JP2006079858A - Secondary battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a secondary battery capable of restraining rise of inner pressure and speedily specifying gas leakage spots. <P>SOLUTION: The secondary battery 10 is provided with a power generating element 108 having electrode plates laminated through separators, outer package members 106, 107 housing and sealing the power generating elements 108 inside by being thermally bonded with a thermal bonding part 109 along the outer periphery edge, electrode terminals 104, 105 connected to the electrode plates 101, 103 and led out from the outer periphery edge of the outer package members 106, 107, and frames 110, 111 pressurizing the thermal bonding part 109 in contact with the outer package members 106, 107 so as to pinch it. Thin parts 106a, 107a partially putting the thermal bonding part 109 of the outer package members 106, 107 out of contact with the frames 110, 111 are provided at a part of the thermal bonding part 109 of the outer package members 106, 107. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a secondary battery in which a power generation element having an electrode plate is accommodated in an exterior member and sealed, and electrode terminals connected to the electrode plate are led out from the outer peripheral edge of the exterior member. The present invention relates to a secondary battery including a pressure member that pressurizes the portion.

  For example, a power generation element having an electrode plate is accommodated in an exterior member made of a resin-metal thin film laminate film, the outer peripheral edge of the exterior member is sealed by heat sealing, and the electrode terminal connected to the electrode plate is sealed to the exterior member. In the secondary battery derived from the outer peripheral edge of the secondary battery, there is known a secondary battery that secures the hermeticity of the secondary battery by providing a pressurizing member that pressurizes the heat fusion part of the exterior member (for example, (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  When the secondary battery falls into an overcharged state or an overheated state, the electrolytic solution may be decomposed or vaporized to generate gas inside the battery. Even in such a state, if the heat fusion part of the exterior member is pressurized by the pressure member as described above, the gas generated inside the battery cannot be discharged outside the battery, and the internal pressure of the battery rises. Problem arises.

In addition, even if the gas is discharged to the outside, it is difficult to specify the location where the gas is discharged at the heat-sealed portion. For example, when the discharged gas is discharged to the outside through the duct, the mounting position of the duct can be specified. There is also a problem of not.
JP 2004-55169 A JP 2000-77047 A

An object of this invention is to provide the secondary battery which can identify the gas generation | occurrence | production location rapidly while suppressing the raise of battery internal pressure.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a power generation element having an electrode plate laminated via a separator, and the power generation element are internally fused by heat fusion at a heat fusion portion along an outer peripheral edge. An exterior member that encloses and seals, an electrode terminal that is connected to the electrode plate and is led out from an outer peripheral edge of the exterior member, and is in contact with the heat-sealed portion of the exterior member A non-contact portion that is a secondary battery including a pressurizing member that pressurizes the heat-sealing portion, and that does not partially abut the heat-sealing portion of the exterior member and the pressure member. There is provided a secondary battery provided at a part of at least one of the heat fusion part of the exterior member or the pressure member.

  In the present invention, in the secondary battery including a pressure member that pressurizes the heat fusion part of the exterior member, a non-contact part is provided on at least one part of the heat fusion part or the pressure member of the exterior member, By not pressurizing a part of the heat fusion part intentionally with the pressure member, the seal strength is weakened only at the non-contact part in the heat fusion part of the exterior member. Thereby, when gas is generated inside the battery, the gas is discharged from the non-contact portion to the outside of the battery, so that an increase in battery internal pressure is suppressed. Moreover, since this non-contact part can be easily specified as the location where the gas is discharged, the discharged gas can be processed quickly.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
1 is a plan view showing the entire secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the secondary battery, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in another example of the first embodiment of the present invention.

  1 and 2 show one secondary battery 10 (unit battery), and a plurality of the secondary batteries 10 are stacked to form an assembled battery having a desired voltage and capacity.

  A secondary battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a lithium-based flat plate-stackable thin secondary battery. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, three positive plates 101 and five sheets are stacked. The separator 102, three negative plates 103, a positive electrode terminal 104, a negative electrode terminal 105, an upper exterior member 106, a lower exterior member 107, and an electrolyte (not shown) are included. Among these, the positive electrode plate 101, the separator 102, the negative electrode plate 103, and the electrolyte are particularly referred to as a power generation element 108.

