JP2006109804A - Frost protection apparatus using high frost protection fan having multiple head (multi-head system; several sets) and frost protection method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of conventional swinging frost protection fan system comprising the generation of large gap of the temperature of leaf surface, etc., between the supply mode of warm air and the stop mode of the supply to generate an abrupt temperature variation from X°C of the warm air supply mode to 1-X°C of the supply stop mode wherein the period between the X°C state and the 1-X°C state is about 2 minutes and the pattern is repeated to directly vary the growing environment and give adverse effect on the crop, and the generation of frost damage by a slight lowering of temperature because 1-X°C is close to the limit cold resistance temperature. <P>SOLUTION: The multiple head frost protection fan placed at a high level is composed of a fan mounted in a cylinder placed on a pole erected on a field, a straightening plate and a motor. The frost protection fan has a nearly scrolling wind form by front view and a nearly beam-shaped wind form by plane view to protect the frost damage of crops on the field by the nearly scrolling/nearly beam-shaped wind form. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a defrosting device using a multi-headed high-rise defrosting fan and a defrosting method therefor.

  As is well known, as a method of preventing frost and frost damage (frost prevention) in fields (farms) such as tea gardens (tea bowls), mulberry fields, orchards, fruit vegetables, vegetables, etc. This is a method of covering a crop with radiant cooling from the crop (crop body). b) A method of blowing air by using a frost-proof fan to raise the temperature of the lower layer by using a frost-proof fan. Usually, the warm air of the inversion layer is supplied (blows down), and the ground air is substantially horizontal. It is a method of supplying in the direction (air blowing in the horizontal direction), and aims to prevent frost by utilizing the effective use of warm air and / or vibration caused by wind. In the method of using the warm air of the inversion layer, a field on an inclined land is effective. c) The heating method is a method for preventing frost damage by increasing the temperature and the body temperature of the crop by convection heat and radiant heat from fuels such as heavy oil and petroleum. In addition, there are, for example, d) the sprinkling ice method and e) the irrigation and watering method.

  Among the various defrosting methods described above, the b) air blowing method is suitable in terms of achieving a defrosting effect, ensuring economic efficiency and rationality, or facilitating maintenance management. Therefore, frost and frost damage prevention methods using a frost-proof fan are useful in various tea gardens and orchards. And it became clear from the empirical rule of this applicant and the experimental result in each area that the air blowing method is effective for this frost damage prevention method. An example is shown below.

For example, in the process from apple bud (ripe stage) to leaf bud (flowering stage) to young fruit (juvenile stage), the outside air temperature that is susceptible to freezing and frost damage is shown in Figure 1 as a solid line Indicates the temperature at which frost damage occurs, and the temperature of the inversion layer is indicated by a dashed line. In this state, when the “defrosting method using a multi-head type high-rise defrost fan” of the present invention is employed and warm air is supplied, the outside air temperature indicated by x is actually Even in situations where the temperature falls below the cold resistance, frost damage (frost damage such as frost damage and frost damage) does not occur. In other words, as the supply of warm air continues, the temperature of the foliage, flower buds, leaf buds, juveniles, etc. themselves and the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the foliage, flower buds, leaf buds, juveniles, etc. This is the main reason. In addition, when the conventional <frost prevention method using a defrost fan> is adopted, the outside air temperature indicated by △ is actually higher than the cold resistance of apples. Freezing and frost damage may occur. In other words, the supply of warm air is intermittent due to swinging, and the supply of warm air temporarily stops (see FIG. 7). In Table 1, 4/10, 4/20, and 4/30 indicate dates, the solid line-° C indicates the outside air temperature, and the alternate long and short dash line + ° C indicates the temperature of the inversion layer (inversion strength).

上記の作物の生育時期における耐寒性に関する一般的な数値を図表１に示したが、これらの数値より、僅かに下がった場合でも凍霜害が発生する。この凍霜害とは、作物の細胞の凍結現象であり、この凍結による弊害は、例えば、不発芽(花芽の開花がない)、発芽遅延、萎凋化、果面へのサビ、偏形果、花器の奇形化等の発生、或は無結実、品質の低下、又は収穫量の減少化（減収）、枯死等が考えられる。そして、この数値を下回る耐寒性を確保するために、本発明の「多頭式の高所式防霜ファンを利用した防霜方法」等を採用する。
Chart 1

General numerical values related to cold resistance in the growing season of the above-mentioned crops are shown in Fig. 1. However, even if the numerical values are slightly lower than these numerical values, frost and frost damage occurs. This freezing and frost damage is a phenomenon of freezing of the cells of the crop, and the adverse effects of this freezing include, for example, non-germination (no flowering of flower buds), delayed germination, wilt, rust on fruit, deformed fruit, vase Occurrence of malformation, etc., or innocence, deterioration in quality, decrease in yield (reduction in sales), death, etc. can be considered. And in order to ensure the cold resistance which falls below this numerical value, the “defrosting method using a multi-head type high place defrosting fan” of the present invention is adopted.

