JP2006090080A - Revolving type construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake device easy in disassembling and assembling, by generating stable braking force, by using a hand brake device. <P>SOLUTION: An upper revolving body 7 is revolvably mounted on a lower traveling body 2 via a revolving device 15. In this case, an inner ring 16 of the revolving device 15 is fixed to the lower traveling body 2, and an outer ring 17 is fixed to the upper revolving body 7. The hand brake device 21 having left-right brake bands 22 and 23 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 17. In its operation, the braking force is added by fastening the outer ring 17 by pulling the bands 22 and 23 by cylinders 30 and 31. Thus, revolving operation in both directions can be surely regulated by using the brake bands 22 and 23 without requiring high part accuracy. The respective bands 22 and 23 can be easily installed and removed to the outer ring 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a swivel construction machine suitably used as, for example, a hydraulic excavator, a hydraulic crane, an earth drill, a pile driving machine, and the like.

  In general, for example, hydraulic excavators, hydraulic cranes, pothole excavators, pile driving machines, and the like are known as swivel construction machines (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

JP 2002-302971 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-38256 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-56165

  A swivel construction machine according to this type of prior art is provided with a lower traveling body capable of self-running, an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body via a swivel device so as to be capable of swiveling, and the upper revolving body. It is roughly constituted by a working device. Further, the turning device includes, for example, a rolling bearing, and can turn the inner ring fixed to the lower traveling body, the outer ring disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner ring and fixed to the upper turning body, and the inner ring and the outer ring. It is comprised by the rolling element to connect.

  During operation of the construction machine, when a turning motor or the like mounted on the vehicle is operated, the upper turning body turns on the lower traveling body via the turning device. Thereby, the operator of the vehicle can turn the working device together to move to a desired position, and can perform excavation work such as earth and sand, or can perform work such as hanging load, shaft excavation, and pile driving.

  Also, during these operations, a reaction force is often applied from the work device to the upper swing body, and especially in construction machines such as earth drills and pile driving machines, the upper swing body frequently receives a large reaction force or impact. May cause displacement in the turning direction.

  For this reason, the construction machine of the prior art is equipped with a brake device that applies braking to the upper swing body relative to the lower traveling body. In this case, for example, in the brake device of the prior art described in Patent Document 1, an upper metal body is provided with an annular metal plate called a braked plate, and the braked plate is turned upward along with the outer ring of the swinging device. It is fastened together with the body frame. Further, the lower traveling body is provided with a clamping device that clamps the braked plate from both sides at one place in the circumferential direction.

  During operation of the construction machine, if the brake device is operated with the upper swing body turned to a desired position, the holding device is held in a state where the braked plate is strongly held. Accordingly, the brake device is configured to apply a braking force to the brake target plate by substantially the same operation as a so-called disc brake, and to restrict the turning operation of the upper turning body.

  In the prior art described in Patent Document 2, a cylindrical body having the same function as the braked plate is erected on the lower traveling body, and the upper rotating body has this cylindrical body at one location in the circumferential direction. It is set as the structure which provides the clamping device clamped from the peripheral side and the outer peripheral side. Further, in the prior art described in Patent Document 3, contrary to the case of Patent Document 1, a braked plate is provided on the lower traveling body, and a clamping device is provided on the upper swing body.

  By the way, in the prior art of Patent Document 1 described above, for example, even if there is a slight distortion or inclination in the thickness direction in a part of the braked plate, when the brake device is operated at this position, There is a possibility that a part of the plate is lifted from the braked plate (one-effect state), and there is a problem that the braking force is likely to be reduced.

  Further, for example, when the brake operation is frequently performed at a specific position in the turning direction, the surface of the brake plate may be locally roughened or worn, and the braking force may become unstable. Further, the brake plate is fastened together with the outer ring to the frame, and since there are many contact surfaces between these parts, for example, loosening of the bolts easily occurs due to slippage or deformation of the contact surface. Further, for example, when a brake device is mounted after the vehicle is assembled or the braked plate is replaced, it is necessary to perform the work in a state where the upper revolving unit and the lower traveling unit are separated, and the workability is poor. .

  On the other hand, even in the prior art of Patent Document 2, there is a possibility that the brake device may be in a one-effect state due to distortion of the cylindrical body, and when the brake device is frequently used at a specific position, the cylindrical body is locally worn. Since it is easy, there is almost the same problem as in Patent Document 1. Moreover, earth and sand, moisture and the like are easily accumulated inside the cylindrical body, and it takes time and effort to clean it. Further, even in the prior art of Patent Document 3, since an annular brake plate is used, the same problem as in Patent Document 1 occurs.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to always stably regulate the turning operation of the upper turning body during operation of the brake device, and to improve workability and maintainability during assembly. An object of the present invention is to provide a swivel construction machine that can improve the performance.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention includes a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is mounted on the lower traveling body through a revolving device so as to be capable of swiveling, and the lower revolving body. The present invention is applied to a swing construction machine including a brake device that applies braking to the upper swing body with respect to a traveling body.