  The positive electrode plate 101 constituting the power generation element 108 includes a positive electrode side current collector 101a extending to the positive electrode terminal 104, and positive electrode layers 101b and 101c formed on both main surfaces of a part of the positive electrode side current collector 101a, respectively. ,have.

  The positive electrode side current collector 101a of the positive electrode plate 101 is an electrochemically stable metal foil such as an aluminum foil, an aluminum alloy foil, a copper foil, or a nickel foil.

The positive electrode layers 101b and 101c of the positive electrode plate 101 are made of, for example, lithium composite oxide such as lithium nickelate (LiNiO ₂ ), lithium manganate (LiMnO ₂ ), or lithium cobaltate (LiCoO ₂ ), or chalcogen. A mixture of a positive electrode active material such as (S, Se, Te) compound, a conductive agent such as carbon black, and a binder such as an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene is used. It is formed by applying to both main surfaces of a part of the body 101a, drying and compressing.

  The negative electrode plate 103 constituting the power generation element 108 includes a negative electrode side current collector 103a extending to the negative electrode terminal 105, and negative electrode layers 103b and 103c formed on both main surfaces of a part of the negative electrode side current collector 103a, respectively. And have.

  The negative electrode side current collector 103a of the negative electrode plate 103 is an electrochemically stable metal foil such as nickel foil, copper foil, stainless steel foil, or iron foil.

  Further, the negative electrode layers 103b and 103c of the negative electrode plate 103 occlude and release lithium ions of the positive electrode active material such as amorphous carbon, non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, or graphite. An aqueous dispersion of a styrene butadiene rubber resin powder as a precursor material of an organic fired body is mixed with the negative electrode active material, and dried and pulverized to support carbonized styrene butadiene rubber on the carbon particle surfaces. It is formed by mixing a binder, such as an acrylic resin emulsion, and applying this mixture to both main surfaces of part of the negative electrode current collector 103a, followed by drying and compression. Yes.

  The separator 102 of the power generation element 108 prevents a short circuit between the positive electrode plate 101 and the negative electrode plate 103 described above, and may have a function of holding an electrolyte. This separator 102 is a microporous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), for example. When an overcurrent flows, the pores of the layer are blocked by the heat generation and the current is cut off. It also has a function to

  The separator 102 of the present invention is not limited to a single-layer film such as polyolefin, but may be a three-layer structure in which a polypropylene film is sandwiched with a polyethylene film, or a laminate of a polyolefin microporous film and an organic nonwoven fabric or the like. I can do it. Thus, by making the separator 102 into multiple layers, various functions such as an overcurrent prevention function, an electrolyte holding function, and a separator shape maintenance (stiffness improvement) function can be provided.

  In the power generation element 108 described above, the positive electrode plates 101 and the negative electrode plates 103 are alternately stacked via the separators 102. The three positive plates 101 are respectively connected to the positive terminal 104 made of metal foil via the positive current collector 101a, while the three negative plates 103 are connected to the negative current collector 103a. In the same manner, each of them is connected to a metal thin negative electrode terminal 105.

  In addition, the positive electrode plate 101, the separator 102, and the negative electrode plate 103 of the power generation element 108 are not limited to the above number in the present invention. For example, one positive electrode plate 101, three separators 102, and 1 The power generation element 108 can also be configured with a single negative plate 103, and can be configured by selecting the number of positive plates, separators, and negative plates as required.

  The positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105 are not particularly limited as long as they are electrochemically stable metal materials, but as the positive electrode terminal 104, for example, a nickel foil, a copper foil, A stainless steel foil, an iron foil, etc. can be mentioned. In the present embodiment, the metal foils constituting the current collectors 101 a and 103 a of the electrode plates 101 and 103 are extended to the electrode terminals 104 and 105, so that the electrode plates 101 and 103 are directly connected to the electrode terminals 104 and 105. Although connected, the current collectors 101a and 103a of the electrode plates 101 and 103 and the electrode terminals 104 and 105 are connected by a material or component different from the metal foil constituting the current collectors 101a and 103a. Also good.

