JP2006059730A - Lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Lead-acid battery Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2006059730A
JP2006059730A JP2004241836A JP2004241836A JP2006059730A JP 2006059730 A JP2006059730 A JP 2006059730A JP 2004241836 A JP2004241836 A JP 2004241836A JP 2004241836 A JP2004241836 A JP 2004241836A JP 2006059730 A JP2006059730 A JP 2006059730A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
porous filter
lead
separator
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2004241836A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5082185B2 (en
Inventor
Seiji Anzai
誠二 安齋
Kei Ishimaki
圭 石牧
Shozo Murochi
省三 室地
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2004241836A priority Critical patent/JP5082185B2/en
Publication of JP2006059730A publication Critical patent/JP2006059730A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5082185B2 publication Critical patent/JP5082185B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lead-acid battery enhancing reliability by suppressing clogging of a porous filter and abnormal rising of the internal pressure in the battery caused by the clogging, generating in the lead-acid battery having the porous filter as an explosion-proof filter. <P>SOLUTION: The lead-acid battery is formed by housing an electrode group comprising a positive plate, a negative plate, and a polyethylene separator in a battery container, covering the opening part of the battery container with a cover, installing a passage communicating the inside of the battery with the outside of the battery in the battery container or the cover, and arranging the porous filter in the passage. The polyethylene separator contains oil and the oil content is made 18.5 mass% to the separator weight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は鉛蓄電池に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery.

鉛蓄電池は充電末期に電解液中の水の電気分解により、水素ガスや酸素ガスを発生する。したがって、制御弁式鉛蓄電池のように、酸素ガスを負極で吸収することによって負極での水素ガス発生を抑制するか、もしくは、電池内に滞留したこれらのガスを安全に排気するための機能が必要である。   Lead acid batteries generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolysis of water in the electrolyte at the end of charging. Therefore, like a control valve type lead-acid battery, it has a function to suppress the generation of hydrogen gas at the negative electrode by absorbing oxygen gas at the negative electrode, or to safely exhaust these gases staying in the battery. is necessary.

特に車両用鉛蓄電池では、注液口に装着した排気栓を通してこれらのガスを排気する構造を有している。この排気されたガスに、電池外で発生した電気スパークや煙草の火が引火した場合、排気栓を通してセル室内の滞留水素ガスに引火し、電池が破裂する危険性を有している。このような破裂を防止するため、排気栓の内部に防爆フィルタとして機能する多孔フィルタを設けることが一般に行われている。   In particular, a lead-acid battery for a vehicle has a structure in which these gases are exhausted through an exhaust plug attached to a liquid injection port. When this exhausted gas is ignited by an electric spark or a cigarette fire generated outside the battery, there is a risk of the battery exploding by igniting the accumulated hydrogen gas in the cell chamber through the exhaust plug. In order to prevent such rupture, a porous filter that functions as an explosion-proof filter is generally provided inside the exhaust plug.

多孔質フィルタは、上述のような電池内ガスへの引火を抑制する機能を有する一方で、セル室内に存在する電解液中の水分減少を抑制する機能をも有している。セル室内の空間は電解液が存在するため、水蒸気圧が外気よりも高い状態である。また、セル室内は電池充電時に発生したガスが電解液から離脱するときに発生する電解液飛沫が存在している。この電解液飛沫は、電解液面の揺動によっても発生する。   The porous filter has a function of suppressing ignition to the gas in the battery as described above, and also has a function of suppressing moisture reduction in the electrolytic solution existing in the cell chamber. Since the electrolytic solution exists in the space in the cell chamber, the water vapor pressure is higher than that of the outside air. In addition, there are electrolyte droplets generated when the gas generated during battery charging is detached from the electrolyte in the cell chamber. The electrolytic solution splash is also generated by the fluctuation of the electrolytic solution surface.

このような電解液飛沫や、外気よりも水蒸気を多く含んだセル室内ガスの電池外への拡散は、電解液自体の減少や、電解液に含まれる水分減少を引き起こす。多孔質フィルタはセル室内ガスの電池外への拡散を抑制することにより、電解液および電解液中の水分減少を抑制する作用を有する。   Such diffusion of the electrolyte solution and diffusion of the gas in the cell containing more water vapor than the outside air to the outside of the battery causes a decrease in the electrolyte solution itself and a decrease in water content in the electrolyte solution. A porous filter has the effect | action which suppresses the water | moisture content reduction in electrolyte solution and electrolyte solution by suppressing the spreading | diffusion of the cell chamber gas outside the battery.

