JP2006131126A - Marine effluent matter recovery ship - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a marine effluent matter recovery ship maximizing the recovery amount of marine effluent petroleum or the like per unit time with consideration on safety, minimizing marine contamination and environmental disruption and recovering precious resource with reduced cost by introducing a large-sized marine effluent matter suction system, a liquid centrifugal separator and a total control system. <P>SOLUTION: The marine effluent matter recovery ship 2 are connected with two tugboats with ropes having an oil fence, and the two tugboats are developed in a V-shape to catch the marine effluent matter within the oil fence. The caught marine effluent matter is sucked through a suction port in the bows, and the sucked marine effluent matter is separated from seawater and air by using a centrifugal separator and a gravity type gas-liquid separator. The separated marine effluent matter is recovered into the recovery ship. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a marine effluent recovery vessel that sucks out marine effluent that has flowed into the sea due to a crude oil tanker accident etc. with a system having a large suction capacity, efficiently separates it, collects it in a short time, and safely stores it in the hold It is about.

  After a tanker accident, etc., recovery of oils by human sea tactics, installation of an oil fence, adsorption mat method for collecting oils on a sponge-like adsorption belt (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), seawater after recovery (For example, refer to Patent Document 2), oil is agglomerated and precipitated using chemical substances, oil treatment agent is deposited on the seabed, and petroleum is burned and burned on site. There are a method (for example, see Patent Document 3), a bioremediation method, a method for sucking sea effluent together with seawater and separating it by natural gravity in the hold (for example, see Patent Document 4).

However, all of them have drawbacks such as low processing capacity, inability to reduce the load related to marine pollution, waste of resources, no prevention of onboard tank explosion, and no centralized management system. Low processing capacity increases the extent of marine effluent advection and diffusion, resulting in increased damage. Precipitation of oils with chemicals is accompanied by long-term secondary contamination. It took time and effort to respond after the accident and could not prevent the damage from spreading. In order to secure the tanker route, ensure energy stability and preserve the environment, quick, safe and economical follow-up measures are required.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-123378 JP-A-11-139384 JP 2001-173930 A JP-A-11-222185

  To date, the tanker structure has been improved, but due to overcrowding of the tanker route and coastal routes, collisions, grounding accidents, severe sinking accidents, etc. are expected in the future. Furthermore, hundreds of thousands of tons of spill accidents may occur. In addition, marine accidents of tankers such as crude oil cause serious marine pollution, destroy the ecosystem, and cause human damage to people involved in recovery work due to harmful substances. Furthermore, there was a problem that such damage caused a worsening of friendly relations with countries on the tanker route.

  The present invention solves the above problems, and by introducing a large marine effluent suction system, a liquid centrifuge, and a comprehensive management system, the oil spills per unit time, etc. while considering safety. The objective is to provide a marine effluent collection ship that maximizes the amount of collected water, minimizes damage from marine pollution and environmental destruction, collects valuable resources, and reduces collection costs.

In order to achieve the above object, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention connects the marine effluent recovery ship and each of the two tugboats with ropes having an oil fence, and develops the two tugboats into a V-shape. The spilled material is sandwiched between oil fences, the spilled sea spilled material is sucked in from the suction port of the bow, and the sucked sea spilled material is separated from seawater and air using a centrifugal separator and a gravity gas-liquid separator. In addition to separation, the separated marine effluent is collected in a collection hold.
In addition, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention is provided with an obstacle removal net at the suction port provided at the bow, and a suction pump and a fluid rotation promoting vane in the pipe are provided in a cylindrical conduit connecting the suction port and the centrifuge. It is provided.
In addition, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention includes a marine weather observation including the spill area, ocean current and position observation device, nature, general environment, coastal conditions, urgency, safety, driftwood, etc. Equipment, equipment for measuring spillage such as crude oil, layer thickness of accumulated effluent, suction volume including seawater and air, equipment for predicting advection and diffusion of spills, damage diffusion prevention planning and recovery work simulation, and related data And a device for performing automatic analysis, and a device for performing process work optimization, safety management, emergency management, and comprehensive judgment.
Moreover, the tugboat in the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention is equipped with an oil fence winder, a fence storage, and a simple effluent analyzer.
In addition, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention is characterized in that a part or all of the exhaust gas of the power engine that drives the marine effluent recovery ship can be transferred to the marine effluent recovery ship hold.
In addition, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention automatically discharges seawater, volatile gas, and exhaust gas from the power engine in the marine effluent recovery ship, and enables the recovered marine effluent to be transported outside the ship. It is characterized by that.
In addition, the marine effluent recovery ship of the present invention is characterized in that a suction function for sucking marine effluent is performed by the propulsion device of the ship.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) Minimize marine pollution, environmental destruction and human damage caused by tanker collisions, grounding accidents, sinking accidents, etc., and enable resource recovery. That is, the amount of oil recovered per unit time is orders of magnitude greater than that of the conventional method, reducing the advection and diffusion of marine pollutants, and recovering and using resource energy.
(2) Serious coastal sea pollution caused by tanker accidents leaves a heavy burden on recovery and security to the region, and also causes regional problems in the closure of the route. Problems that occur after the incident can be resolved promptly.
(3) By preventing marine pollution of tanker routes, it is of great significance to prevent international problems and contribute to ensuring energy stability and maintaining the environment in Japan.
(4) By installing a comprehensive management system, large-capacity suction system, liquid centrifuge, and gas explosion prevention system on a marine effluent collection ship, a large amount of marine effluent can be collected quickly and safely.
(5) Collect and process information from inside and outside the recovery vessel related to recovery work, have a system that automatically responds, and enable operation based on human judgment.

