parking gear 1 and the output shaft is not restricted while the “non-engagement” state is continued, for example, when the vehicle stops in the middle of a slope, the vehicle moves down the slope, or The output shaft, that is, the parking gear 1 may rotate due to the influence of residual torque such as inertia torque in the power transmission system from the machine to the wheels.

  As described above, when the parking gear 1 rotates when the parking device P is in the “non-engagement” state, the state in which the tooth tip surface 1 b and the tip surface 2 c are in contact changes, and the meshing portion 2 a There is a case in which the state shifts to a “meshing” state in which the tooth gaps between the external teeth 1a are fitted. That is, when the parking gear 1 rotates in the “non-meshing” state, the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in a different phase from the state where the tooth groove between the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in different phases. From the state where the tip surface 2c of the meshing portion 2a and the tooth tip surface 1b of the external tooth 1a are in contact with each other, the meshing portion 2a has a tooth gap between the external teeth 1a. It may shift to the state fitted in.

  When the parking device P shifts from the “non-meshing” state to the “meshing” state, the parking cam 3 that has stopped with the cam spring 6 in contact with the parking pawl 2 is compressed with the parking pawl 2. When the contact state is canceled, the cam spring 6 moves suddenly toward the cam stopper 7 side, that is, toward the forward direction of the parking cam 3 (right direction in FIG. 3A) due to the elastic force of the cam spring 6. When the parking cam 3 is pressed by the cam spring 6 and moves suddenly in the forward direction of the parking cam 3, the parking cam 3 and the cam stopper 7 collide with each other, and the parking cam 3 moves backward by the impact force at the time of the collision. May be bounced back. When the parking cam 3 is largely rebounded in the backward direction, the parking pole 2 that has been pressed against the parking gear 1 (upper side in FIG. 3A) in contact with the parking cam 3 is separated from the parking cam 3 and parked. There is a possibility that the rotation of the parking gear 1 cannot be locked because the pressing force toward the gear 1 is lost.

  Therefore, in the parking device P according to the third embodiment, the locking claw 11 is configured to function as a so-called ratchet mechanism as described above, and the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is shown in FIG. When the parking device P is locked until it reaches the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′, the engagement end surface 11a of the locking claw 11 and the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 are Reversing movement of the parking cam 3 can be regulated or suppressed by facing or close to each other. That is, when the parking device P shifts from the “non-meshing” state to the “meshing” state, the engagement end surface 11a and the retreating end surface 3d face each other at the same time when the parkin pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are meshed. When the locking claw 11 is moved to a position where the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted or suppressed by contacting or approaching the parking cam 3, the parking cam 3 collides with the cam stopper 7 when shifting to the “engagement” state. Thus, it is possible to avoid a large rebound in the backward direction.

  Therefore, in the parking device P in the third embodiment, when the shift lever 15 is shifted to the parking range, that is, when the parking operation is performed, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 move in the forward direction of the parking cam 3. When the retracted end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is moved until it reaches the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. 3A, the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged with each other. At the same time, the engagement end surface 11a of the latching claw 11 and the retreat end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 are brought into contact with each other or in a state close to a predetermined clearance, and the parking cam 3 attempts to retreat. At this time, the engagement end surface 11a and the retreat end surface 3d are engaged, so that the retreat movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted or suppressed.

  That is, as in the first and second embodiments described above, when a parking operation is performed to engage the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2, the side opposite to the parking pole 2 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 ( The backward movement of the parking cam 3 to the left side in FIG. 2 is restricted by the backward end surface 3 d of the parking cam 3 being engaged with the engaging end surface 11 a of the locking claw 11. As a result, it can be avoided that the time required for the parking cam 3 to largely return in the backward direction and the parking cam 3 to press the parking pole 2 toward the parking gear 1 is longer than the initial time. The rotation of the parking gear 1, that is, the rotation of the output shaft can be locked at a desired vehicle speed.

