JP2006058179A - Adsorption amount detector, and breakthrough detection method and breakthrough detector for gas adsorption system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adsorption amount detector capable of detecting an adsorption amount of an adsorbed substance onto an adsorption detecting material by a balance, allowing easy and accurate detection, and capable of detecting quantitatively a weight increase due to the adsorption of the adsorbed substance onto the adsorption detecting material, even in the detection by the balance. <P>SOLUTION: In this adsorption amount detector, the weight increase due to the adsorption of the adsorbed substance onto the adsorption detecting material 1 arranged in gas containing the adsorbed substance is converted into a positional change of the adsorption detecting material 1, and the positional change is detected to judge a level of the weight increase in the adsorption detecting material 1. A mechanism for changing a position of the adsorption detecting material 1 is the balance 2, the balance 2 holds the adsorption detecting material 1 in one end of a beam 3 of the balance 2, and is provided with a mechanism of changing the position of the adsorption detecting material 1 in accompaniment to the weight increase of the adsorption detecting material 1, and of changing continuously the position of the adsorption detecting material 1 in response to the weight increase of the adsorption detecting material 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an adsorption amount detection device that detects an adsorption amount when an adsorbed substance such as a toxic substance contained in a gas is adsorbed, a breakthrough detection method for a gas adsorption processing system using the adsorption amount detection device, and The present invention relates to a breakthrough detection device.

  In general, in a sewage treatment facility, accumulated sewage is concentrated to obtain sludge containing various organic substances, which is anaerobically digested by the action of microorganisms. Combustion digestion gas (biogas) mainly composed of methane obtained in this process is used as fuel for gas engines, once-through steam boilers, etc. to obtain electricity and steam. Is becoming mainstream.

  Hazardous substances are contained in the digestion gas, and in order to remove this, gas adsorption treatment systems that perform adsorption removal treatment using activated carbon are conventionally known. The treatment amount of the activated carbon is determined, and when the treatment amount is exceeded, a breakthrough state in which the adsorption action of the activated carbon is remarkably reduced is obtained. Therefore, conventionally, the activated carbon is replaced when a certain period of time elapses regardless of the outlet concentration of the adsorbed substance (hazardous substance) from the adsorption tower. In this method, when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed in the digestion gas and the gas flow rate per unit time fluctuate with time, the replacement time is not appropriate. In other words, if the concentration of the adsorbed substance in the digestion gas and the gas flow rate are low, the replacement time is too early, and there is a problem that the activated carbon is discarded wastefully, while the adsorbed substance in the digestion gas When the concentration and the gas flow rate of each gas are increasing, there is a problem that the replacement time is too late, leading to breakthrough of the adsorbent and releasing the adsorbed substance.

Therefore, as another conventional example, a method is also known in which the outlet gas of the adsorption tower is periodically sampled to analyze the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed to determine the timing when the predetermined outlet concentration is reached (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
JP-A-6-50855

  However, in the above method, periodic sampling and analysis are required, and it is a complicated manual operation. Therefore, there is a problem that it is expensive.

  The present invention was invented in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the amount of adsorption of a substance to be adsorbed on an adsorption detection material can be detected with a balance and can be detected easily and accurately, and even with a balance. In order to provide an adsorption amount detection device that can quantitatively detect the weight increase due to adsorption of a substance to be adsorbed on the adsorbent detection material, it is also possible to automatically detect breakthrough of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower and replace the adsorbent. Of the gas adsorption processing system that can prevent the adsorbed material from being released as much as possible because the adsorbent is not wasted and the breakthrough of the adsorbent does not occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a breakthrough detection method and an apparatus therefor.

  In order to solve the above problems, an adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured to detect an increase in weight due to adsorption of a substance to be adsorbed in an adsorption detection material 1 arranged in a gas containing the substance to be adsorbed. 1 is an adsorption amount detection device that converts the position change to 1 and detects the amount of weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1 by detecting the position change, and a mechanism for changing the position of the adsorption detection material 1 is a balance. The balance 2 holds the adsorption detection material 1 at one end of the basket 3 of the balance 2, and the position of the adsorption detection material 1 changes as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases. It is characterized in that a mechanism for continuously changing the position of the adsorption detection material 1 corresponding to an increase in the weight of 1 is provided.

