JP2006132230A - Open/close device of electric door for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent damage in the interior of a clutch against the input of unexpected excessive torque without enlarging the clutch. <P>SOLUTION: An electric door open/close device, which opens and closes a door of an automobile by an electric motor, is provided with a power interrupting device 3, which is provided with the mechanical two-way clutch 1 using a roller 7 and a control means 2 for switching between the engagement and idle running of the mechanical two-way clutch 1. Then a torque limiter means is provided which generates slip between a member on the drive side and a member on the driven side at the time of the input of an excessive load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile, and more particularly to an apparatus for opening and closing an electric door such as an electric sliding door and an electric back door of an automobile, and transmits power by mechanical contact from a driving side to a driven side. The present invention relates to an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile in which a clutch portion which is an element having a function of blocking is improved.

  2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an open / close device for an electric sliding door of an automobile has a structure in which the rotation of a drive motor is decelerated by a worm gear and further transmitted via a clutch (for example, see Patent Document 1). Since the reduction ratio of the worm gear is generally large, when manually opening and closing the door while the drive motor is stopped, the power transmission is in the reverse direction, and if there is no clutch, the worm gear is rotated at the opposite speed. Therefore, the door opening / closing operation becomes heavy.

  Therefore, a clutch is interposed on the output side of the worm gear, and when there is a reverse input by manual door opening / closing operation, the reverse input is blocked by the clutch so that power is not transmitted to the worm gear. As a result, manual input from the door side is lightened, and a smooth opening / closing operation is enabled.

In general, an electromagnetic clutch is often used for an open / close device for an electric sliding door of an automobile. However, a reduction in size and a reduction in power consumption are desired.
JP-A-9-144426

  By the way, in the electric sliding door opening and closing device described above, while the sliding door is basically opened and closed electrically, the clutch is in an engaged state, but at that time, the door hits an obstacle and stops, Alternatively, when an external force is input to the door, such as manually opening and closing the door, it is assumed that an excessive torque is applied to the clutch.

  The present applicant has previously proposed an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile in which a mechanical two-way clutch can be electrically switched by an electromagnetic clutch (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-126942). This mechanical two-way clutch transmits power by causing a roller, which is an engagement element, to engage with a wedge space formed between a cylindrical surface and a cam surface facing the cylindrical surface.

  The above-mentioned mechanical two-way clutch does not slip when an excessive torque is input unlike a friction electromagnetic clutch, so if an unexpected excessive torque is input, an excessive normal generated at the contact point of the engaging element. There is a concern that the force may cause damage such as deformation on the indentation of the contact portion, the cylindrical surface and the cam surface facing it.

  On the other hand, if the clutch capacity is determined so as to allow an unexpected excessive torque, both the size and weight of the clutch will be enlarged, leading to an increase in the size of the entire electric door opening and closing device. It is not a simple means.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described improvements, and the object of the present invention is to prevent damage inside the clutch before an unexpected excessive torque input without enlarging the clutch. An object of the present invention is to provide an automobile electric door opening and closing device that can be prevented.

  As technical means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to a mechanical two-way clutch using an engagement element in an electric door opening and closing device configured to open and close an automobile door by an electric motor, and its mechanical type. A power interrupting device comprising a control means for switching engagement and idling of a two-way clutch is provided, and a torque limiter means for generating a slip between a driving side member and a driven side member when an excessive load is input is provided. To do.

  An electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to the present invention includes a power interrupting device comprising a mechanical two-way clutch using an engagement element and a control means for switching between engagement and idling of the mechanical two-way clutch, and an overload By providing the torque limiter means for generating slip between the driving side member and the driven side member at the time of input, it is possible to prevent damage inside the clutch against unexpected excessive clutch input. In addition, in this case, the excessive clutch need not have an allowable capacity, and the clutch does not become enlarged.

  The torque limiter means in the above-described configuration can be provided on either the input side or the output side of the mechanical two-way clutch.