この図表２は、一般の作物の生育過程での耐寒性を示した数値であり、表の如く、発芽期、開花期が凍霜害にかかり易い傾向にあり、またその際の影響が、経験則では深刻である。
Chart 2

This chart 2 is a numerical value showing the cold resistance in the growth process of general crops. As shown in the table, the germination and flowering periods tend to be susceptible to freezing and frost damage. So serious.

  Considering the above, the frost-proof fan devices installed in conventional fields are roughly classified into “1” building pole (pole) type frost-proof fan devices and “2” low-place frost-proof fans. Device, or “3” mobile defrost fan device. Among these, the structure intended by the present invention is the “1” pole type anti-frost fan device, and therefore, description will be made based on this type of anti-frost fan device. However, from the relationship of the prior literature and / or the applicant explaining the process that the inventor has invented, the configuration and / or effect of the above-mentioned “2” low location type anti-frost fan device will be explained as needed. Is added. And when the structure of this invention is considered, it is also a technique which can be employ | adopted also to another frost-proof fan apparatus depending on the installation condition, economical efficiency, a demand, or cultivation (cultivation) crops, for example.

  This “1” pole type defrost fan device is provided with a single defrost fan that can be adjusted to swing and tilt on a headland in the field and / or a pole standing in the field. This is a configuration in which the warm air (air) of the inversion layer is blown down to the ground surface of the field using the horizontal swing of the head (referred to as swing) and the depression angle of the defrost fan. . The low-temperature type defrosting fan device of “2” is provided with a single defrosting fan that can be swung and adjusted at a depression angle on an elevating pole that can be accommodated and / or protruded in the ground of a farm. A structure in which air under an inversion layer (which may include warm air) is blown in a substantially horizontal direction with respect to the ground surface of the field using the swing of the fan and the depression angle of the defrost fan (supplying air) Configuration).

  In the conventional “1” and “2” defrosting fan devices, efficient defrosting can be performed using warm air and air (warm air), but the following problems have been pointed out. Yes. (B) Since it is the swing of one frost-proof fan, it takes approximately 20 seconds to return by swinging (assuming intermittent warm air supply). Or, depending on the crop, etc., the defrosting effect may not be achieved. (B) In this intermittent warm air supply example, when there is a warm air supply, the crop body temperature rises. Conversely, when there is no warm air supply, the crop body temperature decreases slightly. This is a problem for some crops. (C) In the worst case, crop frost damage will occur. (D) In order to obtain an ideal frost-proof effect, a large number of pole-type frost-proof fan devices and low-place frost-proof fan devices are required. For example, equipment costs and maintenance costs (running costs) increase. Sometimes.

  As a solution to this problem, the present applicant has proposed documents (1) and (2). Hereinafter, an outline of the documents (1) and (2) will be described. Document (1) is a “multi-head type low defrosting fan device” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-190629. A defrosting fan comprising a cylindrical cylinder provided on a support means standing on a pole, a fan and a current plate provided on the cylindrical cylinder, and a motor for driving the fan. Each defrosting fan is configured to use a fixed and rotating system and / or a small swing system to supply air in a substantially horizontal direction. It is intended to set wide and to blow air efficiently, or to achieve an efficient defrosting effect, to reduce the number of units and to reduce the running cost. In addition, the improvement of the pole type defrost fan device of “1” is resolved (the introduction of a large tea garden management device) to ensure convenience, and the spread of the low place type defrost fan device is promoted. Is intended. Further, the document (2) is “a defrosting method for a farm using a multi-head type defrosting fan and a low-rise type defrosting fan and an apparatus thereof” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-162557. It is designed to prevent frost and frost damage (frost prevention) of crops through a standing pole-type frost-proof fan (1) and a swinging system with several low-level frost-proof fans (2). The air in the inversion layer is blown down through a number of defrost fans of this multi-head type defrost fan, and the blown-down air is defrosted through the defrost fans of each low-temperature type defrost fan. To increase the use of warm air. And it intends to aim at the same effect as the above-mentioned literature (1).

JP 2004-190629 A JP 2004-162557 A

  A conventional swing system is employed to prevent frost. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, there is a large gap between the supply of warm air and the stop of supply, such as the temperature of the leaf surface. Rapid temperature change occurs at -X ° C. The time from X ° C. to 1−X ° C. is about 2 minutes, and this pattern is repeated. This temperature change directly affects the growth environment and adversely affects the crop (crop body), and 1-X ° C is the limit of cold resistance, and even a slight decrease in temperature can cause frost damage. Or, when raising the temperature of the leaf surface or the like from 1-X ° C. to 2-X ° C., problems such as requiring energy were found. In the wide and continuous supply of the present invention (continuous ventilation “continuous blowing down” and the like), as shown by the broken line in FIG. 7, the supply of warm air can ensure a substantially constant temperature of the leaf surface. Therefore, there is a feature that energy loss can be avoided, for example, the occurrence of frost and frost damage in crops with low cold resistance can be reduced, or the growth of crops can be promoted.