  A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the brake device includes a brake band provided on an outer peripheral side of the turning device, and the upper turning by tightening the brake band on the outer peripheral side of the turning device. It is configured as a band brake device composed of an actuator that applies braking to the body.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the brake band of the band brake device is constituted by two bands wound around the outer periphery of the turning device, and the lower traveling body includes the two bands. A band attachment portion is provided to attach one end side in the length direction as an attachment end, and the actuator is attached to the action end with the other end side in the length direction of the two bands as the action end.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the actuator is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder that pulls the brake band, and the hydraulic cylinder is orthogonal to a radial straight line that passes through the working end of the brake band and the center of the swivel device. It is set as the structure arrange | positioned with an angle with respect to the line to do.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the attachment end of the brake band is provided with an elongated hole that is displaceable in the radial direction of the swivel device with respect to the band attachment portion and whose displacement is restricted in the circumferential direction. It is set as the structure to provide.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 5, the turning device includes an inner ring fixed to the lower traveling body, an outer ring disposed on an outer peripheral side of the inner ring and fixed to the upper turning body, the inner ring and the outer ring. And the brake band is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring, the mounting end of the brake band is attached to the lower traveling body, and the working end of the brake band is the lower part The actuator is connected to the actuator provided on the traveling body.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, when the band brake device is operated, the turning device can be tightened by pulling the brake band by the actuator. As a result, a braking force can be applied to the upper swing body, and the swing operation can be reliably regulated. In this case, since a brake band having a certain degree of flexibility can be used, high-precision parts such as a conventional braked plate and cylindrical body are not required, and the braking force varies due to an error in the parts accuracy. Can be prevented. In addition, since the braking force can be generated using almost the entire length of the band, for example, even when the brake operation is frequently performed at a specific position in the turning direction, it is possible to prevent a part of the parts from being locally deteriorated, High braking force can be kept at the position.

  Therefore, by using a brake band, a stable braking force can be generated over a long period of time, and durability and reliability can be improved. And since the turning device which is an existing part can be used as a brake drum, the structure of the entire device can be simplified by eliminating the braked plate, the cylindrical body, etc., and the size, weight and cost can be reduced. In addition, since a structure for fastening the braked plate with the swivel device is not required, it is possible to prevent the bolts from loosening, etc., and earth and sand, moisture, etc. do not accumulate like a cylindrical body, so handling is easy. Can be.

  On the other hand, for example, when a band brake device is mounted after the vehicle is assembled, or when an old band is replaced, a band is attached to the outer periphery of the turning device even when the lower traveling body and the upper turning body are connected. It can be wound and attached and removed easily. As a result, the apparatus can be easily disassembled and assembled as compared with the prior art, and workability during assembly and maintainability after manufacturing can be improved. Also, a band brake device can be added to existing construction machines without making a major design change.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 2, the actuator can reliably turn the turning device against the two-way turning motion by, for example, pulling the working ends of the two bands in opposite directions with the band mounting portion as a fulcrum. It can be tightened and a dual-effect band brake device can be constructed. In this case, generally, in the band brake, when the brake drum (that is, the turning device) tries to rotate in the same direction as the tension direction of the band, a high braking effect is obtained.

  Therefore, when the upper swing body turns in one direction or in the opposite direction, a large braking force can be applied to the turning device by any one of the bands corresponding to the turning direction, and braking is performed in any turning direction. It can eliminate the wobble of time.

  On the other hand, since the entire brake band is divided into two parts, for example, when attaching and detaching the band to the swivel device, the attachment ends of the two bands can be connected by the band attachment part, and these are integrated. It can be easily handled as a subassembly part in the state. And, for example, by expanding the bands on both sides around the band mounting portion, these can be inserted from the radially outer side into the outer periphery of the swivel device, or can be pulled out from the outer periphery of the swivel device in the radial direction. Even in a state where the traveling body and the upper swing body are connected, the attaching and detaching work of the brake band can be easily performed.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the line orthogonal to the radial straight line passing through the working end of the brake band and the center of the turning device is a tangent line that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the turning device at the position of the working end. It extends in parallel. For this reason, the hydraulic cylinder can pull the working end of the band obliquely with respect to the tangential direction at the working end, and a tangential component and a radial component that are components of the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder Can be generated in a well-balanced manner.

  In this case, the tangential component of the driving force becomes a component that directly generates the braking force by pulling the brake band, and the radial component of the driving force generates a winding force that winds the band around the swivel device. This is a component that increases the braking force of the band. Therefore, by generating these components in a balanced manner, a sufficiently large braking force can be applied to the swivel device even when a small hydraulic cylinder or the like is used, for example. The actuator can be easily arranged.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the mounting end of the brake band can be displaced in the radial direction of the swivel device (the length direction of the long hole) with respect to the band mounting portion. For this reason, even if there is a deviation in the positional relationship between the band mounting portion and the actuator, for example, when mounting a brake band between them, the positional deviation between the two can be absorbed by the elongated hole of the band. Can be easily performed.

  Therefore, for example, the dimensional accuracy and arrangement of the mounting parts and brackets related to the brake device can be set roughly to some extent, so that it can be applied to existing vehicles by simple work that does not require high accuracy even in places other than regular factories, for example. A band brake device can be installed. In addition, since the elongated hole can restrict the displacement of the brake band in the circumferential direction of the swivel device, it is possible to prevent the band from rattling, loosening, and the like in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing the braking force from being reduced.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 5, the brake band can be wound around the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring fixed to the upper swing body, and this band can be tightened by the actuator while attached to the lower traveling body side. Thereby, a braking force can be generated by the frictional resistance between the band and the outer ring, and the turning operation of the upper turning body can be restricted.

  Hereinafter, a swivel construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Here, FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 11 shows 1st Embodiment, In this Embodiment, an earth drill is mentioned as an example as a turning type construction machine and described.

