JP2006065663A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working machine capable of setting an objective work rate by counting an operation time. <P>SOLUTION: When a working clutch is turned on (S11: YES), the counting of an operation time is started (S12), and the operation time is displayed and recorded at proper time intervals (S13 and S14). Whether the working clutch is turned off or not is determined (S15), and when the turn-off of the working clutch is determined (S15: YES), the counting of the operation time is stopped (S16). An input of a work area is accepted (S18), and the operation time per unit work area is calculated (S19). A work rate is read from a work rate setting table (S20), and the operation time and the work rate are outputted (S21). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a work machine capable of setting an objective work fee by measuring work time.

  Concerning farm work such as grain harvesting and threshing work and seedling planting work, the contractor farmer and the consignor make a consignment contract. There is a work form in which a commission fee is paid (for example, see Patent Document 1).

In this case, a work fee per work area is generally set as a commission fee. In addition, when the work difficulty is high and the work efficiency is reduced due to the dry / wet state of the field to be worked, the state of the fall of the grain straw, the small area section or the deformed section, etc. In addition to the work fee per work area, an extra charge is often set.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-243738

  However, since there are no objective indicators that indicate the level of lodging, deformed sections, etc., the commission fee is often adjusted depending on the individual case, which may cause trouble between the trustee and the trustee. There were many problems.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of measuring a substantial working time as an index that increases or decreases depending on the difficulty of work.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a work machine capable of calculating a work fee based on a work time measured as an index that increases or decreases according to the degree of difficulty of work.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of calculating a work fee based on an objective index for a grain cutting operation, a threshing operation, or a seedling planting operation.

  A working machine according to a first aspect of the present invention is a working machine that transmits power from a power source to a working unit via a clutch, and in the working machine that performs a predetermined work in the working unit, detecting means for detecting the discontinuity of the clutch; Measuring means for measuring the working time of the working unit based on the detection result of the detecting means.

  In the first invention, since the disengagement of the clutch for controlling the power transmission to the working part is detected and the working time is measured based on the detection result, the substantial work in the working part is performed. Time will be measured.

  A work machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the work machine according to the first aspect, wherein the work charge is calculated based on a table that defines a correspondence relationship between the work time and the work charge and the work time measured by the measuring means. And means for performing.

  In the second invention, a table that defines the correspondence between the work time and the work fee is provided, and the work fee corresponding to the work time is calculated using the table. The work fee is set according to the working time.

  A working machine according to a third invention is the working machine according to the first invention or the second invention, wherein the working unit is configured to perform a crop cutting operation, a threshing operation, or a seedling planting operation. And

  In the third aspect of the invention, the working unit is configured to perform grain cutting work or threshing work, or seedling planting work, so that the working time for the cutting work or the working time for the threshing work, or The working time for planting seedlings will be measured.

  In the case of the first invention, the disengagement of the clutch that controls the transmission of power to the working unit is detected, and the working time is measured based on the detection result. Therefore, it is possible to measure the substantial work time in the working unit, and it is possible to set a work fee using the measured work time as an index.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, a table that defines the correspondence between the work time and the work fee is provided, and the work fee corresponding to the work time is calculated using the table. Therefore, the work fee can be set according to the substantial work time.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the working unit performs grain cutting or threshing work or seedling planting work. Therefore, it is possible to measure the working time for the mowing work, the working time for the threshing work, or the working time for the seedling planting work, and set the work fee using those working times as an index. Is possible.

Hereinafter, the form which applied the working machine concerning the present invention to a combine is explained concretely using a drawing.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a plan view showing an example of the overall configuration of a combine according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same. The combine includes a traveling machine body 1 supported by a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 2 and 2. On the right side of the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1 is a control seat 31, a steering handle 32 for steering the traveling machine body 1, a lever for changing the traveling speed, a cutting operation, a threshing operation, and a discharging operation. A cockpit 3 having a lever and a controller is provided. Further, an engine 6 is provided in the lower part of the cockpit 3, and the power of the engine 6 is transmitted to the traveling crawlers 2 and 2 so that the traveling machine body 1 travels.