  The power generation element 108 is accommodated and sealed in the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107. Although neither the upper exterior member 106 nor the lower exterior member 107 in the present embodiment is particularly illustrated, for example, polyethylene, modified polyethylene, polypropylene, modified polypropylene, or ionomer, from the inside to the outside of the secondary battery 10. An inner layer composed of a resin film excellent in electrolytic resistance and heat-fusibility, an intermediate layer composed of a metal foil such as aluminum, and a polyamide resin or a polyester resin. It has a three-layer structure including an outer layer made of a resin film having excellent electrical insulation. Therefore, both the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107 are, for example, a resin film excellent in electrolytic solution and heat-sealability on one surface (inner surface of the secondary battery 10) of a metal foil such as an aluminum foil. And the other surface (the outer surface of the secondary battery 10) is laminated with a resin film excellent in electrical insulation, and is made of a flexible resin-metal thin film laminate material (laminate film). .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the positive terminal 104 is led out from one end of the sealed exterior members 106 and 107 and the negative terminal 105 is led out from the other end. , 105, the gap between the upper exterior member 106 and the lower exterior member 107 is formed at the fusion site, so that the electrode terminals 104, 105 and the exterior member can be maintained in order to maintain the sealing performance inside the secondary battery 10. For example, a seal film made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like may be interposed between the portions 106 and 107 in contact with each other. It is preferable from the viewpoint of heat-fusibility that the seal film is made of a resin of the same system as the resin constituting the exterior members 106 and 107 in both the positive electrode terminal 104 and the negative electrode terminal 105.

These exterior members 106 and 107 enclose the aforementioned power generation element 108, part of the positive electrode terminal 104 and part of the negative electrode terminal 105, and in the space formed by the exterior members 106 and 107, perchloric acid is added to the organic liquid solvent. A space formed by the exterior members 106 and 107 while injecting a liquid electrolyte in which a lithium salt such as lithium oxide (LiClO ₄ ), lithium borofluoride (LiBF ₄ ), or lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) is used as a solute Is vacuumed to seal the exterior members 106 and 107 by heat fusion at a heat fusion portion 109 along the outer peripheral edge thereof by hot pressing.

  Examples of the organic liquid solvent include ester solvents such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC). Without limitation, an ether solvent such as γ-butylactone (γ-BL), and dietoshikiethane (DEE), or a mixed organic liquid solvent may be used as the ester solvent.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a part of the heat fusion part 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 is subjected to heat fusion of the exterior members 106 and 107, for example, by hot pressing again. Thin portions 106a and 107a (see FIG. 4) having a thickness thinner than other portions are formed in the wearing portion 109.

The thin portion 106a, the width _{w 1} of 107a is preferably 5mm or less, when the width is larger than 5mm, only a frame 110 and 111 to be described later thermally fused portion 109 becomes large portion abutting, the thin portion 106a , 107a, the sealing strength is weakened.

  In addition, when a part of the heat fusion part 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 is pressed again, as shown in FIG. 5, it may be pressed so that both sides of the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat fusion part 109 are depressed. .

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment includes a frame-like upper frame 110 (upper pressure unit) that pressurizes the heat fusion part 109 of the upper exterior member 106 from above. And a frame-like lower frame 111 (lower pressing means) that pressurizes the heat fusion part 109 of the lower exterior member 107 from below.

  The frames 110 and 111 are in contact with the heat-sealing portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 so as to be sandwiched, and the frames 110 and 111 are joined together by bolt fastening, adhesion, or the like. By pressurizing the heat-sealing portion 109, the sealing property of the secondary battery 10 can be ensured.

  As described above, since the thickness of the thin portions 106a and 107a is thinner than the thickness of the other portions in the heat fusion portion 109, as shown in FIG. 4, the thin portions 106a and 107a The member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other.

  Further, in the case shown in FIG. 5, the upper exterior member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other at the thin portion 106 a formed in the upper exterior member 106, and the lower exterior member 107 is formed. The lower exterior member 107 and the lower frame 111 are not in contact with each other at the thin portion 107a.

