JP2006125037A - Electric door opening and closing device for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize an electromagnetic clutch, save electric energy easily, and improve torque transmission capability of the electromagnetic clutch by adding a simple structure to the friction type electromagnetic clutch having an ordinary structure. <P>SOLUTION: This electric door opening and closing device for opening and closing a door of an automobile by an electric motor is provided with a power intermittent device 2 for switching engagement and slipping by the friction type electromagnetic clutch 1 and a cam mechanism 18 for increasing friction force in the friction type electromagnetic clutch 1. The cam mechanism 18 is composed of an armature 19 arranged to move coaxially and in the axial direction for a shaft 8 of the power intermittent device 2, a wire winding drum 16 of the power intermittent device 2 arranged coaxially with the shaft 8, and a ball 22 which is engaged with and disengaged from cam channels 20, 21 formed on mutually opposing faces of the armature 19 and the wire winding drum 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile, and more particularly to an apparatus for opening and closing an electric door such as an electric sliding door and an electric back door of an automobile, and a function of transmitting and interrupting power from a driving side to a driven side. The present invention relates to an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile provided with an electric clutch which is an element possessed.

  2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an open / close device for an electric sliding door of an automobile has a structure in which the rotation of a drive motor is decelerated by a worm gear and further transmitted via a clutch (for example, see Patent Document 1). Since the reduction ratio of the worm gear is generally large, when manually opening and closing the door while the drive motor is stopped, the power transmission is in the reverse direction, and if there is no clutch, the worm gear is rotated at the opposite speed. Therefore, the door opening / closing operation becomes heavy.

  Therefore, a clutch is interposed on the output side of the worm gear, and when there is a reverse input by manual door opening / closing operation, the reverse input is blocked by the clutch so that power is not transmitted to the worm gear. As a result, manual input from the door side is lightened, and a smooth opening / closing operation is enabled.

In general, a friction type electric clutch is often used for an opening / closing device for an electric sliding door of an automobile. However, a reduction in size and a reduction in power consumption are demanded.
JP-A-9-144426

  By the way, generally, the torque transmission capability of the friction type electric clutch is determined by the effective diameter of the armature, the attractive force of the armature, and μ of the friction surface. When trying to reduce the size of such an electromagnetic clutch, the torque transmission capacity will decrease due to the reduction of the effective diameter of the armature and the reduction of the attractive force accompanying the reduction of the space of the electromagnetic coil. There is a limit. In addition, when trying to reduce the power consumption of the electromagnetic clutch, there is a limit to the power saving of the electromagnetic clutch because the attraction force decreases and the torque transmission function deteriorates as the current flowing to the electromagnetic coil decreases. . Similarly, there is a limit in increasing μ of the friction surface, and the use of an expensive friction material causes an increase in cost, which is not a preferable means.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to add a simple structure to a friction type electromagnetic clutch having a general structure, thereby transmitting torque of the electromagnetic clutch. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric door opening and closing device for an automobile that can improve its performance and can easily realize miniaturization and power saving.

  As a technical means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an electric door opening / closing device configured to open and close an automobile door by an electric motor, and a power interrupting device for switching between engagement and idling by a friction electromagnetic clutch. The friction type electromagnetic clutch is provided with a cam mechanism for amplifying the frictional force.

  In the electric door opening and closing apparatus for an automobile according to the present invention, a cam mechanism for amplifying a frictional force is attached to the frictional electromagnetic clutch in a power interrupting apparatus having a general frictional electromagnetic clutch. This cam mechanism is interposed between the armature and the output side member of the power interrupting device. By providing this cam mechanism, the friction force of the cam mechanism can be added to the friction force of the friction type electromagnetic clutch, so that the frictional force of the power interrupting device can be amplified and the torque transmission capability of the electromagnetic clutch can be increased. This makes it easy to reduce the size and power consumption.

  The cam mechanism in the above-described configuration includes an armature that is coaxially and axially movable with respect to the input side member of the power interrupting device, and an output side member of the power interrupting device that is coaxially disposed with the input side member. And an engaging member, for example, a ball, which engages and disengages from a cam groove formed on the mutually facing surfaces of the armature and the output side member.

  The cam mechanism includes an armature disposed coaxially and axially movable with respect to the input side member of the power interrupting device, and an output side member of the power interrupting device disposed coaxially with the input side member. Also, it can be configured with corrugated cam surfaces formed on the mutually facing surfaces of the armature and the output side member.

  The friction type electromagnetic clutch having the above-described configuration separates both of them by an elastic member interposed between the input side member and the armature when not energized, and adsorbs the armature to the input side member against the elastic force of the elastic member when energized. Thus, a structure that allows frictional force to appear between the two is provided.

