JP2006110463A - Dry-type separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dry-type separator of which continuous separation operation can be performed, from which sediment and floating matter can be continuously taken out and further can be recovered at high recovery rate. <P>SOLUTION: The dry-type separator 1 is constituted of a separation tank 2, a powder feeding means 3 which feeds powder for forming a fluidized layer 2a to the separation tank 2, an object to be separated feeding means 4 which feeds an object to be separated to the separation tank 2, an inclined air-permeable plate 5 which is arranged at a lower part of the separation tank 2, a wind box 6 which fluidizes powder by feeding gas into the separation tank 2 through the air-permeable plate 5 from below the air permeable plate 5, a sediment discharging port 7 which protrudes downward from a bottom part of the separation tank 2 and discharges the sediment Ws sedimented in the fluidized layer 2a in the separation tank 2 outside the separation tank 2, a floating matter discharging port 8 which discharges the floating matter Wf floated in the fluidized layer 2a in the separation tank 2 outside the separation tank 2 and an opening/closing damper 9 for opening/closing the floating matter discharging port 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a dry separation apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a dry separation apparatus. More specifically, the powder is sprayed with gas to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed. Applicable to the specific gravity separation method in the fluidized bed that separates both objects by levitating an object with a density lower than the apparent density of the fluidized bed in the target object, and sinking an object with a density greater than the apparent density of the fluidized bed. The present invention relates to a dry separation apparatus.

  Conventional wet separation as a technology for separating vinyl chloride and non-vinyl chloride in shredder, which is generated when recycling household electrical appliances, technology for separating plastic and metal, wood material in building waste, mortar and stone However, since a drying step after separation is required and the cost is increased, it is desired to carry out by a dry method.

  The specific gravity difference between vinyl chloride and non-vinyl chloride in the shredder that occurs when recycling household appliances is very small (vinyl chloride: ~ 1.4, PS, ABS: ~ 1.2). Is difficult to separate. As a separation technique for separating these vinyl chloride and non-vinyl chloride, a continuous separation method is desired. For example, a dry coal separation method and apparatus for separating specific gravity of coal without using a liquid is known as one that continuously separates those having a small density difference.

  In the case of the dry coal separation method, by supplying a gas from the bottom of the powder fluidizing medium, the powder is fluidized to form a fluidized bed, and coal particles are charged into the fluidized bed. The coal particles having a density smaller than the apparent density are levitated and the coal particles having a high density are allowed to settle. Examples of the powder fluidizing medium include glass beads, calcium carbonate, and silica sand.

  The dry coal separation apparatus comprises a separation tank provided with a porous dispersion plate on the bottom surface, and a rotatable cylindrical collection rotor disposed so as to incline so that at least a part of the separation tank enters the rotor. Is provided with a porous ring-shaped bottom plate, a plurality of collection chambers defined by a plurality of partition plates fixed in a radial direction to the ring-shaped bottom plate, and a side plate standing on the outer peripheral edge of the ring-shaped bottom plate, A fluidized bed of fluidizing medium is formed in the separation tank by the gas blown from the dispersion plate at the bottom of the separation tank, and the settled coal particles are collected in a collection chamber below the rotor and scraped together with the rotation of the rotor. The gas is discharged from the upper collection chamber through the inner peripheral edge of the ring-shaped bottom plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  There is also a research paper on material separation of automotive shredder dust by specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed.

