JP2006057946A - Refrigerated container - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigerated container capable of restricting transfer of the heat between a front chamber for housing frozen materials and a rear chamber for housing cold materials as much as possible when dividing inside the container into the front chamber and the rear chamber of any volume with a partition in response to quantity of cargo. <P>SOLUTION: Inside the container 2 is divided into the front wall side front chamber 2A and the rear wall side rear chamber 2B by the partition 3 provided in the container 2, and the front chamber 2A is set on a low-temperature side, and the rear chamber 2B is set on a high-temperature side, and the front chamber 2A is cooled by a refrigeration unit 3, and on the other hand, the cold air of the front chamber 2A is led to the rear chamber 2B to cool the rear chamber 2B. Surface of a bottom wall 2a is formed flat, and the bottom wall 2a is provided with a plurality of slatted drainboards 11A and 11B, and the partition 13 is arranged between the adjacent pair of slatted drainboards 11B to restrict transfer of the heat through the bottom wall 2a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration container.

  In general, in order to reduce the unit price of transportation, it is necessary to secure a baggage full of transportation equipment at the time of a round trip. In this case, when transporting cargo that does not require temperature management, cargo can be secured by mixed loading, but when transporting cargo that requires temperature management, the restriction that the management temperature is the same is added. It becomes difficult.

  For this reason, in refrigeration trucks and refrigerated containers, the cargo compartment is divided into a plurality of rooms with heat-insulating partitions, and the partitions are movable so that they can be adjusted to the cargo volume. The interior is controlled in a plurality of temperature zones by arranging an internal unit (heat exchanger) and managing the temperature at individual temperatures (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

On the other hand, in refrigeration trucks and refrigerated containers, in order to promote the circulation of cold air, a long floor material having a T-shaped section called a T-rail is fixed to the floor surface, and the cold air is placed between the floor surface and cargo. (See, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-59057 JP-A-5-238306 JP-A-8-189169

  By the way, when a frozen product (−20 ° C. level) and a refrigerated product such as fresh food (0 ° C. to 15 ° C.) are mixed in a freezer truck or a freezing container, the temperature difference between the two rooms is large, so the higher temperature side A large amount of heat moves from the room to the room on the low temperature side along the inner wall. As a result, the room on the high temperature side may be overcooled, or the room on the low temperature side may be insufficiently cooled, which may reduce the quality of the cargo.

  In this case, since the T-rail has a large cross-sectional area and usually uses an extruded product of aluminum having a high thermal conductivity, a large amount of heat moves through the flooring, and the cold air generated by the flooring A large amount of heat flows from the passage. For this reason, when dividing the interior of the warehouse into a plurality of rooms by partitions, it is necessary to form the partitions in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the flooring, and to block the cold air passage by the flooring, but the entrance is narrow and the interior is wide From the cross-sectional shape of the flooring material, it is difficult to form the partition in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the flooring material, and the cold air passage cannot be reliably sealed. Moreover, the structure of a partition becomes complicated and there exists a fault that installation work of a partition takes time. Moreover, even if the cold air passage by the flooring is sealed, it is inevitable that a large amount of heat moves through the flooring having a large cross-sectional area.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent overcooling of the room on the high temperature side, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, heating is performed using engine coolant or high-temperature refrigerant of a refrigerator. In addition, it is necessary to connect the refrigerator and the engine to the inside of the warehouse, which not only complicates the structure, but also causes problems such as leakage of cooling water and refrigerant due to faulty piping work. When such a failure occurs during unmanned transport of a refrigerated container, for example, during rail transport, the product value may be lost because it cannot be handled for a long time.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and stores a frozen product when a container is partitioned into a front chamber and a rear chamber of an arbitrary volume through a partition in accordance with the cargo amount. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerated container that can suppress heat transfer between a front chamber and a rear chamber containing refrigerated products as much as possible.

  The present invention comprises a container formed of a front wall, a ceiling wall, a bottom wall, left and right side walls, and a rear wall each having heat insulation properties, and a refrigeration unit provided on the outer surface of the front wall of the container. The interior is partitioned into a front chamber on the front wall side and a rear chamber on the rear wall side through a partition that can be moved along, and the front chamber is set on the low temperature side and the rear chamber is set on the high temperature side. A refrigeration container that cools the front chamber while guiding the cool air from the front chamber to the rear chamber to cool the rear chamber, wherein the bottom wall has a flat surface, and a plurality of saws are arranged on the bottom wall. The partition is arranged between a pair of adjacent soots.