  In the figure, 1 is an earth drill for performing excavation work such as a shaft, and the earth drill 1 includes a self-propelled lower traveling body 2, an upper turning body 7, a working device 13, a turning device 15, and a band brake described later. The apparatus 21 is roughly configured.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the lower traveling body 2 is provided with a center frame 3 formed in a substantially X shape when viewed from above, and is erected at the center of the upper surface of the center frame 3. A round cylinder 4 formed in a cylindrical shape with a center of rotation O (axis OO) as a center position, and provided on the left and right sides of the center frame 3 so as to extend forward and rearward. The left and right side frames 5 to which 5B is attached and the crawler belts 6 respectively wound around the idler wheels 5A and the drive wheels 5B of the side frames 5 are roughly configured.

  Further, on the upper side of the center frame 3, a rear mounting seat 3A for mounting an anchor bracket 24 of a band brake device 21 to be described later, and a front mounting seat 3B for mounting left and right cylinder brackets 29 and 29, 3B is provided by means such as welding. In this case, the center frame 3 is formed, for example, as a part common to a vehicle of a type that does not include the band brake device 21, and the mounting seat portions 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B are, for example, assembled after the vehicle of the ground drill 1 is assembled. It is formed by welding a steel plate or the like to a predetermined part.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an upper swing body that is mounted on the lower traveling body 2 via a swing device 15 to be described later, and the upper swing body 7 is a support structure located on the lower side as shown in FIG. The formed swivel frame 8, the cab 9 provided on the left side of the front portion of the swivel frame 8, the counterweight 10 attached to the rear end of the swivel frame 8, and provided between the cab 9 and the counterweight 10. The built-in cover 11 and equipment such as an engine 35 and pumps 36 and 40 described later mounted on the revolving frame 8 in the building cover 11 are roughly configured.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the revolving frame 8 has a bottom plate 8A constituting the lower surface side thereof. The bottom plate 8A is provided with a turning motor 12 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) for turning the upper turning body 7 around the axis OO on the lower traveling body 2, and a pinion 12A is provided on the output side thereof. Installed.

  Reference numeral 13 denotes a working device provided on the front side of the upper swing body 7, which performs excavation work such as a shaft and is attached to the swing frame 8 as shown in FIG. The reader 13A extends downward, the kelly bar 13B is supported by the reader 13A so as to be movable upward and downward, and the excavation bucket 13C attached to the lower end side of the kelly bar 13B. Here, the earth drill 1 is provided with outriggers 14 on both the left and right sides of the leader 13A and the counterweight 10, for example, and these outriggers 14 are grounded to stabilize the vehicle when excavating a shaft or the like. It is.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a turning device provided between the lower traveling body 2 and the upper turning body 7, and the turning device 15 is constituted by, for example, a rolling bearing or the like as shown in FIGS. The upper revolving body 7 is connected to be rotatable.

  Here, the turning device 15 includes an inner ring 16 arranged with the turning center O (axis OO) of the upper turning body 7 as a center position, an outer ring 17 arranged coaxially on the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 16, and an inner ring. A plurality of rolling elements 18 (only one is shown) made of a steel ball or the like that rotatably connects 16 and the outer ring 17.

  And the inner ring | wheel 16 is fixed to the upper end surface of the round trunk | drum 4 of the lower traveling body 2 using the several volt | bolt 16B, and the internal tooth which meshes | engages with the pinion 12A attached to the turning motor 12 in the inner peripheral side. A gear 16A is provided. The outer ring 17 is formed as an annular body having a smooth cylindrical outer peripheral surface 17A, and is fixed to the bottom plate 8A of the turning frame 8 of the upper turning body 7 using a plurality of bolts 17B.

  Further, on the outer peripheral surface 17A side of the outer ring 17, as shown in FIG. 8, a greasing nipple 19 for greasing between the inner ring 16 and the outer ring 17 is provided. It arrange | positions between the brake band 22 and the right brake band 23 (position of the clearance gap S).

  When the earth drill 1 is operated, when the turning motor 12 on the upper turning body 7 side is operated in accordance with the operation operation of the operator, the rotation is transmitted from the pinion 12A to the internal gear 16A of the inner ring 16, and the pinion 12A is transferred to the inner ring. 16 along with the upper swing body 7. Thereby, the operator turns the upper turning body 7 in the direction indicated by the arrow A or the arrow B in FIG. 4 to a desired position, and uses the work device 13 at this position to perform work such as shaft digging. It can be performed.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a band brake device provided between the lower traveling body 2 and the upper swing body 7, and the band brake device 21 is a lock described later in a state where the operator swivels the upper swing body 7 to an arbitrary position. By operating the pedal 43, the turning motion of the upper swing body 7 is restricted.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 11, the band brake device 21 includes brake bands 22 and 23, anchor pins 25, cylinders 30 and 31, a switching valve 42, a lock pedal 43, and the like which will be described later. The band brake device 21 uses the outer ring 17 of the turning device 15 as a brake drum, thereby pulling the left and right bands 22 and 23 and tightening the outer ring 17, thereby applying a braking force to the upper turning body 7. .

  22 shows a left brake band wound, for example, along substantially the left half of the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17. The left brake band 22 is shown in FIG. 4 by the left cylinder 30 when the band brake device 21 is operated. The outer ring 17 is strongly tightened from the outside in the radial direction and the outer ring 17 is restricted from turning in the arrow A direction by the frictional resistance at this time.

  Here, in general, in the band brake, when the brake drum tries to rotate in the same direction as the tension direction of the band, a high braking effect is obtained. For this reason, the left brake band 22 can apply a large braking force to the outer ring 17 that attempts to rotate in the direction of arrow A.

  Further, the left brake band 22 is integrally formed as a band-like body extending in a substantially semicircular arc shape with a certain degree of flexibility by joining two layers of band-like materials, for example, and the width dimension thereof is substantially the same as that of the outer ring 17. Or slightly smaller than this.