  In this research paper, "I tried to separate the three components of plastic, rubber, and wiring in dust using the specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed. The powder was fluidized by blowing from the bottom. Since the solid-gas fluidized bed has properties similar to liquids, an object that is lighter than the bulk density in the fluidized state floats in the bed and a heavy object sinks. High quality of coal and separation of silica and wax with a density difference of about 250kg / cm3 are possible. The density of the three components was determined in the order of plastic <rubber <wiring, and only the wiring was settled and separated with unibeads and zircon sand, and the plastic was floated with glass beads. Let Attempts were made to separate and separate the rubber, and the difference in the density of each component is small, and the separation of each component is expected to be difficult because the floating of the body is greatly affected by the flow of particles and bubbles in the layer. Therefore, in order to obtain a high separation efficiency, separation experiments were performed with various superficial speeds varied. And, as a result of the above test, it was described that the three components could be separated and the respective recoveries were high (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  The fluidized bed described in Patent Document 1 is synonymous with the solid-gas fluidized bed described in Non-Patent Document 1. That is, the separation method described in Patent Document 1 is different from the separation method described in Non-Patent Document 1 above, but these are basically the same separation method, In either case, a specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed is used.

  The separation apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is applied to the dry coal separation method described in Patent Document 1, and the object to be separated is coal, but also when it is other than coal. It is considered that it can be applied, and it is considered that the target substance can be separated by selecting and using an appropriate powder fluidizing medium.

  In the separation apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a rotatable cylindrical collection rotor disposed at an inclination as a mechanism for continuously taking out an object (sediment) that has settled in a fluidized bed (solid-gas fluidized bed). However, since it has what has a several collection chamber, it settles in a fluidized bed, The sediment which entered the said collection chamber can be taken out continuously.

However, sediment that settles in the fluidized bed and does not enter the collection chamber falls on the bottom surface (porous dispersion plate) of the separation tank and cannot be taken out by the collection rotor. If this sediment is not taken out, the sediment recovery rate (ratio of the collected sediment to the total sediment) will be low. In order to improve the sediment recovery rate, when the sediment is to be taken out, it is necessary to stop the operation of the separation device, so that the continuous separation operation cannot be performed. As a result, the separation efficiency (per unit time) The amount of separation, that is, the amount of sediment and levitated matter recovered per unit time) is reduced.
JP 2000-61398 A Jun Oshiya, Kyoko Sugawara, Koji Kiyoshima, Yoshinosuke Tanaka: Journal of Powder Engineering, Vol.38, 702-709 (2001)

  The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described circumstances, and its purpose is to perform a specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed, that is, by supplying a gas from under the powder and A fluidized bed is formed by fluidizing, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed, and an object having a density lower than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is levitated in the object to be separated, and the fluidized bed apparently appears. This is a dry separation device that is applied to the specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed that separates both objects by settling an object having a density higher than the density, and is capable of continuous separation operation and continuously taking out the sediment and floated material. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dry separation apparatus that can collect sediment and levitated matter at a high recovery rate.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have completed the present invention. The present invention is a dry separation apparatus applied to a specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed, capable of continuous separation operation, continuously removing sediment and floated material, and sediment and floated material. Can be recovered at a high recovery rate, and the above object can be achieved.

  The present invention, which has been completed in this way and has achieved the above object, relates to a dry separation apparatus, which is the dry separation apparatus according to claims 1 to 4 of the present application, and the dry separation apparatus has the following configuration. It is a thing.

  That is, in the dry separation apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, a gas is supplied from below the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed. The specific gravity in the fluidized bed that separates both objects by levitating an object having a density lower than the apparent density of the fluidized bed, and sinking an object having a density greater than the apparent density of the fluidized bed. A dry separation apparatus applied to a separation method, a separation tank, a powder supply means for supplying powder for forming a fluidized bed to the separation tank, and a separation target for supplying an object to be separated to the separation tank Object supply means, an inclined air permeable plate disposed in the lower part of the separation tank, and gas from the lower side of the air permeable plate through the air permeable plate to the separation tank to supply the powder. Powder fluidizing gas supply means for fluidization and below the bottom of the separation tank And a sediment discharge port for discharging the sediment settled in the fluidized bed in the separation tank to the outside of the separation tank, and discharging the levitated matter floated in the fluidized bed in the separation tank to the outside of the separation tank. A dry separation apparatus comprising: a float discharge port that opens and an openable / closable open / close damper that opens and closes the float discharge port.