  The documents (1) and (2) are inventions intended to solve this problem and are effective in solving this problem. However, Document (2) is a configuration that uses both a multi-head frost-proof fan and a low-floor frost-proof fan. Since two types of frost-proof fans are installed, the economy is lowered and the installation is complicated in some cases. There was a possibility of inviting. Reference (1) is a multi-headed low-rise defrost fan device, and when effective use of warm air is taken into consideration, it is considered that there is a problem in the effectiveness of defrost under various conditions.

  The invention of claim 1 is a number of frost-proof fans, which can ensure a substantially scroll-shaped (substantially cylindrical shape) blowing shape (supply form) when viewed from the front, and a number of frost-proof fans. Adopting a configuration that can ensure a substantially beam-like air blowing shape in plan view, supplying a wide range of warm air (in principle, including air), even in situations where the temperature of the leaf surface has fallen below cold resistance, etc. Intended to prevent frost (prevention of frost and frost damage) and ensure conditions suitable for growth. In addition, conditions that are suitable for crop defrosting, growth and fruiting, etc., even when the temperature of the leaf surface, etc. has fallen below the cold-resistant temperature (cold resistance) using the temperature rise and / or stirring of the leaf surface, etc. Is intended to ensure. In addition, wide-area and continuous (continuous) supply of warm air is intended to enhance the defrosting effect and ensure economic efficiency and rationalization of installation.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is a support means configured by a support base and a support mechanism for a defrost fan provided on a pole standing on a farm field, and a horizontal direction (wind direction adjustment) and / or a depression angle adjustable on the support means. A multi-headed high-rise defrost fan composed of several defrost fans,
Each of these several frost-proof fans, a cylindrical tube provided in the support means, a fan (frost-proof fan) and a current plate provided on the cylindrical tube via a support, Consists of this fan drive motor,
With the cylinders of the defrosting fans, the fans, and the current plate, it is possible to ensure a substantially scroll-shaped air blowing shape when viewed from the front.
In addition, the several frost-proof fans are installed on the support means in a predetermined positional relationship, and each of the frost-proof fans can ensure a substantially beam-shaped air blowing shape in plan view.
It is a defrosting device using a multi-head type high altitude defrosting fan characterized in that the substantially scroll-shaped blowing shape and the substantially beam-shaped blowing shape are intended to defrost crops in the field. .

  The invention of claim 2 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1 and to provide a support mechanism for an anti-frost fan that is optimal for achieving this object.

  Claim 2 is a support mechanism for a defrost fan according to claim 1, wherein the arm provided on the support base and a long hole of the arm are passed through and screwed to the cylinder of the defrost fan. A first stopper and a second stopper that penetrates the annular hole of the arm and is screwed to the support base, and the depression angle can be adjusted by operating the first stopper. It is a defrosting device using a multi-head type high-place defrosting fan characterized in that the wind direction can be adjusted by operating a stopper.

  The invention of claim 3 is intended to enhance the defrosting effect and ensure economic efficiency, rationalization of installation, etc., with a wide area and continuous supply of warm air by several defrosting fans. In addition, at least three frost-proof fans can secure a generally scroll-shaped air supply shape (supply form) when viewed from the front, and several frost-proof fans can ensure a substantially beam-shaped air supply shape when viewed from the top. Intended to provide a wide range of warm air and to prevent the crop from defrosting and to ensure conditions suitable for growth even when the temperature of the leaf surface falls below cold resistance. . In addition, use of temperature rise and / or agitation of the leaf surface, etc., to ensure the conditions suitable for crop defrosting, growth and fruiting, etc. even in the situation where the temperature of the leaf surface falls below the cold temperature. Is intended.

The third aspect of the present invention utilizes a multi-head type high-altitude defrost fan of wind direction solid, in which at least three frost-proof fans composed of a cylindrical tube, a fan, and a current plate are provided on a pole provided in a farm field. A defrosting method,
The three defrost fans are continuously rotated, and the warm air of the inversion layer is continuously blown by the continuous rotation. The reach distance to the far field of the field by the three defrost fans and / or Or blow to a wide area up to the square direction of this field,
In this situation where the air blowing and the air blowing form to reach this reachable distance and / or a wide area are secured and the crops cultivated in the field are cold resistant, the efficiency of the air around the crops and the warm air Achieves continuous defrosting effect by mixing
It is a defrosting method using a multi-head type high place defrost fan characterized by enabling defrosting in the cold-resistant situation.