  According to the above configuration, when the substance to be adsorbed contained in the gas is adsorbed on the adsorption detection material 1 and increases in weight, the adsorption detection material 1 moves in accordance with the change in the weight. By continuously changing the position in response to the change, the weight can be detected quantitatively without a sudden change in position due to an increase in weight as in the case of the ordinary balance 2. Thereby, the adsorption amount of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material 1 can be detected easily and accurately using the balance 2.

  In addition, the adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1, the upper end of the adsorption detecting material 1 is rigidly connected to one end of the basket 3 of the balance 2 and the other end of the basket 3 of the balance 2 is connected. It is characterized in that the upper end of the weight 4 that balances the adsorption detection material 1 is connected by a rigid connection. When the adsorption detection material 1 is increased in weight by adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed from a state where the balance 3 is balanced so that the balance 2 is horizontal, the weight 4 is raised and the adsorption detection material 1 is rotated so as to be lowered. However, at this time, the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum S of the balance 2 and the gravity center of the adsorption detection material 1 is slightly reduced, and conversely, the fulcrum S of the balance 2 and the gravity center of the weight 4 are Since the effective distance (effective arm length) is slightly increased, balance can be achieved by changing the position. Therefore, as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes corresponding to the weight change. Thereby, it is possible to easily realize a mechanism in which the position of the adsorption detection material 1 correspondingly changes continuously as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases.

  In addition, the adsorption amount detection device A of claim 3 of the present invention can detect a change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 when the adsorption detection material 1 reaches a preset weight increase value in claim 2. It is characterized by being set to. The adsorbing detection material 1 adsorbs a predetermined amount of the substance to be adsorbed, reaches a predetermined weight, and detects when the position of the adsorption detection material 1 changes to a predetermined position.

  In addition, the adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 4 of the present invention may be configured such that, in claim 2, the balance 2 is initially set so that the weight 4 is balanced in a state where a change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 is detected. And a device capable of adding an additional weight 5 corresponding to the weight increase set by the adsorption detection material 1 to the weight 4 after the initial setting. In a state where the detection means detects the adsorption detection material 1 at a position where the weight 4 and the adsorption detection material 1 are balanced, the weight 5 corresponding to the weight increase is added and moved to a position where the detection means does not detect the adsorption detection material 1. When the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed and reaches a predetermined weight, when the detection means detects the adsorption detection material 1 again, it is detected that the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the predetermined adsorption material. .

  In addition, the adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 5 of the present invention is the adsorption detection material 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adsorption detection material 1 is flat and has high air permeability, and the adsorption detection material. 1 surface is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet 6, and the adsorption detecting material 1 substantially covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6. In this case, the rate at which the gas flows through the adsorption detection material 1 is high, the substance to be adsorbed in the gas can be adsorbed efficiently, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 can be quickly increased. The concentration of the adsorbed substance in the gas can be detected efficiently.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorption amount detection apparatus A according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the position change of the adsorption detection material 1 is detected by a light sensor including a light projecting unit 7a and a light receiving unit 7b. 7 is detected. A change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 can be accurately detected by the detection means including the optical sensor 7.

  In the gas adsorption system breakthrough detection method according to claim 7 of the present invention, the gas containing the substance to be adsorbed is treated by the adsorption tower 9 filled with the adsorbent 8, and the adsorbed substance 8 is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 8. In the gas adsorption processing system, the adsorption detection material 1 is arranged in the gas that has passed through the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 or the gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8. The replacement time of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is determined by detecting the breakthrough state of the adsorbent 8 using the adsorption amount detection device A according to any one of claims 1 to 6. .

  The breakthrough detection device for a gas adsorption system according to claim 8 of the present invention processes a gas containing an adsorbed substance by an adsorption tower 9 filled with an adsorbent 8, and adsorbs and removes the adsorbed substance by the adsorbent 8. In the gas adsorption processing system, the adsorption detection material 1 is arranged in the gas that has passed through the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 or the gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8. Means for determining the replacement time of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 by detecting the breakthrough state of the adsorbent 8 using the adsorption amount detection device A according to any one of claims 1 to 6. It is characterized by.