  In the dry separation apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, a gas is supplied from below the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed. Specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed in which an object having a density lower than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is levitated out of the objects to be separated, and an object having a density greater than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is settled to separate both objects. A separation tank, a powder supply means for supplying powder for forming a fluidized bed to the separation tank, and a separation target object for supplying the separation target object to the separation tank Supply means, an inclined air permeable plate disposed in the lower part of the separation tank, and gas from the lower side of the gas permeable plate through the air permeable plate to the separation tank to fluidize the powder And a powder fluidizing gas supply means for projecting downward from the bottom of the separation tank. And a sediment discharge port for discharging the sediment settled in the fluidized bed in the separation tank to the outside of the separation tank, and a floated substance floating in the fluidized bed in the separation tank is discharged to the outside of the separation tank. A dry separation apparatus comprising a floated material discharge port and a conveyor that conveys the discharged material discharged from the sediment discharge port.

  In the dry separation apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the sediment discharge port is configured in a cylindrical shape, and the entire lower end of the sediment discharge port is located outward from the end of the separation tank. The dry separation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the dry separation apparatus is inclined so as to.

  The dry separation apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the dry separation apparatus according to the third aspect, further comprising an inclination angle adjusting device for inclining the conveyor head side of the conveyor so as to be higher than the base end side.

  The dry separation apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is a specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed (that is, a gas is supplied from below the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed. The object to be separated is put into the fluidized bed, the object having a density smaller than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is levitated in the object to be separated, and the object having a density larger than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is settling, This is a dry separation apparatus applied to a specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed that separates both objects, and can perform continuous separation operation, and can continuously collect sediment from the sediment discharge port at a high recovery rate. In addition, since the floating material does not stay near the floating material discharge port by opening the open / close damper, the floating material can be taken out from the floating material discharge port with a high recovery rate.

  The dry separation apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention is a specific gravity separation method in a solid-gas fluidized bed (that is, a gas is supplied from below the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed. The object to be separated is put into the fluidized bed, the object having a density smaller than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is levitated in the object to be separated, and the object having a density larger than the apparent density of the fluidized bed is settling, (A specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed that separates both objects), which is capable of continuous separation operation, continuously removing sediment and floated material, and sediment and floated material. Can be recovered at a high recovery rate. Furthermore, the amount of powder extracted can be adjusted freely by adjusting the gap between the lower end of the sediment discharge port and the conveyor belt surface, and the conveyor conveyance speed. It is possible to further improve the separation processing efficiency.

  In the dry separation apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the sediment discharge port is configured in a cylindrical shape, and the entire lower end of the sediment discharge port is located outward from the end of the separation tank. Inclined to do. Therefore, since the load acting on the sediment discharge port acts as a component force, the load on the conveyor can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to greatly contribute to the reduction of power consumption, the life extension of the conveyor drive motor, and the life extension of the conveyor.

  The dry separation apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is provided with an inclination angle adjusting device for inclining the conveyor head side of the conveyor so as to be higher than the base end side. Therefore, the inclination angle of the conveyor can be freely adjusted to an angle within the repose angle of the powder, and the powder can be moved to a higher position without increasing the installation space of the equipment, saving the equipment space. It can greatly contribute to (compact equipment downsizing).

  Hereinafter, a dry separation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a dry separation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a dry separation apparatus, and the dry separation apparatus 1 includes a separation tank 2. A powder supply port 3 which is a powder supply means for supplying powder for forming the fluidized bed 2 a is provided on one end side of the separation tank 2, and an upper portion near one end side of the separation tank 2. In addition, a separation target supply hopper 4 is provided as a separation target supply means for supplying a separation target into the separation tank 2.

  In addition, a breathable plate 5 is provided at the bottom of the separation tank 2 so as to become lower as the distance from the powder supply port 3 increases. A plurality of wind boxes 6, which are powder fluidizing gas supply means defined by a plurality of partition plates, are provided below the breathable plate 5. By supplying air, which is a gas, into the separation tank 2, the powder constituting the fluidized bed 2 a is fluidized. In this case, the supply amount of the air supplied to the wind box 6 is adjusted by independent air supply means (not shown).