  Examples of the bottom wall having a flat surface include steel plates such as stainless steel, plastic plates such as FRP, and wood that has been subjected to water resistance treatment, but considering durability, the thermal conductivity is FRP or wood. Although slightly inferior to the above, a stainless steel plate can be preferably used.

  In terms of durability, light weight and high strength are required from the viewpoint of durability and handleability. Aluminum or FRP can be suitably used to satisfy such requirements. And by arrange | positioning the saw so that a vertical beam may face a longitudinal direction, the channel | path of cold air can be ensured between adjacent vertical beams.

  According to the present invention, after spreading the saw in the front chamber, the cargo (frozen product) is loaded and the partition is fixed. If the partition is fixed, load the cargo (refrigerated goods) after laying mushrooms in the rear room. Thereafter, the refrigeration unit is operated to cool the anterior chamber to the refrigeration temperature. That is, the compressor of the refrigeration apparatus is driven, and the air in the front chamber is heat-exchanged in the evaporator to cool to the freezing temperature. On the other hand, the cool air of the front chamber is guided to the rear chamber, and the rear chamber is cooled to the refrigeration temperature.

  In this case, the cold air blown into the front chamber and the cold air blown into the rear chamber are circulated through the saw and the cold air does not stay.

  As a result, the partition can be fixed at an arbitrary position with this length interval, and the internal space of the container can be partitioned into a front chamber and a rear chamber in accordance with the cargo amount. In addition, since the surface of the bottom wall is formed flat, the structure of the partition is simplified, and the space between the partition and the bottom wall can be reliably sealed without generating a gap. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the bottom wall becomes extremely small, and the amount of heat flowing through the bottom wall can be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the relatively high-temperature cold air in the rear chamber that houses the refrigerated product from flowing into the front chamber that houses the frozen product.

  According to the present invention, when the inside of the container is divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber of an arbitrary volume according to the cargo amount via the partition, the front chamber that stores the frozen product and the rear chamber that stores the refrigerated product, Heat transfer between the two can be suppressed as much as possible.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of the refrigerated container 1 of the present invention.

  The refrigerated container 1 is a container comprising a bottom wall 2a, a ceiling wall 2b, left and right side walls 2c, a front wall 2d and a rear wall 2e that are pivotally supported so as to be openable and closable with respect to the left and right side walls 2c. 2 and a refrigeration unit 3 provided on the outer surface of the front wall 2d of the container 2, and the internal space of the container 2 is divided into a front chamber 2A on the front wall 2d side and a rear wall 2e side by a partition 13 described later. It is partitioned into a rear chamber 2B.

  The bottom wall 2a of the container 2 is formed by sticking a heat insulating material to a flat stainless steel plate, and a saw 11 is detachably installed on the upper surface thereof.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the snowboard 11 is formed by a plurality of vertical bars 111 formed by aluminum extrusion and aluminum extrusion, and is parallel to the upper surface of the vertical bars 111 with a set interval. And a plurality of board members 11A installed along the front wall 2d and the rear wall 2e, and a plurality of board members 11A and 11A installed between the board members 11A and 11A. There are two types of units, 11B and 11B. A partition 13 is disposed between the slat body 11A and the unit slat 11B or between the adjacent unit slats 11B and 11B.

  Specifically, the partition 13 is disposed between the front wall 2d side saw body 11A and the rear unit saw 11B to form the minimum volume front chamber 2A (maximum volume rear chamber 2B) (FIG. 1). In the case of forming a front chamber 2A having the maximum volume (the rear chamber 2B having the minimum volume) by arranging a partition 13 between the main body 11A on the rear wall 2e side and the front saw 11B. (Refer to the two-dot chain line state in FIG. 1) and between these, the case where the partition 13 is arranged between any adjacent unit saws 11B and 11B to form the front chamber 2A and the rear chamber 2B is selected. The volume of the front chamber 2A and the rear chamber 2B can be changed in accordance with the cargo amount of the frozen product or the cargo amount of the refrigerated product.

  On the other hand, the partition 13 has a heat insulating property, and as shown in FIG. 4, the partition 13 is formed in a rectangular shape substantially corresponding to the inner shape of the container 2 and can be folded in two via a hinge sheet 13e. The partition 13 is provided with a sealing material 13a (see FIG. 1) around it, and is provided with a fixing belt 13b having mounting brackets 13c on one surface and a plurality of air ribs 13d on both surfaces. It is provided and formed.

