JP3896129B2 - Adsorption amount detection device, breakthrough detection method and breakthrough detection device for gas adsorption system using the same - Google Patents

Adsorption amount detection device, breakthrough detection method and breakthrough detection device for gas adsorption system using the same Download PDF

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JP3896129B2
JP3896129B2 JP2004241493A JP2004241493A JP3896129B2 JP 3896129 B2 JP3896129 B2 JP 3896129B2 JP 2004241493 A JP2004241493 A JP 2004241493A JP 2004241493 A JP2004241493 A JP 2004241493A JP 3896129 B2 JP3896129 B2 JP 3896129B2
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聡一郎 辻本
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ガスに含まれている有害物質等の被吸着物質を吸着したときの吸着量を検知する吸着量検知装置、この吸着量検知装置を用いたガス吸着処理システムの破過検知方法及び破過検知装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an adsorption amount detection device that detects an adsorption amount when an adsorbed substance such as a toxic substance contained in a gas is adsorbed, a breakthrough detection method for a gas adsorption processing system using the adsorption amount detection device, and The present invention relates to a breakthrough detection device.

一般に、下水処理施設では集積した下水を濃縮処理して各種有機物を含有する汚泥を得て、これを微生物の作用により嫌気性消化する。この過程で得られたメタンを主とする可燃性の消化ガス（バイオガス）を、ガスエンジンや貫流式蒸気ボイラー等の燃料に供して電力や蒸気を得る方式が地球環境問題への対応の手段の一つとして主流になりつつある。   In general, in a sewage treatment facility, accumulated sewage is concentrated to obtain sludge containing various organic substances, which is anaerobically digested by the action of microorganisms. Combustion digestion gas (biogas) mainly composed of methane obtained in this process is used as fuel for gas engines, once-through steam boilers, etc. to obtain electricity and steam. Is becoming mainstream.

上記消化ガス中には有害物質が含有されており、これを除去するために、従来、活性炭を用いて吸着除去処理するガス吸着処理システムが知られている。この活性炭の処理量は決まっており、処理量を越えると活性炭の吸着作用が著しく低下する破過状態となる。そこで従来は、吸着塔からの被吸着物質（有害物質）の出口濃度に関係なく、一定の期間が経過したときに活性炭を交換していた。この方法では、消化ガス中の被吸着物質の濃度及び単位時間当たりのガス流量が時間的に変動する場合、交換時期が適切でなくなる。つまり、消化ガス中の被吸着物質の濃度及びガス流量が低下している場合は交換時期が早過ぎて、無駄に活性炭を廃棄してしまうという問題があり、一方、消化ガス中の被吸着物質の濃度及びガス流量がそれぞれ上昇している場合は交換時期が遅過ぎて吸着材の破過を招き、被吸着物質が放出されるという問題がある。   Hazardous substances are contained in the digestion gas, and in order to remove this, gas adsorption treatment systems that perform adsorption removal treatment using activated carbon are conventionally known. The treatment amount of the activated carbon is determined, and when the treatment amount is exceeded, a breakthrough state in which the adsorption action of the activated carbon is remarkably reduced is obtained. Therefore, conventionally, the activated carbon is replaced when a certain period of time elapses regardless of the outlet concentration of the adsorbed substance (hazardous substance) from the adsorption tower. In this method, when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed in the digestion gas and the gas flow rate per unit time fluctuate with time, the replacement time is not appropriate. In other words, if the concentration of the adsorbed substance in the digestion gas and the gas flow rate are low, the replacement time is too early, and there is a problem that the activated carbon is discarded wastefully, while the adsorbed substance in the digestion gas When the concentration and the gas flow rate of each gas are increasing, there is a problem that the replacement time is too late, leading to breakthrough of the adsorbent and releasing the adsorbed substance.

そこで、他の従来例として、吸着塔の出口ガスを定期的にサンプリングして被吸着物質の濃度分析を行ない、所定の出口濃度になるタイミングを決定する方法も知られている（例えば特許文献１参照）。
特開平６−５０８５５号公報 Therefore, as another conventional example, a method is also known in which the outlet gas of the adsorption tower is periodically sampled to analyze the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed to determine the timing when the predetermined outlet concentration is reached (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
JP-A-6-50855

ところが、上記方法では、定期的なサンプリング及び分析が必要になり、人手による複雑な作業となるため、費用がかかるという問題があった。   However, in the above method, periodic sampling and analysis are required, and it is a complicated manual operation. Therefore, there is a problem that it is expensive.

本発明は上記の従来の問題点に鑑みて発明したものであって、被吸着物質の吸着検知材への吸着量を天秤で検知できて簡単且つ正確に検知でき、しかも天秤で検知するものでも吸着検知材への被吸着物質の吸着による重量増加を定量的に検知できる吸着量検知装置を提供するにあり、また吸着塔の吸着材の破過を自動的に検知して吸着材の交換時期を適切なものとすることができ、無駄に吸着材を廃棄してしまうことがなく、吸着材の破過も発生しないために被吸着物質が放出されるのを極力防止できるガス吸着処理システムの破過検知方法及びその装置を提供することを課題とするものである。   The present invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the amount of adsorption of a substance to be adsorbed on an adsorption detection material can be detected with a balance and can be detected easily and accurately, and even with a balance. In order to provide an adsorption amount detection device that can quantitatively detect the weight increase due to adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material, it is also possible to automatically detect breakthrough of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower and replace the adsorbent Of the gas adsorption processing system that can prevent the adsorbed material from being released as much as possible because the adsorbent is not wasted and the breakthrough of the adsorbent does not occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a breakthrough detection method and an apparatus therefor.

上記課題を解決するために本発明の請求項１の吸着量検知装置Ａは、被吸着物質を含有したガス中に配置された吸着検知材１の被吸着物質の吸着による重量増加を吸着検知材１の位置変化に変換し、前記位置変化を検知することによって吸着検知材１の重量増加の大きさを判断する吸着量検知装置であって、前記吸着検知材１の位置を変化させる機構は天秤２であり、天秤２はその天秤２の棹３の一端に吸着検知材１の上端を剛結合で連結すると共に天秤２の棹３の他端に吸着検知材１と釣り合う重り４の上端を剛結合で連結し、前記吸着検知材１の重量増加に伴なって吸着検知材１の位置が変化すると共に前記吸着検知材１の重量増加に対応して吸着検知材１の位置が連続的に変化する機構を具備したことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, an adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured to detect an increase in weight due to adsorption of a substance to be adsorbed in an adsorption detection material 1 arranged in a gas containing the substance to be adsorbed. 1 is an adsorption amount detection device that converts the position change to 1 and detects the amount of weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1 by detecting the position change, and a mechanism for changing the position of the adsorption detection material 1 is a balance. The balance 2 has the upper end of the adsorption detection material 1 connected to one end of the basket 3 of the balance 2 by a rigid connection, and the upper end of the weight 4 that balances the adsorption detection material 1 to the other end of the balance 3 of the balance 2. connected by coupling, the position is continuously changed in the suction detecting material suction detecting member 1 corresponding to the weight increase of 1 together with the position of the suction detecting material suction detecting member 1 is accompanied to the weight gain of 1 is changed It is characterized by having a mechanism to perform.

上記のような構成によれば、天秤２の棹３が水平になるようにバランスを採った状態から吸着検知材１がガスに含まれる被吸着物質を吸着検知材１に吸着して重量増加すると、重り４が上がり且つ吸着検知材１が下がるように回転するが、このとき天秤２の支点Ｓと吸着検知材１の重心との間の有効距離（有効な腕の長さ）が僅かに小さくなり、逆に天秤２の支点Ｓと重り４の重心との間の有効距離（有効な腕の長さ）が僅かに大きくなるため、位置の変化でバランスできる。従って吸着検知材１の重量増加に伴なって吸着検知材１の位置が重量変化に対応して連続的に変化するが、吸着検知材１が重量変化に対応してその位置が連続的に変化することで通常の天秤２のように重量増加にて急激に位置が変化することなく定量的に重量を検知できる。これにより吸着検知材１の被吸着物質の吸着量を天秤２を用いて簡単且つ正確に検知でき、また、吸着検知材１の重量増加に伴なって吸着検知材１の位置が対応して連続的に変化する機構を容易に実現できる。 According to the above configuration, when the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed contained in the gas to the adsorption detection material 1 and increases its weight from a state where the balance 3 of the balance 2 is horizontal. The weight 4 is raised and the adsorption detection material 1 is rotated so that the adsorption detection material 1 is lowered. At this time, the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum S of the balance 2 and the gravity center of the adsorption detection material 1 is slightly small. On the contrary, since the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum S of the balance 2 and the center of gravity of the weight 4 is slightly increased, the balance can be achieved by changing the position. Therefore, as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes corresponding to the weight change, but the position of the adsorption detection material 1 changes continuously corresponding to the weight change. By doing so, the weight can be detected quantitatively without a sudden change in position due to an increase in weight as in the case of the ordinary balance 2. As a result, the adsorption amount of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material 1 can be detected easily and accurately using the balance 2, and the position of the adsorption detection material 1 correspondingly increases as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases. Can be realized easily.