  By the way, in the case of the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, as described above, the breathable plate 5 is inclined, but this can be stepped. By making the breathable plate 5 stepped in this way, the apparent density of the fluidized bed can be made more strictly uniform, so that even if the specific gravity difference is small, it can be separated. Although the four air boxes 6 are provided in the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the number of the air boxes is not particularly limited because it may be five or more.

  Further, a sediment discharge port 7 formed in a cylindrical shape protruding downward is provided at the bottom of the separation tank 2, and the sediment Ws that has settled in the fluidized bed from the sediment discharge port 7 is: It is comprised so that it may discharge | emit on the conveyance belt of the sediment conveyance conveyor 12 provided in the downward direction outside this separation tank 2. FIG. Furthermore, a floating material discharge port 8 for discharging the floated material Wf floated in the fluidized bed 2a in the separation tank 2 to the outside of the separation tank 2 is provided. The damper 10 is wound up by a reversible operation of a damper opening / closing motor 10 provided in the vicinity of the other end of the anti-separation target supply hopper 4 and is intermittently closed by an opening / closing damper 9 that is opened / closed by a chain 11 fed out. And is configured to be opened. The float Wf discharged from the float discharge port 8 is discharged to the float collection means 13 below the float discharge port 8 and collected.

  The height dimension of the open / close damper 9 differs depending on the specific gravity configuration and the collection purpose of the object to be separated. In other words, the height of the open / close damper 9 is used when it is desired to limit the mixing of the sediment into the suspended matter or when it is not desired to incorporate the separation target having the same specific gravity as the fluidized bed into the suspended matter. The size should be 10-25% of the bed thickness of the fluidized bed. Also, if you want to restrict the floating material from being mixed into the sediment, or if you want to collect the object to be separated having the same specific gravity as the fluidized bed, the height of the open / close damper 9 should be It is preferable to be 25 to 50% of the thickness of the fluidized bed. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the height of the opening / closing damper 9 can be adjusted according to the purpose. In the case of this embodiment 1, the open / close damper 9 is configured to be intermittently opened and closed by the chain 11, but for example, a configuration that opens and closes by a gear, a configuration that opens and closes by a fluid pressure cylinder, and an opening and closing by an electric cylinder. The structure to be made may be sufficient.

  In the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, the open / close damper 9 is provided in the floated material discharge port 8 for the following reason. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when trying to discharge the floating material in a state where the floating material discharge port is high, the floating material moved to the floating material discharge port stays and is discharged from the sediment discharge port. Separation efficiency may be reduced. However, since the floating material is effectively discharged from the floating material discharge port 8 by opening the open / close damper 9 and does not stay near the floating material discharge port, the floating material is discharged from the sediment discharge port. There is no risk of losing.

  Hereinafter, an operation mode of the dry separation apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration of the present invention will be described. That is, in the dry separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the Uo / Umf for making the apparent density (bulk density) of the fluidized bed 2a enabling the specific gravity separation to the wind box 6 below the air-permeable plate 5 A large flow velocity of air is supplied, and the surface portion of the powder in the fluidized bed 2a generates a flow toward the float discharge port 8 and the bottom flows toward the sediment discharge port 7. As a result, the small specific gravity levitated material Wf that has floated and moved in the direction of the levitated material discharge port 8 among the objects to be separated is levitated without staying near the levitated material discharge port 8 when the open / close damper 9 is opened. Since all or almost all is discharged and collected from the material discharge port 8, there is less possibility that the material will be discharged from the sediment discharge port 7 and mixed into the sediment Ws. Uo is the superficial velocity, and Umf is the minimum fluidization velocity.

  On the other hand, since the bottom of the separation tank 2, that is, the air-permeable plate 5 is inclined downward toward the sediment discharge port 7, the sediment Ws is easy along the flow of the powder in the fluidized bed 2a at the bottom. It moves toward the heavy load outlet 7 side. For this reason, sediment Ws can be taken out continuously, and all or almost all sediment Ws can be recovered.