  In addition, a friction plate is arranged coaxially with the output side member on the opposite side of the armature facing side of the output side member, and when the friction type electromagnetic clutch is energized, a frictional force appears between the input side member and the armature. If the structure is such that a frictional force appears between the member and the friction plate, it is possible to further amplify the frictional force.

  In addition, the electric door opening and closing device for automobiles according to the present invention can be applied to a slide door provided on the side surface of the automobile and a back door provided on the back face of the automobile.

  According to the present invention, a cam mechanism for amplifying a frictional force is attached to a frictional electromagnetic clutch in a power interrupting device having a general frictional electromagnetic clutch. This cam mechanism is interposed between the armature and the output side member of the power interrupting device. By providing this cam mechanism, the friction force of the cam mechanism can be added to the friction force of the friction type electromagnetic clutch, so that the frictional force of the power interrupting device can be amplified and the torque transmission capability of the electromagnetic clutch can be increased. This makes it easy to reduce the size and power consumption.

  Embodiments of an electric door opening and closing device for automobiles according to the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 shows a state when the friction type electromagnetic clutch 1 is not energized, and FIG. 2 shows a state when the electromagnetic clutch 1 is energized.

  The electric door opening and closing device of this embodiment includes a power interrupting device 2 that switches between engagement and idling by the friction type electromagnetic clutch 1. The frictional electromagnetic clutch 1 has a configuration in which a holder 4 is fixed to a cast housing main body 3a by screwing or the like, and an electromagnetic coil 5 is attached to the holder 4. A steel plate upper cover 3b and a lower cover 3c are fitted on the upper and lower sides of the housing main body 3a, and the housing 3 is entirely constituted by the housing main body 3a and the upper and lower cover 3b, 3c.

  A shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the holder 4 of the electromagnetic coil 5 and the lower cover 3c of the housing 3 via two rolling bearings 6 and 7, and a part of the shaft 8 is horizontally extended above the electromagnetic coil 5. The rotor 9 is formed so as to overhang. Note that one rolling bearing 6 attached to the holder 4 of the electromagnetic coil 5 is prevented from coming off by a retaining ring 10.

  A worm wheel 11 housed in a lower space surrounded by the housing body 3a and the lower cover 3c is attached to the lower portion of the shaft 8, and this worm wheel 11 is connected to an external drive motor (not shown). The worm gear 13 is constituted by meshing with the worm 12 that is rotationally driven by the above. The worm wheel 11 is prevented from coming off by a retaining ring 14.

  On the other hand, a wire take-up drum 16 is rotatably attached to the upper cover 3 b of the housing 3 via a rolling bearing 15, and an electromagnetic clutch 1 and a cam mechanism 18 to be described later are provided inside the wire take-up drum 16. Contained. The wire take-up drum 16 is attached to the upper end of the coaxially arranged shaft 8 via a slide bearing 17 and is rotatable relative to the shaft 8. A wire (not shown) for opening and closing the electric slide door and the electric back door is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the wire winding drum 16.

  A cam mechanism 18 is provided between the shaft rotor 9 which is an input side member of the power interrupting device 2 and the wire winding drum 16 which is an output side member thereof. The cam mechanism 18 has an armature 19 inserted through the shaft 8 so as to be movable in the axial direction, a cam groove 20 is formed on the opposite surface (the upper surface in the drawing) of the armature 19 to the rotor, and a wire take-up drum. Cam grooves 21 are formed on the 16 armature facing surfaces (the lower surface in the drawing), and the balls 22 as the engagement elements can be engaged and disengaged between the cam grooves 20 of the armature 19 and the cam grooves 21 of the wire winding drum 16. Is intervened.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cam grooves 20 of the armature 19 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, for example, at 90 ° intervals, and each cam groove 20 is deepest at the central portion in the circumferential direction and has both circumferential ends. It is formed so as to become shallower toward the part. The structure of the cam groove 20 is the same for the wire take-up drum 16. A wedge clearance is formed by the cam groove 20 of the armature 19 and the cam groove 21 of the wire winding drum 16.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, in the case where the ball 22 is positioned at substantially the center portion of the cam grooves 20 and 21, the ball 22 does not mesh with the wedge clearance formed by the cam grooves 20 and 21, so that the rotor No power is transmitted between 9 and the wire take-up drum 16. On the other hand, when the ball 22 is located at the end of the cam groove 20, 21 of either the rotor 9 or the wire take-up drum 16, as shown in FIG. Since the wedge clearance 21 is engaged, the power is transmitted between the rotor 9 and the wire take-up drum 16.

  Since the armature 19 is attached to the rotor 9 via a return spring 23 (for example, a compression coil spring), the armature 19 is elastic in a direction away from the rotor 9 along the shaft 8, that is, in a direction close to the wire winding drum 16. Is energized.