特許文献1には、多孔質フィルタの通気度と孔径分布を規定することにより、セル室内ガス中の水蒸気や電解液飛沫を多孔フィルタ表面で捕捉し、セル室内に還流し、電解液およびこれに含まれる水分減少を抑制することが示されている。また、多孔質フィルタとしてアルミナの多孔質体を用いることが示されている。   In Patent Document 1, by defining the air permeability and pore size distribution of the porous filter, water vapor and electrolyte droplets in the gas in the cell chamber are captured on the surface of the porous filter, and are refluxed into the cell chamber. It has been shown to suppress the moisture loss involved. It is also shown that an alumina porous body is used as the porous filter.

また、特許文献2には、アルミナの焼結多孔質体といったセラミックの焼結多孔質体は1000℃を超えるような、高温での焼結が長時間必要であることから、製造コスト面で不利であることが示されている。一方、ポリプロピレン樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂は比較的低温、短時間で焼結して多孔質体となる。さらに特許文献2には、焼結前のポリプロピレン樹脂粉体の径を適切に選択することにより、安定した通気度を有した樹脂の多孔質体が得られることが示されている。
特開平7−220706号公報 特開2001−202943号公報
Further, in Patent Document 2, a ceramic sintered porous body such as an alumina sintered porous body requires sintering at a high temperature exceeding 1000 ° C. for a long time, which is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost. It is shown that. On the other hand, a thermoplastic resin such as polypropylene resin is sintered at a relatively low temperature in a short time to become a porous body. Further, Patent Document 2 shows that a resin porous body having stable air permeability can be obtained by appropriately selecting the diameter of the polypropylene resin powder before sintering.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-220706 JP 2001-202943 A

多孔質フィルタは、上述したような、セル室内ガスを排出する機能、防爆機能、電解液・電解液中水分減少の抑制機能を有する部品である。これらの電池にとって好ましい機能を有する一方で、多孔質フィルタが目詰まりした場合には、電池内圧が異常に上昇し、電池の破裂を引き起こすという課題があった。また、電池破裂が引き起こされないまでも、電池内圧の上昇により、多孔質フィルタに付着した電解液が電池外に溢液するという問題があった。   The porous filter is a component having the function of discharging the gas in the cell, the function of explosion-proofing, and the function of suppressing the decrease in moisture in the electrolytic solution / electrolytic solution as described above. While having a preferable function for these batteries, when the porous filter is clogged, there is a problem that the internal pressure of the battery rises abnormally and causes the battery to burst. In addition, even if the battery does not rupture, there is a problem that the electrolyte attached to the porous filter overflows outside the battery due to the increase in the battery internal pressure.

多孔質フィルタの目詰まりが発生する要因として、1)泥や粉塵といった、電池外部に存在する異物が多孔質フィルタの電池外側面に付着するもの、2)電解液中に浮遊する脱落活物質粒子等の異物が多孔質フィルタの電池内側面に付着するものといった、主として2つの要因が上げられる。   Factors that cause clogging of the porous filter include 1) foreign matters such as mud and dust that adhere to the outer surface of the battery, such as mud and dust, and 2) falling active material particles that float in the electrolyte. There are mainly two factors, such as foreign substances such as those adhering to the inner surface of the battery of the porous filter.

その中でも、上記1)の要因は、異物が電池外部に付着していることが使用者に容易に視認できるため、異物を除去する、あるいは電池そのものを交換するといった、適切な処置をとることができる。ところが、上記2)の要因によるものは、電池外部への異物の付着というような異常が発生しないため、使用者が適切な処置が行えないという点でより深刻な問題であった。   Among them, the cause of the above 1) is that the user can easily recognize that the foreign matter is attached to the outside of the battery, so that appropriate measures such as removing the foreign matter or replacing the battery itself can be taken. it can. However, the cause of the above 2) is a more serious problem in that the user cannot perform an appropriate treatment because there is no abnormality such as adhesion of foreign matter to the outside of the battery.