  The best mode for carrying out the marine effluent recovery ship according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings based on the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a positional relationship among a marine effluent, a recovery ship, and a tugboat that embodies the present invention.
The marine spill recovery vessel 4 that collects the marine oil spill 1 and the two tugboats 2 are connected by a rope 3 having an oil fence, and the two tugboats 2 form a V-shape to obtain the marine spilled oil 1 The marine effluent recovery ship 4 is towed to match the speed of the marine effluent recovery ship 4.
Each tugboat 2, 2 is equipped with an oil fence winder, a fence hangar, a spilled simple analyzer, etc. (not shown). The length of the oil fence 3, the distance between the tugs 2 and 2 sandwiching the oil spill 1 and the traction speed of the sea spill recovery vessel 4 are automatically or manually controlled by the recovery vessel under optimum conditions for recovery and safety. The The oil fence near the tip of the sea spill recovery vessel 4 is preferably a large fence, for example, 1 m or more above the sea surface and 1 m or more below the sea surface.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a management system that performs an accurate marine effluent collection operation based on observation results, measurement results, and information from outside the ship in order to carry out the present invention.
In order to demonstrate a high-performance collection function, there is a self-management function that comprehensively grasps, evaluates and implements countermeasures in advance, such as pre-performance simulation, grasping the situation on site, and real-time data in the collection process. That is, location confirmation, ocean current observation, marine meteorological observation, coastal situation grasp, environmental impact prediction, emergency safety assessment / measures, crude oil property evaluation, spillage layer measurement, driftwood etc. confirmation and countermeasures, runoff volume assessment, recovery plan In order to perform recovery process management, information exchange functions, etc., the sea spill recovery vessel 4 includes marine weather including the spill area, ocean current and position observation device 6, nature, general environment, coastal conditions, urgency, safety and Peripheral environment observation and evaluation device 7 such as driftwood, properties of spills such as crude oil, layer thickness of accumulated spills, suction 8 including seawater and air, prediction of advection diffusion of spills, damage diffusion prevention plan and A device 9 for performing a recovery work simulation, a device 10 for accumulating related data and performing automatic analysis, and a device 11 for performing process work optimization, safety management, emergency management and comprehensive judgment are mounted.

FIG. 3 shows that the sea effluent is collected by the V-shaped oil fence 3 by the sea effluent recovery ship 4 and the tugboat 2, and the sea effluent 1 is accumulated 12 near the tip of the sea effluent recovery ship 4. It is a figure which shows the condition which enables mass suction of marine effluent from the suction inlet 5. FIG.
The marine effluent 1 collected by the two tugboats 2 is accumulated 12 at the tip of the marine effluent recovery vessel 4. The thickness of the sea effluent accumulation layer is preferably 1 m or more, which improves the recovery efficiency of the sea effluent. In order to form an optimal accumulation layer, the navigation speed and the tugboat interval are determined in accordance with the capabilities of the two tugboats 2. The behavior of the two tugboats 2 is automatically controlled while maintaining the maximum spill recovery rate according to the capability of the oil fence 3 near the tip and the thickness of the sea spill accumulation layer. In addition, the tugboat 2 and the marine effluent collection ship 4 have a function of cutting the oil fence 3 and evacuating as necessary in an emergency such as a fire of the marine effluent 1, and also have a fire extinguishing function. The tugboat 2 that may be surrounded by volatile components of hydrocarbons is preferably explosion-proof if possible.