  Accordingly, when the electromagnetic coil 5 is not energized, there is a clearance a between the armature 19 and the rotor 9 (see FIG. 1), and in the cam mechanism 18, the ball 22 is in the cam groove 20 of the armature 19 and the wire winding drum. The armature 19 and the wire take-up drum 16 are located at the central portion of the cam groove 21 of the 16 and a force is generated to bring them close to each other in the axial direction by the elastic force of the return spring 23 (see FIG. 4A). Becomes a state in which relative rotation is impossible.

  On the other hand, when the electromagnetic coil 5 is energized, the armature 19 is attracted to the rotor 9 against the elastic force of the return spring 23, and a frictional resistance appears between them (see FIG. 2). Here, since the armature 19 is separated from the wire take-up drum 16 due to the adsorption of the armature 19, the armature 19 and the wire take-up drum 16 can be rotated relative to each other. When the two rotate relative to each other, the ball 22 moves to the end of one of the cam grooves 20 and 21 of the rotor 9 or the wire take-up drum 16 and engages with the wedge clearance (see FIG. 4B). .

  Next, an operation example of the electric door opening and closing device will be described below in the case where the slide door is opened and closed by the electric motor.

  When the electric motor is operated, the friction electromagnetic clutch is energized, and by energizing the electromagnetic coil 5, the armature 19 is attracted to the rotor 9 against the elastic force of the return spring 23, and there is a frictional resistance between them. Appear (see FIG. 2). In this state, when power from the electric motor is input to the shaft 8 via the worm gear 13, the armature 19 rotates relative to the wire winding drum 16 via the rotor 9 of the shaft 8.

  As a result, the ball 22 moves up the cam groove 20 of the armature 19 and moves toward the end thereof, so that the ball 22 enters the wedge clearance between the cam groove 20 of the armature 19 and the cam groove 21 of the wire winding drum 16. Engage [see FIG. 4 (b)]. Thus, when the ball 22 is engaged between the armature 19 and the wire take-up drum 16, the rotor 9 and the wire take-up drum 16 are connected to each other, and the power from the shaft 8 is transmitted to the wire take-up drum 16. The wire take-up drum 16 rotates and the slide door is opened and closed through the wire.

  Here, in the cam mechanism 18, when the ball 22 is caught between the armature 19 and the wire winding drum 16, a force is generated to separate both the armature 19 and the wire winding drum 16 in the axial direction. On the other hand, since the wire take-up drum 16 is restricted from moving in the axial direction (upward in the figure) by the upper cover 3b of the housing 3 via the rolling bearing 15, the force generated by the cam mechanism 18 described above is The armature 19 is pressed against the rotor 9, and the frictional force that appears between the armature 19 and the rotor 9 is amplified by the adsorption of the rotor 9 by the electromagnetic coil 5, and the torque transmission capability of the clutch 1 is improved.

  In addition, when opening and closing a slide door manually, the wire winding drum 16 rotates via the wire connected with the slide door. At this time, since the electric motor is not operated, the electromagnetic coil 5 is in a non-energized state, and therefore there is a gap between the armature 19 and the rotor 9 (see FIG. 1). In the cam mechanism 18, the ball 22 falls into the cam groove 20 of the armature 19 and the cam groove 21 of the wire take-up drum 16 and is positioned at the central portion thereof. A force is generated to bring the drum 16 close to each other, and both cannot be rotated relative to each other (see FIG. 4A).

  In this way, the wire take-up drum 16 and the armature 19 rotate together, but since there is a gap between the armature 19 and the rotor 9, the power from the wire take-up drum 16 is transmitted to the electric motor through the rotor 9. As a result, the sliding door can be manually opened and closed.

  The embodiment described above has a structure using the ball 22 and the cam grooves 20 and 21 as the cam mechanism 18. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a structure using a wave cam. Is also possible. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment in which a corrugated cam structure is incorporated in place of the ball 22 and cam grooves 20 and 21 in the above-described embodiment (see FIG. 1), and FIG. 6 shows an armature having the corrugated cam surface 24. An example of 19 'is shown.