また本発明の請求項２の吸着量検知装置Ａは、請求項１において、吸着検知材１が予め設定した重量の増加の値となったときに吸着検知材１の位置の変化が検知できるように設定してあることを特徴とする。吸着検知材１が被吸着物質を所定量吸着して所定の重量になって所定の位置まで吸着検知材１の位置が変化したとき検知手段で検知される。 The adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 2 of the present invention can detect a change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 in claim 1 when the adsorption detection material 1 reaches a preset weight increase value. It is characterized by being set to. The adsorbing detection material 1 adsorbs a predetermined amount of the substance to be adsorbed, reaches a predetermined weight, and detects when the position of the adsorption detection material 1 changes to a predetermined position.

また本発明の請求項３の吸着量検知装置Ａは、請求項１において、前記天秤２は、吸着検知材１の位置変化が検知される状態で前記重り４が釣り合うように初期設定することが可能な装置を備えており、その装置で初期設定後に前記重り４に前記吸着検知材１の設定した重量増加に相当する増加分の重り５を追加できる装置を具備したことを特徴とする。重り４と吸着検知材１とが釣り合う位置で検知手段が吸着検知材１を検知した状態で、重量増加分の重り５を追加して検知手段が吸着検知材１を検知しない位置に移動させ、吸着検知材１が被吸着物質を吸着して所定の重量になったとき、再び検知手段が吸着検知材１を検知したとき吸着検知材１が所定の被吸着物質を吸着したことが検知される。 In addition, the adsorption amount detection device A according to claim 3 of the present invention may be configured such that, in claim 1 , the balance 2 is initially set so that the weight 4 is balanced in a state where a change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 is detected. And a device capable of adding an additional weight 5 corresponding to the weight increase set by the adsorption detection material 1 to the weight 4 after the initial setting. In a state where the detection means detects the adsorption detection material 1 at a position where the weight 4 and the adsorption detection material 1 are balanced, the weight 5 corresponding to the weight increase is added and moved to a position where the detection means does not detect the adsorption detection material 1. When the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed and reaches a predetermined weight, when the detection means detects the adsorption detection material 1 again, it is detected that the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the predetermined adsorption material. .

また本発明の請求項４の吸着量検知装置Ａは、請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかにおいて、吸着検知材１が偏平であって高い通気性を有しており、且つ前記吸着検知材１の表面がガス入口６の開口部でのガスの流れに実質的に垂直であり、且つ前記吸着検知材１がガス入口６の開口部全体を実質的に覆っていることを特徴とする。この場合、ガスが吸着検知材１を貫流する割合が高く、ガス中の被吸着物質を効率よく吸着し、速やかに吸着検知材１の重量を増加することができる。ガス中の被吸着物質の濃度を効率よく検知できる。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorption amount detection apparatus A according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the adsorption detection material 1 is flat and has high air permeability, and the adsorption detection material. 1 surface is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet 6, and the adsorption detecting material 1 substantially covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6. In this case, the rate at which the gas flows through the adsorption detection material 1 is high, the substance to be adsorbed in the gas can be adsorbed efficiently, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 can be quickly increased. The concentration of the adsorbed substance in the gas can be detected efficiently.

また本発明の請求項５の吸着量検知装置Ａは、請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかにおいて、前記吸着検知材１の位置変化を、投光部７ａと受光部７ｂを備えた光センサー７で検出することを特徴とする。吸着検知材１の位置変化を光センサー７からなる検知手段により正確に検知できる。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorption amount detection device A according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 is detected by a light sensor having a light projecting portion 7a and a light receiving portion 7b. 7 is detected. A change in the position of the adsorption detection material 1 can be accurately detected by the detection means including the optical sensor 7.

また本発明の請求項６のガス吸着システムの破過検知方法は、被吸着物質を含有したガスを吸着材８を充填した吸着塔９により処理し、前記吸着材８により被吸着物質を吸着除去するガス吸着処理システムにおいて、吸着塔９の吸着材８の充填した部分を通って出たガス、または吸着材８を充填した部分の途中から取り出したガス中に吸着検知材１を配置した請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置Ａを用いて吸着材８の破過状態を検知することにより、吸着塔９の吸着材８の交換時期を決定することを特徴とする。 In the gas adsorption system breakthrough detection method according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a gas containing an adsorbed substance is treated by an adsorption tower 9 filled with an adsorbent 8, and the adsorbed substance 8 is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 8. In the gas adsorption processing system, the adsorption detection material 1 is arranged in the gas that has passed through the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 or the gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8. The replacement time of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is determined by detecting the breakthrough state of the adsorbent 8 using the adsorption amount detection device A according to any one of claims 1 to 5. .

また本発明の請求項７のガス吸着システムの破過検知装置は、被吸着物質を含有したガスを吸着材８を充填した吸着塔９により処理し、前記吸着材８により被吸着物質を吸着除去するガス吸着処理システムにおいて、吸着塔９の吸着材８の充填した部分を通って出たガス、または吸着材８を充填した部分の途中から取り出したガス中に吸着検知材１を配置した請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置Ａを用いて吸着材８の破過状態を検知することにより、吸着塔９の吸着材８の交換時期を決定する手段を具備したことを特徴とする。 The breakthrough detection device for a gas adsorption system according to claim 7 of the present invention treats a gas containing an adsorbed substance by an adsorbing tower 9 filled with an adsorbent 8, and adsorbs and removes the adsorbed substance by the adsorbent 8. In the gas adsorption processing system, the adsorption detection material 1 is arranged in the gas that has passed through the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 or the gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8. Means for determining the replacement time of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 by detecting the breakthrough state of the adsorbent 8 using the adsorption amount detection device A according to any one of claims 1 to 5. It is characterized by.

請求項６の破過検知方法や請求項７の破過検知装置では吸着塔９を通ったガスの被吸着物質の濃度が所定レベルになったら吸着量検知装置Ａの吸着検知材１も被吸着物質を吸着して重量が増して吸着材８の破過を検知できて吸着材８の交換時期を自動的に検知でき、結果、吸着材８を無駄に廃棄してしまうことがなく、吸着材８の破過も発生しないために有害物質である被吸着物質が放出されるのを極力防止できる。さらに出口ガスの定期的なサンプリングや分析を行なわずに交換時期を正確且つ低コストで検知可能となる。 In the breakthrough detection method according to claim 6 and the breakthrough detection apparatus according to claim 7 , when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed through the adsorption tower 9 reaches a predetermined level, the adsorption detection material 1 of the adsorption amount detection apparatus A is also adsorbed. The weight of the adsorbent 8 can be detected by adsorbing the substance and the breakthrough of the adsorbent 8 can be detected, and the replacement time of the adsorbent 8 can be automatically detected. As a result, the adsorbent 8 is not wasted and discarded. Since no breakthrough of 8 occurs, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the release of the adsorbed substance which is a harmful substance. Furthermore, it is possible to detect the replacement time accurately and at low cost without periodically sampling and analyzing the outlet gas.

本発明の吸着量検知装置は、吸着検知材が重量変化に対応してその位置が連続的に変化することで通常の天秤のように重量増加にて急激に位置が変化することなく定量的に重量を検知できるであって、吸着検知材の被吸着物質の吸着量を天秤を用いて簡単且つ正確に検知できるという効果がある。   The adsorbing amount detection device of the present invention is quantitatively measured without an abrupt change in position due to an increase in weight as in an ordinary balance because the position of the adsorbing detection material continuously changes in response to a change in weight. The weight can be detected, and the amount of adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material can be easily and accurately detected using a balance.