  Therefore, after carrying the partition 13 into the container 2, the mounting bracket 13c is locked to the locking portion (not shown) of the lashing rail disposed on the inner surface of the side wall 2c of the container 2, and the fixing belt 13b is stretched. As a result, between the adjacent adjacent saw blades 11, that is, between the rear end of the front wall 2 d side saw body 11 A and the front end of the rear wall 2 e side saw body 11 A, the distance between the unit saws 11 B is within the container 2. The partition 13 can be fixed at an arbitrary position.

  At this time, the partition 13 has sealing members 13a provided around it on the inner surface of the flat bottom wall 2a, the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls 2c, and the outer surface of a flat ventilation duct 14 provided on the ceiling wall 2b described later. Since it adheres without a gap, the leakage of heat between the front chamber 2A and the rear chamber 2B can be suppressed as much as possible. Moreover, since the cross-sectional area of the stainless steel plate of the bottom wall 2a is significantly reduced as compared with the T-shaped flooring, the amount of heat transfer is also greatly reduced. In addition, an air passage can be secured between the air rib 13d and the cargo, and it is possible to prevent the cargo from contacting the partition 13 and transferring heat directly to the cargo.

  Further, the inner surface of the ceiling wall 2b of the container 2 has a width substantially corresponding to the interval between the inner surfaces of the left and right side walls 2c, is located in the vicinity of the front wall 2d, has one end opened to the front chamber 2A, and the rear wall 2e. A flat ventilation duct 14 having the other end opened to the rear chamber 2B at a fixed distance from is fixed. The ventilation duct 14 has a substantially middle portion in the width direction and is divided into left and right by a partition wall 14a (see FIG. 2). Of these, the right ventilation passage 14R is seen from the rear wall 2e side to the front wall 2d side. The cool air in the front chamber 2A is set to guide the cool air to the rear chamber 2B, and the left vent passage 14L is set to guide the cool air in the rear chamber 2B to the front chamber 2A. The shutter 15 is rotatable at the front wall 2d side opening and the rear wall 2e side opening of the right ventilation path 14R and the front wall 2d side opening and the rear wall 2e side opening of the left ventilation path 14L. Is provided.

  Here, each shutter 15 normally closes each opening by its own weight, and when a cool air fan 17 to be described later is driven, each shutter 15 rotates against its own weight and moves from the front chamber 2A to the rear. Cold air can be guided to the chamber 2B, and relatively high-temperature cold air can be guided from the rear chamber 2B to the front chamber 2A. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the cool air fan 17 is driven, the shutter 15 rotates against its own weight and opens the rear wall 2 e side opening so that the cool air in the front chamber 2 </ b> A is moved to the right. It can be led to the rear chamber 2B through the air passage 14R.

  Further, the rear end portion of the ceiling wall 2b has a width substantially corresponding to the inner surface interval of the left and right side walls 2c, and has a mixing chamber 16a inside and an opening communicating with the mixing chamber 16a in the front and rear. A box-shaped mixing duct 16 is fixed, and in the mixing chamber 16 a of the mixing duct 16, one cold air fan 17 and a plurality of circulation fans 18 are disposed. The other side of the suction duct 19 whose one end is connected to the opening on the rear wall 2e side of the right ventilation path 14R is connected to the front opening of the mixing duct 16 communicating with the mixing chamber 16a in which the cool air fan 17 is provided. The ends are connected (see FIG. 6). On the other hand, an electric heater 20 is provided in the front opening of the mixing duct 16 that communicates with the mixing chamber 16a in which the circulation fan 18 is provided, and the front opening is provided with the left vent path described above. 14L is opened to the rear chamber 2B at a certain distance from the rear wall 2e side opening (see FIGS. 2 and 7). Further, the rear opening of the mixing duct 16 is formed so as to face only the mixing chamber 16a provided with the circulation fan 18, and the opening is formed on the inner surface of the rear wall 2e via the sealing material 16b. Is connected to an air passage 21 extending in the vertical direction.

  The mixing chamber 16a of the mixing duct 17 is partitioned by a partition wall 161 (see FIG. 2) between the cool air fan 17 and the circulation fan 18 on the suction side where the cool air fan 17 and the circulation fan 18 are disposed. . For this reason, the cold air in the front chamber 2A can be guided only to the cold air fan 17 through the ventilation duct 14 and the suction duct 19.