  Further, the left brake band 22 includes a semicircular lining portion 22A that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17, a back metal portion 22B joined along the back side of the lining portion 22A, and the length of the back metal portion 22B. A flat anchor mounting portion 22C as a mounting end provided projecting radially outward on one end side in the vertical direction, and projecting radially outward on the other end side in the length direction of the back metal portion 22B. For example, the cylinder mounting portion 22D (see FIG. 9) as two working ends on which the driving force of the left cylinder 30 acts is configured.

  In this case, the lining portion 22A is formed using, for example, a material having a large friction coefficient with the outer ring 17 and having excellent wear resistance. Further, the back metal part 22B is formed of, for example, a metal material having a high tensile strength and reinforces the lining part 22A.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the anchor mounting portion 22 </ b> C is provided with a long hole 22 </ b> E extending in the radial direction of the outer ring 17. An anchor pin 25 is inserted into the elongated hole 22E via a rectangular tube body 26 described later. The anchor attaching portion 22C is attached to the anchor pin 25 in a state where positional deviation in the circumferential direction of the outer ring 17 and rattling are restricted by the elongated hole 22E and the rectangular tube body 26.

  Thereby, the long hole 22E and the rectangular tube body 26 can reliably position the anchor mounting portion 22C and the anchor pin 25 with respect to the circumferential direction of the outer ring 17, and the left brake band 22 is rattled, loosened, etc. This can prevent the braking force from being reduced.

  On the other hand, the cylinder mounting portions 22D are formed in a flat plate shape and face each other, and a rod 30B of the left cylinder 30 is rotatably mounted between them as shown in FIG. Here, when the left brake band 22 is mounted between the anchor pin 25 and the left cylinder 30, components (for example, mounting seat portions 3A and 3B of the center frame 3 and brackets 24 and 29 described later) interposed therebetween are disposed. There may be a deviation in the positional relationship between the anchor pin 25 and the left cylinder 30 due to dimensional errors, mounting errors, and the like.

  However, the elongated hole 22E of the left brake band 22 can be displaced in the radial direction of the outer ring 17 with respect to the anchor pin 25 (square tube body 26), for example, within the range of the dimension L shown in FIG. For this reason, at the time of attaching the band, it is possible to easily perform the attaching operation while absorbing the dimensional error, the attaching error and the like of each component by the long hole 22E.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes, for example, a right brake band wound substantially along the right half of the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17. The right brake band 23 has substantially the same structure as the left brake band 22, as shown in FIG. It is formed as a substantially semicircular arc part, and these bands 22 and 23 are arranged on both sides in the diameter direction with the outer ring 17 interposed therebetween.

  The right brake band 23 is pulled in the arrow B direction by the right cylinder 31 when the band brake device 21 is operated, and the outer ring 17 turns in the arrow B direction by strongly tightening the outer ring 17 from the radially outer side. Is to regulate.

  The right brake band 23 includes a lining portion 23A, a back metal portion 23B, an anchor mounting portion 23C, a cylinder mounting portion 23D, a long hole 23E, and the like, almost the same as the left brake band 22. However, as shown in FIG. 7, two anchor mounting portions 23C are provided opposite to each other, and the anchor mounting portion 22C of the left brake band 22 is disposed between the anchor mounting portions 23C.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the left and right brake bands 22, 23 are formed to be slightly shorter than, for example, a complete semicircular arc, and between these cylinder mounting portions 22D, 23D, the supply of the turning device 15 is performed. A gap S for exposing the fat nipple 19 is provided. For this reason, when greasing the swivel device 15, the bands 22, 23 do not get in the way, so that the greasing operation can be performed efficiently.

  An anchor bracket 24 is erected on the mounting seat 3A of the center frame 3 of the lower traveling body 2, and the anchor bracket 24 is fixed to the anchor mounting portions 22C of the brake bands 22 and 23 as shown in FIGS. , 23C, and detachably attached to the mounting seat 3A using a plurality of bolts 24A and the like.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes an anchor pin as a band attaching portion fixed to the upper side of the anchor bracket 24. The anchor pin 25 positions the anchor attaching portions 22C and 23C of the brake bands 22 and 23 with respect to the circumferential direction of the outer ring 17, When the cylinder mounting portions 22D and 23D of the band are pulled, they serve as fulcrums and generate a braking force. Further, as shown in FIG. 10 described later, the anchor pin 25 connects the brake bands 22 and 23 to constitute a subassembly part 45 when the band brake device 21 is disassembled and assembled.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the anchor pin 25 is made of, for example, a cylindrical metal pin or the like, and protrudes upward from the anchor bracket 24 on the outer side in the radial direction of the outer ring 17. Further, on the outer peripheral side of the anchor pin 25, for example, three rectangular cylinders 26, 27, 27 (see FIG. 9) having a rectangular outer shape and a circular hole formed on the inner peripheral side are rotatably fitted. Are combined.

  In this case, the rectangular cylinder 26 has a width dimension substantially equal to the elongated hole 22E of the left brake band 22, and is inserted into the elongated hole 22E so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. The other two rectangular cylinders 27 have a width dimension substantially equal to each elongated hole 23E of the right brake band 23, and are inserted into these elongated holes 23E so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. Yes.

  The anchor pin 25 is inserted into the elongated hole 22E of the left brake band 22 through the rectangular tube body 26 at an intermediate portion in the length direction, and both sides in the length direction are inserted through the other rectangular tube body 27 to the right. The brake band 23 is inserted into each elongated hole 23E. Further, on the upper side of the anchor pin 25, a retaining pin 28 that holds the anchor mounting portions 22 </ b> C and 23 </ b> C and the rectangular tubular bodies 26 and 27 in a retaining state is provided.