  The invention of claim 4 is intended to achieve the object of claim 3 and to provide a configuration of the positional relationship of at least three frost-proof fans that is optimal for achieving the object.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention provides support means comprising at least three frost-proof fans according to claim 3 comprising a support base and a support mechanism for the frost-proof fan provided on the pole. It is the defrosting method using the multi-head type high place type defrosting fan characterized by providing so that it may become positional relationship of these.

  The invention of claim 5 achieves the object of claim 3 and provides a configuration of a positional relation of a substantially isosceles triangle provided with at least three frost-proof fans that are optimal for achieving the object. Is intended.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the positional relationship of the substantially isosceles triangles of at least the three frost-proof fans according to claim 3, the three anti-proofing devices are secured with the inner angle of the isosceles being approximately 20 ° to 30 °. It is the defrosting method using the multi-head type high place type defrosting fan characterized by having comprised the frost fan.

  The invention of claim 6 is intended to achieve the object of claim 3 and to provide an optimum pole height configuration to achieve this object.

  Claim 6 is configured such that the height of the pole provided in the farm field according to claim 3 is approximately 7 m to 9 m, ensuring warm air of the inversion layer, and blowing this warm air during frosting to the farm field. This is a defrosting method using a multi-head type high altitude type defrosting fan.

  The invention of claim 7 achieves the object of claim 3 and provides a configuration that enables selection of the direction of warm air that can be supplied by at least three frost-proof fans optimal to achieve this object. Intended.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the at least three defrosting fans according to the third aspect, the central first defrosting fan is adjustable in depression angle, and the left and right second and third defrosting fans are horizontal. The direction (wind direction adjustment) and / or the depression angle can be adjusted, and with this first defrost fan, warm air is supplied in the radial direction of the field in plan view, and with the second and third defrost fans, Warm air is supplied to both corners of the square of the field in plan view, and warm air is supplied in a wide area of the field to prevent frost on the crops in the field. This is a defrosting method using a conventional defrosting fan.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there are provided a supporting means composed of a supporting base and a supporting mechanism for a defrosting fan provided on a pole standing on a farm field, and a plurality of adjustable horizontal and / or depression angles provided on the supporting means. A multi-headed high-rise defrost fan configured with a defrost fan,
Each of the several defrost fans is composed of a cylindrical tube provided on the support means, a fan and a current plate provided on the cylindrical tube via the support, and a motor for driving the fan.
With several cylinders of frost-proof fans, fans, and rectifying plates, it is possible to ensure a substantially scroll-shaped air blowing shape when viewed from the front,
Further, several frost-proof fans are installed in the support means in a predetermined positional relationship, and each of the frost-proof fans can ensure a substantially beam-shaped air blowing shape in plan view.
This is a defrosting device that uses a multi-head type high altitude defrosting fan for defrosting crops in a field with a generally scroll-shaped air blowing shape and a substantially beam-like air blowing shape.

  Accordingly, the first aspect of the present invention provides several frost-proof fans that can ensure a substantially scroll-like air blowing shape (supply form) when viewed from the front, and several frost-proof fans that are substantially beam-like in plan view. Adopting a configuration that can ensure the shape of the air flow, supplying a wide range of warm air (in principle, including air), even in the situation where the temperature of the foliage etc. has fallen below the cold resistance (cold resistance), crops defrost There are features such as being able to plan and ensuring conditions suitable for growth. In addition, the use of temperature rise and / or agitation of leaf surfaces, etc. to ensure that crops can be defrosted and conditions suitable for growth and fruiting can be ensured even when the temperature of leaf surfaces falls below the cold-resistant temperature, etc. There are advantages. In addition, wide-area and continuous (continuous) supply of warm air has the benefit of enhancing the defrosting effect and streamlining economic efficiency and installation.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first defrosting fan support mechanism according to the first aspect, wherein the first defrosting fan is screwed into a cylinder of the defrosting fan through an arm provided in the support base and a long hole of the arm. And a second stopper that penetrates the annular hole of the arm and is screwed to the support base. The depression angle can be adjusted by operating the first stopper, and the second stopper is operated. It is a defrosting device using a multi-head type high-rise defrosting fan that can adjust the wind direction.

  Accordingly, the second aspect is characterized in that the object of the first aspect can be achieved, and a support mechanism for the anti-frost fan that is optimal for achieving the object can be provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind-solid-state, multi-headed type high-temperature defrost fan comprising at least three frost-proof fans configured by a cylindrical tube, a fan, and a current plate on a pole provided in a farm field. A defrosting method used,
The three defrost fans are continuously rotated, and the warm air of the inversion layer is continuously blown by the continuous rotation. The reach distance to the far field of the field by the three defrost fans and / or Or blow to a wide area up to the square direction of this field,
In this situation where the air blowing and the air blowing form to reach this reachable distance and / or a wide area are secured and the crops cultivated in the field are cold resistant, the efficiency of the air around the crops and the warm air Achieves continuous defrosting effect by mixing
It is a defrosting method using a multi-head type high place defrost fan characterized by enabling defrosting in the cold-resistant situation.