  In addition, the latching pawl 11 that is engaged with the parking cam 3 to restrict or suppress the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is configured to function as a so-called ratchet mechanism as described above. At the same time as the parking gear 1 is engaged, the parking cam 3 is moved to a state in which the backward movement of the parking cam 3 can be restricted or suppressed. Therefore, the parking cam 3 can be prevented from rebounding in the backward direction.

  On the other hand, when the shift lever 15 is shifted from the parking range to a range other than the parking range, that is, when the parking release operation is performed, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 are moved in the backward direction of the parking cam 3. When the latching claw 11 that has controlled the backward movement of the parking cam 3 because it has been shifted to the parking range at this time is moved and held at a position where the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is released. The parking cam 3 can be moved backward.

  As a result, the parking pawl 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged with each other, and the retraction movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted by the locking claw 11, that is, the parking operation is performed, and the parking gear 1 and the parking pawl 2 are engaged. When the parking release operation for releasing the engagement between the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed from the state where the parking cam 1 is released, the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 by the locking claw 11 is released, and the parking pole of the parking cam 3 is released. The return to the opposite side to 2 can be ensured.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the parking device P according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4 (a), as in the case of FIGS. The parking device P is locked by performing a parking operation, that is, the parking device P is in a “meshing” state, and FIG. 4B shows the parking device P in a “non-meshing” state. Further, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, and the description thereof is omitted.

  That is, in FIG. 4, the parking device similar to the first and third embodiments described above, which includes the parking gear 1, the parking pole 2, the parking cam 3, the parking rod 4, the spring stopper 5, the cam spring 6, and the cam stopper 7. A part of the configuration of P is selectively interposed between the spring stopper 5 and the parking cam 3 so as to be buried in the axial direction thereof, and the parking cam 3 is retracted (leftward in FIG. 4). The example of the structure provided with the control member which controls the movement to) is shown.

  In FIG. 4A, a lock rod 17 is provided at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction of the parking cam 3 between the spring stopper 5 and the receding end surface 3d of the parking cam 3. The lock rod 17 includes a first rod 17a and a second rod 17b. The first rod 17a and the second rod 17b are each formed of, for example, a cylindrical member, and the axial direction of the lock rod 17 ( They are connected by hinges 17c that can rotate around a central axis in a direction perpendicular to the x direction in FIG. 4A (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 4A). The end of the first rod 17a opposite to the hinge 17c (the right side in FIG. 4 (a)) is fixed to the parking cam 3 via a hinge 17d such as a hinge, for example, and the second rod 17b The opposite end (the left side in FIG. 4A) of the hinge 17c is fixed to the spring stopper 5 via a hinge 17e such as a hinge.

  Therefore, the lock rod 17 moves in the axial direction of the first rod 17a and the second rod with the hinge 17c as a joint as the parking cam 3 moves in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 (the x direction in FIG. 4A). The linear state in which the axial direction of 17b coincides (that is, the angle between the axial direction of the first rod 17a and the axial direction of the second rod 17b is 180 °), and the axial direction of the first rod 17a and the second rod The configuration is such that the angle formed by the axial direction of 17b can be changed to a bent state where the angle is a predetermined angle other than 180 ° (a predetermined angle in the range of 0 ° or more and less than 180 °).

  Here, the length of the lock rod 17 in the axial direction is such that the lock rod 17 is fixed to the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5 via the hinge 17d and the hinge 17e as described above, and the lock rod 17 is linear. In this state, the end surface 5a of the spring stopper 5 on the side in contact with the cam spring 6 (right side in FIG. 4A) in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 (that is, indicated by a straight line E in FIG. 4A). Position) and in a state in which the forward end surface 3c of the parking cam 3 is in contact with the cam stopper 7 or in a state of being close to each other with a predetermined clearance (that is, a state in which the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged). The position of the end surface 3d in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 (that is, the straight line A in FIG. It is set to become equal to the distance D2 between the position) indicated by the straight line A '.