FIG. 4 shows that the marine effluent is divided into mesh sizes by an obstacle removal net 13 installed at the marine effluent suction port 5, and this division of the marine effluent 1 increases the fluidity of the marine effluent in the recovery process. FIG.
Obstacles such as driftwood that hinder the operation of the recovery device are removed by the obstacle removal net 13 at the tip. The obstacle removal net 13 also has a function of cutting off-shore masses due to alteration of crude oil and the like in the flow direction, and the divided effluent 14 divided from the marine spill mass enhances its fluidity and stabilizes the onboard recovery process. Let Obstacles such as large driftwood are detected by the marine effluent 1 monitoring device inside and outside the marine effluent recovery ship 4, and a method of removing driftwood etc. with a crane or a scraper and a suction metering shutter described later installed at the tip suction port 5 It can be avoided by closing.
The marine effluent 1 sucked from the suction port 5 passes through the cylindrical conduit 15 and is sucked by a suction pump 16 described later.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a preliminary separation mechanism in which an in-pipe fluid swirl promoting wing plate 17 is installed after the suction pump 16 to accelerate the rotational speed of the fluid and separate into seawater, marine effluent and air by centrifugal force.
The suction pump 16 sucks a large amount of the marine effluent 1. In order to cope with the advection and diffusion of marine effluent 1 due to a tanker accident or the like, the suction pump 16 sucks marine effluent 1 containing seawater at a maximum level, for example, several cubic meters per second (about several tons per second). Then, it is separated quickly and in large quantities by the centrifuge 20 and safely temporarily stored in the hold.
Seawater and air are sucked together with the marine effluent 1 depending on the weather, sea surface conditions, and the state of accumulation of the marine effluent 1 at the tip. In order to create a stronger swirl flow 18 when the swirl flow of the fluid pushed out by the suction pump 16 is weak, or in order to create a stronger swirl flow 18, an in-pipe fluid rotation promoting vane plate 17 is provided as a pre-separation mechanism.
The swirling of the fluid in the cylindrical conduit 15 separates them by centrifugal force based on the difference in specific gravity (density) between seawater (relatively heavy) and effluent (relatively light). The seawater rich part and the sea effluent rich part are separated by a separation conduit 19. Both are introduced into the centrifuge 20. If an inner cylindrical tube (not shown) is installed at a location located in a concentric circle of the separation conduit 19, seawater mainly flows between the separation conduit 19 and the inner cylinder, and mainly sea effluent and air inside the inner cylindrical tube. Flows.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the centrifuge 20. The seawater-rich stream is introduced outside the centrifugal inlet, and the sea-outflow rich stream is introduced inside the inlet. In sea effluent suction, when the proportion of sea effluent is larger than seawater, the seawater drainage valve is automatically adjusted and throttled, and at the same time, the position of the sea effluent recovery hole 27 moves upward, and the amount of sea effluent is increased. Increase. Seawater is drained out of the ship. Depending on the capacity of the suction pump 16, one centrifuge 20 is installed in the marine effluent collection ship 4 or in parallel.
The centrifuge 20 has a function of separating using physical properties of seawater, marine effluent and air, in particular, a difference in centrifugal force due to a difference in specific gravity (density: weight per unit volume). One or a plurality of centrifuge inlets 23 for the seawater rich portion and the marine effluent rich portion can be installed. The seawater rich stream 24 is introduced into the outer inlet, and the marine effluent rich stream 25 is introduced into the inner inlet. In the centrifugal separator 20, the seawater rich portion and the sea effluent rich portion are further efficiently separated while turning. The seawater drainage automatic control valve 26 is linked to the effluent recovery hole 27 and has a function of controlling the marine effluent recovery rate. When the sea effluent is higher than the set value, the valve works in the closing direction. In order to further enhance the separation function in the centrifuge 20, the seawater drainage automatic control valve 26 in the centrifuge bottom hole automatically controls the seawater discharge amount based on the recovery rate measurement result and the like. In order to further enhance the separation function, the position of the sea effluent recovery hole 27 of the centrifuge 20 moves up and down in conjunction with the seawater drainage automatic control valve 26.
Seawater components are discharged from the seawater discharge port 21 to the outside of the ship. Marine effluent and air are introduced into gravity gas-liquid separator 29 via conduit 28.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a gravity-type gas-liquid separator 29 that separates the recovered marine effluent and air. The gravity gas-liquid separator 29 has an oil level sensor 30, and the recovery efficiency is evaluated. The gas discharge automatic metering valve 32 maintains an appropriate oil level.
The gas mixture 31 of volatile components, particularly hydrocarbon-based volatile components, and air has a high risk of ignition and explosion. It is necessary to immediately and safely dispose of a mixture of air and marine effluent before sending it to the oil hold. In the gravity gas-liquid separator 29, the liquid level is appropriately managed by the functions of the oil level sensor 30 and the gas discharge automatic metering valve 32. The gas separated from the marine effluent 1 is discharged to the outside from the exhaust tower 33 through the gas discharge automatic metering valve 32, and the marine effluent from which the gas has been separated is sent to the recovery vessel 35 through the recovered substance conduit 34.