特にセパレータとして鉱油等のオイルを含むポリエチレンセパレータを用いた場合、この電池使用中に、ポリエチレンセパレータから電解液に流出したオイルが多孔質フィルタの孔に浸透し、多孔質フィルタを目詰まりさせる要因となるおそれがあった。一方、セパレータ中に含まれるオイルをセパレータ中から除去することは比較的容易ではあるが、セパレータの耐酸化性が損なわれることにより、亀裂や穴明きが発生しやすくなり、鉛蓄電池が短寿命となるという問題があった。   In particular, when a polyethylene separator containing oil such as mineral oil is used as the separator, the oil that has flowed out of the polyethylene separator into the electrolyte during use of the battery penetrates into the pores of the porous filter and clogs the porous filter. There was a risk of becoming. On the other hand, it is relatively easy to remove the oil contained in the separator from the separator, but the oxidation resistance of the separator is impaired, so that cracks and holes are easily generated, and the lead-acid battery has a short life. There was a problem of becoming.

本発明は、前記したような多孔質フィルタを防爆フィルタとして備えた鉛蓄電池において発生する、多孔質フィルタの目詰まりとこれによる電池内圧の異常上昇、さらにはこれによって引き起こされる電解液の溢液や電池の破裂を抑制した、信頼性の高い、鉛蓄電池を提供するものである。   The present invention relates to clogging of a porous filter and an abnormal increase in the internal pressure of the battery caused by the clogging of the porous filter, which occurs in the lead storage battery provided with the porous filter as an explosion-proof filter as described above. The present invention provides a highly reliable lead storage battery that suppresses battery explosion.

前記した課題を解決するために、本発明の請求項1に係る発明は、正極板、負極板およびポリエチレンセパレータとからなる極板群を電槽に収納し、電槽開口部を蓋で覆い、前記電槽もしくは前記蓋に電池内部と電池外部とを連通する経路を設けるとともに、この経路上に多孔質フィルタを配置した鉛蓄電池であって、前記ポリエチレンセパレータはオイルを含み、そのオイル含有量がセパレータ重量に対して18.5質量%以下としたことを特徴とするものである。   In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention stores an electrode plate group including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a polyethylene separator in a battery case, covers the battery case opening with a lid, The battery case or the lid is provided with a path for communicating the inside of the battery and the outside of the battery, and a lead storage battery having a porous filter disposed on the path, wherein the polyethylene separator contains oil, and the oil content is It is characterized by being 18.5% by mass or less based on the weight of the separator.

また、本発明の請求項2に係る発明は、請求項1の鉛蓄電池において、前記オイル含有量を15.5質量%以下としたことを特徴とするものである。   The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the lead storage battery of claim 1, the oil content is 15.5% by mass or less.

本発明の請求項3に係る発明は、請求項1もしくは2の鉛蓄電池において、前記多孔質フィルタとして熱可塑性樹脂の焼結多孔質体を用いたことを特徴とするものである。   The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the lead storage battery of claim 1 or 2, a sintered porous body of a thermoplastic resin is used as the porous filter.

また、本発明の請求項4に係る発明は、請求項1、2もしくは3に記載の鉛蓄電池において、少なくとも正極にPb−Sb合金格子を用いた鉛蓄電池を示すものである。   The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the lead storage battery according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the lead storage battery uses a Pb-Sb alloy lattice at least for the positive electrode.

前記した本発明の構成によれば、防爆フィルタとしての多孔質フィルタを備えた鉛蓄電池において発生する多孔質フィルタの目詰まりと、これによる電池内圧の異常上昇およびこれによる鉛蓄電池の破裂を抑制することにより、信頼性に優れた鉛蓄電池を提供することができ、工業上極めて有用である。   According to the configuration of the present invention described above, the clogging of the porous filter that occurs in the lead storage battery provided with the porous filter as the explosion proof filter, the abnormal increase in the internal pressure of the battery, and the rupture of the lead storage battery due to this are suppressed. Thus, a lead storage battery having excellent reliability can be provided, which is extremely useful industrially.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

本発明による鉛蓄電池1は、正極板2、負極板3およびポリエチレンセパレータ4で構成された極板群5を電槽6に収納し、電槽6の開口部は蓋7で覆われている。本発明の鉛蓄電池1は電槽6もしくは蓋7のいずれかに電池外部と電池内部とを連通する経路として、図2に示したように、蓋7に注液口8を設け、この注液口8に排気栓9を装着し、排気栓9中に電池外部と内部とを連通する経路Aが設けられている。本発明の鉛蓄電池では、この経路Aに多孔質フィルタ10が設けられている。実際には図2に示したように、排気栓9中に多孔質フィルタ10を配置することができる。   In a lead storage battery 1 according to the present invention, an electrode plate group 5 composed of a positive electrode plate 2, a negative electrode plate 3 and a polyethylene separator 4 is housed in a battery case 6, and the opening of the battery case 6 is covered with a lid 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the lead storage battery 1 of the present invention is provided with a liquid injection port 8 in the lid 7 as a path for communicating either the battery case 6 or the lid 7 with the outside of the battery and the inside of the battery. An exhaust plug 9 is attached to the port 8, and a path A is provided in the exhaust plug 9 to communicate the outside and inside of the battery. In the lead storage battery of the present invention, the porous filter 10 is provided in the path A. Actually, as shown in FIG. 2, the porous filter 10 can be disposed in the exhaust plug 9.