  At the front part of the traveling machine body 1, a pre-cutting processing device 4 having a weeding body 41, a culm pulling device 42, a cutting blade 43, and a culm transporting device 44 is mounted so as to be movable up and down via a hydraulic cylinder not shown. ing. Further, a threshing device 5 equipped with a feed chain 51 is arranged on the left side of the traveling machine body 1, and the root portion of the cereals conveyed from the pre-cutting processing device 4 is inherited by the feed chain 51 and is nipped and conveyed. At the same time, the head portion of the cereal husk is threshed by the handling cylinder 52 and the processing cylinder 53 in the threshing device 5. Note that the waste is inherited by the waste chain 55 at the rear end of the feed chain 51 and discharged from the rear end of the traveling machine 1 to the field.

  Below the handling cylinder 52, a sorting device is provided for performing peristaltic sorting by chaff sheave or the like and wind sorting by the wind of the Kara fan. The grains sorted and collected by the sorting device are collected in the grain tank 7 by a cereal conveyor (not shown). A weight sensor 73 is installed below the grain tank 7 and measures the weight of the grain tank 7 at appropriate time intervals. As the weight sensor 73, a load cell type sensor can be used. The measurement value measured by the weight sensor 73 is output to the control device 100 (see FIG. 5) described later.

  Grains in the grain tank 7 are discharged to the outside through a discharge auger 8 from a bottom conveyor 71 equipped with a screw conveyor that is rotated by the power of the engine 6. The discharge auger 8 has a built-in vertical screw conveyor 81a, and is vertically connected to the vertical auger cylinder 81 which is vertically slidable around the vertical axis, and has a built-in horizontal screw conveyor 82a. It consists of a horizontal auger tube 82. The grain that has been conveyed by the bottom conveyor 71 is conveyed from the lower side to the upper side by the vertical screw conveyor 81a, and is then conveyed toward the tip of the horizontal auger cylinder 82 by the horizontal screw conveyor 82a. The grain conveyed to the front end portion of the horizontal screw conveyor 82a is discharged through a discharge port 83 provided at the front end portion of the horizontal screw conveyor 82a.

  When the grain discharging operation is not performed, that is, when the discharging auger 8 is not used, the horizontal auger cylinder 82 of the discharging auger 8 is attached to the upward open auger rest 85 provided on the upper surface of the traveling machine body 1. Placed. Further, when the grain discharging operation is performed, the horizontal auger tube 82 is moved up to a predetermined position, and then the position approximately 90 degrees on the right side, the position approximately right behind, or approximately 90 on the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1. Swivel to the desired position and perform the discharge operation at that position.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of the cockpit 3. A cockpit 31 is provided in the cockpit 3. A steering handle 32 for steering the traveling machine body 1 is attached to a handle shaft (not shown) protruding upward from a front column 30a located in front of the control seat 31. Further, on the side column 30b on the left side when viewed from the control seat 31, there are shift levers 33 and 34 for changing the speed of the traveling machine body 1, a work clutch lever 35 for instructing start of mowing work and threshing work, and an operator. Are provided with an operation panel 37 and the like for displaying various kinds of information and receiving operation instructions from the operator.

  In addition, an auger controller 36 for instructing a turning movement of the discharge auger 8 and a grain discharging operation is detachably mounted on the frame 30c on the right front side of the control seat 31. The auger controller 36 includes an automatic turning switch 361 for setting the discharge auger 8 stopped at the storage position to any of the aforementioned work positions, and for returning the discharge auger 8 stopped at the work position to the storage position. Return switch 362, manual turning control switch 363 for manually controlling the turning movement of the discharge auger 8, and an auger clutch switch for connecting or disconnecting an auger clutch (not shown) for controlling power transmission to the discharge auger 8. 364 is arranged. An operation signal output when each switch 361 to 364 is pressed is input to the control device 100 (see FIG. 5).