  Therefore, the heat-sealed portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 is not pressurized to the frames 110 and 111 by these thin portions 106a and 107a, and the sealing strength is weak.

  Thus, in the secondary battery 10 that pressurizes the heat-sealing portion 109 with the frames 110 and 111 to ensure hermeticity, the thin-wall portion 106a that does not cause the heat-sealing portion 109 and the frames 110 and 111 to partially contact each other. , 107a on the exterior members 106, 107, when gas is generated inside the battery, the gas can be discharged from the thin-walled portions 106a, 107a whose sealing strength is weak. Can be suppressed.

  Further, since the thin portions 106a and 107a can be easily specified as the locations where the gas is discharged, the design of the gas discharge path and the like is facilitated, and the exhaust gas can be processed quickly.

[Second Embodiment]
6 is an exploded perspective view of a secondary battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a second embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing corresponding to the said FIG. 4 in the other example.

  The secondary battery 10 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in the form of the non-contact portion, but the other configurations are related to the first embodiment. It is the same as that of the secondary battery 10. Hereinafter, only the difference between the secondary battery 10 ′ according to the second embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the thin portion is not formed in the heat fusion portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107, and instead, a recess 110 a is formed in a part of the upper frame 110. Is formed.

Width _{w 2} is preferably 10mm or less of the recess 110a, this width is greater than 10mm, and the heat-sealed portion 109 and the frame 110 is too much contact with the portion opposed to the recess 110a in the heat-sealed portion 109 The seal strength of the part is weakened.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, you may form the recessed part 110a, 111a in both the upper frame 110 and the lower frame 111. As shown in FIG.

  Since the recess 110a is formed thinner than other portions of the upper frame 110, the upper exterior member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other in the recess 110a.

  In the case shown in FIG. 8, the upper exterior member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other by the concave portion 110 a formed in the upper frame 110, and the lower portion is formed by the concave portion 111 a formed in the lower frame 111. The exterior member 107 and the lower frame 111 are not in contact with each other.

  Therefore, the heat-sealed portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 is not partially pressed against the frames 110 and 111 by the concave portions 110a and 111a, and the sealing strength is weak.

  As described above, in the secondary battery 10 ′ that pressurizes the heat-sealing portion 109 with the frames 110 and 111 to ensure hermeticity, the concave portion 110 a that does not allow the heat-sealing portion 109 and the frames 110 and 111 to partially contact each other. , 111a are provided on the frames 110, 111, so that when gas is generated inside the battery, the gas is discharged from the portion of the heat-sealing portion 109 facing the recesses 110a, 111a where the sealing strength is weak. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in battery internal pressure.

  Further, since the recesses 110a and 111a can be easily specified as the locations where the gas is discharged, the design of the gas discharge path is facilitated, and the exhaust gas can be processed quickly.

[Third Embodiment]
9 is an exploded perspective view of a secondary battery according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a third embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing corresponding to the said FIG. 4 in the other example.

  The secondary battery 10 ″ according to the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment described above in the form of the non-contact portion, but other configurations are related to the first embodiment. It is the same as that of the secondary battery 10. Hereinafter, only the difference between the secondary battery 10 "according to the third embodiment and the secondary battery 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in addition to the fact that the thin-walled portions 106a and 107a are formed in the heat fusion portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107, as in the first embodiment, In the upper frame 110, a recess 110a is formed at a position facing the thin portions 106a and 107a.

The thin portion 106a, the width _{w 1} of 107a is preferably 5mm or less, the width _{w 2} of the concave portion 110a is preferably 10mm or less. When the width of the thin portions 106a and 107a is made larger than 5 mm or the width of the concave portion 110a is made larger than 10 mm, there are too many portions where the heat fusion portion 109 and the frame 110 abut, and the seals in the thin portions 106a and 107a are increased. The strength is weakened.

  As shown in FIG. 11, thin wall portions 106a and 107a are formed so as to be depressed on both sides of the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat fusion portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107, or both the upper frame 110 and the lower frame 111 are formed. The recesses 110a and 111a may be formed in the substrate.