  In the breakthrough detection method according to claim 7 and the breakthrough detection apparatus according to claim 8, the adsorption detection material 1 of the adsorption amount detection device A is also adsorbed when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed through the adsorption tower 9 reaches a predetermined level. The weight of the adsorbent 8 can be detected by adsorbing the substance and the breakthrough of the adsorbent 8 can be detected, and the replacement time of the adsorbent 8 can be automatically detected. As a result, the adsorbent 8 is not wasted and discarded. Since no breakthrough of 8 occurs, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the release of the adsorbed substance which is a harmful substance. Furthermore, it is possible to detect the replacement time accurately and at low cost without periodically sampling and analyzing the outlet gas.

  The adsorbing amount detection device of the present invention is quantitatively measured without an abrupt change in position due to an increase in weight as in an ordinary balance because the position of the adsorbing detection material continuously changes in response to a change in weight. The weight can be detected, and the amount of adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material can be easily and accurately detected using a balance.

  The breakthrough detection method and breakthrough detection device of the gas adsorption processing system of the present invention can automatically detect the replacement time of the adsorbent when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed through the adsorption tower reaches a predetermined level. As a result, the adsorbent is not wasted, and breakthrough of the adsorbent does not occur. Therefore, the adsorbent, which is a harmful substance, can be prevented from being released as much as possible. There is an effect that the replacement time can be detected accurately and at a low cost without performing periodic sampling and analysis.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a gas adsorption processing system provided with a breakthrough detection device B, and FIG. 2 shows an adsorption amount detection device A provided inside the breakthrough detection device B. In the gas adsorption processing system of this example, digestion gas containing a substance to be adsorbed is processed by the adsorption tower 9. The digestion gas is, for example, a biogas of 65% methane and 35% CO ₂ , and the adsorbed substance contained in the digestion gas is an organic polysiloxane such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. This kind of adsorbed substance is harmful to gas engines and steam boilers, and adsorbed substances are adsorbed and removed using the adsorbent 8 packed in the adsorption tower 9.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, in the adsorption tower 9, an upper cylindrical portion 9A into which the adsorbent 8 is introduced from the upper end and a lower conical portion 9B from which the adsorbent 8 is taken out from the lower end are integrally configured. . The inner diameter of the upper cylindrical portion 9A is, for example, 0.34 m, and a heat insulating material is applied to the entire outer surface of the adsorption tower 9. Digestion gas is introduced into the gas inlet 11 on the side wall of the lower cone portion 9B of the adsorption tower 9 from the inlet-side path 10, and the adsorbed substance in the gas is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 8. The adsorbent 8 is, for example, granular coconut shell activated carbon 8a having a particle size of 6 mesh to 12 mesh, the packing density is, for example, 0.42 g / cc, and the cylindrical portion packing height of the adsorption tower 9 is, for example, 1.0 m. An octamethylcyclotetrasilokine san having an equilibrium adsorption amount of about 5% at a concentration of 0.1 mg / m ³ is used. The filling amount of the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 is, for example, 48 kg (including activated carbon filled in the lower cone portion 9B of the adsorption tower 9), and the filling volume is, for example, 114 liters. The gas after the substance to be adsorbed is removed is discharged from the gas outlet 12 at the top of the adsorption tower 9 to the outlet side path 13.

The inlet side path 10 and the outlet side path 13 are bypass-connected via a bypass line 14. Bypass line 14 is a pipe for bypassing the adsorption vessel 15 digestion gas when replacing the activated carbon 8a, during replacement of the activated carbon 8a of the adsorption tower 9, the valve V ₁ of the inlet-side passage 10 and the outlet passage 13 close the valve V _2, by opening the bypass valve V _3, V _4, and performs gas treatment at a small activated carbon 8a adsorption vessel 15 provided in the bypass line 14. The filling capacity of the activated carbon in the adsorption container 15 is, for example, 10 liters.

  A filter 16 and a differential pressure gauge 17 are provided in parallel downstream from the bypass point P (FIG. 1) of the outlet side path 13. The filter 16 is for preventing part of the powdered activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 from flowing downstream, and the differential pressure gauge 17 is for determining the replacement time of the filter 16.