  A slider 18 that is formed of, for example, an annular member and is held on the lock rod 17 so as to be movable in the axial direction is provided on the outer periphery of the lock rod 17. Further, a spring stopper 19 fixed to the second rod 17b is provided on the side close to the spring stopper 5 of the second rod 17b (left side in FIG. 4A). Further, between the spring stopper 19 and the slider 18, a spring 20 which is an elastic member such as a compression coil spring is mounted. The inner diameter of the spring 20 is set to be larger than the maximum inner diameter of the hollow portion of the slider 18, and the outer diameter is the outer diameter of the end surface 18 b portion of the slider 18 in the retracting direction (left side in FIG. 4A) and the spring stopper. The outer diameter is set to be smaller than 19. Therefore, the slider 18 is configured to be pressed in the forward direction (the right direction in FIG. 4A) by the elastic force of the spring 20.

  The slider 18 is connected to one end (the right side in FIG. 4A) of the wire 22 via the connecting member 21. When the lock rod 17 is in a straight line state, the slider 18 is in the axial direction (see FIG. 4 (a) in the x direction) is in the vicinity of the position of the hinge 17c, and the end surface 18a portion on the forward direction side (right side in FIG. 4A) of the slider 18 is the outer peripheral portion of the first rod 17a. And the end surface 18b is held so as to be positioned on the outer peripheral portion of the second rod 17b. That is, when the lock rod 17 is in a straight line state, the shape and dimensions of the slider 18 and the spring 20 are set so that the slider 18 is held in a state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b. The length or elastic force in the axial direction of the lock rod 17 and the length or installation position of the wire 22 are set.

  Therefore, when the slider 18 is held in a state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b as described above, the lock rod 17 cannot be bent and is held in a straight state. Is done. That is, when the slider 18 is held in a state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b, the lock rod 17 is held in a linear state, and between the spring stopper 5 and the parking cam 3, It is interposed in the axial direction, that is, in a state where the lock rod 4 is filled, and functions as a regulating member that regulates the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  Then, the wire 22 is pulled in the axial direction of the lock rod 17 from the hinge 17c toward the spring stopper 19 by a predetermined method, so that the wire 22 is pulled from the hinge 17c in the axial direction of the lock rod 17 against the elastic force of the spring 20. The slider 18 can be moved in the direction of the spring stopper 19 until the end face 18a is positioned at the outer peripheral portion of the second rod 17b. That is, when the wire 22 is pulled from the hinge 17 c toward the spring stopper 19 in the axial direction of the lock rod 17, the slider 18 compresses the spring 20 while compressing the spring 20 as shown in FIG. 17 in the axial direction of 17 from the hinge 17c toward the spring stopper 19, the end face 18a is located on the outer peripheral portion of the second rod 17b, that is, the slider 18 covers the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b. The shape and dimensions of the slider 18, the length or elastic force of the spring 20 in the axial direction of the lock rod 17, and the length or installation position of the wire 22 are set so as to move to the released state. Yes.

  Therefore, when the slider 18 is held in a state where the state where the slider 18 covers the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b is released as described above, the lock rod 17 changes from a straight state to a bent state. This enables the parking cam 3 to move in the axial direction of the parking rod 4. That is, the slider 18 is held across the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b by being held in a state in which the state where the slider 18 is covered across the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b is released. When the lock cam 17 is held in this state, the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 due to the lock rod 17 functioning as the restriction member as described above is released.

  A predetermined method for pulling the wire 22 from the hinge 17c toward the spring stopper 19 in the axial direction of the lock rod 17 is, for example, the connecting member 12 and the solenoid switch 14 in the third embodiment shown in FIG. A mechanism for selectively moving the locking claw 11 constituted by the shift lever 15 to a position for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam 3 and a position for releasing the restriction can be applied. That is, the other end (the left side in FIG. 4A) of the wire 22 (not shown) is connected to the shaft 14a of the solenoid switch 14 in the above configuration shown in FIG. In response to a predetermined signal from the lever 15, the state of the solenoid switch 14 is switched to ON-OFF, and when the solenoid switch 14 is turned on, the shaft 14a is attracted to the coil portion 14c, whereby the wire 22 is The lock rod 17 can be pulled from the hinge 17 c toward the spring stopper 19 in the axial direction.