この多孔質フィルタ10としてはアルミナ多孔質体をはじめとする、セラミックス焼結多孔体や、ポリプロピレン焼結多孔体をはじめとする、プラスチック焼結多孔体を用いることができる。セラミック焼結多孔体はプラスチック焼結多孔体と比較して高価であるため、プラスチック焼結多孔体を用いることが好ましい。   As this porous filter 10, a plastic sintered porous body such as a ceramic sintered porous body such as an alumina porous body or a polypropylene sintered porous body can be used. Since a ceramic sintered porous body is more expensive than a plastic sintered porous body, it is preferable to use a plastic sintered porous body.

本発明では、ポリエチレンセパレータに含まれるオイル(鉱油)量をセパレータ重量に対して18.5質量%以下、好ましくは、15.5%以下とする。このような構成により、セパレータから電解液中に拡散したオイルによる多孔質フィルタの目詰まりと、これによる電池内圧の上昇および電解液の溢液を抑制することができる。   In the present invention, the amount of oil (mineral oil) contained in the polyethylene separator is 18.5% by mass or less, preferably 15.5% or less with respect to the separator weight. With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress clogging of the porous filter due to oil diffused from the separator into the electrolytic solution, an increase in the internal pressure of the battery, and overflow of the electrolytic solution.

ポリエチレンセパレータ中のオイルの上限値を規定することによる、上述の本発明の効果を得る上で、本来、オイルの下限値を限定する必要はない。しかしながら、オイル量の低下によりセパレータの耐酸化性も低下し、セパレータの破損によって寿命低下する。したがって、電池寿命を考慮してオイル量を5%以上、好ましくは10%以上とすることが実用的である。   In order to obtain the above-described effect of the present invention by defining the upper limit value of the oil in the polyethylene separator, it is not necessary to originally limit the lower limit value of the oil. However, the oxidation resistance of the separator is also reduced due to the decrease in the oil amount, and the life is shortened due to breakage of the separator. Therefore, considering the battery life, it is practical to set the oil amount to 5% or more, preferably 10% or more.

さらに、多孔質フィルタとして用いる、プラスチック焼結多孔体は安価であるものの、セラミック焼結多孔体に比較し、セパレータ中のオイルによって目詰まりしやすいという、欠点がある。本発明の構成によれば、多孔質フィルタとして安価なプラスチック焼結多孔体を用いた場合でも、オイルによる目詰まりを抑制することができる。   Furthermore, although a plastic sintered porous body used as a porous filter is inexpensive, it has a drawback in that it is easily clogged by oil in the separator as compared with a ceramic sintered porous body. According to the configuration of the present invention, clogging with oil can be suppressed even when an inexpensive plastic sintered porous body is used as the porous filter.

また、本発明は、正極板にPb−Sb合金格子を用いた鉛蓄電池に適用することが好ましい。正極、負極ともにPb−Sb合金格子を用いたアンチモンタイプの鉛蓄電池、正極にPb−Sb合金格子、負極にPb−Ca合金格子を用いたハイブリッドタイプの鉛蓄電池は、充電中におけるガスの発生量が正極、負極ともにPb−Ca合金格子を用いた、カルシウムタイプの鉛蓄電池に比較して多く、電解液飛沫が多孔質フィルタに付着し、目詰まりさせる確率もより高いからである。本発明の構成によれば、正極板にPb−Sb合金格子を用いた場合でも、オイルによる目詰まりと、これによる電池内圧の上昇および電解液の溢液を顕著に抑制することができる。   Moreover, it is preferable to apply this invention to the lead acid battery which used the Pb-Sb alloy grid for the positive electrode plate. Antimony type lead storage battery using Pb-Sb alloy lattice for both positive and negative electrodes, hybrid type lead storage battery using Pb-Sb alloy lattice for positive electrode and Pb-Ca alloy lattice for negative electrode, the amount of gas generated during charging This is because both the positive electrode and the negative electrode use a Pb—Ca alloy lattice, which is more than a calcium type lead-acid battery, and there is a higher probability that the electrolyte droplets adhere to the porous filter and cause clogging. According to the configuration of the present invention, even when a Pb—Sb alloy lattice is used for the positive electrode plate, clogging due to oil, a rise in the battery internal pressure, and an overflow of the electrolyte can be remarkably suppressed.