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining the operating state of the work clutch lever 35. The work clutch lever 35 is provided to be slidable in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction along a guide groove 350 formed in the side column 30b in a substantially L shape in plan view. A threshing clutch switch 351 for operating the threshing clutch 62 (see FIG. 5) according to the operation position of the work clutch lever 35 in the front-rear direction is disposed in the longitudinal longitudinal portion 350a of the guide groove 350. Further, a cutting clutch switch 352 for operating the cutting clutch 64 (see FIG. 5) in accordance with the operation position of the working clutch lever 35 in the horizontal direction is disposed in the left and right longitudinal portion 350b of the guide groove 350.

  When the working clutch lever 35 is at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line, that is, at the rear end position in the longitudinal longitudinal portion 350a, both clutch switches 351 and 352 send an OFF signal to the control device 100 (see FIG. 5). Output. At this time, the control device 100 is configured so that the operating states of the threshing clutch 62 and the reaping clutch 64 are switched based on the off signals input from both clutch switches 351 and 352, that is, the threshing device 5 and the pre-cutting processing device 4. The threshing clutch actuator 61 and the reaping clutch actuator 63 (see FIG. 5) are controlled so that the power transmission to is cut off.

  Further, when the work clutch lever 35 is at the position indicated by the broken line, that is, at the position where the longitudinal longitudinal portion 350a and the lateral longitudinal portion 350b intersect, the threshing clutch switch 351 outputs an ON signal to the control device 100. The cutting clutch switch 352 outputs an off signal to the control device 100. At this time, the control device 100 is configured so that the operating state of the threshing clutch 62 is turned on based on the ON signal input from the threshing clutch switch 351, that is, the state in which the power from the engine 6 is transmitted to the threshing device 5. Thus, the threshing clutch actuator 61 is controlled. Further, the control device 100 is configured so that the operating state of the cutting clutch 64 is switched off based on the OFF signal input from the cutting clutch switch 352, that is, the state where the power transmission to the pre-cutting processing device 4 is interrupted. Thus, the reaping clutch actuator 63 is controlled.

  Further, when the work clutch lever 35 is at the position indicated by the solid line, that is, at the left end position in the left and right longitudinal portion 350 b, both clutch switches 351 and 352 output an ON signal to the control device 100. At this time, the control device 100 causes the threshing clutch 62 and the reaping clutch 64 to be activated based on the ON signals input from both clutch switches 351 and 352, that is, the power from the engine 6 is activated. The threshing clutch actuator 61 and the reaping clutch actuator 63 are controlled so as to be transmitted to the reaping pretreatment device 4.

  In the present embodiment, the two clutch switches 351 and 352 are turned on or off by operating one work clutch lever 35. However, the threshing clutch lever that turns on or off the threshing clutch switch 351, and the reaping The cutting clutch lever that turns on or off the clutch switch 352 may be individually installed, and the threshing clutch switch 351 and the cutting clutch switch 352 may be turned on or off by operating each lever.

  Below, the structure of the control system of the combine which is a working machine which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the combine control system. The combine is provided with the control apparatus 100 which controls operation | movement of hardware, such as the threshing clutch actuator 61 mentioned above, and the mowing clutch actuator 63 mentioned above. The control device 100 stores a central processing unit 101 (hereinafter referred to as a CPU) that executes arithmetic processing based on signals input from various switches, sensors, and the like, and various control programs for controlling the hardware and the like described above. ROM 102, and RAM 103 that temporarily holds data generated during the calculation of CPU 101. The CPU 101 loads various control programs stored in the ROM 102 to the RAM 103 as necessary, executes them, and controls the operation of various hardware connected to the control device 100, so that the work machine according to the present invention as a whole. It is configured to operate as a combine.