また本発明のガス吸着処理システムの破過検知方法や破過検知装置は、吸着塔を通ったガスの被吸着物質の濃度が所定レベルになったら吸着材の交換時期を自動的に検知でき、結果、吸着材を無駄に廃棄してしまうことがなく、吸着材の破過も発生しないために有害物質である被吸着物質が放出されるのを極力防止できるという効果があり、さらに出口ガスの定期的なサンプリングや分析を行なわずに交換時期を正確且つ低コストで検知可能となるという効果がある。   The breakthrough detection method and breakthrough detection device of the gas adsorption processing system of the present invention can automatically detect the replacement time of the adsorbent when the concentration of the substance to be adsorbed through the adsorption tower reaches a predetermined level. As a result, the adsorbent is not wasted, and breakthrough of the adsorbent does not occur. Therefore, the adsorbent, which is a harmful substance, can be prevented from being released as much as possible. There is an effect that the replacement time can be detected accurately and at a low cost without performing periodic sampling and analysis.

以下、本発明を添付図面に示す実施形態に基いて説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

図１は破過検知装置Ｂを備えたガス吸着処理システムの一例を示し、図２は破過検知装置Ｂの内部に備えた吸着量検知装置Ａを示している。本例のガス吸着処理システムは、被吸着物質を含有した消化ガスを吸着塔９により処理する。消化ガスは、例えばメタン６５％、ＣＯ２３５％のバイオガスであり、この消化ガスに含有される被吸着物質は、例えばオクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン等の有機ポリシロキサンである。この種の被吸着物質はガスエンジン、蒸気ボイラーに対して有害物質であり、上記吸着塔９に充填した吸着材８を用いて該吸着物質を吸着除去するのである。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a gas adsorption processing system provided with a breakthrough detection device B, and FIG. 2 shows an adsorption amount detection device A provided inside the breakthrough detection device B. In the gas adsorption processing system of this example, digestion gas containing a substance to be adsorbed is processed by the adsorption tower 9. The digestion gas is, for example, a biogas of 65% methane and 35% CO 2 , and the adsorbed substance contained in the digestion gas is an organic polysiloxane such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. This kind of adsorbed substance is harmful to gas engines and steam boilers, and adsorbed substances are adsorbed and removed using the adsorbent 8 packed in the adsorption tower 9.

ここで、吸着塔９は、図１に示すように、上端から吸着材８が投入される上部円筒部９Ａと、下端から吸着材８が取り出される下部円錐部９Ｂとが一体で構成されている。上部円筒部９Ａの内径は例えば０．３４ｍであり、吸着塔９の外面全体に保温材が施工されている。消化ガスは入口側経路１０から吸着塔９の下部円錐部９Ｂの側壁のガス入口１１に導入され、ガス中の被吸着物質が吸着材８にて吸着除去される。吸着材８は、例えば粒径６メッシュ〜１２メッシュの粒状椰子殻活性炭８ａであって、充填密度は例えば０．４２ｇ／ｃｃ、吸着塔９の円筒部充填高さは例えば１．０ｍであり、オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキンサンの濃度０．１ｍｇ／ｍ３レベルでの平衡吸着量が約５％のものが使用される。吸着塔９の活性炭８ａの充填量は例えば４８ｋｇ（吸着塔９の下部円錐部９Ｂに充填された活性炭を含む）、その充填容積は例えば１１４リットルとされる。被吸着物質が除去された後のガスは、吸着塔９の上部のガス出口１２から出口側経路１３へと排出されるようになっている。 Here, as shown in FIG. 1, in the adsorption tower 9, an upper cylindrical portion 9A into which the adsorbent 8 is introduced from the upper end and a lower conical portion 9B from which the adsorbent 8 is taken out from the lower end are integrally configured. . The inner diameter of the upper cylindrical portion 9A is, for example, 0.34 m, and a heat insulating material is applied to the entire outer surface of the adsorption tower 9. Digestion gas is introduced into the gas inlet 11 on the side wall of the lower cone portion 9B of the adsorption tower 9 from the inlet-side path 10, and the adsorbed substance in the gas is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 8. The adsorbent 8 is, for example, granular coconut shell activated carbon 8a having a particle size of 6 to 12 mesh, the packing density is 0.42 g / cc, for example, and the cylindrical portion packing height of the adsorption tower 9 is 1.0 m, for example. An octamethylcyclotetrasilokine san having an equilibrium adsorption amount of about 5% at a concentration of 0.1 mg / m 3 is used. The filling amount of the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 is, for example, 48 kg (including activated carbon filled in the lower cone portion 9B of the adsorption tower 9), and the filling volume is, for example, 114 liters. The gas after the substance to be adsorbed is removed is discharged from the gas outlet 12 at the top of the adsorption tower 9 to the outlet side path 13.

上記入口側経路１０と出口側経路１３とがバイパスライン１４を介してバイパス接続さている。バイパスライン１４は活性炭８ａの交換作業時に消化ガスを吸着容器１５にバイパスさせるための配管であり、吸着塔９の活性炭８ａの交換作業中は、入口側経路１０の弁Ｖ１と出口側経路１３の弁Ｖ２を閉じ、バイパス弁Ｖ３，Ｖ４を開くことで、バイパスライン１４に設けた小型の吸着容器１５内の活性炭８ａにてガス処理を行うものである。なお、吸着容器１５内の活性炭の充填容量は例えば１０リットルである。 The inlet side path 10 and the outlet side path 13 are bypass-connected via a bypass line 14. Bypass line 14 is a pipe for bypassing the adsorption vessel 15 digestion gas when replacing the activated carbon 8a, during replacement of the activated carbon 8a of the adsorption tower 9, the valve V 1 of the inlet-side passage 10 and the outlet passage 13 close the valve V 2, by opening the bypass valve V 3, V 4, and performs gas treatment at a small activated carbon 8a adsorption vessel 15 provided in the bypass line 14. The filling capacity of the activated carbon in the adsorption container 15 is, for example, 10 liters.

上記出口側経路１３のバイパス点Ｐ（図１）よりも下流には、フィルター１６及び差圧計１７とが並列に設けられている。フィルター１６は、吸着塔９内の粉化した活性炭８ａの一部が下流に流れないようにするためのもので、差圧計１７はフィルター１６の交換時期を判断するためのものである。   A filter 16 and a differential pressure gauge 17 are provided in parallel downstream from the bypass point P (FIG. 1) of the outlet side path 13. The filter 16 is for preventing part of the powdered activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 from flowing downstream, and the differential pressure gauge 17 is for determining the replacement time of the filter 16.

吸着塔９の吸着材８を充填した部分の中間部からガスを取り出す配管である取り出し経路１８の一端側は吸着塔９内に導入してあり、取り出し経路１８の他端側は出口側経路１３に弁Ｖ２より上流側の位置で連通させてある。そしてこの取り出し経路１８の途中には破過検知装置Ｂを配置してあり、破過検知装置Ｂのガス入口６とガス出口１９とが取り出し経路１８に連通させてある。吸着塔９から取り出し経路１８にガスを取り出す位置は吸着塔９の吸着材８の充填高さを１００％とすると、その下端より７０％から９５％であることが望ましい。また取り出し経路１８から取り出すガス量はガス量全体の１０％以下であることが望ましい。取り出し経路１８には破過検知装置Ｂの前後で弁Ｖｘ，Ｖｙを設けてあり、後述する吸着検知材１の交換時に弁Ｖｘ，Ｖｙを閉じるようになっている。また本例の場合、吸着塔９の吸着材８を充填した部分の中間部から取り出し経路１８にてガスを取り出して破過検知装置Ｂに通すようになっているが、出口側管路１３の途中に破過検知装置Ｂを設けて吸着材８を充填した部分の上端から取り出したガスを破過検知装置Ｂに通すようにしてもよい。 One end side of a take-out path 18, which is a pipe for taking out gas from an intermediate part of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9, is introduced into the adsorption tower 9, and the other end side of the take-out path 18 is the outlet side path 13. It is communicated at a location upstream of the valve V 2 on. A breakthrough detection device B is arranged in the middle of the take-out path 18, and the gas inlet 6 and the gas outlet 19 of the breakthrough detection apparatus B communicate with the take-out path 18. The position at which the gas is taken out from the adsorption tower 9 to the take-out path 18 is desirably 70% to 95% from the lower end when the filling height of the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is 100%. The amount of gas taken out from the take-out path 18 is preferably 10% or less of the total amount of gas. Valves Vx and Vy are provided in the take-out path 18 before and after the breakthrough detector B, and the valves Vx and Vy are closed when the adsorption detection material 1 described later is replaced. In the case of this example, the gas is taken out from the middle part of the adsorption tower 9 filled with the adsorbent 8 through the take-out path 18 and passed through the breakthrough detector B. A breakthrough detector B may be provided in the middle, and the gas taken out from the upper end of the portion filled with the adsorbent 8 may be passed through the breakthrough detector B.