以下、実施例により、本発明における効果を説明する。   The effects of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples.

図3に示したような構成で、格子合金組成、ポリエチレンセパレータ中の含有オイル量および多孔質フィルタの材質を種々変化させて、JIS D5301「始動用鉛蓄電池」で規定された55D23形電池を組み立てた。   The 55D23 type battery specified in JIS D5301 “Leading lead battery for start-up” is assembled by changing the lattice alloy composition, the amount of oil contained in the polyethylene separator and the material of the porous filter in the configuration as shown in FIG. It was.

極板群の構成は、正極板5枚、負極板5枚とし、負極板を袋状のポリエチレンセパレータに収納した。多孔質フィルタは図2に示したように、排気栓9中に配置し、この排気栓9をセル室毎に設けられた注液口8に装着した。   The configuration of the electrode plate group was five positive plates and five negative plates, and the negative plates were housed in a bag-like polyethylene separator. As shown in FIG. 2, the porous filter was disposed in the exhaust plug 9, and this exhaust plug 9 was attached to the liquid injection port 8 provided for each cell chamber.

多孔質フィルタとしてアルミナ焼結多孔体のものと、ポリプロピレンの焼結多孔体(図3におけるPP焼結多孔体)を用いた。これらは、いずれも直径11.0mm、厚み2.0mmの円柱形状である。この多孔質フィルタ10の通気抵抗は25℃のエアーを0.5l/分の流量で通過させた時の水柱マノメータ12の値で7.5mmAqであった。   As the porous filter, an alumina sintered porous body and a polypropylene sintered porous body (PP sintered porous body in FIG. 3) were used. These are all cylindrical shapes having a diameter of 11.0 mm and a thickness of 2.0 mm. The ventilation resistance of the porous filter 10 was 7.5 mmAq as a value of the water column manometer 12 when air at 25 ° C. was passed at a flow rate of 0.5 l / min.

図3で示した各電池を75℃気相中における軽負荷寿命試験を行った。   Each battery shown in FIG. 3 was subjected to a light load life test in a gas phase at 75 ° C.

軽負荷寿命試験では25Aの放電4分に引き続いて行われる、14.8V定電圧充電(最大電流25A)10分の充放電サイクルの480サイクル毎に鉛蓄電池を356A×10分間放電を実施する。この356放電での末期電圧が7.2Vまで低下した時点を寿命サイクルとする。なお、本実施例においては、試験電池の充電中に上下方向に加速度10Gで周波数10Hzの振動を試験電池に加えた。   In the light load life test, the lead-acid battery is discharged at 356 A × 10 minutes every 480 cycles of charge / discharge cycle of 14.8 V constant voltage charge (maximum current 25 A) 10 minutes, which is performed following 25 A discharge 4 minutes. The point in time when the final voltage in this 356 discharge has dropped to 7.2 V is defined as the life cycle. In this example, vibration with a frequency of 10 Hz and an acceleration of 10 G was applied to the test battery in the vertical direction while charging the test battery.

そして、寿命試験終了後、電解液の溢液の有無を確認した。さらに、寿命試験終了電池から多孔質フィルタを取り出し、この多孔質フィルタをの通気抵抗(25℃のエアーを0.5l/分の流量で通過させた時の水柱マノメータ値)を計測した。これらの値を図3に示す。   Then, after the end of the life test, the presence or absence of electrolyte overflow was confirmed. Further, the porous filter was taken out from the battery for which the life test was completed, and the ventilation resistance (water column manometer value when air at 25 ° C. was passed at a flow rate of 0.5 l / min) was measured. These values are shown in FIG.