  As described above, the anchor attachment portions 22C and 23C of the bands 22 and 23 are rotatably attached to the outer peripheral side of the anchor pin 25 via the rectangular tubular bodies 26 and 27. Therefore, when the rod mounting pins 30D and 31D of the cylinders 30 and 31 are removed, the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 together with the rectangular cylinders 26 and 27 are centered on the anchor pins 25 as shown in FIG. By rotating, these bands can be expanded from the outer ring 17 to the left and right sides. Therefore, in this state, the bands 22 and 23 can be inserted through the outer circumference of the outer ring 17 from the outside in the radial direction, or they can be pulled out from the outer circumference of the outer ring 17 in the radial direction.

  Reference numeral 29 denotes left and right cylinder brackets erected on the respective mounting seat portions 3B of the center frame 3 of the lower traveling body 2. The cylinder brackets 29 are respectively connected to the bands 22, 23 as shown in FIGS. Are disposed in the vicinity of the cylinder mounting portions 22D and 23D.

  Reference numeral 30 denotes a left cylinder as a first actuator for pulling the left brake band 22, and the left cylinder 30 is composed of, for example, a general-purpose hydraulic cylinder as shown in FIG. 8, and is composed of a tube 30A and a rod 30B. Yes. Further, the proximal end side of the tube 30A is rotatably attached to the left cylinder bracket 29 using a tube attachment pin 30C, and the distal end side of the rod 30B is a cylinder of the left brake band 22 using a rod attachment pin 30D. It is rotatably attached to the attachment portion 22D.

  When the band brake device 21 is in an inoperative state, the rod 30B is contracted into the tube 30A, and the left brake band 22 is in light contact with the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17. For this reason, the upper swing body 7 can swing with the outer ring 17.

  On the other hand, when the operator depresses a lock pedal 43 described later, the rod 30B extends from the tube 30A. As a result, the left cylinder 30 pulls the cylinder mounting portion 22D of the left brake band 22 in one of the turning directions (the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 8), and tightens the outer ring 17 to apply a braking force.

  For example, when a radial straight line passing through the cylinder mounting portion 22D (more precisely, the center position of the rod mounting pin 30D) and the center O of the turning device 15 is R, the axis M of the left cylinder 30 is With respect to the straight line T orthogonal to the straight line R, for example, it is inclined by an angle θ of about 5 to 40 °, preferably about 15 to 30 °. In this case, the straight line T extends in parallel with a tangent line in contact with the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17 at a position corresponding to the rod mounting pin 30D.

Here, the relationship between the angle θ of the left cylinder 30 and the braking force will be described. First, the driving force F when the rod 30B extends is a component that pulls the cylinder mounting portion 22D of the left brake band 22 in the tangential direction of the outer ring 17. F _T (hereinafter referred to as tensile force F _T ) and a component F _R (hereinafter referred to as pressing force F) that acts in a direction perpendicular to the tensile force F _T and presses the cylinder mounting portion 22D against the outer ring 17 in the radial direction. _R )).

Then, when braking, the braking force corresponding to the magnitude of the first tensile force F _T is added from the left brake band 22 to the outer ring 17, whereby the rotation of the outer ring 17 is restricted. In this state, when the outer ring 17 attempts to rotate in the direction of arrow A, the left brake band 22, giving the band the outer ring 17 wound in accordance with the pressing force F _R of the rotational force and the left cylinder 30 of the outer ring 17 A winding force acting as described above is generated, and the braking force is increased by this winding force.

In this case, in this embodiment, by inclining angle θ min as described above the left cylinder 30, and a tensile force F _T and the pressing force F _R can be balanced to a good generated. That is, sufficiently while generating a braking force by the tension force F _T of appropriate size, the pressing force F _R is also the braking force can be increased efficiently increased, for example, a small hydraulic cylinder or the like as the left cylinder 30 Even when is used, the braking operation can be performed reliably.

  31 is a right cylinder as a second actuator for pulling the right brake band 23. The right cylinder 31 is composed of a tube 31A and a rod 31B in substantially the same manner as the left cylinder 30, and the left cylinder 30 with the outer ring 17 as a center. Are arranged at symmetrical positions at left and right symmetrical positions.

  The proximal end side of the tube 31A is pivotally attached to the right cylinder bracket 29 using a tube attachment pin 31C, and the distal end side of the rod 31B is a cylinder of the right brake band 23 using a rod attachment pin 31D. It is rotatably attached to the attachment portion 23D.

  The right cylinder 31 extends the cylinder mounting portion 23D of the right brake band 23 in the direction opposite to the left cylinder 30 (the direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 8) by the rod 31B extending from the tube 31A when the band brake device 21 is operated. ) And tightening the outer ring 17 to apply a braking force.

  On the other hand, reference numeral 32 denotes a plurality of upper retainers provided on the outer peripheral sides of the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The upper retainers 32 are, for example, L as shown in FIGS. It is formed using a letter-shaped metal plate or the like, and protrudes radially outward from the bands 22 and 23. Reference numeral 33 denotes, for example, a plurality of lower retainers provided on the outer peripheral surface of the circular cylinder 4 so as to protrude radially outward. Each of the lower retainers 33 is formed using, for example, an L-shaped metal piece or the like. The upper retainer 32 is slidably contacted from below and supports the upper retainer 32.