FIG. 8 shows a case in which a suction metering shutter 36 is provided at the recovery vessel tip in order to increase the recovery efficiency of the marine effluent when the state of sea effluent accumulation at the recovery vessel tip changes due to the weather and sea level conditions at sea. FIG. The shutter 36 has a function of removing driftwood and the like that obstruct the recovery of marine effluent from the obstacle removal net. Examples of the configuration for removing the suction metering shutter 36 from the obstacle removal net include a downward wiper, a manipulator, and a crane.
The operation of the suction pump 16, the in-pipe fluid rotation promoting blade 17, the centrifugal separator 20, the gravity gas-liquid separator 29, etc. is performed by detecting optimum conditions based on comprehensive judgment. In particular, the operation of the suction metering shutter 36 installed at the tip is important for matching the recovery ship function and the spillage accumulation state. The location of oil spills, seawater and air is detected by a sensor installed at the tip suction port.
The air intake amount, the marine effluent intake amount, and the seawater intake amount are controlled by opening and closing the suction port metering shutter 36.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system for reducing the oxygen concentration and the volatile component concentration in a gas containing a volatile component.
In order to prevent explosion in the hold 35 due to volatile components from the marine effluent 1 etc., the exhaust gas 41 of the power source 40 of the marine effluent recovery ship 4 is continuously supplied from the exhaust fire extinguishing shower 42 to the hold 35. Can be filled with exhaust gas. The exhaust gas 41 of the recovery ship power source 40 includes carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas generated by the combustion of the air 38 and the fuel 39, and prevents ignition and explosion of volatile components. Volatile components are exhausted out of the ship from the recovery vessel power source exhaust tower 37 together with the power source exhaust gas 41 from the hold 35. Consideration of the safety of the recovery vessel is indispensable, and the recovery vessel is equipped with a fire extinguishing system.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic structure of a recovery ship such as oil spilled oil obtained by the present invention, particularly a structure in which two centrifuges are added to a discharge conduit of a water jet propulsion system.
Seawater that is naturally separated by gravity in the hold 35 is automatically discharged from the hold 35.
If the recovered oil or the like exceeds the capacity of the hold 35, it can be piped to another ship. The hold 35 in the recovery vessel is divided according to the tanker structure standard.
The marine effluent recovery ship 4 in FIG. 10 sucks marine effluent with the propulsion device 43 of the water jet propulsion system, guides it to one or more centrifuges 20 and a gravity-type gas-liquid separator 29, and separates, collects and collects the marine effluent. Store.
In addition, 44 is a water jet discharge port and 45 is a propulsion stop door.
It is also possible to use a water jet propulsion system to separate seawater, marine effluent and air by inertial centrifugal force in the water jet propulsion pipe.
Further, in the future superconducting electromagnetic propulsion vessel, the marine effluent is sucked in the same manner as in the water jet propulsion system, and separated or coarsely separated by the centrifugal force generated by the revolving flow in the in-pipe fluid rotation promoting vane plate 17. It is also possible to further separate with.

  According to the present invention, a large amount of offshore oil spills can be collected in a short time, marine pollution and human damage can be minimized, and valuable resources can be effectively utilized. Moreover, international problems related to environmental destruction caused by tanker accidents can be prevented. The present invention is indispensable for energy, particularly oil related security. The tanker route is a Japanese artery, and the present invention surpasses industrial applicability, guarantees smooth industrial activity, and ensures the safety of the nation. It can also be used to deal with spill accidents at offshore oil refineries.