  Further, according to the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the first aspect, the clearance t between the lower end of the sediment discharge port 7 and the surface of the conveyor belt of the sediment conveyor 12 and the conveyance speed of the sediment conveyor 12 are adjusted. Thus, the amount of powder extracted can be adjusted freely. Therefore, even if the size of the sediment Ws changes, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that it can be coped with by combining the gap t and the transport speed of the sediment transport conveyor 12.

  By the way, the levitated substance Wf discharged from the levitated substance discharge port 8 to the outside of the separation tank 2 is a mixture in a state of being mixed with the discharged powder. Since the floated material Wf and the powder are remarkably different in particle size, it can be easily separated using the difference. For example, the mixture can be separated into the precipitate Wf and the powder by a normal sieve or the like.

  On the other hand, the sediment Ws discharged from the sediment discharge port 7 to the outside of the separation tank 2 is a mixture in a state of being mixed with the powder discharged accordingly. The sediment Ws and the powder are remarkably different in particle size, and can be easily separated using the difference. For example, the mixture can be separated into the sediment Ws and the powder by a normal sieve or the like.

  The powder separated from the sediment Wf and the sediment Ws by sieving or the like is supplied from the powder supply port 3 into the separation tank 2 together with the powder that is replenished (the amount of powder decreases due to dissipation) as necessary. It is supplied and reused for separation of the object to be separated.

When the supply amount of air supplied to the wind box 6 is not adjusted, the amount of powder on the air permeable plate 5 varies depending on the part because the bottom portion (the air permeable plate 5) of the separation tank 2 is inclined. The apparent density of the whole fluidized bed is different and the separation performance may be lowered. In such a case, the separation performance of the non-separated object can be improved by making the apparent density of the entire fluidized bed uniform. For that purpose, it is effective to control the amount of air supplied to each wind box 6, and in the deeper part of the breathable plate 5 (side closer to the sediment discharge port 7) than the supply amount control load of the air amount. It is possible to adjust the flow velocity so that the apparent density of the whole fluidized bed is uniform.
This makes it possible to set the air amount so that the apparent density of the fluidized bed changes depending on the position in the flow direction.

  Hereinafter, in the form shown in FIG. 2 in which the open / close damper 9 is provided in the floated material discharge port 8 and the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the form 1 shown in FIG. The Example which performed the separation test of the to-be-separated target object with the dry-type separation apparatus which concerns is described.

  That is, 15 samples of 40 mm × 20 mm × 2 mm and 15 samples of 80 mm × 40 mm × 2 mm are both put into the separation tank of the dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (comparative example), and each 10 minutes. A separation test was performed. The fluidized bed powder used in this separation test was silica sand with an apparent specific gravity of 1.21, and the fluidized conditions (Uo / Umf) of the fluidized bed were 1.3. In the case of the comparative example shown in FIG. 2, the weight ratio of the object to be separated to be collected as a floated object to the entire sample was 56%, but the weight ratio of the object to be separated correctly collected as a floating substance to the entire sample was The recovery rate was 9%, which was extremely low.

On the other hand, in the case of the dry separation apparatus according to form 1 shown in FIG. 1, the height dimension of the open / close damper is 5 cm (the maximum layer thickness of the fluidized bed is 45 cm), and just before the end of the separation test. By opening once, the weight ratio of the object to be separated correctly collected as a suspended matter to the whole sample was improved to 33%. The details of the data of the separation test by the dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 2 (Comparative Example) are as shown in Tables 1 to 4 below. Table 1 shows the input materials, Table 2 shows the floated material, and Table 3 shows the Table 4 shows the residue (unrecovered material) in the separation tank and the sediment.