  And the retainers 32 and 33 hold | maintain the intermediate part of each band 22 and 23 in the position along the outer ring | wheel 17, and prevent that a band shifts | deviates to a downward side by dead weight. For example, when the band brake device 21 is operated or when each band 22 or 23 is attached or detached, the upper retainer 32 can freely slide on the lower retainer 33 or can be separated from the lower retainer 33. Therefore, the configuration is such that the movements of the bands 22 and 23 are not disturbed.

  Reference numeral 34 denotes a band protection cylinder provided on the lower surface side of the upper swing body 7, and the band protection cylinder 34 is, for example, a cylindrical shape centered on the swing center O of the upper swing body 7 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The swivel device 15, the left and right brake bands 22, 23 and the like are surrounded over the entire circumference from the outside in the radial direction and project downward from the upper swing body 7.

  Thereby, for example, when water such as rain water adhering to the upper turning body 7 or oil spilled during maintenance of the vehicle flows along the outer surface side of the upper turning body 7, as shown in FIG. Moisture and oil can be dripped at positions away from the bands 22 and 23 along the outer peripheral surface of the band protection cylinder 34 as shown by arrow a. As described above, the band protection cylinder 34 can prevent external moisture, oil, and the like from entering the sliding contact portions between the outer ring 17 and the bands 22 and 23, and protect these sliding contact portions from the entry of foreign matter. be able to.

  Next, the drive system of the band brake device 21 will be described with an example with reference to FIG. First, reference numeral 35 denotes an engine serving as a power source for the vehicle, and 36 denotes a main pump driven by the engine 35. The main pump 36 sucks hydraulic oil in a tank 37 and pressurizes the hydraulic oil toward a control valve 38 described later. Is discharged.

  Reference numeral 38 denotes a control valve composed of, for example, a plurality of directional control valves (not shown). The directional control valves of the control valve 38 are, for example, a vehicle travel motor, a cylinder of the work device 13, and a motor (all of which are (Not shown) and various on-vehicle actuators 39 including a turning motor 12 and the like.

  Each directional control valve is connected to a hydraulic pilot valve 38A (only one is shown) that pilot-controls these directional control valves, and each hydraulic pilot valve 38A is connected to an operation lever, a pedal, and the like in the cab 9. . The control valve 38 individually supplies and discharges the pressure oil to each on-vehicle actuator 39 in accordance with the operator's operation.

  Reference numeral 40 denotes a pilot pump that is driven by the engine 35 together with the main pump 36. The pilot pump 40 supplies pilot pressure to the hydraulic pilot valve 38A of the control valve 38, and the pilot pressure is constant on the discharge side. A regulator valve 41 is provided.

  The pilot pump 40 is also used as a hydraulic pressure source for the band brake device 21 and supplies and discharges pressure oil to and from the cylinders 30 and 31 via a switching valve 42 which will be described later. It is extended or reduced according to the direction of pressure oil.

  Reference numeral 42 denotes a switching valve constituting the band brake device 21. The switching valve 42 is composed of, for example, a 4-port 2-position switching valve or the like, and is connected between the pilot pump 40 and the cylinders 30 and 31, and in the cab 9. It is connected to a lock pedal 43 arranged at the position.

  When the operator does not operate the lock pedal 43, the switching valve 42 is in the inoperative position (a), and the cylinders 30 and 31 are held in a contracted state. Further, when the lock pedal 43 is depressed, the switching valve 42 is switched to the operating position (b), and the cylinders 30 and 31 are extended, whereby the band brake device 21 is operated and the upper swing body 7 is turned. Be regulated. Reference numeral 44 denotes a center joint provided between the lower traveling body 2 and the upper swing body 7.

  The earth drill 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, for example, an operation of installing the band brake device 21 after assembling the vehicle on the existing earth drill 1 not equipped with a brake device. Is described.

  In this mounting operation, first, steel plate or the like is welded to three locations of the center frame 3 to form the mounting seat portions 3A and 3B. Each front mounting seat 3B is provided with a cylinder bracket 29, and the cylinder brackets 29 are fitted with the tubes 30A and 31A of the cylinders 30 and 31, respectively.

  Further, by attaching the anchor mounting portions 22C and 23C of the bands 22 and 23 to the anchor pin 25, as shown in FIG. 10, the brake bands 22 and 23, the anchor bracket 24, the anchor pin 25, the rectangular cylinders 26 and 27, etc. are integrated. Thus, the subassembly component 45 is configured. The subassembly component 45 is inserted from the radially outer side into the outer periphery of the outer ring 17 with the bands 22 and 23 being expanded, and the anchor bracket 24 is fastened to the rear mounting seat portion 3A with bolts 24A. .

  Next, by rotating the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 in the direction of closing each other around the anchor pin 25, these bands are moved to a position where they are in sliding contact with the outer ring 17, and the cylinder mounting portions 22D and 23D are moved. The cylinders 30 and 31 are attached to the rods 30B and 31B. Thereby, even if the lower traveling body 2 and the upper swing body 7 are connected, the band brake device 21 can be easily mounted on the earth drill 1.

  Here, for example, when the dimensional accuracy of the mounting seats 3A and 3B and the brackets 24 and 29 is not so high, each of the anchor brackets 24 on the sub-assembly part 45 side is mounted on the mounting seat 3A of the center frame 3, Misalignment is likely to occur between the cylinder mounting portions 22D and 23D of the bands 22 and 23 and the rods 30B and 31B of the cylinders 30 and 31.

  However, in this case, the anchor mounting portions 22C and 23C of the bands 22 and 23 can be displaced with respect to the anchor pin 25 within the range of the dimension L (see FIG. 6) of the long holes 22E and 23E. Work can be performed efficiently.