  As switches, sensors, and the like connected to the control device 100, various types of threshing clutch switch 351 for switching the operating state of the threshing clutch 62, a cutting clutch switch 352 for switching the operating state of the cutting clutch 64, and the auger controller 36 are provided. The switches 361 to 364, the weight sensor 73 installed in the lower part of the grain tank 7 to measure the weight of the grain tank 7, and the presence or absence of the harvested culms when the cereals are conveyed by the cereal conveying device 44 Scratch sensor 74 or the like. Signals output from these sensors, switches, and the like are input to the CPU 101 of the control device 100.

  In addition, a clock 75 is connected to the control device 100. In the present embodiment, when an ON signal from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the reaping clutch switch 352 is input to the CPU 101, the clock 75 starts measuring time according to an instruction from the CPU 101. Further, when an off signal from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the reaping clutch switch 352 is input to the CPU 101, the clock 75 stops timing in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 101. That is, the clock 75 is configured to measure the working time during which the grain harvesting operation and the threshing operation are performed.

  The operation panel 37 includes a liquid crystal panel and a touch panel provided on the liquid crystal panel. The operation panel 37 displays information to be notified to the worker and can receive instructions from the worker through the touch panel. I am doing so.

  The printing apparatus 110 includes, for example, a thermal printing unit that prints by contacting a thermal head with thermal paper. Information input through the operation panel 37, information generated by the control apparatus 100, and the like are placed on the thermal paper. You can print. Note that the printing method is not limited to the thermal method, and may be a configuration using an ink jet method, a thermal transfer method, a sublimation method, or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the CPU 101 calculates a work fee based on the work time counted by the clock 75. Therefore, a memory 104 is provided that stores a work charge setting table 104a that defines the relationship between work time and work charge. The memory 104 is, for example, a non-volatile semiconductor memory, and outputs work fee information corresponding to the work time to the CPU 101 in response to a request from the CPU 101.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the work fee setting table 104a. The work charge setting table 104a defines the correspondence between work time and work charge. For example, in the example of FIG. 6, when the work time when the harvesting work is performed is 0 to 10 minutes, 10 minutes to 20 minutes, 20 minutes to 30 minutes, 30 minutes or more, the work per work area of 1000 m ² It is determined that the charges are 10,000 yen, 15000 yen, 20000 yen, and 25000 yen, respectively. These fee settings are made by a work consignor at a certain point before the harvesting operation is performed, and the operation panel 37 can accept the fee setting.

  Hereinafter, a procedure of processing executed by the combine will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure of processing executed by the combine. The following processing is executed by the CPU 101 of the control device 100 according to a control program stored in the ROM 102.

  First, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the work clutch is turned on (step S11). Whether or not the work clutch has been turned on is determined by whether or not the ON signal output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the mowing clutch switch 352 is input when the work clutch lever 35 is at the left end position of the left and right longitudinal portion 350b. It is done by judging. That is, the ON signal output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the mowing clutch switch 352 is input to the CPU 101 as an operation signal instructing the start of the harvesting operation. When it is determined that the work clutch is not turned on (S11: NO), the CPU 101 waits until an operation signal instructing the start of the harvesting work is input.

  When it is determined that the work clutch is turned on (S11: YES), the CPU 101 starts measuring the work time by giving an instruction to the clock 75 (step S12). After starting the timing, the CPU 101 displays the work time on the operation panel 37 at appropriate time intervals (step S13) and records the work time in the RAM 103 (step S14).

  Next, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the work clutch has been turned off (step S15). Whether or not the work clutch has been turned off is determined by whether or not an off signal output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the mowing clutch switch 352 is input when the work clutch lever 35 is at the rear end position of the longitudinal longitudinal portion 350a. It is done by judging. That is, the off signal output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the reaping clutch switch 352 is input to the CPU 101 as an operation signal instructing the end of the harvesting operation. When determining that the work clutch is not turned off (S15: NO), the CPU 101 returns the process to step S13.