破過検知装置Ｂの検知容器２０にはガス入口６とガス出口１９とが設けてあり、検知容器２０に吸着量検知装置Ａを設けてある。この吸着量検知装置Ａは天秤２にて主体が構成され、天秤２にて吸着検知材１に吸着される被吸着物質の吸着量を検出できるようになっている。吸着検知材１は金網等からなる通気性のあるケース１ａ内に吸着材として活性炭を内装して形成されている。かかる吸着検知材１の吸着材としての活性炭は吸着塔９内の活性炭８ａと同じものでも、異なるものでもよい。ただし、吸着検知材１の活性炭としては吸着塔９内の活性炭８ａより低濃度の被吸着物質よく吸着できるものを選択することが望ましい。   The detection container 20 of the breakthrough detection device B is provided with a gas inlet 6 and a gas outlet 19, and the adsorption amount detection device A is provided in the detection container 20. The adsorption amount detection device A is mainly composed of a balance 2, and the balance 2 can detect an adsorption amount of a substance to be adsorbed to the adsorption detection material 1. The adsorption detecting material 1 is formed by incorporating activated carbon as an adsorbing material in a breathable case 1a made of a metal mesh or the like. The activated carbon as the adsorbent of the adsorption detection material 1 may be the same as or different from the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9. However, as the activated carbon of the adsorption detection material 1, it is desirable to select one that can adsorb the adsorbed substance with a lower concentration than the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9.

検知容器２０の上蓋２０ａの中央から下方に向けて支持棒２１を垂下してあり、支持棒２１の下端部に天秤２の棹３の中央部を回転自在に支持してある。支持棒２１の下端部には棹３の回動の支点Ｓとなるボールベアリングのようなベアリング２２を装着してあり、棹３の中心に設けた水平軸２３をベアリング２２に回転自在に支持してある。棹３の一端には吸着検知材１を装着してあり、棹３の他端には吸着検知材１と釣り合う重り４を装着してある。この吸着検知材１や重り４を棹３に装着するとき棹３にぶら下げるように吊り下げるのでなく、吸着検知材１や重り４の上端が棹３に剛接合されるように吊り下げてある。   A support bar 21 is suspended downward from the center of the upper lid 20a of the detection container 20, and the center part of the basket 3 of the balance 2 is rotatably supported on the lower end part of the support bar 21. A bearing 22 such as a ball bearing serving as a fulcrum S for the rotation of the flange 3 is attached to the lower end of the support bar 21, and a horizontal shaft 23 provided at the center of the flange 3 is rotatably supported by the bearing 22. It is. An adsorption detecting material 1 is attached to one end of the rod 3, and a weight 4 that balances the adsorption detecting material 1 is attached to the other end of the rod 3. The suction detection material 1 and the weight 4 are not hung so as to be hung from the hook 3 when the suction detection material 1 or the weight 4 is attached to the hook 3, but are hung so that the upper ends of the suction detection material 1 and the weight 4 are rigidly joined to the hook 3.

棹３の他端の重り４を装着した部分の近傍には微小の重り５を追加したときこの重り５を保持する重り保持部２４を設けてある。この重り保持部２４は底壁２４ａと底壁２４ａの周囲に立設した重り落下防止用の側壁２４ｂとで構成されており、底壁２４ａの中央部には切り欠き部２５を設けてある。この重り保持部２４に載せて保持される重り５はワッシャのように円環状に形成されている。図２では図示の便宜上、重り４と重り保持部２４に保持する微小な重り５との間隔が開いているように描いてあるが、重り５と重り４の間隔は水平軸２３から重り４までの距離に比べて充分に小さくしてある。   A weight holding portion 24 that holds the weight 5 when a minute weight 5 is added is provided in the vicinity of the portion where the weight 4 at the other end of the collar 3 is attached. The weight holding portion 24 includes a bottom wall 24a and a weight fall prevention side wall 24b erected around the bottom wall 24a. A cutout portion 25 is provided at the center of the bottom wall 24a. The weight 5 held on the weight holding portion 24 is formed in an annular shape like a washer. In FIG. 2, for convenience of illustration, the distance between the weight 4 and the minute weight 5 held by the weight holding unit 24 is illustrated as being open, but the distance between the weight 5 and the weight 4 is from the horizontal axis 23 to the weight 4. The distance is sufficiently smaller than the distance.

また吸着検知材１は棹３が略水平になるように釣り合った状態で検知容器２０のガス入口６の開口部に対向するようになっており、吸着検知材１は偏平で高い通気性を有しており、吸着検知材１の表面がガス入口６でのガスの流れに実質的に垂直になっている。また吸着検知材１の面積はガス入口６の開口部より充分に大きく、吸着検知材１は開口部の全体を実質的に覆っている。   In addition, the adsorption detection material 1 is opposed to the opening of the gas inlet 6 of the detection container 20 in a state where the rod 3 is substantially horizontal, and the adsorption detection material 1 is flat and has high air permeability. The surface of the adsorption detection material 1 is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the gas inlet 6. The area of the adsorption detection material 1 is sufficiently larger than the opening of the gas inlet 6, and the adsorption detection material 1 substantially covers the entire opening.

棹３の一端の上方には棹３の一端側の位置を検知する検知手段としての光センサー７を設けてあり、この光センサー７には投光部７ａと受光部７ｂとを備えている。棹３の一端には光センサー７の投光部７ａと受光部７ｂとの間に位置することにより投光部７ａから受光部７ｂに照射される光を遮断する遮蔽板２６を設けてある。光センサー７は光ファイバー２７を介して制御部２８に接続してあり、投光部７ａの光を受光部７ｂが受光したときランプ２９が点灯し、投光部７ａの光を受光部７ｂを受光しないときはランプ２９が消灯するようになっている。検知容器２０の蓋２０ａの部分では光ファイバー２７を光ファイバー接続端子３３にて接続されている。   An optical sensor 7 serving as a detecting means for detecting the position of one end side of the collar 3 is provided above one end of the collar 3, and the optical sensor 7 includes a light projecting unit 7 a and a light receiving unit 7 b. A shield plate 26 that blocks light irradiated from the light projecting unit 7a to the light receiving unit 7b by being positioned between the light projecting unit 7a and the light receiving unit 7b of the optical sensor 7 is provided at one end of the ridge 3. The optical sensor 7 is connected to the control unit 28 via the optical fiber 27. When the light receiving unit 7b receives the light from the light projecting unit 7a, the lamp 29 is turned on, and the light from the light projecting unit 7a is received by the light receiving unit 7b. When not, the lamp 29 is turned off. An optical fiber 27 is connected to an optical fiber connection terminal 33 at the lid 20 a portion of the detection container 20.

上記光センサー７は蓋２０ａに設けた上下高さ調整機構Ｃにて吊り下げてあり、光センサー７の上下位置を調整できるようになっている。本例の場合、上下高さ調整機構Ｃはマイクロメータヘッド３０にて形成されており、操作ノブ３０ａを回転操作することでシャフト３０ｂが上下に移動して光センサー７が上下するようになっている。   The optical sensor 7 is suspended by a vertical height adjusting mechanism C provided on the lid 20a, so that the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 can be adjusted. In the case of this example, the vertical height adjusting mechanism C is formed by the micrometer head 30, and by rotating the operation knob 30a, the shaft 30b moves up and down so that the optical sensor 7 moves up and down. Yes.