図3に示した結果から、ポリエチレンセパレータ中のオイル量を25wt%とした場合、通気抵抗値の急激な異常上昇が認められ、電池内圧の上昇により電槽が膨張変形したことから、少なくともオイル量を18.5wt%以下とすることが必要である。また、オイル量を15.5wt%以下とすることにより、電解液の溢液を抑制できることがわかる。   From the results shown in FIG. 3, when the amount of oil in the polyethylene separator was 25 wt%, a sudden and abnormal increase in the airflow resistance value was observed, and the battery case expanded and deformed due to the increase in battery internal pressure. Must be 18.5 wt% or less. Moreover, it turns out that the overflow of electrolyte solution can be suppressed by making oil amount into 15.5 wt% or less.

多孔質フィルタの材質に関しては、オイル量25wt%の場合で比較すると、アルミナ焼結多孔質体と比較してPP焼結多孔質体の方が通気抵抗値が高くなる傾向にあった。また、溢液量で比較すると、オイル量25wt%で、正極・負極ともPb−Sn−Ca合金を用いたものは、PP焼結多孔質体で溢液量が1セル当たり平均2mlであったのに対し、アルミナ焼結多孔体では1セル当たり平均0.8mlであった。これは多孔質フィルタの材料とオイルとの親和性の差により、多孔質フィルタの目詰まり状態に差が生じたものと推測できる。しかしながら、オイル量を15.5wt%以下とすることにより、溢液の発生しやすい、PP焼結多孔質体においても、溢液を抑制することができる。したがって、本発明の構成を、PP焼結多孔質体をフィルタに用いた鉛蓄電池に適用すれば、内圧上昇と溢液の抑制をより安価に実現できる。   Regarding the material of the porous filter, when compared with the oil amount of 25 wt%, the PP sintered porous body tended to have a higher ventilation resistance value than the alumina sintered porous body. In addition, when compared with the overflow amount, the oil amount was 25 wt%, and the one using the Pb—Sn—Ca alloy for both the positive electrode and the negative electrode was a PP sintered porous body, and the average overflow amount was 2 ml per cell. On the other hand, in the alumina sintered porous body, the average was 0.8 ml per cell. It can be inferred that this is due to the difference in the clogged state of the porous filter due to the difference in affinity between the material of the porous filter and the oil. However, by setting the oil amount to 15.5 wt% or less, overflow can be suppressed even in a PP sintered porous body in which overflow is likely to occur. Therefore, if the configuration of the present invention is applied to a lead storage battery using a PP sintered porous body as a filter, an increase in internal pressure and suppression of overflow can be realized at a lower cost.

正極格子合金の差異については、オイル量25wt%の場合で比較すると、Pb−Sb合金を用いたものの方がPb−Ca合金を用いたものに比較して、通気抵抗値が上昇しやすく、溢液の程度もより甚大であった。これは寿命サイクル末期において、正極格子中のSbが負極に移行し、ガス発生量が増加し、電池内における電解液飛沫の発生量が増加したことによると推測できる。また、この正極格子合金にPb−Sb合金を使用した電池は、多孔質フィルタ10の電池内側面に灰黒色の微粒子が付着していた。この微粒子を分析したところ、PbとSbが検出された。   Regarding the difference in the positive electrode lattice alloy, when compared with the oil amount of 25 wt%, the resistance using the Pb—Sb alloy is higher than that using the Pb—Ca alloy, and the ventilation resistance value is likely to increase. The level of liquid was also greater. This can be presumed to be due to the fact that Sb in the positive electrode lattice shifted to the negative electrode at the end of the life cycle, the amount of gas generation increased, and the amount of electrolyte droplets generated in the battery increased. Further, in the battery using the Pb—Sb alloy as the positive electrode lattice alloy, grayish black fine particles adhered to the inner surface of the porous filter 10. When this fine particle was analyzed, Pb and Sb were detected.

このように、正極格子合金としてPb−Ca合金を用いたものよりも、Pb−Sb合金を用いることにより、多孔質フィルタ10の目詰まりが発生しやすい鉛蓄電池においても、本発明のように、セパレータ中のオイル量を限定することにより、多孔質フィルタの目詰まりとこれによる電池内圧上昇・溢液を抑制できる。   Thus, even in a lead storage battery in which clogging of the porous filter 10 is likely to occur by using a Pb—Sb alloy rather than using a Pb—Ca alloy as a positive electrode lattice alloy, as in the present invention, By limiting the amount of oil in the separator, it is possible to suppress clogging of the porous filter and the resulting increase in battery internal pressure and overflow.