  Further, as the torque limiter means in the above-described configuration, a structure by press-fitting between the driving side member and the driven side member, a ball or a friction member disposed on either the driving side member or the driven side member by the elastic member is used as a counterpart. A structure for pressing against the side member can be realized. Here, when the ball or the friction member is disposed on the driving side member, the counterpart member is a driven side member, and when the ball or the friction member is disposed on the driven side member, the counterpart member is a driving side member.

  In addition, the electric door opening and closing device for automobiles according to the present invention can be applied to a slide door provided on the side surface of the automobile and a back door provided on the back face of the automobile.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a power interrupting device comprising a mechanical two-way clutch using an engagement element, and a control means for switching engagement and idling of the mechanical two-way clutch, and a drive-side member when an excessive load is input. By providing a torque limiter that generates slip between the driven member and the clutch, it is possible to prevent damage to the inside of the clutch against unexpected excessive torque input without enlarging the clutch. An electric door opening and closing device for an automobile that can be protected and is compact and highly reliable can be provided.

  Embodiments of an electric door opening and closing device for automobiles according to the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of the electric door opening and closing device, and FIG. 2 shows a cross section taken along line AA of FIG.

  The electric door opening and closing device of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a mechanical two-way clutch 1 using a roller as an engagement element, and a control unit 2 that switches between engagement and idling of the mechanical two-way clutch 1. The power interruption device 3 is provided. These mechanical two-way clutch 1 and control means 2 are accommodated in a housing 4 constituting a stationary system. The housing 4 includes a cast housing main body 4a and steel plate upper and lower covers 4b and 4c fitted on the upper and lower portions thereof.

  The mechanical two-way clutch 1 has a shaft 5 rotatably supported on a housing 4 as an inner member, and an outer ring 6 is disposed coaxially as an outer member on the outer periphery thereof. The outer ring 6 and the shaft 5 are opposed to each other. A wedge space is formed by a cylindrical surface 6a formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6 which is one of the surfaces and a plurality of cam surfaces 5a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 5, and a plurality of rollers 7 are formed in the wedge space. Is inserted and arranged. Accordingly, the roller 7 can freely rotate at the neutral position of the wedge space, and the roller 7 is engaged with the cam surface 5a regardless of whether the roller 7 moves clockwise or counterclockwise.

  The plurality of rollers 7 are rotatably accommodated in a pocket 8a of a cage 8 interposed between the shaft 5 and the outer ring 6, and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A centering spring 9, which is an elastic member that holds the roller 7 in a neutral position, is incorporated between the cage 8 and the shaft 5. The shaft 5 is rotatably supported on the housing main body 4a of the housing 4 via a sliding bearing 10.

  The centering spring 9 has an annular portion 9a and a pair of engaging portions 9b extending substantially in the radial direction. The annular portion 9 a is attached to a circumferential groove formed at the end of the shaft 5, and the engaging portion 9 b projects from a hole penetrating the shaft 5 in the radial direction and engages with a notch of the cage 8. The centering spring 9 serves to hold the roller 7 in the neutral position via the holder 8 by always holding the angular position or phase of the holder 8 with respect to the shaft 5 constant.

  When the roller 7 is in the neutral position, the roller 7 does not simultaneously contact the cam surface 5a of the shaft 5 and the inner peripheral surface 6a of the outer ring 6, and the shaft 5 and the outer ring 6 can be rotated relative to each other. When the cage 8 rotates against the force of the centering spring 9, the roller 7 moves accordingly, and the roller 7 moves in the wedge space formed between the cam surface 5 a of the shaft 5 and the inner peripheral surface 6 a of the outer ring 6. The shaft 5 and the outer ring 6 are integrated into the narrow gap.