また追加する微小な重り５は重り保持部２４に載せて保持したり、重り保持部２４から降ろしたりできるようになっているが、この重り５を載せたり降ろしたりする操作は蓋２０ａに設けた上下移動機構Ｄにて行なわれるようになっている。この上下移動機構Ｄは本例の場合、マイクロメータヘッド３１にて形成されており、操作ノブ３１ａを回転操作することでシャフト３１ｂと一緒にシャフト３１ｂの下端に設けた重りリフト部材３２が上下するようになっている。重りリフト部材３２は横片３２ａと横片３２ａに対して垂直に立設した縦棒３２ｂとで構成され、縦棒３２ｂが円環状の重り５の穴に挿入されるようになっている。重りリフト部材３２に重り５を載せた状態から重りリフト部材３２を下降させると、図４（ａ）のように重り５が重り保持部２４に載り、重りリフト部材３２を上昇させると重り５が重りリフト部材３２で持ち上げられて重り５が重り保持部２４から降ろされる。   Further, the minute weight 5 to be added can be placed on and held on the weight holding portion 24, or can be lowered from the weight holding portion 24. The operation of putting on and off the weight 5 is provided on the lid 20a. The vertical movement mechanism D is used. In this example, the vertical movement mechanism D is formed by a micrometer head 31. By rotating the operation knob 31a, the weight lift member 32 provided at the lower end of the shaft 31b moves up and down together with the shaft 31b. It is like that. The weight lift member 32 includes a horizontal piece 32a and a vertical bar 32b erected perpendicularly to the horizontal piece 32a, and the vertical bar 32b is inserted into a hole of the annular weight 5. When the weight lift member 32 is lowered from the state where the weight 5 is placed on the weight lift member 32, the weight 5 is placed on the weight holding portion 24 as shown in FIG. 4A, and when the weight lift member 32 is raised, the weight 5 is The weight 5 is lifted by the weight lifting member 32 and the weight 5 is lowered from the weight holding portion 24.

ガス吸着処理システムで消化ガスから被吸着物質を吸着で除去をする処理をするとき、ガスが入口側経路１０から吸着塔９に送られ、吸着材８として活性炭８ａで被吸着物質が吸着除去されたガスが出口側経路１３から取り出される。この処理を始めるとき次のようにして破過検知装置Ｂの吸着量検知装置Ａを設定する。新鮮な活性炭を内装した吸着検知材１をセットし、吸着検知材１と重り４との間のバランスを採った状態で上下高さ調整機構Ｃで光センサー７の位置を上下に調整してランプ２９が消灯した状態から点灯する位置に設定する。この状態から取り出し経路１８に活性炭８ａを通過したガスを通すと、ガス入口６から検知容器２０内にガスが入り、ガスが吸着検知材１と検知容器２０内を通り、ガス出口１９から出て行く。このような状態で検知容器２０内にガスを数時間通す。すると、ガスの水分と吸着検知材１との水分のバランスが取れる。この状態で上下高さ調整機構Ｃで光センサー７の位置を上下に調整してランプ２９を再度点灯させる。そして上下移動機構Ｄで微小な重り５を下降させて重り保持部２４に載せることにより重り５を追加する。この重り５は吸着検知材１が被吸着物質を吸着して所定重量分増加した重量に相当する重さである。このように重り５を追加することにより棹３の一端側が上方に移動し、ランプ２９が消灯する。   When the gas adsorption treatment system is used to remove the substance to be adsorbed from the digestion gas, the gas is sent from the inlet side path 10 to the adsorption tower 9, and the substance to be adsorbed is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8. Gas is taken out from the outlet side passage 13. When this process is started, the adsorption amount detection device A of the breakthrough detection device B is set as follows. Set the adsorption detection material 1 with fresh activated carbon inside, adjust the position of the optical sensor 7 up and down with the vertical height adjustment mechanism C with the balance between the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 and lamp It is set to a position where 29 is turned on from a state where the light is turned off. When the gas that has passed through the activated carbon 8a is passed through the take-out path 18 from this state, the gas enters the detection container 20 from the gas inlet 6, passes through the adsorption detection material 1 and the detection container 20, and exits from the gas outlet 19. go. In this state, gas is passed through the detection container 20 for several hours. As a result, the moisture of the gas and the moisture of the adsorption detection material 1 can be balanced. In this state, the vertical height adjustment mechanism C adjusts the position of the optical sensor 7 up and down to light the lamp 29 again. Then, the weight 5 is added by lowering the minute weight 5 by the vertical movement mechanism D and placing it on the weight holding portion 24. The weight 5 is a weight corresponding to a weight increased by a predetermined weight after the adsorption detecting material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed. By adding the weight 5 in this way, one end side of the basket 3 moves upward, and the lamp 29 is turned off.

この状態から吸着塔９内の吸着材８としての活性炭８ａの状態を監視し、活性炭８ａが破過状態になったときそれを検知する。活性炭８ａの被吸着物質の吸着量が増加して破過状態に近付くと、取り出し経路１８から取り出されるガスの被吸着物質の濃度が高くなり、吸着検知材１が被吸着物質を吸着して吸着検知材１の重量が増す。そして吸着検知材１の重量が所定重量になると光センサー７が検知してランプ２９が点灯される。これにより吸着塔９の吸着材８としての活性炭８ａの破過が検知される。これにより、吸着材８としての活性炭８ａの適切な交換時期を自動的に検知でき、結果、無駄に活性炭８ａを廃棄してしまうことがなく、活性炭８ａの破過も発生しないために被吸着物質が放出されてしまうのを極力防止できる。さらに、出力ガスの定期的なサンプリングや分析を行なわずに、交換時期を正確且つ低コストで検知できる。   From this state, the state of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 in the adsorption tower 9 is monitored, and when the activated carbon 8a enters a breakthrough state, it is detected. When the adsorption amount of the adsorbed substance on the activated carbon 8a increases and approaches a breakthrough state, the concentration of the adsorbed substance in the gas taken out from the extraction path 18 increases, and the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs and adsorbs the adsorbed substance. The weight of the detection material 1 increases. When the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 reaches a predetermined weight, the light sensor 7 detects and the lamp 29 is turned on. Thereby, breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 is detected. As a result, it is possible to automatically detect an appropriate replacement time of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8, and as a result, the activated carbon 8a is not wasted and the breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a does not occur. Can be prevented as much as possible. Furthermore, the replacement time can be detected accurately and at low cost without performing periodic sampling and analysis of the output gas.

また上記吸着量検知装置Ａでは吸着検知材１が被吸着物質を吸着して重量が増えたとき吸着検知材１が下がるが、吸着検知材１及び重り５に上端を棹３に剛結合で結合してあるため、吸着検知材１が低下する方向に微小角度回転したとき天秤２の棹３の支点Ｓと吸着検知材１の重心との間の有効距離（有効な腕の長さ）が僅かに小さくなり、逆に棹３の支点と重り４の重心との間の有効距離（有効な腕の長さ）が僅かに大きくなるため、微小な位置の変化でバランスできる。これにより吸着検知材１の微小重量増加にて対応して吸着検知材１の位置が連続的に変化する。これにより通常の天秤のように重量増加にて急激に位置が変化することなく定量的に重量を検知できる。これにより吸着検知材１の被吸着物質の吸着量を天秤１を用いて簡単且つ正確に検知できる。このとき、天秤２の棹３の水平軸２３がベアリング２２にて支持されているためにベアリング２２による回転抵抗を受けることでも急激に吸着検知材１の位置が変化することがない。   Further, in the adsorption amount detection device A, when the adsorption detection material 1 adsorbs the substance to be adsorbed and the weight increases, the adsorption detection material 1 is lowered, but the upper end of the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 5 are rigidly coupled to the flange 3. Therefore, when the adsorption detection material 1 is rotated by a small angle in the direction of lowering, the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum S of the balance 3 of the balance 2 and the gravity center of the adsorption detection material 1 is small. On the contrary, since the effective distance (effective arm length) between the fulcrum of the heel 3 and the center of gravity of the weight 4 is slightly increased, it can be balanced by a minute change in position. Thereby, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes corresponding to the minute weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1. As a result, the weight can be detected quantitatively without a sudden change in position due to an increase in weight as in a normal balance. Thereby, the adsorption amount of the substance to be adsorbed on the adsorption detection material 1 can be detected easily and accurately using the balance 1. At this time, since the horizontal shaft 23 of the balance 3 of the balance 2 is supported by the bearing 22, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 does not change suddenly even if it receives rotational resistance from the bearing 22.