  Next, a dry separation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a dry separation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram in the case where the gap between the lower end of the sediment discharge port and the surface of the conveyor belt of the sediment conveyor is changed. It is explanatory drawing of the relationship of the discharge amount of silica sand with respect to the conveyance speed of a sediment conveyance conveyor. In the case of the dry separation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as is well understood in comparison with FIG. 1 showing the dry separation apparatus according to the first embodiment, the sediment discharge port is mainly inclined. And a point configured to be able to adjust the inclination angle of the sediment transport conveyor. That is, since the main configuration is almost the same as that of the dry separation apparatus according to the first embodiment, the same components and the components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different points will be mainly described.

In the case of the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the entire bottom end of the sediment discharge port 7 configured in a cylindrical shape is outward from the end of the separation tank 2, that is, the sediment discharge port 7 The powder supply port 3 side of the lower end is positioned outward from the end of the separation tank 2 by d (≧ 0) from the vertical line Lv passing through the other end surface of the anti-powder supply port 3 of the separation tank 2. Inclined. Further, the thickest layer thickness of the separation tank 2 at the other end of the fluidized layer 2a is to be L _1, also when the length from the base end portion of the sediment outlet 7 to the tip is L ₂ Then, the length dimension of the sediment discharge port 7 is set so that L ₂ > L ₁ . Then, the sediment transport conveyor 12 that transports the sediment Ws discharged from the sediment discharge port 7 together with the powder is inclined at an inclination angle θ ₁ so that the conveyor head side is higher than the base end side by an inclination angle adjusting device (not shown). It is comprised so that it can be made to incline with. Of course, as in the case of the dry separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the gap t between the lower end of the sediment discharge port 7 and the surface of the conveyor belt of the sediment conveyor 12 can be adjusted. .

  Hereinafter, an operation mode of the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. That is, the main configuration of the dry separation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the main configuration of the dry separation apparatus according to the first embodiment as described above. The same effect can be obtained.

  And as above-mentioned, it inclines so that the whole lower end part of the sediment discharge port 7 may be located outside rather than the edge part of the separation tank 2. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, since the load acting on the sediment discharge port 7 acts as a component force, the load on the sediment transport conveyor 12 can be reduced, the power consumption of the sediment transport conveyor 12 can be reduced, and the life of the conveyor drive motor can be reduced. It is possible to greatly contribute to the extension and the life extension of the sediment transport conveyor 12.

The length L ₂ from the base end portion to the tip end portion of the sediment discharge port 7 is set to be larger than the thickest layer thickness L ₁ of the fluidized bed 2 a on the other end side of the separation tank 2. . Therefore, the air blown from the air box 6 is prevented from coming out of the separation tank 2, so that the fluidization in the fluidized bed 2a can be properly maintained.

  Further, the amount of powder (silica sand) can be freely extracted by adjusting the gap t between the lower end of the sediment discharge port 7 and the surface of the conveyor belt of the sediment conveyor 12, and the conveying speed of the sediment conveyor 12. Therefore, the separation processing efficiency of the object to be separated can be further improved. Incidentally, FIG. 4 shows the relationship of the discharge amount of silica sand as powder with respect to the transport speed of the sediment transport conveyor 12 when the gap t is 20 mm, 32 mm, and 46 mm. According to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the amount of silica sand discharged increases as the gap t increases and the transport speed of the transport conveyor 12 increases.

  Furthermore, an inclination angle adjusting device for inclining the conveyor head side of the sediment transport conveyor 12 so as to be higher than the base end side is provided. Accordingly, the inclination angle of the sediment conveyor 12 can be freely adjusted to an angle within the repose angle of the powder, and the powder can be moved to a high position without increasing the installation space of the equipment. It can greatly contribute to space saving of equipment (compact equipment downsizing).

  In the present invention, with respect to the inclined air-permeable plate 5 disposed at the lower part of the separation tank 2, those shown in the first and second embodiments are inclined in one direction, but inclined in one direction. It is not limited to what is carried out, for example, what is inclined three-dimensionally is included. Further, the surface of the breathable plate 5 is not limited to a flat plate shape, and includes, for example, a curved surface shape, and further includes a stepped shape as described in paragraph [0025].