  The control means 2 adsorbs the armature 11, an armature 11 that can move in the axial direction with respect to the cage 8 and cannot rotate relative to the cage 8, a rotor 13 that is rotatably attached to the shaft 5 via a rolling bearing 12. A friction electromagnetic clutch 15 having an electromagnetic coil 14 is used. The rotor 13 is rotatably supported by the lower cover 4c of the housing 4 via a sliding bearing 16.

  The armature 11 is elastically biased in a direction away from the rotor 13 by a return spring 17 interposed between the armature 13 and the armature 11 is moved by the elastic force by a retaining ring 18 attached to the shaft 5. It is regulated. The cage 8 has an inward flange at one end, and the flange faces the shoulder of the shaft 5 in the axial direction. The armature 11 is located on the opposite side of the shaft 5 from the shoulder of the retainer 8 with the flange interposed therebetween. The armature 11 and the cage 8 are concavo-convexly fitted so that they can move relative to each other in the axial direction and cannot rotate relative to each other. In other words, the pin 8 b extending in the axial direction at the end of the cage 8 is inserted and disposed in the hole formed in the axial direction in the armature 11.

  The outer ring 6 of the two-way clutch 1 is fitted to the rotor 13 and is prevented from coming off by a retaining ring 19. An electromagnetic coil 14 of an electromagnetic clutch 15 is disposed at a lower portion of the rotor 13 facing the armature 11, and the electromagnetic coil 14 is fixed to the lower cover 4 c of the housing 4 via a base plate 20 by screwing or the like. . The rotor 13 is made of a magnetic material, has a recess for receiving the electromagnetic coil 14, and is provided with a slit penetrating in the axial direction from the recess toward the armature. There is a gap between the rotor 13 and the electromagnetic coil 14, and both can rotate relative to each other. A worm wheel 21 is attached to the outer periphery of the rotor 13, and the worm wheel 21 meshes with a worm 22 that is rotationally driven by an external drive motor (not shown) to form a worm gear 23. Yes. The worm wheel 21 is prevented from coming off from the rotor 13 by a retaining ring 24.

  In this embodiment, as the torque limiter means for shutting off the power from the driving side member to the driven side member when an excessive torque is loaded, the input side of the two-way clutch 1, for example, between the outer ring 6 and the rotor 13 is press-fitted. It is set to a fitted state by fitting. In this way, when excessive torque is applied, slippage occurs between the press-fit portion, that is, the rotor 13 that is the driving side member and the outer ring 6 that is the driven side member. Torque can be released. At this time, the power is completely cut off. In addition, when normal torque is loaded, it is possible to transmit power between the rotor 13 and the outer ring 6 by a tightening force by press-fitting.

  In addition, the torque limiter means puts the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13 in a fitted state by press-fitting, in addition to making the fitted state between the outer ring 6 of the two-way clutch and the rotor 13 by press-fitting. In this case, when an excessive torque is applied, slip occurs between the worm wheel 21 that is the driving side member and the rotor 13 that is the driven side member.

  A wire take-up drum 25 is accommodated in the space between the upper cover 4 b and the housing body 4 a of the housing 4 and attached to the shaft 5. A wire (not shown) for opening and closing the electric slide door and the electric back door is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the wire winding drum 25.

  In the power interrupting device 3 having the above-described configuration, when the electromagnetic coil 14 is not energized, the roller 7 is held in a neutral position with respect to the cam surface 5a by the action of the centering spring 9, so that the clutch 1 is idling. On the other hand, when the electromagnetic coil 14 is energized, the armature 11 that cannot rotate relative to the cage 8 due to the generated magnetic force is attracted to the rotor 13 against the elastic force of the return spring 17, and a frictional resistance is generated therebetween. Appears. Here, when the shaft 5 and the outer ring 6 rotate relative to each other, the roller 7 moves into the narrow gap of the wedge space against the force of the centering spring 9, and the shaft 5 and the outer ring 6 are integrated.

  Next, an operation example of the electric door opening and closing device will be described below in the case where the slide door is opened and closed by the electric motor.