また上記吸着量検知装置Ａでは上記のように吸着検知材１の位置が重量増加で急激に変化しない上に、検知手段としての光センサー７の上下位置を上下高さ調整機構Ｃにて調整できるようになっているために吸着検知材１の位置に合わせて光センサー７の位置を容易に合わせることができる。つまり、吸着検知材１と重り４のバランスを取り、検知手段の位置に対して吸着検知材１の上下方向の位置を精度よく設定するためには重量を厳密に調整する必要があるが、光センサー７の位置を上下高さ調整機構Ｃにて調整することができることにより吸着検知材１と重り４のバランスを厳密に取らなくても光センサー７の位置を吸着検知材１に合わせることができ、吸着検知材１と重り４のバランスを取る厳密性が緩和されるので作業が大幅に容易になる。また作業中に空気中の水分を吸ってバランスが崩れた場合にも再調整することが可能になる。特に雨天の時に有効となる。また使用開始後、吸着検知材１が吸着した水分が脱着して僅かにバランスが崩れる可能性がある場合に、水分の脱着が完了する使用開始初期段階で、外部から再調整することが可能になる。   Moreover, in the said adsorption amount detection apparatus A, the position of the adsorption | suction detection material 1 does not change suddenly by weight increase as mentioned above, and the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 as a detection means can be adjusted with the vertical height adjustment mechanism C. Therefore, the position of the optical sensor 7 can be easily adjusted in accordance with the position of the adsorption detection material 1. That is, in order to balance the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 and accurately set the vertical position of the adsorption detection material 1 with respect to the position of the detection means, it is necessary to adjust the weight strictly. Since the position of the sensor 7 can be adjusted by the vertical height adjustment mechanism C, the position of the optical sensor 7 can be adjusted to the adsorption detection material 1 without strictly balancing the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4. Since the strictness of balancing the adsorption detection material 1 and the weight 4 is relaxed, the operation is greatly facilitated. In addition, even if the balance is lost due to moisture in the air during work, readjustment is possible. This is especially effective when it rains. In addition, after the start of use, when moisture adsorbed by the adsorption detection material 1 may be desorbed and the balance may be slightly lost, it is possible to readjust from the outside at the initial stage of use when the desorption of moisture is completed. Become.

また上記のように上下移動機構Ｄにて外部から上記重り４に加えて微小の重り５を追加できるようになっているため、上記の光センサー７の上下方向の位置を上下高さ調整機構Ｃによりバランスを再調整後、重量が既知の微小の重り５を追加することで、この微小重量分だけ僅かにバランスをずらしたことになり、光サンサー７が作動する吸着検知材１の被吸着物質の吸着量をこの微小重量分に設定することができる。   Further, as described above, since the vertical movement mechanism D can add the minute weight 5 in addition to the weight 4 from the outside, the vertical position of the optical sensor 7 is adjusted to the vertical height adjustment mechanism C. After the balance is readjusted by adding a minute weight 5 with a known weight, the balance is slightly shifted by this minute weight, and the adsorbed substance of the adsorption detecting material 1 on which the optical sensor 7 operates. Can be set to this minute weight.

また追加する微小の重り５は上記のように上下移動移機構Ｄにてリフト部材３２を上下させて重り保持部２４に載せたり重り保持部２４から降ろしたりできて重り５の追加が容易にできる。   Further, the additional weight 5 can be easily added by moving the lift member 32 up and down by the vertical movement transfer mechanism D as described above and placing it on the weight holding portion 24 or lowering it from the weight holding portion 24. .

また上記高さ調整機構Ｃとしてマイクロメータヘッド３０を用いているため、検知手段としての光センサー７の上下の微調整が容易にできると共に精度よい上下位置調整ができる。また外部より重り４に対して微小の重り５を追加できる上下移動機構Ｄとしてマイクロメータヘッド３１を用いているため、重り５を追加する操作が容易にできると共に精度よい操作ができる。また上下高さ調整機構Ｃとしてはマイクロメータヘッド３０を用いているため、被吸着物質の吸着によりランプ２９を点灯させるための吸着検知材１の重量増加の設定には事前にマイクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａの回転角度と吸着検知材１の重量増加の関係を求めておき、マイクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａの回転角度により行うことができる。   Further, since the micrometer head 30 is used as the height adjusting mechanism C, it is possible to easily finely adjust the vertical direction of the optical sensor 7 as the detecting means and to adjust the vertical position accurately. Further, since the micrometer head 31 is used as the vertical movement mechanism D that can add the minute weight 5 to the weight 4 from the outside, the operation of adding the weight 5 can be easily performed and the operation can be performed with high accuracy. Further, since the micrometer head 30 is used as the vertical height adjusting mechanism C, the setting of the weight increase of the adsorption detecting material 1 for turning on the lamp 29 by the adsorption of the substance to be adsorbed is set beforehand. The relationship between the rotation angle of the operation knob 30 a and the weight increase of the adsorption detection material 1 can be obtained and can be determined by the rotation angle of the operation knob 30 a of the micrometer head 30.

また吸着検知材１の形状は上記のように偏平であって高い通気性を有しており、且つ吸着検知材１の表面がガス入口６の開口部でのガスの流れに実質的に垂直であり、且つ吸着検知材１がガス入口６の開口部の全体を実質的に覆っていることが好ましい。この場合、ガスが吸着検知材１を貫流する割合が高く、ガス中の被吸着物質を効率よく吸着し、吸着検知材１の重量を増加することができる。その結果、吸着塔９からの被吸着物質の出口濃度が所定のレベルに達したことを自動的に検知する上で効率よく検知できる。   The shape of the adsorption detection material 1 is flat as described above and has high air permeability, and the surface of the adsorption detection material 1 is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet 6. It is preferable that the adsorption detection material 1 substantially covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6. In this case, the rate at which the gas flows through the adsorption detection material 1 is high, the substance to be adsorbed in the gas can be adsorbed efficiently, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 can be increased. As a result, it can be efficiently detected when automatically detecting that the outlet concentration of the substance to be adsorbed from the adsorption tower 9 has reached a predetermined level.

また天秤２の棹３に吸着検知材１の上端及び重り４の上端を棹３に剛結合で装着することにより、吸着検知材１の重量増加に応じて比例して連続的に吸着検知材１の位置が変化するようになったが、このように吸着検知材１の方向が変化しないように棹３に吸着検知材１が固定されていると、吸着検知材１の表面がガス入口６の開口部でのガスの流れに実質的に垂直であるようにできると共に吸着検知材１がガス入口６の開口部全体を覆っている状態を常時維持することができる。また重り４が棹３に固定されていることにより、重り４がガスの流れで揺れることを防止できるので誤動作が低減できる。   Further, by attaching the upper end of the adsorption detecting material 1 and the upper end of the weight 4 to the eaves 3 of the balance 2 by rigid coupling to the eaves 3, the adsorption detecting material 1 is continuously proportionally proportional to the increase in the weight of the adsorption detecting material 1. However, when the adsorption detection material 1 is fixed to the eaves 3 so that the direction of the adsorption detection material 1 does not change in this way, the surface of the adsorption detection material 1 becomes the surface of the gas inlet 6. The state in which the adsorption detection material 1 covers the entire opening of the gas inlet 6 can be maintained at all times while being substantially perpendicular to the gas flow in the opening. In addition, since the weight 4 is fixed to the flange 3, it is possible to prevent the weight 4 from being shaken by the gas flow, so that malfunctions can be reduced.

吸着塔９の吸着材８としての活性炭８ａの破過が検知されると、弁Ｖ１，Ｖ２が閉じられると共に弁Ｖ３，Ｖ４が開かれ、バイパスライン１４にガスが流される。この状態で弁Ｖ６を開いて吸着塔９から活性炭８ａが取り出されると共に弁Ｖ７を開いて新しい活性炭８ａが投入される。活性炭８ａの交換後に弁Ｖ１，Ｖ８を開いて消化ガスによる吸着塔９のパージを行なう。 When the breakthrough of the activated carbon 8a as the adsorbent 8 of the adsorption tower 9 is detected, the valves V 1 and V 2 are closed, the valves V 3 and V 4 are opened, and a gas flows through the bypass line 14. New activated carbon 8a opens the valve V 7 with activated carbon 8a is withdrawn from the adsorption tower 9 by opening the valve V 6 in this state is turned on. After exchanging the activated carbon 8a, the valves V 1 and V 8 are opened to purge the adsorption tower 9 with digestion gas.