  Accordingly, the third aspect is characterized in that expansion of the defrosting effect and rationalization of economy and installation can be ensured by a wide and continuous supply of warm air by several defrosting fans. In addition, at least three frost-proof fans can secure a generally scroll-shaped air supply shape (supply form) when viewed from the front, and several frost-proof fans can ensure a substantially beam-shaped air supply shape when viewed from the top. Adopted a possible configuration, supplying a wide range of warm air, ensuring that the crops can be defrosted and conditions suitable for growth (growth promoting effect) even when the leaf surface temperature falls below cold resistance There are advantages such as. In addition, it is possible to prevent crops from defrosting and to ensure conditions suitable for growth, fruiting, etc. even when the temperature of the leaf surface etc. falls below the cold-resistant temperature by using the temperature rise and / or stirring of the leaf surface etc. There are real benefits.

  The invention of claim 4 is a support means comprising at least three frost-proof fans according to claim 3 as a support base and a support mechanism for the frost-proof fan provided on the pole, and is substantially as viewed from the front of the pole. It is a defrosting method using a multi-head type high-place defrosting fan provided so as to have an isosceles triangular positional relationship.

  Therefore, claim 4 is characterized in that the object of claim 3 can be achieved, and that the configuration of the positional relationship of at least three frost-proof fans optimal for achieving this object can be provided.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the positional relationship of the substantially isosceles triangles of at least the three frost-proof fans according to claim 3, the three bases are secured in an inner angle of approximately 20 ° to 30 °. It is the defrosting method using the multi-head type high place type defrosting fan made into the structure which arrange | positions this defrosting fan.

  Accordingly, claim 5 can achieve the object of claim 3, and can provide a configuration of a positional relation of a substantially isosceles triangle in which at least three frost-proof fans optimal to achieve this object are provided. There are features.

  In the invention of claim 6, the height of the pole provided in the field of claim 3 is configured to be approximately 7m to 9m, the warming of the inversion layer is ensured, and the warm air is blown when the field is frosted This is a defrosting method using a high altitude type defrosting fan.

  Accordingly, the sixth aspect is characterized in that the object of the third aspect can be achieved, and that an optimum pole height configuration can be provided to achieve the object.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the at least three frost-proof fans according to the third aspect, the central first frost-proof fan is adjustable in depression angle, and the left and right second and third frost-proof fans are horizontal. Direction and / or depression angle can be adjusted, and the first frost-proof fan supplies warm air in a radial direction in a plan view of the field, and the second and third frost-proof fans in a plan view. This is a defrosting method using a multi-head type high-temperature defrosting fan that supplies warm air to both corners of a square and supplies warm air to a wide area of the field to defrost crops in the field.

  Accordingly, the seventh aspect can provide the structure capable of selecting the direction of warm air that can be supplied by at least three frost-proof fans that are optimal for achieving the purpose of the third aspect. There is.

  Hereinafter, embodiments (forms) of the present invention will be described.

  The drawings will be explained. 1 is an overall front view of a multi-head frost-proof fan of a first example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the frost-proof fan of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the frost-proof fan of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view, FIG. 4 is an overall front view of a multi-head frost-proof fan of a second example of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the frost-proof fan of FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram comparing the state of temperature of a conventional frost-proof fan and the leaf surface of the frost-proof fan of the present invention, and FIG. 8-1 is a multi-head type of the first example shown in FIG. Showed the relationship between the pole and frost-proof fan in the field using the frost-proof fan (in the Sakai complex in Sado, Niigata, which was an experiment in the field of strawberry on April 4, 2004) Schematic diagram, Fig. 8-2 is an overview of the sensor installation location, and Fig. 8-3 is a diagram showing the outside air temperature, wind speed, and sunshine time in this area. FIG. 8-4 shows the warmth of the inversion layer (reversal strength) in the state of FIG. 8-1 of the same area, and the line of 36 target areas (36 target areas) shown in FIG. 8-2. Fig. 8-5 shows the measured values above, and Fig. 8-5 shows the 13 points on the extension line between the B and C fans (hereinafter referred to as the extension line between the B and C fans) on the drawing and the B fan axis (hereinafter, From 19 o'clock to 5 o'clock the next day, comparing 19 points on the B fan axis) with 36 target areas (areas where there is no supply of warm air from frost-proof fans and is approximately equal to the outside air temperature) FIG. 8-6 is a diagram showing the state of the temperature and the outside air temperature at the time of supplying warm air on the leaf surface, etc. FIG. FIG. 8-7 is a diagram showing the state of the temperature and the outside air temperature at the time of supplying warm air on the leaf surface etc. from 19:00 to 5:00 on the next day, Comparing 15 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 21 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, the temperature at the time of supply of warm air on the foliage etc. from 19:00 to 5 o'clock of the next day and outside Figure 8-8 shows the temperature status. Figure 8-8 compares 16 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 22 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, from 19:00 to 5:00 on the following day. FIG. 8-9 is a diagram showing the state of the temperature and the outside air temperature at the time of supplying warm air on the leaf surface, etc. FIG. 8-9 shows 17 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 23 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas FIG. 8-10 is a view showing the state of the temperature and the outside air temperature at the time of supplying warm air on the leaf surface etc. from 19:00 to 5:00 on the next day, FIG. 8-10 is an understanding of FIGS. 8-1 to 8-9 In order to facilitate the above, a comparison table is proposed as a part of the drawing. In this figure, the upper part shows the data of the reverse rotation intensity, and the lower two parts show the temperature changes in FIGS. 8-2 to 8-9 as the data.