  If it is determined that the work clutch has been turned off (S15: YES), the CPU 101 stops the work time by giving an instruction to the clock 75 (step S16). Then, the CPU 101 records the measured work time in the RAM 103.

  Next, the CPU 101 confirms with the worker whether or not to continue the harvesting operation. At this time, the CPU 101 displays an operation screen on the operation panel 37 and confirms the operator's will by accepting an operation from the operator. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an operation screen displayed on the operation panel 37. FIG. 8A shows an example of a screen for confirming whether or not to continue the harvesting operation. A selection button 371 for specifying that the harvesting operation is continued and a selection button for specifying that the harvesting operation is not continued. 372 are arranged. The CPU 101 determines whether or not to continue the operation based on information input through the selection buttons 371 and 372 arranged on this screen (step S17).

  If it is determined that the work is to be continued (S17: YES), the CPU 101 returns the process to step S11. In this case, the CPU 101 measures the accumulated time obtained by adding up the respective work times, and stores the accumulated time in the RAM 103.

  If it is determined that the work is not continued (S17: NO), the CPU 101 accepts an input of the work area (step S18). Specifically, the CPU 101 displays a work area input screen as shown in FIG. 8B and accepts an input of the work area by accepting an input operation by the worker. On this input screen, a numeric key 373 for inputting a work area and a work area display unit 374 for displaying the work area input by the number key 373 are arranged. When the execution button 376 arranged in the lower area of the screen is pressed after the work area is inputted, the inputted number key 373 is output to the CPU 101, and the cancel is similarly arranged in the lower area of the screen. When the button 375 is pressed, the input value is cleared, and the input of the work area is accepted again.

After receiving the input of the work area, the CPU 101 calculates a work time per work area (step S19). That is, the CPU 101 calculates the work time per work area by dividing the work time (or accumulated time) held in the RAM 103 by the input work area. In the present embodiment, the work time per 1000 m ² is calculated.

  Next, the CPU 101 reads a work fee according to the calculated work time from the work fee setting table 104a (step S20). Then, the CPU 101 outputs work time and work fee by printing with the printing apparatus 110 (step S21). In addition, the structure which issues the bill to a work consignor by outputting in a predetermined format when outputting work time and work fee may be used.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the working machine according to the present invention is applied to a combine has been described. However, the configuration is not necessarily limited to a combine, and for example, the configuration is applied to a rice transplanter that performs seedling planting work. Also good.

  In the present embodiment, the working time is detected by detecting the on / off of the work clutch. However, in order to verify that the mowing work and the threshing work are actually performed, the weight sensor 73 is used. In addition, the output of the scraping sensor 74 may be monitored, and when the weight of the grain tank 7 does not increase, or when the cereal to be transported cannot be detected, the work time may not be counted.

  In the present embodiment, the work fee is set as a work commission fee, but may be set as a time lending fee for a combiner that is a work machine.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, a work fee per work area is set, and when the harvesting work is completed, the worker inputs the work area, and the work fee is calculated based on the input work area and the measured work time. Although it was set as the structure to perform, the structure which sets a work charge for every agricultural field used as the object of a harvesting work may be sufficient. Note that the configuration of the combine is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the work fee setting table 104a used in the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, a field number is assigned to each field, and a work fee for each work time is set in association with the field number. For example, for the farm field with the farm number “F01”, when the work time is 0 to 10 minutes, 10 to 20 minutes, 20 to 30 minutes, 30 minutes or more, the work charges are 10,000 yen, 15000 yen, and 20000, respectively. Yen, 25,000 yen. The same applies to the other field numbers.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure of processing executed by the combine. The following processing is executed by the CPU 101 of the control device 100 according to a control program stored in the ROM 102.