次に吸着検知材１の重量増加に伴なって吸着検知材１の位置が対応して連続的に変化する機構の他の例を説明する。図５の例では天秤２の棹３の一端に吸着検知材１を装着してあり、棹３の他端にはバネ３５を連結してあり、バネ３５にて吸着検知材１の重量に抗する方向に付勢してある。この場合、吸着検知材１は棹３に剛接合にて接合してある必要がなく、吸着検知材１をぶら下げるように装着してあってもよい。上記のように重り４に代えてバネ３５にて引っ張ってある場合も吸着検知材１の重量増加に応じてバネ３５が伸びて吸着検知材１が重量増加に比例して連続的に変化する。また図６の例ではバネ３５に代えて流体圧シリンダー装置３６を用いており、バネ３５と同様に吸着検知材１の重量増加に応じて比例して吸着検知材１の位置が連続的に変化するようになっている。   Next, another example of a mechanism in which the position of the adsorption detection material 1 correspondingly changes continuously as the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 increases will be described. In the example of FIG. 5, the adsorption detection material 1 is attached to one end of the cage 3 of the balance 2, and a spring 35 is connected to the other end of the cage 3, and the spring 35 resists the weight of the adsorption detection material 1. It is energized in the direction to do. In this case, the adsorption detection material 1 does not need to be rigidly joined to the flange 3 and may be mounted so as to hang the adsorption detection material 1. Even when the spring 35 is pulled instead of the weight 4 as described above, the spring 35 extends in accordance with the increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material 1, and the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes in proportion to the increase in weight. In the example of FIG. 6, a fluid pressure cylinder device 36 is used instead of the spring 35, and similarly to the spring 35, the position of the adsorption detection material 1 continuously changes in proportion to the increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material 1. It is supposed to be.

以下、本発明を実施例によって詳述する。
（実施例１）
図１、図２に示すガス吸着処理システムの破過検知装置を用いて以下の条件で試験を行った。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
Example 1
The test was conducted under the following conditions using the breakthrough detector of the gas adsorption processing system shown in FIGS.

「消化ガス」として、メタン６５％、ＣＯ２３５％のバイオガス（例えば、生活下水、或いは、食品工場排水等の中に含まれる固形残渣物である汚泥を嫌気性菌により嫌気性発酵させて得られるシロキサン化合物を含有する消化ガス）を用いた。処理後の消化ガスは、貫流式蒸気ボイラー及びガスエンジン発電機の燃料とした。 As “digestion gas”, biogas of 65% methane and 35% CO 2 (for example, sludge which is a solid residue contained in domestic sewage or food factory effluent, etc. is anaerobically fermented by anaerobic bacteria. Digestion gas containing the resulting siloxane compound) was used. The digested gas after the treatment was used as fuel for a once-through steam boiler and a gas engine generator.

消化ガスに含有される「被吸着物質」はオクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン（沸点１７５℃、シリコンオイルの一種、ガス中の濃度は５ｍｇ／ｍ３、単位時間当たりのガス流量は４４ｍ３／ｈ、３０℃、年間を通じて相対湿度は４０％以下）とした。 The “adsorbed substance” contained in the digestion gas is octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (boiling point 175 ° C., a kind of silicon oil, the concentration in the gas is 5 mg / m 3 , the gas flow rate per unit time is 44 m 3 / h, 30 The relative humidity was 40% or less throughout the year.

被吸着物質を吸着除去する「吸着材８」は、粒径６メッシュ〜１２メッシュの粒状椰子殻活性炭８ａであって、充填密度は０．４２ｇ／ｃｃ、吸着塔９の円筒部充填高さ１．０ｍ、オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサンの濃度５ｍｇ／ｍ３及び０．１ｍｇ／ｍ３レベルでの平衡吸着量はそれぞれ約３０％及び約５％のものを使用する。 The “adsorbent 8” for adsorbing and removing the adsorbed substance is a granular coconut shell activated carbon 8a having a particle size of 6 to 12 mesh, the packing density is 0.42 g / cc, and the cylinder section packing height 1 is 1 Equilibrium adsorption amounts of 0.0m and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane concentrations of 5 mg / m 3 and 0.1 mg / m 3 are about 30% and about 5%, respectively.

図２の破過検知装置で天秤２の棹３に重り４と吸着検知材１とを金属部品とネジで剛結合になるように固定した。このときの重り４の重量は１４．７ｇ、吸着検知材１の重量は１４．７ｇであった。吸着検知材１に内装する活性炭としては吸着塔９内の活性炭８ａと同様のものを使用した。また吸着検知材１が１４．７ｇであるが、その内の活性炭重量は１０．０ｇ（熱風乾燥機で１２０℃、２時間乾燥させたときの重量）である。なお、重り４と後で追加する微小な重り５を載せる部分との間の間隔は水平軸２３から重り４までの距離に比べて充分小さくした。   The weight 4 and the adsorption detection material 1 are fixed to the cage 3 of the balance 2 by a breakthrough detection device shown in FIG. The weight of the weight 4 at this time was 14.7 g, and the weight of the adsorption detection material 1 was 14.7 g. As the activated carbon incorporated in the adsorption detection material 1, the same activated carbon as the activated carbon 8a in the adsorption tower 9 was used. Further, the adsorption detecting material 1 is 14.7 g, and the weight of the activated carbon is 10.0 g (weight when dried at 120 ° C. for 2 hours with a hot air dryer). It should be noted that the distance between the weight 4 and the portion on which the minute weight 5 to be added later is placed is sufficiently smaller than the distance from the horizontal shaft 23 to the weight 4.

湿度６０％程度の大気に数時間放置していた吸着検知材１（重量を測定したところ活性炭重量が１０．６ｇであった）を天秤２の棹３に上記のように固定した後、高さ調整機構Ｃのマイクロメータヘッド３０により光センサー７を少しずつ上昇させ、吸着検知材１の位置として破過検知装置Ｂのランプ２９が丁度消灯状態から点灯状態に変わった点に設定した。   After fixing the adsorption detecting material 1 (weight was measured to be 10.6 g when the weight was measured) left in the atmosphere with a humidity of about 60% for several hours as described above, the height was measured. The light sensor 7 was raised little by little by the micrometer head 30 of the adjustment mechanism C, and the position of the adsorption detection material 1 was set to the point where the lamp 29 of the breakthrough detection device B just changed from the off state to the on state.

そして、図１において、弁Ｖ１，Ｖ２，Ｖ５，Ｖｘ，Ｖｙを開いて吸着処理をする試験を実施した。この試験を開始した後、しばらくしてランプ２９が消灯した。さらに試験を継続して５時間程度経過した時点で試験を中止した。この状態で上下高さ調整機構Ｃのマクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａを回転させて再度ランプ２９を点灯させる位置を測定したところ、その回転角度及びベアリング２２の抵抗にずれが０．１ｇ程度であることを考慮すると、吸着検知材１の重量減少量が５％程度であることがわかった。吸着検知材１を取り出して重量を測定したところ活性炭の重量は１０．１ｇであり、５％減少していることを確認した。これにより、活性炭の重量１０．１ｇは湿度４０％の消化ガスの水分吸着率１％に相当する水分を吸着していることを示しており、それ以降の試験を継続しても水分吸着による重量増加がないことがわかった。図７に本実施例での活性炭の重量変化を示す。 In FIG. 1, a test was performed in which the valves V 1 , V 2 , V 5 , Vx, and Vy were opened to perform an adsorption process. After starting this test, the lamp 29 turned off after a while. Furthermore, when the test was continued for about 5 hours, the test was stopped. In this state, when the operation knob 30a of the macrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated and the position where the lamp 29 is lit again is measured, the deviation in the rotation angle and the resistance of the bearing 22 is about 0.1 g. In consideration of the fact, it was found that the weight reduction amount of the adsorption detection material 1 was about 5%. When the adsorption detection material 1 was taken out and weighed, the weight of the activated carbon was 10.1 g, confirming a 5% decrease. This shows that the weight of activated carbon of 10.1 g is adsorbing moisture corresponding to the moisture adsorption rate of 1% of digestion gas with a humidity of 40%. It turned out that there was no increase. FIG. 7 shows a change in weight of the activated carbon in this example.

本試験により、試験開始後、一定時間経過した時点で上下高さ調整機構Ｃのマクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａを回転させて吸着検知材１の位置を再設定させることにより大気中の水分吸着の影響をなくせることがわかった。
（実施例２）
実施例１と同じ条件で試験を開始した後、５時間経過後次の作業を行なった。上下高さ調整機構Ｃのマイクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａを非常に少量ずつ回転させ、丁度破過検知装置Ｃのランプ２９が消灯状態から点灯状態に変わった点に位置を再設定した。 By this test, when a certain time has elapsed after the test is started, the operation knob 30a of the macrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated to reset the position of the adsorption detection material 1, thereby absorbing moisture in the atmosphere. It was found that the influence of can be eliminated.
(Example 2)
After starting the test under the same conditions as in Example 1, the following work was performed after 5 hours. The operation knob 30a of the micrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C was rotated very little by little, and the position was reset just to the point where the lamp 29 of the breakthrough detection device C changed from the unlit state to the lit state.