  First, each example of the multi-head frost-proof fan of FIGS. 1-5 is demonstrated. Reference numeral 1 denotes a pole erected on the farm field H. The pole 1 is provided with a support base 2 so as to be freely rotatable. The support base 2 is fixed at an appropriate position using a stopper (not shown). The support base 2 is provided with a defrosting fan 4 via one to several support mechanisms 3. The configuration of the anti-frost fan 4 will be described. A cylindrical body 400 that is rotatably fitted to the support mechanism 3 and fixed by a stopper 401 (second stopper), and an upper portion of the cylindrical body 400 (The cylinder 400 and the base 402 may be integrated), a motor base 403 provided with a long hole 403a provided in the base 402, and a motor 404 provided in the motor base 403. A stopper 405 (first stopper) screwed into and removed from the mount 402 inserted into the long hole 403a, a fan 406 secured to the shaft 404a of the motor 404, and the fan 406 In addition, the motor 404 is configured by a cylindrical body 407 having a converged tip provided through an arm 408 and a rectifying plate 409 provided at the distal end of the cylindrical body 407. In around supplies foliar hot air and / or the vicinity thereof.

  By adopting the above configuration, for example, the cylindrical body 400 is rotated by loosening the stopper 401 to a predetermined position, and then the stopper 401 is tightened so that the frost-proof fan 4 is oriented in the horizontal direction. The wind direction can be adjusted as shown in FIG. Accordingly, a horizontal swing position is ensured and warm air can be supplied over a wide area. The operation can be done with one touch (the same is true for other examples). Further, the angle of the anti-frost fan 4 (shown in FIG. 3) can be changed by tightening the stopper 405 after the angle of the loosening motor base 403 is changed and changed to a predetermined position. Accordingly, the depression angle can be adjusted, and the reach of the warm air and / or the supply angle can be adjusted with a single touch. Note that the configuration in which the tip of the cylindrical body 407 is converged and / or the synergistic effect with the rectifying plate 409 is used, and the supply of warm air is substantially scroll-shaped in a cross-sectional view (in the supply direction) to increase the reach of warm air. And an efficient supply.

  In FIGS. 1 to 3, the anti-frost fans 4 are arranged in a horizontal row, but in the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5, the positional relationship is a substantially isosceles triangle. Each of these configurations has characteristics, and an example will be described. First, the configuration arranged in a horizontal row (hereinafter referred to as a horizontal row configuration) is suitable for the farmland H on a flat ground because substantially uniform supply can be achieved as a whole. In addition, in the configuration having a substantially isosceles triangle positional relationship (hereinafter referred to as an isosceles triangle configuration), the supply from the defrosting fan 4 located in the center can be delivered to a distant place and is suitable for a wide field H. In addition, a wide area defrosting effect can be achieved. Moreover, although the structure of the defrost fan 4 is not shown in figure, it may be an inverted isosceles triangle shape from the relationship of the field H, climatic conditions, crops, and the like. And although the substantially scroll-shaped ventilation shape described in the claim was described typically in FIG. 1, this ventilation shape is the ventilation system (by one-way continuous supply) and / or structure of the defrost fan 4 Depends on. And it is the characteristics that this ventilation shape is maintained.

  In principle, as shown in FIG. 6, the defrost fans 4 positioned at the center of the horizontal and isosceles triangles supply (blow) warm air on the diagonal of the field H. And defrosting fans 4 and 4 located in the right and left supply warm air to the corner of field H in the square direction. Moreover, the depression angle adjustment in each frost-proof fan 4 is also free. In this figure, although the substantially beam-shaped ventilation shape described in the claims is schematically described, this ventilation shape is based on the blowing method (by continuous supply in one direction) and / or the structure of the defrosting fan 4. Dependent. And it is the characteristics that this ventilation shape is maintained.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram comparing the temperature of the leaf surface of a conventional frost-proof fan and the temperature of the leaf surface of the frost-proof fan of the present invention. In the present invention, the temperature can be made substantially uniform. It can be understood that the temperature can be increased or that the energy loss is small.