One end side of a take-out path 18 which is a pipe for taking out gas from the middle part of the adsorption column 8 filled with the adsorbent 8 is introduced into the adsorption tower 9, and the other end side of the take-out path 18 is the outlet side path 13. It is communicated at a location upstream of the valve V ₂ on. A breakthrough detection device B is arranged in the middle of the take-out path 18, and the gas inlet 6 and the gas outlet 19 of the breakthrough detection apparatus B communicate with the take-out path 18. The position at which the gas is taken out from the adsorption tower 9 to the take-out path 18 is desirably 70% to 95% from the lower end when the filling height of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is 100%. The amount of gas taken out from the take-out path 18 is preferably 10% or less of the total amount of gas. Valves Vx and Vy are provided in the take-out path 18 before and after the breakthrough detector B, and the valves Vx and Vy are closed when the adsorption detection material 1 described later is replaced. In the case of this example, the gas is taken out from the middle part of the adsorption tower 9 filled with the adsorbent 8 through the take-out path 18 and passed through the breakthrough detector B. A breakthrough detector B may be provided in the middle, and the gas taken out from the upper end of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 may be passed through the breakthrough detector B.

  The detection container 20 of the breakthrough detection device B is provided with a gas inlet 6 and a gas outlet 19, and the adsorption amount detection device A is provided in the detection container 20. The adsorption amount detection device A is mainly composed of a balance 2, and the balance 2 can detect an adsorption amount of a substance to be adsorbed to the adsorption detection material 1. The adsorption detecting material 1 is formed by incorporating activated carbon as an adsorbing material in a breathable case 1a made of a metal mesh or the like. The activated carbon as the adsorbent of the adsorption detection material 1 may be the same as or different from the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9. However, as the activated carbon of the adsorption detection material 1, it is desirable to select one that can adsorb the adsorbed substance with a lower concentration than the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9.

  A support bar 21 is suspended downward from the center of the upper lid 20a of the detection container 20, and the center part of the basket 3 of the balance 2 is rotatably supported on the lower end part of the support bar 21. A bearing 22 such as a ball bearing serving as a fulcrum S for the rotation of the flange 3 is attached to the lower end of the support bar 21, and a horizontal shaft 23 provided at the center of the flange 3 is rotatably supported by the bearing 22. It is. An adsorption detecting material 1 is attached to one end of the rod 3, and a weight 4 that balances the adsorption detecting material 1 is attached to the other end of the rod 3. The suction detection material 1 and the weight 4 are not hung so as to be hung from the rod 3 when the adsorption detection material 1 or the weight 4 is mounted on the rod 3, but are hung so that the upper ends of the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 are rigidly joined to the rod 3.

  A weight holding portion 24 that holds the weight 5 when a minute weight 5 is added is provided in the vicinity of the portion where the weight 4 at the other end of the collar 3 is attached. The weight holding portion 24 includes a bottom wall 24a and a weight fall prevention side wall 24b erected around the bottom wall 24a. A cutout portion 25 is provided at the center of the bottom wall 24a. The weight 5 held on the weight holding portion 24 is formed in an annular shape like a washer. In FIG. 2, for convenience of illustration, the distance between the weight 4 and the minute weight 5 held by the weight holding unit 24 is illustrated as being open, but the distance between the weight 5 and the weight 4 is from the horizontal axis 23 to the weight 4. The distance is sufficiently smaller than the distance.

  In addition, the adsorption detection material 1 is opposed to the opening of the gas inlet 6 of the detection container 20 in a state where the rod 3 is substantially horizontal, and the adsorption detection material 1 is flat and has high air permeability. The surface of the adsorption detection material 1 is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the gas inlet 6. The area of the adsorption detection material 1 is sufficiently larger than the opening of the gas inlet 6, and the adsorption detection material 1 substantially covers the entire opening.

  An optical sensor 7 serving as a detecting means for detecting the position of one end side of the collar 3 is provided above one end of the collar 3, and the optical sensor 7 includes a light projecting unit 7 a and a light receiving unit 7 b. A shield plate 26 that blocks light irradiated from the light projecting unit 7a to the light receiving unit 7b by being positioned between the light projecting unit 7a and the light receiving unit 7b of the optical sensor 7 is provided at one end of the ridge 3. The optical sensor 7 is connected to the control unit 28 via the optical fiber 27. When the light receiving unit 7b receives the light from the light projecting unit 7a, the lamp 29 is turned on, and the light from the light projecting unit 7a is received by the light receiving unit 7b. When not, the lamp 29 is turned off. An optical fiber 27 is connected to an optical fiber connection terminal 33 at the lid 20 a portion of the detection container 20.