  Although not shown in detail, the refrigeration unit 3 is a motor, for example, a diesel engine provided with a fuel tank, a generator driven by the diesel engine, and an electric motor driven by using electricity generated by the generator. It is composed of a refrigeration system including a compressor, and is designed so that the refrigeration capacity can be maintained over a set time even when there is no power source, such as rail transport, ship transport, trailer transport.

  A heat exchanger 22 that exchanges heat with the evaporator of the refrigeration apparatus is provided at the front end of the ceiling wall 2b, and a fan 23 that supplies the cold air heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 22 to the front chamber 2A. Is provided. An air passage 21 extending in the vertical direction is provided on the inner surface of the front wall 2d in order to guide the cool air supplied by the fan 23 downward.

  The refrigeration unit 3 is controlled by a control device (not shown), and the cold air fan 17, the circulation fan 18, the electric heater 20, and the fan 23 described above are wired to the control device and are connected via the control device. ON-OFF control.

  Next, the operation of the refrigerated container 1 configured as described above will be described.

  First, in the pickup area, the sword body 11A is installed along the front wall 2d, and after placing an appropriate number of unit swords 11B in abutment with the rear end of the sword body 11A, the sword body 11A and the unit sword 11B are installed. Cargo (frozen products) is loaded on top of it using forklifts and other transportation equipment. When the loading of the frozen product is completed, the partition 13 is attached and the inside of the container 2 is partitioned into the front chamber 2A and the rear chamber 2B, and then the remaining unit saw 11B is installed on the bottom wall 2a serving as the rear chamber 2B. The main body 11A is installed along the rear wall 2e, and similarly, cargo (refrigerated goods) is loaded on the unit saw 11B and the main body 11A using a transportation device such as a forklift, and the rear wall 2e is closed. .

  Thereafter, the refrigerated container 1 is transported toward the delivery place. Specifically, trucks can be used to transport trucks directly to delivery areas, or to trailers using freight stations to transport to the target freight station. Or, use a trailer to transport to the port, ship to the target port, and then transport the truck again from the port to the delivery location.

  When the refrigerated container 1 is transported from such a collection place to a delivery place, a two-temperature zone selection switch (not shown) for controlling the front chamber 2A to the refrigeration temperature and the rear chamber 2B to the refrigeration temperature is turned on. Then, the refrigeration unit 3 is operated.

  That is, when the diesel engine is driven by turning on the two temperature zone selection switch, the generator is driven, and the electric compressor of the refrigeration apparatus is driven by the electricity generated by the generator. When the electric compressor is driven, the refrigerant is compressed and supplied to the condenser, and cooled by the condenser to become a liquid having a high pressure. Thereafter, when the liquefied refrigerant is blown out to the evaporator through the expansion valve, the liquefied refrigerant is vaporized, and the heat of vaporization is taken from the periphery of the evaporator to be cooled. The refrigerant that has become gas is sucked into the electric compressor, and the refrigeration cycle is performed again.

  Here, the air in the front chamber 2A is sucked by the fan 23, is heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 22 and cooled, and is then supplied to the saw body 11A through the air passage 21 provided in the front wall 2d. The unit is blown upward from the unit saw 11B. In this way, the air in the front chamber 2A is circulated, and the interior of the front chamber 2A is controlled to maintain a set temperature, for example, −20 ° C.

  On the other hand, the circulation fan 18 is driven in the rear chamber 2B. Therefore, the air in the rear chamber 2B is sucked into the circulation fan 18 and supplied to the main body 11A through the air passage 21 provided in the rear wall 2e. The snowboard body 11A and the unit snowboard 11B are blown upward. In this way, the air in the rear chamber 2B is circulated, and the interior of the rear chamber 2B is controlled to maintain a set temperature, for example, 15 ° C.

  By the way, when the internal temperature of the rear chamber 2B detected by the temperature sensor 24 (see FIG. 7) exceeds the set temperature by a certain temperature, the cool air fan 17 is driven and the right air passage is connected via the suction duct 19. A suction force is applied to the shutter 15 provided in the opening on the rear wall 2e side of 14R. For this reason, the shutter 15 provided in the opening on the rear wall 2e side of the right ventilation path 14R and the shutter 15 provided in the opening on the front wall 2d side are rotated against their own weights. Therefore, the cold air in the front chamber 2A is sucked into the mixing block 16 through the right air passage 14R and the suction duct 19 of the ventilation duct 14, and is then fed from the cold air fan 17 side mixing chamber 16a to the circulation fan 18 side mixing chamber 16a and the rear wall 2e. It is supplied to the saw body 11A through the air passage 21 provided in the top and blown upward from the saw body 11A and the unit saw 11B.