  Next, the excavation work of the shaft using the earth drill 1 will be described. First, when the band brake device 21 is not operating, the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 are in slidable contact with the outer peripheral surface 17A of the outer ring 17 loosely. For this reason, the operator can turn the upper turning body 7 together with the work device 13 by operating the turning motor 12. Then, after turning the upper turning body 7 to a desired position, when the band brake device 21 is operated and the outriggers 14 are grounded, the vehicle is in a stable state. Etc. can be excavated.

  In this state, for example, even if an external force in the turning direction is applied to the upper swing body 7 due to a reaction force, an impact, or the like from the work device 13, a left brake band that generates a braking force in the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 22 and the right brake band 23 that generates a braking force in the direction indicated by the arrow B can reliably regulate the turning motion of the upper swing body 7, and the position of the upper swing body 7 with respect to an external force applied in any direction Can be held stably.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, since the band brake device 21 is provided between the lower traveling body 2 and the upper swing body 7, the anchor pins are operated by the left and right cylinders 30 and 31 during the operation. The brake bands 22 and 23 can be pulled in opposite directions with 25 as a fulcrum. Thereby, the band brake device 21 can be configured as a dual-effect type band brake, the turning operation of the upper turning body 7 can be reliably regulated in both directions, and rattling or the like during the braking operation can be eliminated. .

  In this case, since the bands 22 and 23 having a certain degree of flexibility can be used, high-precision parts such as a conventional braked plate and cylindrical body are not necessary, and braking force is caused by an error in the parts accuracy. Can be prevented from fluctuating. In addition, since the braking force can be generated using almost the entire length of the bands 22 and 23, for example, even when the brake operation is frequently performed at a specific position in the turning direction, it is possible to prevent a part of the parts from being locally deteriorated, A high braking force can be kept at an arbitrary position.

  Therefore, a stable braking force can be generated over a long period of time, and durability and reliability can be improved. Since the outer ring 17 of the turning device 15 which is an existing part can be used as a brake drum, the structure of the entire device can be simplified by eliminating the braked plate, the cylindrical body, etc., and the size, weight and cost can be reduced. be able to. In addition, since a structure that tightens the braked plate is not required, loosening of bolts can be prevented, and earth and sand, moisture, etc. do not accumulate like a cylindrical body, facilitating handling. Can do.

  On the other hand, for example, when the band brake device 21 is mounted after the vehicle of the earth drill 1 is assembled, or when the old bands 22 and 23 are replaced, the lower traveling body 2 and the upper swing body 7 are connected. Even in the state, the bands 22 and 23 can be easily attached to and detached from the outer peripheral side of the outer ring 17.

  In this case, the entire brake band is divided into two bands 22 and 23 and these bands 22 and 23 are connected by the anchor pin 25, so that the assembly work of the band brake device 21 and attachment to the vehicle, Removal work can be performed easily. That is, in these operations, the sub-assembly component 45 can be configured by connecting the two bands 22 and 23 with the anchor pin 25, so that a plurality of components can be integrated and handled easily.

  Since the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 can be rotated around the anchor pin 25, they are placed on the outer periphery of the outer ring 17 in a state in which the bands 22 and 23 on both sides are rotated in the expanding direction. The bands 22 and 23 can be pulled out from the outer periphery of the outer ring 17 in the radial direction. Therefore, even when the lower traveling body 2 and the upper turning body 7 are connected, the attaching and detaching work of the bands 22 and 23 can be easily performed.

  Thereby, compared with a prior art, the decomposition | disassembly and assembly operation of the band brake apparatus 21 can be performed easily, and the workability | operativity at the time of an assembly and the maintainability after manufacture can be improved. Further, for example, even when the band brake device 21 is added to the existing earth drill 1, the cylinders 30, 31, the sub-assembly parts 45, etc. are simply attached after welding the steel plates to be the mounting seats 3 A, 3 B to the center frame 3. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform the retrofitting operation without making a major design change.

  Further, since the brake bands 22 and 23 are provided with the long holes 22E and 23E, for example, the displacement of the anchor pins 25 and the cylinders 30 and 31 can be absorbed by the long holes 22E and 23E. The dimensional accuracy and arrangement of 3A, 3B, brackets 24, 29, etc. can be set somewhat rough. For this reason, the band brake device 21 can be mounted on an existing vehicle by a simple operation that does not require high accuracy, for example, at a place other than a regular factory.

Further, the left and right cylinders 30 and 31 have an angle θ of, for example, about 5 to 40 °, preferably about 15 to 30 ° with respect to the straight line T in the tangential direction of the outer ring 17 at the position of the rod connecting pins 30D and 31D. It is arranged with. Thus, the cylinder 30 and 31, the tensile force F _T and the pressing force F _R can be generated at a moderate balance, it is possible to sufficiently increase the braking force in accordance with these balance.

  In this case, in order to stably apply the driving force of the cylinders 30 and 31 to the brake bands 22 and 23, the intermediate positions in the width direction of each band (that is, the intermediate positions in the width direction of the outer ring 17 having a width dimension substantially equal to the bands). The cylinders 30 and 31 are preferably arranged in Therefore, as the cylinders 30 and 31, it is necessary to use cylinders having an outer diameter smaller than the width of the outer ring 17 so as not to protrude upward and downward from the outer ring 17 and interfere with the bottom plate 8A of the turning frame 8. is there.

  However, in this embodiment, even if small cylinders 30 and 31 are used, a sufficient braking force can be generated by inclining them by an angle θ, so that the locking operation can be performed reliably and even in a narrow space. The cylinders 30 and 31 can be easily arranged.