  The optical sensor 7 is suspended by a vertical height adjusting mechanism C provided on the lid 20a, so that the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 can be adjusted. In the case of this example, the vertical height adjusting mechanism C is formed by the micrometer head 30, and by rotating the operation knob 30a, the shaft 30b moves up and down so that the optical sensor 7 moves up and down. Yes.

  Further, the minute weight 5 to be added can be placed on and held on the weight holding portion 24, or can be lowered from the weight holding portion 24. The operation of putting on and off the weight 5 is provided on the lid 20a. The vertical movement mechanism D is used. In this example, the vertical movement mechanism D is formed by a micrometer head 31. By rotating the operation knob 31a, the weight lift member 32 provided at the lower end of the shaft 31b moves up and down together with the shaft 31b. It is like that. The weight lift member 32 includes a horizontal piece 32a and a vertical bar 32b erected perpendicularly to the horizontal piece 32a, and the vertical bar 32b is inserted into a hole of the annular weight 5. When the weight lift member 32 is lowered from the state where the weight 5 is placed on the weight lift member 32, the weight 5 is placed on the weight holding portion 24 as shown in FIG. 4A, and when the weight lift member 32 is raised, the weight 5 is The weight 5 is lifted by the weight lifting member 32 and the weight 5 is lowered from the weight holding portion 24.

  When the gas adsorption treatment system is used to remove the substance to be adsorbed from the digestion gas, the gas is sent from the inlet side path 10 to the adsorption tower 9, and the substance to be adsorbed is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8. Gas is taken out from the outlet side passage 13. When this process is started, the adsorption amount detection device A of the breakthrough detection device B is set as follows. Set the adsorption detection material 1 with fresh activated carbon inside and adjust the position of the optical sensor 7 up and down with the vertical height adjustment mechanism C with the balance between the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 It is set to a position where 29 is turned on from a state where the light is turned off. When the gas that has passed through the activated carbon 8a is passed through the take-out path 18 from this state, the gas enters the detection container 20 from the gas inlet 6, passes through the adsorption detection material 1 and the detection container 20, and exits from the gas outlet 19. go. In this state, gas is passed through the detection container 20 for several hours. As a result, the moisture of the gas and the moisture of the adsorption detection material 1 can be balanced. In this state, the vertical height adjustment mechanism C adjusts the position of the optical sensor 7 up and down to light the lamp 29 again. Then, the weight 5 is added by lowering the minute weight 5 by the vertical movement mechanism D and placing it on the weight holding portion 24. The weight 5 is a weight corresponding to a weight increased by a predetermined weight after the adsorption detecting material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed. By adding the weight 5 in this way, one end side of the basket 3 moves upward, and the lamp 29 is turned off.

  From this state, the state of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is monitored, and when the activated carbon 8a enters a breakthrough state, it is detected. When the adsorption amount of the adsorbed substance on the activated carbon 8a increases and approaches a breakthrough state, the concentration of the adsorbed substance in the gas taken out from the extraction path 18 increases, and the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs and adsorbs the adsorbed substance. The weight of the detection material 1 increases. When the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 reaches a predetermined weight, the light sensor 7 detects and the lamp 29 is turned on. Thereby, breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 is detected. As a result, it is possible to automatically detect an appropriate replacement time of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8, and as a result, the activated carbon 8a is not wasted and the breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a does not occur. Can be prevented as much as possible. Furthermore, the replacement time can be detected accurately and at low cost without performing periodic sampling and analysis of the output gas.

  Further, in the adsorption amount detection device A, when the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed and the weight increases, the adsorption detection material 1 is lowered, but the upper end of the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 5 are rigidly coupled to the flange 3. Therefore, when the adsorption detection material 1 is rotated by a small angle in the direction of lowering, the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum S of the balance 3 of the balance 2 and the gravity center of the adsorption detection material 1 is small. On the contrary, since the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum of the heel 3 and the center of gravity of the weight 4 is slightly increased, it can be balanced by a minute change in position. Thereby, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes corresponding to the minute weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1. As a result, the weight can be detected quantitatively without a sudden change in position due to an increase in weight as in a normal balance. Thereby, the adsorption amount of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material 1 can be detected easily and accurately using the balance 1. At this time, since the horizontal shaft 23 of the balance 3 of the balance 2 is supported by the bearing 22, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 does not change suddenly even if it receives rotational resistance from the bearing 22.