  Moreover, the air permeable board 5 is a plate-shaped thing which has air permeability. Such a breathable plate 5 has breathability, and air is supplied from below through the breathable plate 5 into the separation tank 2 to fluidize the powder in the separation tank 2 and flow. Any layer can be used as long as the layer 2a can be formed, and the region below the region 2a and the region in the separation tank 2 can be partitioned to prevent the solid in the separation tank 2 from moving to the lower region. Can do. For example, in addition to a plate-like one having many holes and allowing ventilation, a plate-like one formed by sintering, a plate-like one made of a wire mesh, a plate-like one formed by collecting fibers, or the like is used. be able to. The porous dispersion plate described in Patent Document 1 corresponds to a kind of the air permeable plate.

It is a typical sectional view of the dry separation device concerning form 1 of the present invention. It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the dry-type separation apparatus by which the opening-and-closing damper is not provided in the floating thing discharge port. It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the dry-type separation apparatus which concerns on form 2 of this invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the discharge speed of silica sand and the transport speed of the sediment transport conveyor when the gap between the lower end of the sediment discharge port and the surface of the transport belt of the sediment transport conveyor is changed according to the present invention. .

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Dry-type separation apparatus, 2 ... Separation tank, 2a ... Fluidized bed, 3 ... Powder supply port, 4 ... Separation target object supply hopper, 5 ... Breathable plate, 6 ... Air box, 7 ... Sediment discharge port, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 ... Floating matter discharge port, 9 ... Opening / closing damper, 10 ... Damper opening / closing motor, 11 ... Chain, 12 ... Sediment conveyance conveyor, 13 ... Floating matter collection means Wf ... Floating matter, Ws ... Sediment

Claims (4)

  Gas is supplied from under the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the apparent density of the fluidized bed among the objects to be separated A dry separation apparatus applied to a specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed for levitating an object having a lower density and settling an object having a density higher than the apparent density of the fluidized bed to separate both objects, , A powder supply means for supplying a medium for forming a fluidized bed to the separation tank, a separation target supply means for supplying a separation target to the separation tank, and an inclination disposed at a lower portion of the separation tank. An air permeable plate, a powder fluidizing gas supply means for fluidizing the powder by supplying gas into the separation tank through the air permeable plate from below the air permeable plate, and Projected below the bottom, settled in the fluidized bed in the separation tank. A sediment discharge port for discharging a substance out of the separation tank, a floatation object discharge port for discharging a floating substance floated in a fluidized bed in the separation tank to the outside of the separation tank, and opening and closing the floating substance discharge port. A dry separation device comprising an openable and closable damper.   Gas is supplied from under the powder to fluidize the powder to form a fluidized bed, and an object to be separated is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the apparent density of the fluidized bed among the objects to be separated A dry separation apparatus applied to a specific gravity separation method in a fluidized bed for levitating an object having a lower density and settling an object having a density higher than the apparent density of the fluidized bed to separate both objects, A powder supply means for supplying powder for forming a fluidized bed to the separation tank; an object supply means for supplying an object to be separated to the separation tank; and a lower part of the separation tank. An inclined breathable plate, powder fluidizing gas supply means for fluidizing the powder by supplying gas into the separation tank through the breathable plate from below the breathable plate, and the separation tank That protrudes downward from the bottom of the liquid and settles in the fluidized bed in the separation tank. The sediment discharge port for discharging the substance out of the separation tank, the floated material discharge port for discharging the floated substance floating in the fluidized bed in the separation tank to the outside of the separation tank, and the sediment discharge port. And a conveyor for conveying discharged waste.   3. The sediment according to claim 2, wherein the sediment discharge port is formed in a cylindrical shape and is inclined so that the entire lower end portion of the sediment discharge port is positioned outward from the end portion of the separation tank. Dry separation device. The dry separation apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an inclination angle adjusting device that inclines the conveyor head side of the conveyor so as to be higher than the base end side.

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