  For example, when an operation for shifting the shift lever 15 from the state shifted to the parking range to a range other than the parking range, that is, a parking release operation is performed, a signal for operating the solenoid switch 14 to the ON state is output. With this configuration, when the parking release operation is performed, the state where the slider 18 is covered over the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b is released, that is, the lock rod 17 can be bent. Can be held in a stable state.

  Next, the operation of the parking apparatus P in the fourth embodiment will be described. First, when the shift lever 15 is switched from a range other than the parking range to the parking range, that is, when a parking operation for engaging the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 is performed, the first, second, and third described above. As in the case of the embodiment, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 move in the forward direction of the parking cam 3. At this point, the wire 22 is being pulled, that is, the slider 18 is held in a state where the state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b is released. It can be bent.

  When the parking cam 3 moves in the forward direction in this state, the parking pole 2 strokes so as to approach the parking gear 1. At this time, if the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a of the parking gear 1 and the meshing portion 2a of the parking pole 2 are in the same phase in the circumferential direction of the parking gear 1, the meshing portion 2a is between the external teeth 1a. Fits into the tooth gap. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the parking pawl 2 is pressed against the parking gear 1 to engage the parking pawl 2 and the parking gear 1, and the rotation of the parking gear 1 is locked by the parking pawl 2. In this state, the parking gear 1 and the output shaft are restricted from rotating, and a so-called “meshing” state is obtained.

  At this time, by releasing the pulling state of the wire 22, the slider 18 is in a state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b, and the linear state in which the lock rod 17 cannot be bent. Retained. As a result, the lock rod 17 functions as a restricting member as described above, and the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted.

  Therefore, the lock rod 17 configured as described above is subjected to a parking operation in which the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged, and the position of the parking rod 4 in the axial direction of the back end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is illustrated. When the position shown by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in 4 (a) is reached, the slider 18 is held in a state of covering the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b, so that the lock rod 17 is in a straight state. And is interposed selectively between the spring stopper 5 and the parking cam 3 in the axial direction as a regulating member, and functions as a regulating means for regulating the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  On the other hand, when the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a and the meshing portion 2a are in different phases in the circumferential direction of the parking gear 1, the parking shift is performed as shown in FIG. At this time, the meshing portion 2a of the parking pole 2 enters a so-called “non-meshing” state in which the meshing portion 2a of the parking gear 1 does not fit into the tooth gap between the external teeth 1a. In such a “non-meshing” state, the tip surface 1b and the tip surface 2c come into contact with each other, so that the movement of the parking pole 2 in the stroke direction (y direction in FIG. 4B) is stopped. The parking cam 3 stops with the first guide surface 3a thereof being in contact with the contact portion 2b of the parking pole 2, and the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 are relatively moved so that the parking cam 3 and the spring stopper 5 are moved. As a result, the cam spring 6 is compressed.

  Also, as described above, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam 3 move relative to each other, whereby the parking cam 3 moves in the backward direction of the parking cam 3 with respect to the parking rod 4 (the left direction in FIG. 4B). Accordingly, as the parking cam 3 moves backward, the lock rod 17 is bent as shown in FIG. And the state where the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 do not mesh is continued.

  As described above, when the parking gear 1 rotates in the “non-engagement” state, the tooth gaps between the external teeth 1a and the tooth gaps between the external teeth 1a are different from each other. There is a case where the meshing portion 2a changes to a state where it is in the same phase and shifts to a “meshing” state. When the parking device P shifts from the “non-meshing” state to the “meshing” state, the parking cam 3 and the cam stopper 7 collide, and the parking cam 3 is largely rebounded in the backward direction by the impact force at the time of the collision. Therefore, there is a possibility that the rotation of the parking gear 1 cannot be locked.