  The electric door opening and closing device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has a structure in which corrugated cam surfaces 24 and 25 are formed on the opposing surfaces of the armature 19 'and the wire winding drum 16'. The same parts as those in the electric door opening and closing apparatus in the embodiment of FIG. In this embodiment, since it is only necessary to form the corrugated cam surfaces 24 and 25 on the armature 19 'and the wire winding drum 16', a simple structure can be realized and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

  In this electric door opening and closing device, when the electromagnetic coil 5 is energized, the armature 19 'is attracted to the rotor 9 against the elastic force of the return spring 23, and a frictional resistance appears between them, so that the power from the electric motor is It becomes possible to communicate. Here, when the armature 19 ′ and the wire take-up drum 16 ′ rotate relative to each other, the mutual waveform cams 24 and 25 do not mesh with each other, and a force is generated to separate the armature 19 ′ and the wire take-up drum 16 ′ in the axial direction. To do. The force generated by the cam mechanism 18 ′ presses the armature 19 ′ against the rotor 9, the frictional force that appears between the armature 19 ′ and the rotor 9 is amplified, and the torque transmission capability of the clutch 1 is improved.

  The structure shown in FIG. 7 is an electric door opening and closing device according to another embodiment, but uses a ball 22 and cam grooves 20 and 21 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The electric door opening and closing device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has a configuration in which a friction plate 26 that cannot rotate relative to the rotor 8 is added to the armature side of the wire winding drum 16 in the embodiment of FIG.

  The friction plate 26 is coaxially inserted into the end portion of the shaft 8, and is prevented from being detached from the shaft 8 by a retaining ring 27. A return spring 28 is interposed between the friction plate 26 and the wire take-up drum 16, and the wire take-up drum 16 is biased in the direction approaching the armature 19 by its elastic force. The same parts as those in the electric door opening and closing apparatus in the embodiment of FIG.

  In the electric door opening and closing apparatus according to this embodiment, the armature 19 is attracted to the rotor 9 by energization of the electromagnetic coil 5, and a frictional resistance appears between them. Further, the cam mechanism 18 is operated to generate a force that separates the armature 19 and the wire take-up drum 16 in the axial direction, so that the armature 19 is pressed against the rotor side, and the frictional force between the armature 19 and the rotor 9 is generated. Amplified. Further, the wire take-up drum 16 is pressed against the friction plate 26 against the elastic force of the return spring 28 by a reaction force when the armature 19 is pressed against the rotor side. As a result, a frictional force is generated between the friction plate 26 and the wire take-up drum 16, and the frictional force between the armature 19 and the rotor 9 is further amplified. As a result of the increase in the number of power transmission points, the torque transmission capability can be further improved as compared with the embodiment of FIG.

It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of the deenergization of a friction type electromagnetic clutch by embodiment of the electrically-driven door opening / closing apparatus for motor vehicles based on this invention. In embodiment of this invention, it is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of electricity supply of a friction type electromagnetic clutch. It is a top view which shows the cam groove | channel provided in the armature of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the ball | bowl arrange | positioned at the cam groove. (A) is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the cam mechanism in a free state, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the cam mechanism in a locked state. It is sectional drawing which shows the electric door opening / closing apparatus which comprised the cam mechanism using the waveform cam in other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a wave cam in the armature of FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an electric door opening and closing device in which a friction plate is added to the cam mechanism of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Friction type electromagnetic clutch 2 Power interruption device 8 Input side member of power interruption device 16 Output side member of power interruption device 18 Cam mechanism 19 Armature 20, 21 Cam groove 22 Engagement element (ball)
23 Elastic member (return spring)
24, 25 Corrugated cam surface 26 Friction plate

Claims (8)

  An electric door opening and closing device configured to open and close an automobile door by an electric motor, comprising: a power interrupting device that switches between engagement and idling by a friction electromagnetic clutch; and a cam mechanism that amplifies friction force to the friction electromagnetic clutch. An electric door opening and closing device for an automobile.   The cam mechanism includes an armature arranged coaxially and axially movable with respect to an input side member of the power interrupting device, an output side member of the power interrupting device arranged coaxially with the input side member, The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, comprising an armature and an engagement member that engages and disengages with a cam groove formed on the mutually facing surfaces of the output side member.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein the engagement element is a ball.   The cam mechanism includes an armature arranged coaxially and axially movable with respect to an input side member of the power interrupting device, an output side member of the power interrupting device arranged coaxially with the input side member, The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 1, comprising an armature and corrugated cam surfaces formed on mutually opposing surfaces of the output side member.   The friction type electromagnetic clutch separates the two by an elastic member interposed between the input side member and the armature when not energized, and adsorbs the armature to the input side member against the elastic force of the elastic member when energized. The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to claim 2 or 4, wherein a frictional force is caused to appear.   A friction plate is disposed coaxially with the output-side member on the opposite side of the output-side member to the armature-facing side so that a frictional force appears between the input-side member and the armature when the friction electromagnetic clutch is energized. An electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 2, 4, and 5, wherein a frictional force is caused to appear between the friction plate and the friction plate.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric door is a slide door provided on a side surface of the automobile.   The electric door opening and closing device for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric door is a back door provided on a back surface of the automobile.

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