  Next, FIG. 12 shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that the left and right actuators are integrated. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  Reference numeral 51 denotes a hydraulic cylinder as an actuator constituting the band brake device 21 '. The hydraulic cylinder 51 is composed of, for example, a dual piston type cylinder or the like, and is attached to the center frame 3 of the lower traveling body 2 using a bracket or the like. Tube 51A and two rods 51B and 51C provided on both ends of the tube 51A and extending or contracting with respect to the tube 51A.

  Of the rods 51B and 51C, the left rod 51B is rotatably attached to the cylinder attachment portion 22D of the left brake band 22, and the right rod 51C is rotated to the cylinder attachment portion 23D of the right brake band 23. Installed as possible.

  Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the dual piston type hydraulic cylinder 51 is used, the left and right actuators can be integrated as the hydraulic cylinder 51. As a result, the band brake device 21 'can be reduced in size, and the number of parts can be reduced so that the assembling work can be performed efficiently.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the left brake band 22 has a two-layer structure including a lining portion 22A and a back metal portion 22B, and the right brake band 23 has a similar two-layer structure. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a structure using a single-layer brake band made of a single metal plate or the like, or a structure using a multi-layer brake band made of three or more layers of materials may be used. Good.

  In the embodiment, the anchor attachment portions 22C and 23C of the left and right brake bands 22 and 23 are attached to the same anchor pin 25. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, two anchor pins may be erected on the center frame 3 and the left and right brake bands may be attached to different anchor pins.

  Furthermore, the anchor mounting portion of the present invention is not limited to the anchor pin 25 described in the embodiment, and any positioning structure that positions the brake band with respect to the circumferential direction of the turning device can be used.

  On the other hand, in the embodiment, the brake bands 22 and 23 provided on the lower traveling body 2 side are slidably brought into contact with the outer ring 17 fixed on the upper swing body 7 side. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a brake band, an actuator, a band attaching portion, and the like are provided on the upper swing body 7 side, and in this state, the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 16 fixed to the lower traveling body 2 side. It is good also as a structure made to slidably contact.

  Further, in the embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the earth drill 1 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other swivel constructions including a hydraulic excavator, a hydraulic crane, a pile driving machine, etc. It can be widely applied to machines.

It is a front view which shows the earth drill by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which expands and shows the vicinity of a turning apparatus. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a turning device, a lower traveling body, and the like when viewed from the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 2. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the turning apparatus, the band brake apparatus, etc. in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which looked at a turning apparatus, a band brake apparatus, etc. from the arrow VV direction in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in FIG. 4 showing an enlarged vicinity of an anchor pin and the like. It is a principal part expanded sectional view seen from the arrow VII-VII direction in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in FIG. 4 illustrating an enlarged vicinity of a cylinder and the like. It is a disassembled perspective view shown in the state which decomposed | disassembled the left and right brake bands, anchor pins, etc. It is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which sub-assembly parts including left and right brake bands, anchor pins and the like are detached from the vehicle body side and removed. It is a circuit diagram which shows the hydraulic circuit of a band brake device. It is the expanded sectional view which looked at the earth drill by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention from the same position as FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Earth drill (swivel construction machine)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Lower traveling body 3 Center frame 3A, 3B Mounting seat part 4 Round body 7 Upper turning body 8 Turning frame 8A Bottom plate 12 Turning motor 15 Turning apparatus 16 Inner ring 16A Internal gear 17 Outer ring 17A Outer surface 18 Rolling body 19 Grease nipple 21 , 21 'Band brake device 22, 23 Brake band 22A, 23A Lining part 22B, 23B Back metal part 22C, 23C Anchor mounting part (mounting end)
22D, 23D Cylinder mounting part (working end)
22E, 23E Long hole 24, 29 Bracket 25 Anchor pin (band mounting part)
26, 27 Square cylinder 30, 31, 51 Cylinder (actuator)
32, 33 Retainer 34 Band protection cylinder 45 Sub-assembly parts

Claims (5)

A self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is mounted on the lower traveling body via a revolving device so as to be capable of swiveling, and the upper revolving body is braked against the lower traveling body. A turning construction machine comprising a brake device for feeding,
The brake device is configured as a band brake device including a brake band provided on the outer peripheral side of the turning device and an actuator that tightens the brake band on the outer peripheral side of the turning device and applies braking to the upper turning body. A swivel construction machine characterized by that.   The brake band of the band brake device includes two bands wound around the outer periphery of the turning device, and one end side in the length direction of the two bands is attached to the lower traveling body. The swivel construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a band attaching portion to be attached is provided, and the actuator is attached to the working end with the other end in the length direction of the two bands as the working end.   The actuator is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder that pulls the brake band, and the hydraulic cylinder is disposed at an angle with respect to a line perpendicular to a radial straight line passing through the working end of the brake band and the center of the turning device. The turning construction machine according to claim 2.   The turning according to claim 2, wherein an attachment end of the brake band is provided with an elongated hole that is displaceable in the radial direction of the turning device with respect to the band attaching portion and whose displacement is restricted in the circumferential direction. Construction machine.   The turning device includes an inner ring fixed to the lower traveling body, an outer ring disposed on an outer peripheral side of the inner ring and fixed to the upper turning body, and a rolling element that connects the inner ring and the outer ring so as to be turnable. The brake band is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, the mounting end of the brake band is mounted on the lower traveling body, and the working end of the brake band is connected to the actuator provided on the lower traveling body. The swivel type construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 configured.

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