  Therefore, in the parking apparatus P according to the fourth embodiment, as described above, the retreat end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 moves until it reaches the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. When the parking device P is in a locked state, that is, when the parking device P is in the “engaged” state, the parking rod 3 is configured to hold the lock rod 17 in a linear state, thereby allowing the parking cam 3 to move backward. It can be regulated or suppressed. That is, when the parking device P shifts from the “non-meshing” state to the “meshing” state, the parkin pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are meshed with each other, and at the same time, the lock rod 17 is held in a straight state and bent. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the parking cam 3 from colliding with the cam stopper 7 and rebounding greatly in the backward direction when shifting to the “meshing” state.

  Therefore, in the parking device P in the fourth embodiment, for example, as in the case of the third embodiment, when the shift lever 15 is shifted to the parking range, that is, when the parking operation is performed, the parking device When the rod 4 and the parking cam 3 are moved in the forward direction of the parking cam 3 and the backward end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 is moved until it reaches the position indicated by the straight line A or the straight line A ′ in FIG. The pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged with each other. At the same time, the lock rod 17 is held in a linear state, and the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is restricted or suppressed.

  As a result, the parking pole 2 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 when the parking operation for engaging the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed as in the first, second, and third embodiments. The backward movement of the parking cam 3 to the opposite side (left side in FIG. 2) is restricted by engaging the backward end surface 3 d of the parking cam 3 with the engaging end surface 11 a of the locking claw 11. As a result, it is avoided that the time required for the parking cam 3 to largely return in the backward direction and the parking cam 3 to press the parking pole 2 toward the parking gear 1 is longer than the expected time. Thus, the rotation of the parking gear 1, that is, the rotation of the output shaft can be locked at a desired vehicle speed.

  Further, as described above, the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 are engaged with each other by being configured to hold the lock rod 17 in a linear state when the parking device P enters the “engagement” state. At the same time, since the backward movement of the parking cam 3 can be restricted or suppressed, it is possible to prevent the parking cam 3 from bouncing back in the backward direction.

  On the other hand, for example, when the shift lever 15 is shifted from the parking range to a range other than the parking range, that is, when the parking release operation is performed, as in the case of the third embodiment, the parking rod 4 and the parking cam. 3 is moved in the backward direction of the parking cam 3, but the lock rod 17 that is held in a straight line and restricts the backward movement of the parking cam 3 is bent because it is shifted to the parking range at that time. The parking cam 3 can be moved backward by being in a possible state.

  Therefore, the lock rod 17 configured as described above is configured such that when the parking release operation for canceling the engagement between the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 is performed, the slider 18 is moved to the first rod 17a and the second rod 17b. The lock rod 17 is held in a bendable state by being held in a state where the covering state is released, and the parking cam 3 moves backward when the lock rod 17 functions as the restricting means as described above. Functions as a release means for releasing the restriction.

  As a result, the parking pole 2 and the parking gear 1 mesh with each other, and the parking cam 3 is controlled to move backward by the lock rod 17 held in a linear state, that is, the parking operation is performed. When the parking release operation for releasing the engagement between the parking gear 1 and the parking pole 2 is performed from the state in which the parking cam 2 is engaged, the restriction of the backward movement of the parking cam 3 by the lock rod 17 functioning as a restricting member is released. Thus, the return of the parking cam 3 to the side opposite to the parking pole 2 can be ensured.

  The present invention is not limited to the above specific example. In the above specific example, the cam spring 6 is provided as the elastic member, and the parking rod 9 having the stopper 8 or the engagement end surface 9b is provided as the restricting means. However, the elastic member can also serve as the restricting means. That is, for example, when the cam spring 6 is compressed in the backward direction by the backward movement of the parking cam 3, the position of the end surface of the cam spring 6 that contacts the backward end surface 3d of the parking cam 3 in the axial direction of the parking rod 4 is The minimum height of the cam spring 6 (the axis when the cam spring 6 is compressed to the maximum) so that the engaging end surface 9b of the stopper 8 or the parking rod 9 is equal to the position where the engaging end surface 9b of the parking cam 3 is engaged with the retracting end surface 3d. By setting the (direction length), the cam spring 6 in that case can be configured to have a function as an elastic member in the present invention and also a function as a regulating means.