  When the electric motor is operated, the frictional electromagnetic clutch 15 is energized, and the energization of the electromagnetic coil 14 causes the armature 11 to be attracted to the rotor 13 against the elastic force of the return spring 17, and the frictional resistance is between them. Appears. In this state, when the power from the electric motor is input to the rotor 13 through the worm gear 23, the cage 8 rotates through the armature 11, and the roller 7 is accordingly engaged with the wedge space and the two-way clutch. 1 is engaged, and the shaft 5 and the outer ring 6 are integrated. As a result, the power transmitted from the rotor 13 to the outer ring 6 is transmitted to the shaft 5, the wire take-up drum 25 fitted to the shaft 5 rotates, and the slide door opens and closes via the wire.

  Here, when an excessive torque is applied from the worm gear 23, the rotor 13 and the outer ring 6 or the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13 are in a fitted state by press-fitting. As a result of slippage, the excessive torque is not transmitted to the inside of the two-way clutch 1, and the excessive normal force generated at the contact point of the roller 7 causes the indentation of the contact portion, the cylindrical surface to face it. The cam surface does not cause deformation or other damage. At this time, the power is completely cut off. When a normal torque is applied, power is transmitted between the rotor 13 and the outer ring 6 or between the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13 with a tightening force by press-fitting both.

  In addition, when opening and closing a slide door manually, the wire winding drum 25 rotates through the wire connected with the slide door. At this time, since the electric motor is not operated, the electromagnetic coil 14 is in a non-energized state, so that there is a gap between the armature 11 and the rotor 13. Further, since the two-way clutch 1 is in the idling state, the power transmitted from the wire take-up drum 25 to the shaft 5 is not transmitted to the outer ring 6. Therefore, the power for manual opening / closing is not transmitted to the speed reduction unit and the electric motor, and the power is shut off at the front stage of the speed reduction unit, so that the sliding door can be opened and closed with a light force.

  The embodiment described above has a structure that uses a press-fit fit between the rotor 13 and the outer ring 6 or between the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13 as the torque limiter means. The invention is not limited to this, and structures other than press-fit are possible. 3 and 4 show a ball 34 and a concave groove between the input side of the two-way clutch 1, for example, the rotor 13 and the worm wheel 21, instead of the press-fitting structure in the above-described embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Another embodiment incorporating a structure utilizing 33 is shown.

  The electric door opening and closing device of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a recess 31 formed at one location on the inner peripheral surface of the worm wheel 21, and a spring 32 that is an elastic member is accommodated in the recess 31, and the rotor 13. The worm wheel 21 has a structure in which a V-shaped groove 33 is formed at one location on the outer peripheral surface facing the worm wheel 21, and the ball 34 is interposed between the spring 32 and the groove 33. The same parts as those of the electric door opening and closing apparatus in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  In the electric door opening and closing apparatus of this embodiment, when a normal torque is applied, the torque limiter means provided between the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13 uses the elastic force of the spring 32 as shown in FIG. The ball 34 is pressed against the concave groove 33 of the rotor 13, and power is transmitted between the ball 34 and the concave groove 33. On the other hand, when an excessive torque is applied, as shown in FIG. 5B, the ball 34 rides up from the concave groove 33 against the elastic force of the spring 32, and slip occurs between the worm wheel 21 and the rotor 13. When this excessive torque is removed, the worm wheel 21 makes one rotation and the ball 34 falls into the concave groove 33, so that the power can be transmitted again.

  Moreover, in the electric door opening and closing apparatus of each embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a structure in which a torque limiter unit is provided on the output side of the two-way clutch 1, for example, between the shaft 5 and the wire winding drum 25 is illustrated. To do. In these embodiments, the same parts as those of the electric door opening and closing apparatus in the embodiment of FIG.