セパレータ中のオイル量が10wt%以下に低下すると、電池寿命も低下する傾向にある。これはオイル量の低下により、セパレータの耐酸化性が損なわれ、セパレータの穴明きや亀裂により電池内部が短絡して寿命に到るものである。したがって、セパレータ中のオイル量の下限値は、電池が必要とする寿命に応じて選択する必要がある。   When the amount of oil in the separator decreases to 10 wt% or less, the battery life tends to decrease. This is because the oxidation resistance of the separator is impaired due to the decrease in the amount of oil, and the inside of the battery is short-circuited due to the perforation or cracking of the separator, thus reaching the life. Therefore, the lower limit value of the amount of oil in the separator needs to be selected according to the life required by the battery.

なお、多孔質フィルタとして、上述のホモポリプロピレン樹脂の焼結多孔質体に替えて、ポリエチレン樹脂といった、他の熱可塑性樹脂の焼結多孔質体を用いても、本実施例と同様、セパレータ中のオイル量が18.5wt%以下でフィルタの目詰まりによる内圧の異常上昇を抑制し、オイル量が15.5wt%以下で内圧上昇による電解液溢液を抑制する、本発明の効果が得られた。   In addition, as a porous filter, in place of the above-mentioned sintered porous body of homopolypropylene resin, a sintered porous body of other thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene resin may be used as in the present embodiment. The effect of the present invention is obtained, in which an abnormal increase in internal pressure due to clogging of the filter is suppressed when the oil amount is 18.5 wt% or less, and electrolyte overflow due to an increase in internal pressure is suppressed when the oil amount is 15.5 wt% or less. It was.

本発明は多孔質フィルタを防爆フィルタとして用いた鉛蓄電池における、多孔質フィルタの目詰まりとこれによる電池内圧上昇・溢液を防止することから、特に加振状態で使用され、電解液付着によるフィルタの目詰まりが発生しやすい、自動車用の鉛蓄電池に対して極めて有効である。   Since the present invention prevents clogging of the porous filter and the resulting increase in the internal pressure of the battery and overflow from the lead storage battery using the porous filter as an explosion-proof filter, the filter is used particularly in an excited state, and is a filter that adheres to the electrolyte. It is extremely effective for lead-acid batteries for automobiles that are prone to clogging.

本発明の鉛蓄電池を示す破載断面図Cross-sectional view showing a lead storage battery of the present invention 本発明の鉛蓄電池を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the lead acid battery of this invention 寿命試験および通気抵抗計測結果を示す図Diagram showing life test and ventilation resistance measurement results

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 鉛蓄電池
2 正極板
3 負極板
4 セパレータ(袋状セパレータ)
5 極板群
6 電槽
7 蓋
8 注液口
9 排気栓
10 多孔質フィルタ
A 経路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lead acid battery 2 Positive electrode plate 3 Negative electrode plate 4 Separator (bag-like separator)
5 Electrode plate group 6 Battery case 7 Lid 8 Injection port 9 Exhaust plug 10 Porous filter A Route

Claims (4)

正極板、負極板およびポリエチレンセパレータとからなる極板群を電槽に収納し、電槽開口部を蓋で覆い、前記電槽もしくは前記蓋に電池内部と電池外部とを連通する経路を設けるとともに、この経路上に多孔質フィルタを配置した鉛蓄電池であって、前記ポリエチレンセパレータはオイルを含み、そのオイル含有量がセパレータ重量に対して18.5質量%以下としたことを特徴とする鉛蓄電池。 An electrode plate group consisting of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a polyethylene separator is housed in a battery case, the battery case opening is covered with a lid, and a path for communicating the inside of the battery with the outside of the battery is provided in the battery case or the lid. A lead acid battery in which a porous filter is disposed on the path, wherein the polyethylene separator contains oil, and the oil content is 18.5% by mass or less based on the weight of the separator. . 前記オイル含有量を15.5質量%以下としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の鉛蓄電池。 2. The lead acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the oil content is 15.5% by mass or less. 前記多孔質フィルタとして熱可塑性樹脂の焼結多孔質体を用いたことを特徴とする請求項1もしくは2に記載の鉛蓄電池。 The lead storage battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sintered porous body of a thermoplastic resin is used as the porous filter. 少なくとも正極にPb−Sb合金格子を用いた請求項1、2もしくは3に記載の鉛蓄電池。 The lead acid battery according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a Pb-Sb alloy lattice is used at least for the positive electrode.
JP2004241836A 2004-08-23 2004-08-23 Lead acid battery Active JP5082185B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004241836A JP5082185B2 (en) 2004-08-23 2004-08-23 Lead acid battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004241836A JP5082185B2 (en) 2004-08-23 2004-08-23 Lead acid battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2006059730A true JP2006059730A (en) 2006-03-02
JP5082185B2 JP5082185B2 (en) 2012-11-28