It is a top view which shows the positional relationship of the marine effluent which embodies this invention, a collection ship, and a tugboat. It is a figure which shows the management system which performs an accurate marine effluent collection operation | work based on the observation result in a marine runoff field, a measurement result, and the information from the outside ship in order to implement this invention. The figure explaining that the sea effluent is collected by a V-shaped oil fence by a recovery ship and a tugboat, and the sea effluent accumulates near the tip of the sea spill recovery ship, enabling large-scale suction of the sea effluent. It is. The marine effluent is divided into mesh sizes by an obstacle removal net installed at the marine effluent suction port. It is a figure which shows the division | segmentation of a marine effluent improving the fluidity | liquidity of the marine effluent in a collection process. It is a figure which shows the pre-separation mechanism which installs the fluid swirl | stimulation blade | wing plate in a conduit | pipe after a suction pump, accelerates | stimulates the rotational speed of a fluid, and isolate | separates into seawater, marine effluent, and air with a centrifugal force. It is a figure which shows a centrifuge. It is a figure which shows the gravity type gas-liquid separator which isolate | separates the collect | recovered marine effluent and air. It is a figure which shows the state which attached | subjected the suction metering shutter to the recovery ship tip for improving the recovery efficiency of a marine effluent. It is a figure which shows the system which reduces the oxygen concentration and volatile component density | concentration in the gas containing volatile components, such as spilled crude oil. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a basic structure of a recovery ship for offshore oil spills, particularly a structure in which two centrifuges are added to a discharge conduit of a water jet propulsion system.

Explanation of symbols

1 Marine spill 2 Tugboat 3 Tow rope with oil fence 4 Marine spill recovery vessel 5 Suction port 6 Marine meteorology, ocean current and position monitoring device 7 Environmental observation evaluation 8 Crude oil spill properties, layer thickness of accumulated effluent, Device for measuring the amount of suction
9 Equipment for predicting advection and diffusion of effluent, damage diffusion prevention plan, recovery work simulation 10 Equipment for accumulating related data and automatic analysis 11 Equipment for optimizing process work, safety management, emergency management, comprehensive judgment 12 Sea runoff Material collection 13 Obstacle removal net 14 Divided effluent 15 Cylindrical conduit 16 Suction pump 17 In-pipe fluid rotation facilitating blade 18 Swirling flow 19 Separation conduit 20 Centrifugal machine 21 Seawater outlet 23 Centrifugal inlet 24 Seawater rich stream 25 Marine effluent rich fraction 26 Seawater drainage automatic control valve 27 Marine effluent recovery hole 28 Conduit 29 Gravity gas-liquid separator 30 Oil level sensor 31 Volatile components and air 32 Gas discharge automatic metering valve 33 Exhaust tower 34 Collected material Conduit 35 Recovery vessel 36 Suction metering shutter 37 Recovery vessel power source exhaust tower 38 Air 39 Fuel 4 Recovery vessel power source 41 recovery ship power source exhaust 42 exhaust fire fighting shower 43 water jet propulsion unit 44 water jet discharge port 45 propulsion stop door

Claims (7)

  The marine effluent recovery ship and each of the two tugboats are connected by ropes with an oil fence, and the two tugboats are deployed in a V-shape and the marine effluent is sandwiched between the oil fences. The object is sucked from the inlet of the bow, and the aspirated marine effluent is separated from seawater and air using a centrifuge and a gravity-type gas-liquid separator, and the separated marine effluent is collected in a recovery hold. A marine effluent recovery vessel characterized by   The obstruction removal net is provided in the suction port provided in the bow, and the suction pump and the fluid rotation promotion vane in the pipe are provided in the cylindrical conduit connecting the suction port and the centrifuge. Marine spill recovery vessel.   Marine spill recovery vessels include marine meteorology including spill areas, ocean currents and position observation equipment, natural environment, general environment, coastal conditions, urgency, safety, driftwood, etc. Equipment for measuring properties of materials, layer thickness of accumulated effluent, suction volume including seawater and air, prediction of effluent advection and diffusion, damage diffusion prevention planning and recovery simulation, accumulation of related data, automatic analysis The marine effluent recovery vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a device for performing the process and a device for performing process work optimization, safety management, emergency management and comprehensive judgment are mounted.   The marine effluent recovery ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tugboat is equipped with an oil fence winder, a fence hangar, and a simple effluent analyzer.   5. The exhaust gas of a power engine that drives a marine effluent recovery ship can be partially or entirely transferred to a marine effluent collection ship. Sea spill recovery ship.   The seawater, volatile gas and power engine exhaust gas in the marine effluent recovery ship are automatically discharged, and the recovered marine effluent can be transported outside the ship. A marine effluent collection ship according to any one of the above.   The marine effluent recovery vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a suction function for sucking marine effluent is performed by a ship propulsion device.

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