  First, in the electric door opening and closing device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the shaft 5 and the wire take-up drum 25 are brought into a fitting state by press-fitting. The wire take-up drum 25 is prevented from coming off by a presser plate 41 and a retaining ring 42. In this way, when an excessive torque is applied, the excessive torque can be released by slipping between the press-fit portion, that is, between the shaft 5 and the wire take-up drum 25. . When a normal torque is applied, power can be transmitted between the shaft 5 and the wire take-up drum 25 by a tightening force by press-fitting.

  Further, in the electric door opening and closing apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a friction plate 43 that is not rotatable with respect to the shaft 5 is provided, and an elastic member 44 is interposed between the friction plate 43 and the retaining ring 42. It comprises. In this way, the elastic member 44 is regulated by the retaining ring 42, whereby the friction plate 43 is pressed against the wire take-up drum 25 by the elastic member 44, and the gap between the friction plate 43 and the wire take-up drum 25 is reduced. Power is transmitted by frictional resistance generated in Here, when an excessive torque is input, slipping occurs against the frictional resistance between the friction plate 43 and the wire take-up drum 25, so that the excessive torque can be released.

  Further, in the electric door opening and closing apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a recess 51 is formed at one place on the inner peripheral surface of the wire take-up drum 25, and a spring 52 as an elastic member is accommodated in the recess 51, and a shaft 5 has a structure in which a V-shaped concave groove 53 is formed at one location on the outer peripheral surface facing the wire winding drum 25 and a ball 54 is interposed between the spring 52 and the concave groove 53 described above. When a normal torque is applied, the ball 54 is pressed against the concave groove 53 of the shaft 5 by the elastic force of the spring 52, and power is transmitted between the ball 54 and the concave groove 53. On the other hand, when an excessive torque is applied, the ball 54 rides up from the concave groove 53 against the elastic force of the spring 52, and slip occurs between the shaft 5 and the wire winding drum 25. When this excessive torque is removed, the ball 54 falls back into the concave groove 53 and returns to a state where power can be transmitted again.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of an automotive electric door opening and closing device provided with torque limiter means on the input side of the mechanical two-way clutch. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the electrically driven door opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles which provided the torque limiter means in the input side of the mechanical two-way clutch in other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. In the torque limiter means of FIG. 4, (a) is an essential part enlarged sectional view showing a state where a normal torque is loaded, and (b) is an essential part enlarged sectional view showing a state where an excessive torque is loaded. It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the electrically driven door opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles which provided the torque limiter means in the output side of the mechanical two-way clutch in other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 6 in which torque limiter means is provided on the output side of the mechanical two-way clutch in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of FIG. 6 in which torque limiter means is provided on the output side of the mechanical two-way clutch in another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mechanical two-way clutch 2 Control means 3 Power interruption device 5 Axis (drive side member)
6 Driven side member (outer ring)
13 Drive side member or driven side member (rotor)
21 Drive side member (worm wheel)
25 Driven member (wire winding drum)
32 Elastic member 33 Concave groove 34 Ball 43 Friction plate 44 Elastic member

Claims (8)

  In an electric door opening and closing device that opens and closes an automobile door by an electric motor, the power intermittently includes a mechanical two-way clutch using an engagement element and a control means for switching engagement and idling of the mechanical two-way clutch. An automotive electric door opening and closing device comprising a device and provided with torque limiter means for generating a slip between a driving side member and a driven side member when an excessive load is input.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the torque limiter means is provided on an input side of the mechanical two-way clutch.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the torque limiter means is provided on an output side of the mechanical two-way clutch.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the torque limiter means has a structure by press fitting between a driving side member and a driven side member.   The electric motor for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the torque limiter means has a structure in which a ball disposed on one of the driving side member and the driven side member is pressed against the counterpart member by an elastic member. Door opener.   The said torque limiter means for motor vehicles as described in any one of Claims 1-3 made into the structure which presses the friction board distribute | arranged to any one of a drive side member or a driven side member to the other party member by an elastic member. Electric door opening and closing device.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric door is a slide door provided on a side surface of the automobile.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric door is a back door provided on a back surface of the automobile.

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