  Further, in the present invention, the “regulating means for regulating the backward movement of the parking cam to the side opposite to the parking pole” is engaged with the backward end face 3d of the parking cam 3 in contact with or close to the parking cam 3 in the above specific example. In this example, the parking cam 3 is configured to restrict the backward movement of the parking cam 3. As an example of engagement with the parking cam 3, for example, electromagnetically engaged with the backward end surface 3 d of the parking cam 3. Thus, it can be configured as means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam 3.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the “means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam by selectively interposing the restricting member between the stopper and the parking cam in the axial direction” is, for example, A parking gear is provided between the stopper and the parking cam, and is configured by a member that can selectively set a linear state and a bent state, an extended state and a shortened state, or an engaged state and a released state. When the parking operation to engage the parking pole is performed, the restricting member is interposed between the stopper and the parking cam by selectively bringing the regulating member into a linear state, an extended state, or an engaged state. It is also possible to use a means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure in the 1st Example of the parking apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure in the 2nd Example of the parking apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure in 3rd Example of the parking apparatus of this invention, Comprising: (a) is front sectional drawing which shows the structure, (b) is the side view seen from the advance end side of the parking cam It is. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure in the 4th Example of the parking apparatus of this invention, (a) shows the "meshing" state of a parking gear and a parking pole, (b) is the parking gear and a parking pole. It is a figure which shows a "non-meshing" state.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Parking gear, 2 ... Parking pole, 3 ... Parking cam, 4, 9 ... Parking rod, 5 ... Spring stopper (stopper), 6 ... Cam spring (elastic member), 7 ... Cam stopper, 8 ... Stopper (regulation means) 9a: Stepped portion (regulating means), 11: Locking claw (regulating means / locking member / release means), 17 ... Lock rod (regulating means / regulating member / release means), P: Parking device.

Claims (6)

A parking cam that presses a parking pawl that selectively meshes with the parking gear toward the parking gear is held by the parking rod so as to be movable in the axial direction, and an elastic member that presses the parking cam toward the parking pawl In the vehicle parking apparatus provided,
A vehicle parking apparatus, characterized in that a restricting means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam to the opposite side of the parking pole is provided.   The restricting means includes means for elastically deforming the elastic member and stopping the parking cam at a position where the parking cam is moved backward by a predetermined distance to the opposite side of the parking pole to restrict the backward movement of the parking cam. The vehicular parking apparatus according to claim 1.   The restricting means can move in the radial direction of the parking rod when the parking cam moves forward to the parking pole side when a parking operation is performed to engage the parking gear and the parking pole. When the parking gear and the parking pawl are engaged with each other, the parking cam is protruded in a direction approaching the parking rod in the radial direction so that the parking cam moves backward. The vehicle parking apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for restricting a backward movement of the parking cam configured by a locking member engaged with an end face of the vehicle.   4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising release means for releasing the restriction by the restriction means when a parking release operation for canceling the engagement between the parking gear and the parking pole is performed. The vehicle parking apparatus according to claim 1.   When the parking operation for engaging the parking gear and the parking pawl is performed, the restricting means is provided between the parking cam and a stopper that restricts the position of the end face on the reverse side of the elastic member and the parking cam. 5. The vehicle parking apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for restricting the backward movement of the parking cam by selectively interposing a restricting member in a state of being filled in the axial direction.   The restricting means is configured by a member that can selectively set a straight state and a bent state, and when the parking operation is performed, the restricting member sets the member in a straight state, 6. The vehicle parking apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for selectively interposing between the parking cam and restricting the backward movement of the parking cam.

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