  Moreover, in the said adsorption amount detection apparatus A, the position of the adsorption | suction detection material 1 does not change suddenly by weight increase as mentioned above, and the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 as a detection means can be adjusted with the vertical height adjustment mechanism C. Therefore, the position of the optical sensor 7 can be easily adjusted in accordance with the position of the adsorption detection material 1. That is, in order to balance the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 and accurately set the vertical position of the adsorption detection material 1 with respect to the position of the detection means, it is necessary to adjust the weight strictly. Since the position of the sensor 7 can be adjusted by the vertical height adjustment mechanism C, the position of the optical sensor 7 can be adjusted to the adsorption detection material 1 without strictly balancing the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4. Since the strictness of balancing the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 is relaxed, the operation is greatly facilitated. In addition, even if the balance is lost due to moisture in the air during work, readjustment is possible. This is especially effective when it rains. In addition, after the start of use, when moisture adsorbed by the adsorption detection material 1 may be desorbed and the balance may be slightly lost, it is possible to readjust from the outside at the initial stage of use when the desorption of moisture is completed. Become.

  Further, as described above, since the vertical movement mechanism D can add the minute weight 5 in addition to the weight 4 from the outside, the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 is adjusted to the vertical height adjustment mechanism C. After the balance is readjusted by adding a minute weight 5 with a known weight, the balance is slightly shifted by this minute weight, and the adsorbed substance of the adsorption detecting material 1 on which the optical sensor 7 operates. Can be set to this minute weight.

  Further, the additional weight 5 can be easily added by moving the lift member 32 up and down by the vertical movement transfer mechanism D as described above and placing it on the weight holding portion 24 or lowering it from the weight holding portion 24. .

  Further, since the micrometer head 30 is used as the height adjusting mechanism C, it is possible to easily finely adjust the vertical direction of the optical sensor 7 as the detecting means and to adjust the vertical position accurately. Further, since the micrometer head 31 is used as the vertical movement mechanism D that can add the minute weight 5 to the weight 4 from the outside, the operation of adding the weight 5 can be easily performed and the operation can be performed with high accuracy. Further, since the micrometer head 30 is used as the vertical height adjusting mechanism C, the setting of the weight increase of the adsorption detecting material 1 for turning on the lamp 29 by the adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed is set beforehand. The relationship between the rotation angle of the operation knob 30 a and the weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1 can be obtained and can be determined by the rotation angle of the operation knob 30 a of the micrometer head 30.

  The shape of the adsorption detection material 1 is flat as described above and has high air permeability, and the surface of the adsorption detection material 1 is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet 6. It is preferable that the adsorption detection material 1 substantially covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6. In this case, the rate at which the gas flows through the adsorption detection material 1 is high, the substance to be adsorbed in the gas can be adsorbed efficiently, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 can be increased. As a result, it can be efficiently detected when automatically detecting that the outlet concentration of the substance to be adsorbed from the adsorption tower 9 has reached a predetermined level.

  Further, by attaching the upper end of the adsorption detecting material 1 and the upper end of the weight 4 to the eaves 3 of the balance 2 by rigid coupling to the eaves 3, the adsorption detecting material 1 is continuously proportionally proportional to the increase in the weight of the adsorption detecting material 1. However, when the adsorption detection material 1 is fixed to the eaves 3 so that the direction of the adsorption detection material 1 does not change in this way, the surface of the adsorption detection material 1 becomes the surface of the gas inlet 6. The state in which the adsorption detection material 1 covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6 can be maintained at all times while being substantially perpendicular to the gas flow in the opening. In addition, since the weight 4 is fixed to the flange 3, it is possible to prevent the weight 4 from being shaken by the gas flow, so that malfunctions can be reduced.

When the breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 is detected, the valves V ₁ and V ₂ are closed, the valves V ₃ and V ₄ are opened, and a gas flows through the bypass line 14. New activated carbon 8a opens the valve V ₇ with activated carbon 8a is withdrawn from the adsorption tower 9 by opening the valve V ₆ in this state is turned on. After exchanging the activated carbon 8a, the valves V ₁ and V ₈ are opened to purge the adsorption tower 9 with digestion gas.