  The thin portions 106 a and 107 a of the exterior members 106 and 107 are formed thinner than the other portions of the heat fusion portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107. Further, the concave portion 110 of the upper frame 110 is also formed thinner than other portions of the upper frame 110. Therefore, the upper exterior member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other at the thin wall portions 106a and 107a and the recess portion 110a.

  In the case shown in FIG. 11, the upper exterior member 106 and the upper frame 110 are not in contact with each other at the thin portion 106a formed in the upper exterior member 106 and the recess 110a formed in the upper frame 110. The lower exterior member 107 and the lower frame 111 are not in contact with each other at the thin portion 107 a formed on the lower exterior member 107 and the recess 111 a formed on the lower frame 111.

  Therefore, the heat-sealed portion 109 of the exterior members 106 and 107 is not pressed against the frames 110 and 11 by these thin-walled portions 106a and 107a and the concave portions 110a and 111a, and the sealing strength is weak.

  In this way, in the secondary battery 10 ″ that pressurizes the heat fusion part 109 with the frames 110 and 111 to ensure hermeticity, the thin part where the heat fusion part 109 and the frames 110 and 111 do not partially contact each other. By providing 106a, 107a and recesses 110a, 111a in the exterior members 106, 107 and the frames 110, 111, gas is generated from the thin-walled portions 106a, 107a where the sealing strength is weak when gas is generated inside the battery. Can be discharged, and an increase in the battery internal pressure can be suppressed.

  Further, since the thin portions 106a and 107a can be easily specified as the locations where the gas is discharged, the design of the gas discharge path is facilitated, and the exhaust gas can be easily processed.

  The embodiment described above is described for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, a thin portion or a recess is provided on the side on which the electrode terminal is not led out. However, in the present invention, the side on which the electrode terminal is led out is not particularly limited in this direction. You may provide a thin part and a recessed part.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which one frame is applied to one secondary battery has been described. However, in the present invention, a plurality of secondary batteries are arranged and one common frame is provided. It can also be set as the structure which applies.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an entire secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the secondary battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in another example of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a secondary battery according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in another example of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a secondary battery according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 in another example of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

10, 10 ', 10 "... secondary battery 101 ... positive electrode plate 101a ... positive electrode side current collector 101b, 101c ... positive electrode layer 102 ... separator 103 ... negative electrode plate 103a ... negative electrode side current collector 103b, 103c ... negative electrode layer 104 ... Positive terminal 105 ... Negative electrode 106 ... Upper exterior member 106a ... Thin wall part 107 ... Lower exterior member 107a ... Thin wall part 108 ... Power generation element 109 ... Thermal fusion part 110 ... Upper frame 110a ... Recessed part 111 ... Lower frame 111a ... Recessed part

Claims (5)

A power generation element having an electrode plate laminated via a separator;
An exterior member that houses and seals the power generation element inside by being heat-sealed at a heat-sealed portion along the outer peripheral edge;
An electrode terminal connected to the electrode plate and led out from an outer peripheral edge of the exterior member;
A pressurizing member that abuts against the heat fusion part of the exterior member to press the heat fusion part, and a secondary battery comprising:
A non-contact portion that does not allow the heat fusion portion of the exterior member and the pressure member to partially contact each other is provided in at least one of the heat fusion portion of the exterior member or the pressure member. Secondary battery. The non-contact portion includes a thin portion formed in a part of the heat fusion portion of the exterior member,
The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the thin portion formed in a part of the heat-sealed portion of the exterior member is thinner than a thickness of other portions of the heat-sealed portion of the exterior member. . The exterior member is
An upper exterior member that covers the power generation element from above;
A lower exterior member that covers the power generation element from below,
The secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein the thin portion is formed in a part of at least one heat-sealed portion of the upper exterior member or the lower exterior member. The non-contact portion includes a recess formed in a part of the pressure member,
The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thickness of a recess formed in a part of the pressure member is thinner than a thickness of another part of the pressure member. The pressure member is
An upper pressurizing member that pressurizes the heat fusion part of the exterior member from above;
A lower pressurizing member that pressurizes the heat fusion part of the exterior member from below,
The secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the recess is formed in a part of at least one of the upper pressure member or the lower pressure member.

Images