  Next, the contents of the experiment (demonstration test) shown in FIGS. 8-1 to 8-10 will be described. FIG. 8-1 shows the height of the fan (frost prevention fan 4) and the flower bud height. In addition, Figure 8-2 shows the target area and the location of the temperature sensor with point numbers. Points start at 7 and reach point 36 in the 36 target area. FIG. 8-3 is a climatic condition on the date of data collection, showing the outside air temperature, the wind speed, and the sunshine duration. The necessary units are displayed on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, respectively. In addition, ° C. indicates the temperature, m / s indicates the wind speed, time indicates the time, and the arrow indicates the direction of the wind. Moreover, FIG. 8-4 has shown the intensity | strength (inversion intensity | strength) of the inversion layer in the state of FIG. In this example, the reversal strength of the height of the defrosting fan 4 and the reversal strength of the flower bud height are shown in a situation where frost damage is likely to occur from 19:00 to 5:00 on the next day. Figure 8-5 compares 13 points (10m) on the extension line between B and C fans, 19 points (10m) on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, and leaves from 19:00 to 5:00 the next day The temperature at the time of supply of warm air and the state of the outside air temperature on the surface and the like are shown, and the temperature difference from 21:00 to 5:00 on the next day is clear. And at 13 and 19 points, the increase in temperature can be confirmed by supplying warm air, and there is no frost and frost damage (see the cold resistance of firewood in Chart 2). However, there is a possibility that frost and frost damage may occur in these 36 target areas (see the cold resistance of straw in Figure 2). Figure 8-6 compares 14 points (20m) on the extension line between B and C fans, 20 points (20m) on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, from 19:00 to 5:00 the next day. The temperature at the time of supplying warm air and the state of the outside air temperature on the leaf surface and the like are shown, and the temperature difference from 21:00 to 5:00 on the next day is clear. And at 14.20 points, the rise in temperature can be confirmed by supplying warm air, and there is no frost damage. However, frost and frost damage may occur in these 36 target areas. Figure 8-7 compares 15 points (30m) on the extension line between B and C fans, 21 points (30m) on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, and leaves from 19:00 to 5:00 the next day The temperature at the time of supply of warm air and the state of the outside air temperature on the surface and the like are shown, and the temperature difference from 21:00 to 5:00 on the next day is clear. And at 15.21 points, the rise in temperature can be confirmed by the supply of warm air, and there is no frost damage. However, frost and frost damage may occur in these 36 target areas. Next, Figure 8-8 compares 16 points (40m) on the extension line between B and C fans, 22 points (40m) on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, from 19:00 to 5:00 on the next day. The temperature at the time of supply of warm air and the state of the outside air temperature on the leaf surface and the like are shown, and the temperature difference from 21:00 to 5:00 on the next day is clear. And at 16.22 points, the temperature rise can be confirmed by the supply of warm air, and there is no frost damage. However, there is a possibility of frost and frost damage in the 36 target areas. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of frost and frost damage in consideration of the growth of cocoons at these 16.22 points. Figure 8-9 compares 17 points (50m) on the extension line between the B and C fans, 23 points (50m) on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, from 19:00 to 5:00 on the following day. The temperature at the time of supplying warm air and the state of the outside air temperature on the leaf surface and the like are shown, and the temperature difference from 21:00 to 5:00 on the next day is clear. And at 17 and 23 points, the rise in temperature can be confirmed by the supply of warm air. There is also the possibility of frost and frost damage in these 36 target areas. In this example, since there is no distance, the temperature difference between the 17/23 point and the 36 target area is reduced, and it is necessary to pay attention to the occurrence of frost damage at the 17/23 point. 8-10 is a comparison table for easy understanding of FIGS. 8-1 to 8-9, and is presented as a part of the drawing. In this figure, the upper part shows the data of the reversal strength, and the lower two parts show the temperature changes of FIGS. 8-5 to 8-9 as data. As mentioned above, frost and frost damage may occur in the 36 target areas.