  Next, another example of a mechanism in which the position of the adsorption detection material 1 correspondingly changes continuously as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases will be described. In the example of FIG. 5, the adsorption detection material 1 is attached to one end of the cage 3 of the balance 2, and a spring 35 is connected to the other end of the cage 3, and the spring 35 resists the weight of the adsorption detection material 1. It is energized in the direction to do. In this case, the adsorption detection material 1 does not need to be rigidly joined to the flange 3 and may be mounted so as to hang the adsorption detection material 1. Even when the spring 35 is pulled instead of the weight 4 as described above, the spring 35 extends in accordance with the increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material 1, and the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes in proportion to the increase in weight. In the example of FIG. 6, a fluid pressure cylinder device 36 is used instead of the spring 35, and similarly to the spring 35, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes in proportion to the increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material 1. It is supposed to be.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
Example 1
The test was conducted under the following conditions using the breakthrough detector of the gas adsorption processing system shown in FIGS.

Biogas (65% methane, 35% CO ₂₎ as “digestion gas” (for example, sludge that is a solid residue contained in domestic sewage or food factory effluent, etc. is anaerobically fermented by anaerobic bacteria. Digestion gas containing the resulting siloxane compound) was used. The digested gas after the treatment was used as fuel for a once-through steam boiler and a gas engine generator.

The “adsorbed substance” contained in the digestion gas is octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (boiling point 175 ° C., a kind of silicon oil, the concentration in the gas is 5 mg / m ³ , the gas flow rate per unit time is 44 m ³ / h, 30 The relative humidity was 40% or less throughout the year.

The “adsorbent 8” for adsorbing and removing the adsorbed substance is a granular coconut shell activated carbon 8a having a particle size of 6 to 12 mesh, the packing density is 0.42 g / cc, and the cylinder section packing height 1 is 1 Equilibrium adsorption amounts of 0.0m and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane concentrations of 5 mg / m ³ and 0.1 mg / m ³ are about 30% and about 5%, respectively.

  The weight 4 and the adsorption detection material 1 are fixed to the cage 3 of the balance 2 by a breakthrough detection device shown in FIG. The weight of the weight 4 at this time was 14.7 g, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 was 14.7 g. As the activated carbon incorporated in the adsorption detection material 1, the same activated carbon as the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 was used. Further, the adsorption detecting material 1 is 14.7 g, and the weight of the activated carbon is 10.0 g (weight when dried at 120 ° C. for 2 hours with a hot air dryer). The distance between the weight 4 and the portion on which the minute weight 5 to be added later is placed is sufficiently smaller than the distance from the horizontal shaft 23 to the weight 4.

  After fixing the adsorption detecting material 1 (weight was measured to be 10.6 g when the weight was measured) left in the atmosphere with a humidity of about 60% for several hours as described above, the height was measured. The light sensor 7 was raised little by little by the micrometer head 30 of the adjustment mechanism C, and the position of the adsorption detection material 1 was set to the point where the lamp 29 of the breakthrough detection device B just changed from the off state to the on state.

In FIG. 1, a test was performed in which the valves V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₅ , Vx, and Vy were opened to perform an adsorption process. After starting this test, the lamp 29 turned off after a while. Furthermore, when the test was continued for about 5 hours, the test was stopped. In this state, when the operation knob 30a of the macrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated and the position where the lamp 29 is lit again is measured, the deviation in the rotation angle and the resistance of the bearing 22 is about 0.1 g. In consideration of the fact, it was found that the weight reduction amount of the adsorption detection material 1 is about 5%. When the adsorption detection material 1 was taken out and weighed, the weight of the activated carbon was 10.1 g, confirming a 5% decrease. This shows that a weight of 10.1 g of activated carbon adsorbs moisture corresponding to a moisture adsorption rate of 1% of digestion gas with a humidity of 40%, and the weight due to moisture adsorption even after the subsequent test is continued. It turned out that there was no increase. FIG. 7 shows a change in weight of the activated carbon in this example.

By this test, when a certain time has elapsed after the test is started, the operation knob 30a of the macrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated to reset the position of the adsorption detection material 1, thereby absorbing moisture in the atmosphere. It was found that the influence of can be eliminated.
(Example 2)
After starting the test under the same conditions as in Example 1, the following work was performed after 5 hours. The operation knob 30a of the micrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C was rotated very little by little, and the position was reset to the point where the lamp 29 of the breakthrough detection device C just changed from the unlit state to the lit state.