Family

ID=36107014

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2004241836A Active JP5082185B2 (en) 2004-08-23 2004-08-23 Lead acid battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5082185B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101783418A (en) * 2010-03-01 2010-07-21 武汉银泰科技电源股份有限公司 Acid fog removing device for formation charging of lead-acid storage battery
KR20190003674A (en) 2016-05-02 2019-01-09 니뽄 고아 가부시끼가이샤 Catalytic parts and aeration filters, vent plugs and lead acid batteries containing them
WO2019102858A1 (en) * 2017-11-24 2019-05-31 株式会社東芝 Electricity storage device and railroad car

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0294252A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Lead-acid battery
JPH06267525A (en) * 1993-03-11 1994-09-22 Nippon Muki Co Ltd Separator for lead-acid battery
JP2001143744A (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-25 Yuasa Corp Lead acid storage battery
JP2001202943A (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-07-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Battery
JP2003045380A (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Battery

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0294252A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Lead-acid battery
JPH06267525A (en) * 1993-03-11 1994-09-22 Nippon Muki Co Ltd Separator for lead-acid battery
JP2001143744A (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-25 Yuasa Corp Lead acid storage battery
JP2001202943A (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-07-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Battery
JP2003045380A (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Battery

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101783418A (en) * 2010-03-01 2010-07-21 武汉银泰科技电源股份有限公司 Acid fog removing device for formation charging of lead-acid storage battery
KR20190003674A (en) 2016-05-02 2019-01-09 니뽄 고아 가부시끼가이샤 Catalytic parts and aeration filters, vent plugs and lead acid batteries containing them
US11139513B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2021-10-05 W. L. Gore & Associates G.K. Catalyst part, and ventilation filter, ventilation plug, and lead-acid battery including the same
WO2019102858A1 (en) * 2017-11-24 2019-05-31 株式会社東芝 Electricity storage device and railroad car
JP2019096523A (en) * 2017-11-24 2019-06-20 株式会社東芝 Power storage device and railway vehicle
US11374280B2 (en) 2017-11-24 2022-06-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electricity storage device and railroad car

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5082185B2 (en) 2012-11-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2262046B1 (en) Lead-Acid Rechargeable Battery
WO2009130740A1 (en) Lead storage battery
JP5098243B2 (en) Lead acid battery
EP3533093B1 (en) A double-chamber battery venting system
CN109417144B (en) Catalyst member, and vent filter, vent plug and lead-acid battery including the same
CN1297591A (en) Use of catalyst in standby valve-vegulated lead acid cells
JP2008235055A (en) Lead acid storage cell
JP2006294290A (en) Lead storage battery
JP5145707B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP5082185B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP5125040B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP5125041B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP6347102B2 (en) Method for manufacturing power storage device
JP2019106320A (en) Lead storage battery
JP2008034167A (en) Lead acid storage battery
JPS61161656A (en) Vent plug for storage battery
JP4887649B2 (en) Control valve type lead acid battery
JP2011171039A (en) Vent plug for lead-acid battery and lead-acid battery
JP2010205572A (en) Lead acid battery
JP5023482B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP6244801B2 (en) Lead acid battery
JP2008098075A (en) Air battery
CN114730976A (en) Liquid tap for lead storage battery and lead storage battery
KR100844365B1 (en) A Lead-acid Battery for Vehicle
JP7408760B2 (en) Catalytic devices for lead-acid batteries and lead-acid batteries

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20070808

RD01 Notification of change of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7421

Effective date: 20070912

RD01 Notification of change of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7421

Effective date: 20091120

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20101206

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20101214

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20110120

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20111004

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20111117

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20120807

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20120820

R151 Written notification of patent or utility model registration

Ref document number: 5082185

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150914

Year of fee payment: 3

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113

R360 Written notification for declining of transfer of rights

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360

R360 Written notification for declining of transfer of rights

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360

R371 Transfer withdrawn

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R371

S111 Request for change of ownership or part of ownership

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113

R350 Written notification of registration of transfer

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350