The whole front view of the multi-head type frost-proof fan of the 1st example of this invention Enlarged front view of the frost-proof fan of FIG. 1 is an enlarged side view of a part of the anti-frost fan in FIG. Whole front view of the multi-head type defrosting fan of the second example of the present invention FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the frost-proof fan. Overhead view explaining supply of warm air to the farm The figure which contrasted the state of temperature, such as the leaf surface of the conventional defrost fan, and the defrost fan of this invention The schematic diagram which showed the relationship between the pole of a field experiment and the defrost fan which employ | adopted the multi-head type defrost fan of the 1st example shown in FIG. An overview of the sensor location FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the outside air temperature, wind speed, and sunshine duration in FIG. 8-2, and shows the temperature, time, wind speed, etc. The figure which showed the measured value on the line of 36 target areas shown in FIG. 8-2, with the warmth (reverse rotation intensity) of the inversion layer in the state of FIG. Compare the 13 points on the extension line between the B and C fans on the drawing, 19 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, and at the time of supplying warm air on the leaf surface etc. from 19:00 to 5 o'clock the next day The figure which showed the state of temperature and outside temperature 14 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 20 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, the temperature at the time of supply of warm air on the foliage etc. from 19:00 to 5 o'clock the next day and outside Figure showing temperature Comparing 15 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 21 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, the temperature at the time of supply of warm air on the foliage etc. from 19:00 to 5 o'clock of the next day and outside Figure showing temperature Compare the 16 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 22 points on the B fan axis, and the 36 target areas, and the temperature and outside temperature at the time of supply of warm air from 19:00 to 5 o'clock on the next day Figure showing temperature Comparing 17 points on the extension line between B and C fans, 23 points on the B fan axis, and 36 target areas, the temperature at the time of supply of warm air on the foliage etc. from 19:00 to 5 o'clock of the next day and outside Figure showing temperature 8 is a comparison table for easy understanding of FIGS. 8-1 to 8-9, and is proposed as a part of the drawings. In this figure, the upper part shows the data of the reverse rotation intensity, and the lower two parts show the temperature changes in FIGS. 8-5 to 8-9 as the data.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pole 2 Support base 3 Support mechanism 4 Anti-frost fan 400 Cylindrical body 401 Stopper 402 Mounting frame 403 Motor base 403a Long hole 404 Motor 404a Shaft 405 Stopper 406 Fan 407 Cylindrical body 408 Arm 409 Current plate H Field

Claims (7)

Consists of a support means comprising a support base and a support mechanism for a defrost fan provided on a pole standing on a farm, and several anti-frost fans provided on the support means that can be adjusted in the horizontal direction and / or the depression angle. A multi-headed high-rise defrost fan,
Each of these several anti-frost fans includes a cylindrical tube provided on the support means, a fan and a current plate provided on the cylindrical tube via a support, a motor for driving the fan, Consisting of
With the cylinders of the defrosting fans, the fans, and the current plate, it is possible to ensure a substantially scroll-shaped air blowing shape when viewed from the front.
In addition, the several frost-proof fans are installed on the support means in a predetermined positional relationship, and each of the frost-proof fans can ensure a substantially beam-shaped air blowing shape in plan view.
A defrosting apparatus using a multi-head type high-area defrosting fan characterized in that the substantially scroll-shaped blowing shape and the substantially beam-shaped blowing shape are intended to defrost crops in the field. The support mechanism for the frost-proof fan according to claim 1 includes an arm provided on the support base, a first stopper that penetrates a long hole of the arm and is screwed to the cylinder of the frost-proof fan, This arm consists of a second stopper that penetrates the annular hole of the arm and is screwed to the support base. The depression angle can be adjusted by operating the first stopper, and the wind direction can be adjusted by operating the second stopper. A defrosting device using a multi-head type high-rise defrosting fan characterized by being adjustable. This is a defrosting method using a wind head solid multi-head type high position defrosting fan in which at least three frostproof fans composed of a cylindrical tube, a fan and a current plate are provided on a pole provided in a farm field. And
The three defrost fans are continuously rotated, and the warm air of the inversion layer is continuously blown by the continuous rotation. The reach distance to the far field of the field by the three defrost fans and / or Or blow to a wide area up to the square direction of this field,
In this situation where the air blowing and the air blowing form to reach this reachable distance and / or a wide area are secured and the crops cultivated in the field are cold resistant, the efficiency of the air around the crops and the warm air Achieves continuous defrosting effect by mixing
A defrosting method using a multi-head type high-place defrosting fan, characterized in that defrosting is possible in the cold-resistant state. A support means comprising at least three frost-proof fans according to claim 3 comprising a support base and a support mechanism for the frost-proof fan provided on the pole, and a positional relation of a substantially isosceles triangle in front view of the pole. A defrosting method using a multi-head type high altitude defrost fan, characterized in that The positional relationship of at least three frost-proof fans according to claim 3 is a substantially isosceles triangle, and the three frost-proof fans are arranged in a state where the inner angle of the isosceles is approximately 20 ° to 30 °. A defrosting method using a multi-head type high altitude defrost fan characterized by having a configuration. The height of the pole provided in the agricultural field according to claim 3 is configured to be approximately 7 m to 9 m, the warming of the inversion layer is ensured, and this warming is blown when the field is frosted. A defrosting method using a multi-head type high altitude defrost fan. The at least three frost-proof fans according to claim 3 can adjust the depression angle of the first frost-proof fan at the center thereof, and the horizontal and / or depression angles of the left and right second and third frost-proof fans can be adjusted. With this first defrost fan, warm air is supplied in the radial direction of the field in plan view, and with the second and third defrost fans, the square shape of the field in plan view. Defrosting using a multi-headed high-floor type defrosting fan characterized by supplying warm air to both corners, supplying warm air in a wide area of the field, and defrosting the crops in the field Method.

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