次に上下移動機構Ｄのマイクロメータヘッド３１の操作ノブ３１ａを回転させ、微小の重り５（０．５ｇステンレスワッシャを使用）を重り保持部２４に載せることより重り４側の重量を増加させ、この分だけバランスをずらした。この操作によりランプ２９は消灯した。   Next, the operation knob 31a of the micrometer head 31 of the vertical movement mechanism D is rotated, and the weight on the weight 4 side is increased by placing the minute weight 5 (using a 0.5 g stainless steel washer) on the weight holding portion 24, The balance was shifted by this amount. By this operation, the lamp 29 was turned off.

上記作業後、吸着処理する試験を再開した。これにより３１０日後にランプ２９が点灯した。この状態で上下高さ調整機構Ｃのマイクロメータヘッド３０の操作ノブ３０ａを回転させ、再度ランプ２９が消灯する位置を探したところ、操作ノブ３０ａの回転角度から吸着検知材１の活性炭の重量増加は６％程度であることがわかった。吸着検知材１を取り出して重量を測定したところ活性炭の重量は１０．７ｇであり、上記の再設定からの重量増加０．６ｇ（６％）を確認した。上記結果により、微小な重り５の重量を変えることによりランプ２９を点灯させる活性炭重量の変化を任意に設定できることを実証できた。   After the above operation, the test for adsorption treatment was resumed. As a result, the lamp 29 was turned on after 310 days. In this state, when the operation knob 30a of the micrometer head 30 of the vertical height adjustment mechanism C is rotated and the position where the lamp 29 is turned off is searched again, the weight of the activated carbon of the adsorption detection material 1 increases from the rotation angle of the operation knob 30a. Was found to be around 6%. When the adsorption detection material 1 was taken out and measured for weight, the weight of the activated carbon was 10.7 g, and a weight increase of 0.6 g (6%) from the above resetting was confirmed. From the above results, it was proved that the change in the weight of the activated carbon that turns on the lamp 29 can be arbitrarily set by changing the weight of the minute weight 5.

本発明の一実施形態のガス吸着処理システムの破過検知装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the breakthrough detection apparatus of the gas adsorption processing system of one Embodiment of this invention. 同上の破過検知装置及び内部の吸着量検知装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a breakthrough detection apparatus same as the above and an internal adsorption amount detection apparatus. 図２のＸ−Ｘ′断面図である。It is XX 'sectional drawing of FIG. 図２のＹ−Ｙ′断面図であって、（ａ）は重り保持部に微小な重りを載せた状態、（ｂ）は重り保持部に微小な重りを載せない状態を示す。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY ′ of FIG. 2, in which (a) shows a state where a minute weight is placed on the weight holding portion, and (b) shows a state where a minute weight is not placed on the weight holding portion. 同上の吸着量検知装置の他の例の概略図である。It is the schematic of the other example of the adsorption amount detection apparatus same as the above. 同上の吸着量検知装置の他の例の概略図である。It is the schematic of the other example of the adsorption amount detection apparatus same as the above. 同上の実施例１の活性炭の吸湿による重量変化を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the weight change by moisture absorption of the activated carbon of Example 1 same as the above.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols


１ 吸着検知材
２ 天秤
３ 棹
４ 重り
５ 微小な重り
６ ガス入口
７ 光センサー
７ａ 投光部
７ｂ 受光部
８ 吸着材
９ 吸着塔
1 Adsorption detection material
2 Balance 3 ４ 4 Weight 5 Minute Weight 6 Gas Inlet 7 Optical Sensor 7a Light Emitting Part 7b Light Receiving Part 8 Adsorbent 9 Adsorption Tower

Claims (7)

被吸着物質を含有したガス中に配置された吸着検知材の被吸着物質の吸着による重量増加を吸着検知材の位置変化に変換し、前記位置変化を検知することによって吸着検知材の重量増加の大きさを判断する吸着量検知装置であって、前記吸着検知材の位置を変化させる機構は天秤であり、天秤はその天秤の棹の一端に吸着検知材の上端を剛結合で連結すると共に天秤の棹の他端に吸着検知材と釣り合う重りの上端を剛結合で連結し、前記吸着検知材の重量増加に伴なって吸着検知材の位置が変化すると共に前記吸着検知材の重量増加に対応して吸着検知材の位置が連続的に変化する機構を具備したことを特徴とする吸着量検知装置。 The increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material is detected by converting the weight increase due to the adsorption of the adsorption material of the adsorption detection material disposed in the gas containing the adsorption material into the position change of the adsorption detection material, and detecting the position change. An adsorption amount detection device for judging the size, wherein the mechanism for changing the position of the adsorption detection material is a balance, and the balance connects the upper end of the adsorption detection material to one end of the balance with a rigid connection and the balance. The upper end of the weight that balances the adsorption detection material is connected to the other end of the bag by a rigid bond, and the position of the adsorption detection material changes as the weight of the adsorption detection material increases, and the increase in the weight of the adsorption detection material is supported. An adsorption amount detection device comprising a mechanism for continuously changing the position of the adsorption detection material. 吸着検知材が予め設定した重量の増加の値となったときに吸着検知材の位置の変化が検知できるように設定してあることを特徴とする請求項１記載の吸着量検知装置。2. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption detection material is set so that a change in the position of the adsorption detection material can be detected when the adsorption detection material reaches a preset weight increase value. 前記天秤は、吸着検知材の位置変化が検知される状態で前記重りが釣り合うように初期設定することが可能な装置を備えており、その装置で初期設定後に前記重りに前記吸着検知材の設定した重量増加に相当する増加分の重りを追加できる装置を具備したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の吸着量検知装置。The balance includes a device that can be initially set so that the weight is balanced in a state where a change in the position of the suction detection material is detected, and the weight detection material is set to the weight after the initial setting in the device. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a device capable of adding a weight corresponding to the increased weight. 吸着検知材が偏平であって高い通気性を有しており、且つ前記吸着検知材の表面がガス入口の開口部でのガスの流れに実質的に垂直であり、且つ前記吸着検知材がガス入口の開口部全体を実質的に覆っていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置。The adsorption detection material is flat and has high air permeability, the surface of the adsorption detection material is substantially perpendicular to the gas flow at the opening of the gas inlet, and the adsorption detection material is a gas. The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption amount detection device substantially covers the entire opening of the inlet. 前記吸着検知材の位置変化を、投光部と受光部を備えた光センサーで検出することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置。The adsorption amount detection device according to claim 1, wherein a change in position of the adsorption detection material is detected by an optical sensor including a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit. 被吸着物質を含有したガスを吸着材を充填した吸着塔により処理し、前記吸着材により被吸着物質を吸着除去するガス吸着処理システムにおいて、吸着塔の吸着材の充填した部分を通って出たガス、または吸着材を充填した部分の途中から取り出したガス中に吸着検知材を配置した請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置を用いて吸着材の破過状態を検知することにより、吸着塔の吸着材の交換時期を決定することを特徴とするガス吸着システムの破過検知方法。In a gas adsorption processing system in which a gas containing an adsorbed material is processed by an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the adsorbed material is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent, it exits through a portion of the adsorbent tower filled with the adsorbent. 6. The breakthrough state of the adsorbent is detected using the adsorption amount detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adsorption detection material is disposed in the gas or the gas taken out from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent. A method for detecting breakthrough in a gas adsorption system, wherein the time for replacement of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is determined by detection. 被吸着物質を含有したガスを吸着材を充填した吸着塔により処理し、前記吸着材により被吸着物質を吸着除去するガス吸着処理システムにおいて、吸着塔の吸着材の充填した部分を通って出たガス、または吸着材を充填した部分の途中から取り出したガス中に吸着検知材を配置した請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の吸着量検知装置を用いて吸着材の破過状態を検知することにより、吸着塔の吸着材の交換時期を決定する手段を具備したことを特徴とするガス吸着システムの破過検知装置。In a gas adsorption processing system in which a gas containing an adsorbed material is processed by an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the adsorbed material is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent, it exits through a portion of the adsorbent tower filled with the adsorbent. 6. The breakthrough state of the adsorbent is detected using the adsorption amount detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adsorption detection material is disposed in the gas or gas extracted from the middle of the portion filled with the adsorbent. A breakthrough detection device for a gas adsorption system, comprising means for determining an exchange time of an adsorbent in an adsorption tower by detection.
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