  At this time, since the air in the rear chamber 2B is circulated by the circulation fan 18, the cold air in the front chamber 2A sucked into the mixing duct 16 and the cold air in the rear chamber 2B are mixed in the mixing chamber 16a of the mixing duct 16. And gradually cooled.

  Further, since the cool air in the front chamber 2A is supplied to the rear chamber 2B by the cool air fan 17, a positive pressure is generated in the rear chamber 2B. For this reason, the shutter 15 of the left vent passage 14L is rotated against its own weight, and the air in the rear chamber 2B is supplied to the front chamber 2A via the left vent passage 14L. That is, the air supplied from the front chamber 2A to the rear chamber 2B returns to the front chamber 2A from the rear chamber 2B by that volume, and always maintains an equilibrium state.

  In this case, since the opening on the front wall 2d side of the ventilation passage 14L on the left side of the ventilation duct 14 is opened in the vicinity of the front wall 2d, the cool air in the rear chamber 2B returned to the front chamber 2A is immediately cooled by the fan 23. The air is sucked and cooled by the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, the relatively high-temperature cold air that has been refluxed from the rear chamber 2B to the front chamber 2A is prevented from coming into contact with the cargo (frozen product) in the front chamber 2A, and the quality of the cargo is not degraded.

  As described above, when the air in the rear chamber 2B is cooled and reaches the set temperature, the temperature sensor 24 detects the temperature and stops the driving of the cool air fan 17.

  On the other hand, when the cool air of the front chamber 2A is guided to the rear chamber 2B or due to heat leakage from the rear chamber 2B to the front chamber 2A, the temperature of the rear chamber 2B is lower than the set temperature by a predetermined temperature or more. Then, when the cool air fan 17 is being driven, the drive of the cool air fan 17 is stopped and the electric heater 20 is operated to circulate the air in the rear chamber 2B via the circulation fan 18, and the sucked air is Heated by the electric heater 20. When the air in the rear chamber 2B is heated and reaches a set temperature, the operation of the electric heater 20 is stopped.

  As described above, when the temperature of the rear chamber 2B exceeds the set temperature, the cool air fan 17 is driven, the cool air in the front chamber 2A is guided to the rear chamber 2B, and the interior is cooled. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the electric heater 20 is operated, and the air in the rear chamber 2B is heated and circulated to easily control the internal temperature of the rear chamber 2B so as to maintain the set temperature. be able to. Moreover, it is only necessary to lay an electrical wiring between the refrigeration unit 3 and the rear chamber 2B, and the operation can be easily performed as compared with the case where the engine coolant or the high-temperature refrigerant is guided to the rear chamber 2B through the pipe. In addition, it is not necessary to consider the leakage of cooling water or refrigerant, and the degree of occurrence of defects is reduced.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when both frozen and refrigerated goods are mixed and improved in transport efficiency using a refrigerated container, the interior of each cabinet is surely set in two temperature zones corresponding to the frozen and refrigerated goods. In addition, it can be controlled over a long period of time, and the cargo can be transported from the shipper to the shipper without impairing the quality.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the outline of one Embodiment of the freezing container of this invention. It is a top view which abbreviate | omits and shows the rear-end part of the refrigeration container of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows this example of soot. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a partition. It is sectional drawing which shows the shutter provided in the ventilation path of the right side in a ventilation duct. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the position corresponding to a cold air fan of a mixing duct. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the position corresponding to a circulation fan of a mixing duct.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigeration container 2 Container 3 Refrigeration unit 11 Sunoko 11A Sunoko main body 11B Unit snowboard 13 Partition 14 Ventilation duct 16 Mixing duct 17 Cold air fan 18 Circulation fan 20 Electric heater 22 Heat exchanger 23 Fan

Claims (1)

It consists of a container formed from a front wall, ceiling wall, bottom wall, left and right side walls, and rear wall that have heat insulation properties, and a refrigeration unit provided on the outer surface of the front wall of the container, and can move along the inner surface of the container The interior is divided into a front chamber on the front wall side and a rear chamber on the rear wall side through a partition, and the front chamber is set to the low temperature side and the rear chamber is set to the high temperature side, and the front chamber is cooled by the refrigeration unit. On the other hand, a refrigerated container that cools the rear chamber by guiding the cool air in the front chamber to the rear chamber, and forms a flat surface on the bottom wall, while arranging a plurality of saws on the bottom wall, A refrigerated container, characterized in that a partition is disposed between the slots.

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