  In executing the harvesting operation, the CPU 101 first receives the field number (step S31). At this time, the CPU 101 displays an operation screen on the operation panel 37 and accepts the field number by accepting an operation from the operator.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an operation screen displayed on the operation panel 37 when accepting a field number. The operation screen shown in FIG. 11 includes selection buttons 370a, 370b, and 370c that accept selection of field numbers, and screen switching buttons 370u and 370d that switch the screen to display selection buttons that are not displayed on the screen. Has been. The selection buttons 370a, 370b, 370c and the screen switching buttons 370u, 370d are constituted by touch panel type software buttons so that selection can be accepted by a pressing operation by an operator. When the selection button 370a (or 370b, 370c) is pressed on the operation screen shown in FIG. 11, “F01” (or “F02”, “F03”) is input as the field number. The input field number is held in the RAM 103.

  Next, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the work clutch has been turned on (step S32). That is, the CPU 101 determines whether or not an ON signal (an operation signal instructing start of work) output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the reaping clutch switch 352 is input. If it is determined that the work clutch is not turned on (S32: NO), the CPU 101 waits until an operation signal instructing the start of the harvesting work is input.

  When it is determined that the work clutch is turned on (S32: YES), the CPU 101 starts measuring the work time by giving an instruction to the clock 75 (step S33). After starting the time measurement, the CPU 101 displays the work time on the operation panel 37 at appropriate time intervals (step S34) and records the work time in the RAM 103 (step S35).

  Next, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the work clutch has been turned off (step S36). That is, the CPU 101 determines whether or not an off signal (an operation signal for instructing the end of work) output from the threshing clutch switch 351 and the reaping clutch switch 352 is input. When determining that the working clutch is not turned off (S36: NO), the CPU 101 returns the process to step S34.

  If it is determined that the work clutch has been turned off (S36: YES), the CPU 101 stops the work time measurement by giving an instruction to the clock 75 (step S37). Then, the CPU 101 records the measured work time in the RAM 103.

  Next, the CPU 101 confirms with the worker whether or not to continue the harvesting operation. Specifically, an operation screen as shown in FIG. 8 is displayed on the operation panel 37, and the will of the worker is confirmed by receiving an operation from the worker. Then, the CPU 101 determines whether or not to continue the harvesting operation based on information input through the selection buttons 371 and 372 arranged on the operation screen (step S38).

  If it is determined that the harvesting operation is to be continued (S38: YES), the CPU 101 returns the process to step S32. If it is determined that the harvesting operation is not continued (S38: NO), the CPU 101 sets the corresponding work fee based on the field number received in step S31 and the measured work time to the work fee setting table 104a. (Step S39). Then, the CPU 101 outputs work time and work fee by printing with the printing apparatus 110 (step S40). In addition, the structure which issues the bill to a work consignor by outputting in a predetermined format when outputting work time and work fee may be used.

3 is a plan view showing an example of the overall configuration of a combine according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a right view which shows the example of whole structure of the combine which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of a cockpit. It is explanatory drawing explaining the operating state of a work clutch lever. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of a combine. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of a work charge setting table. It is a flowchart explaining the procedure of the process which a combine performs. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the operation screen displayed on an operation panel. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the work charge setting table used by this Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the procedure of the process which a combine performs. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the operation screen displayed on an operation panel when accepting an agricultural field number.

Explanation of symbols

75 clock 100 control device 101 central processing unit 102 ROM
103 RAM
104 memory 104a work charge setting table 351 threshing clutch switch 352 mowing clutch switch

Claims (3)

In a working machine that transmits power from a power source to a working unit via a clutch and performs a predetermined work in the working unit,
A working machine comprising: a detecting unit that detects disengagement of the clutch; and a measuring unit that measures a working time of the working unit based on a detection result of the detecting unit.   The working machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a table that defines a correspondence relationship between the work time and the work fee; and a unit that calculates a work fee based on the work time measured by the measuring unit. .   The working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the working unit is configured to perform a grain cutting operation, a threshing operation, or a seedling planting operation.

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