  Next, the operation knob 31a of the micrometer head 31 of the vertical movement mechanism D is rotated, and the weight on the weight 4 side is increased by placing the minute weight 5 (using a 0.5 g stainless steel washer) on the weight holding portion 24, The balance was shifted by this amount. By this operation, the lamp 29 was turned off.

  After the above operation, the test for adsorption treatment was resumed. As a result, the lamp 29 was turned on after 310 days. In this state, when the operation knob 30a of the micrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated and the position where the lamp 29 is turned off is searched again, the weight of the activated carbon of the adsorption detection material 1 increases from the rotation angle of the operation knob 30a. Was found to be around 6%. When the adsorption detection material 1 was taken out and measured for weight, the weight of the activated carbon was 10.7 g, and a weight increase of 0.6 g (6%) from the above resetting was confirmed. From the above results, it was proved that the change in the weight of the activated carbon that turns on the lamp 29 can be arbitrarily set by changing the weight of the minute weight 5.

It is a schematic block diagram of the breakthrough detection apparatus of the gas adsorption processing system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of a breakthrough detection apparatus same as the above and an internal adsorption amount detection apparatus. It is XX 'sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY ′ of FIG. 2, in which (a) shows a state where a minute weight is placed on the weight holding portion, and (b) shows a state where a minute weight is not placed on the weight holding portion. It is the schematic of the other example of the adsorption amount detection apparatus same as the above. It is the schematic of the other example of the adsorption amount detection apparatus same as the above. It is explanatory drawing explaining the weight change by moisture absorption of the activated carbon of Example 1 same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

1 Adsorption detection material
2 Balance 3 ４ 4 Weight 5 Minute Weight 6 Gas Inlet 7 Optical Sensor 7a Light Emitting Part 7b Light Receiving Part 8 Adsorbent 9 Adsorption Tower

Claims (8)

The increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material is detected by converting the weight increase due to the adsorption of the adsorption material of the adsorption detection material disposed in the gas containing the adsorption material into the position change of the adsorption detection material, and detecting the position change. An adsorption amount detection device for judging the size, wherein the mechanism for changing the position of the adsorption detection material is a balance, and the balance holds the adsorption detection material on one end of the balance, and the weight of the adsorption detection material An adsorption amount detection device comprising a mechanism for changing the position of the adsorption detection material as it increases and continuously changing the position of the adsorption detection material in response to an increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material. 2. The adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the adsorption detecting material is connected to one end of the balance rod by a rigid connection, and the upper end of a weight that balances the adsorption detecting material is connected to the other end of the balance by a rigid connection. Quantity detection device. The adsorption amount detection according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adsorption detection material is set so that a change in the position of the adsorption detection material can be detected when a predetermined weight increase value is reached. apparatus. The balance includes a device that can be initially set so that the weight is balanced in a state where a change in the position of the suction detection material is detected, and the weight detection material is set to the weight after the initial setting in the device. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 2, further comprising a device capable of adding a weight corresponding to the increased weight. The adsorption detection material is flat and has high air permeability, the surface of the adsorption detection material is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet, and the adsorption detection material is a gas. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption amount detection device substantially covers the entire opening of the inlet. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, wherein a change in the position of the adsorption detection material is detected by an optical sensor including a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit. In a gas adsorption processing system in which a gas containing an adsorbed material is processed by an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the adsorbed material is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent, it exits through a portion of the adsorbent tower filled with the adsorbent. The adsorbent breakthrough state is detected using the adsorption amount detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the adsorption detection material is arranged in the gas or gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent. A method for detecting breakthrough in a gas adsorption system, wherein the time for replacement of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is determined by detection. In a gas adsorption processing system in which a gas containing an adsorbed material is processed by an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the adsorbed material is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent, it exits through a portion of the adsorbent tower filled with the adsorbent. The adsorbent breakthrough state is detected using the adsorption amount detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the adsorption detection material is arranged in the gas or gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent. A breakthrough detection device for a gas adsorption system, comprising means for determining an exchange time of an adsorbent in an adsorption tower by detection.

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