JP2006046115A - Oil separator structure of compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil separator structure of a compressor capable of effectively separating oil included in mist gas when returning refrigerant into a suction chamber from a crank chamber. <P>SOLUTION: This oil separator structure of the compressor has a bleeding passage 15 for communicating the crank chamber 14 with the suction chamber 11 of the compressor 1 always. The bleeding passage 15 is provided with a communicating chamber 17 formed in a rear end part of a driving shaft 5 to communicate with the suction chamber 11 through a communicating passage 16, a communicating hole 18 extending from an intermediate part of the driving shaft 5 to a rear end, and two sets of longitudinal holes 19 to 22 extending in the radial direction from the communicating hole 18. Consequently, since oil is energized in the direction in which oil leaves an axis of the driving shaft 5 by centrifugal force after introducing mist gas into the communicating hole 18 from the crank chamber 14 through the longitudinal hole 21, oil is separated to return into the crank chamber 14 through the longitudinal hole 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil separator structure of a compressor (compressor) provided in a vehicle air conditioner or the like, and relates to an oil separator structure of a compressor that separates lubricating oil when returning a refrigerant from a crank chamber to a suction chamber.

  Patent Document 1 describes “a variable compression capacity mechanism in a swing swash plate compressor”. In this conventional compressor, a center hole (bypass escape hole in Patent Document 1) parallel to the shaft center is formed in the shaft center part of the drive shaft, and the center hole and the crank chamber communicate with each other in the radial direction. A vertical hole is provided, and during operation of the compressor, mist gas (mixed fluid consisting of gas refrigerant and mist oil) is guided from the crank chamber to the center hole through the vertical hole. Part of the oil having a higher specific gravity is separated from the mist gas by centrifugal force and returned to the crank chamber. Thereafter, when the mist gas containing the remaining oil passes through the center hole of the drive shaft, the oil and the refrigerant are further separated by centrifugal force at the wall surface of the center hole. In this way, the oil is separated from the refrigerant and returned to the crank chamber, and only the refrigerant is guided from the center hole to the suction chamber.

In such a conventional compressor, by separating the lubricating oil and the air conditioning refrigerant, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil in the crank chamber from flowing into the suction chamber together with the refrigerant. And the shaft seal can be sufficiently lubricated. Moreover, by separating the lubricating oil and the air conditioning refrigerant as described above, the power efficiency and volumetric efficiency of the compressor can be maintained in a good state, and the efficiency of the heat exchanger of the vehicle air conditioner is also improved. It can be kept in a good state.
JP-A-61-255285 (pages 13 and 14, FIG. 1)

  However, in the compressor described in Patent Document 1, since the center hole parallel to the shaft center of the drive shaft is located in the shaft center portion of the drive shaft, the mist gas passes through the center hole of the drive shaft. In order to effectively separate the oil by centrifugal force at the inner peripheral wall portion of the center hole, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the center hole, and as a result, the drive shaft becomes thicker and the compressor becomes larger and the weight increases. In addition to the problem of increasing, there was a concern that the strength of the drive shaft itself would decrease.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described prior art, and an object thereof is to effectively separate oil contained in mist gas in the crank chamber when returning the refrigerant from the crank chamber to the suction chamber. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil separator structure for a compressor.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a bleed passage that always communicates a crank chamber and a suction chamber of a compressor, and this bleed passage is formed in a rear end portion of the drive shaft of the compressor, and the suction chamber A compressor chamber that separates the lubricating oil when returning the refrigerant from the crank chamber to the suction chamber, the communication chamber having a communication chamber communicating with the communication shaft, and a communication hole extending from an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft to the rear end. In the separator structure, a start end of the communication hole located at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft is configured to be displaced in the radial direction from the axis of the drive shaft.

  In the present invention configured as described above, when the compressor is actuated to rotate the drive shaft and mist gas enters the communication hole from the crank chamber of the compressor, the start end of the communication hole is in the radial direction from the axis of the drive shaft. Therefore, a large centrifugal force acts on the mist gas at the inner peripheral wall surface portion of the communication hole, and oil having a higher specific gravity than the refrigerant is separated. As a result, when the refrigerant is returned from the crank chamber to the suction chamber via the extraction passage, the oil contained in the mist gas in the crank chamber can be effectively separated.

  In the present invention, when the refrigerant is returned from the crank chamber to the suction chamber via the extraction passage, the lubricating oil contained in the mist gas in the crank chamber can be effectively separated by the centrifugal force in the communication hole of the drive shaft.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the drive shaft as in the conventional case where the communication hole is located at the shaft center of the drive shaft. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the drive shaft. It is possible to avoid a reduction in the strength of the drive shaft and to obtain a compact and light compressor.

  Hereinafter, details of an oil separator structure of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Configuration of Compressor 1 Provided with First Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 1 includes a housing 2, a rear housing 3 joined to a rear end side (right side in FIG. 1) of the housing 2, and interposed between the housing 2 and the rear housing 3. A valve plate 4 that rotates, a drive shaft 5 that is rotatably supported by the housing 2, a drive force transmission unit 6 that is connected to the tip of the drive shaft 5 and transmits a rotational drive force by an engine (not shown), and a drive shaft 5 A rotary support 7 fixed in the middle in the longitudinal direction, a swash plate 8 supported via the rotary support 7, and a piston 10 connected to the swash plate 8 and reciprocating in the cylinder bore 9. And is mainly composed. In the compressor 1, the suction chamber 11 and the discharge chamber 12 in the rear housing 2 are connected to an external refrigerant circuit (not shown), and the refrigerant gas flows into the suction chamber by reciprocating the piston 10 in the cylinder bore 9. 11 flows into the cylinder bore 9 and is compressed to a predetermined pressure in the cylinder bore 9, and then high-pressure refrigerant gas is discharged into the discharge chamber 12 and circulates in the external refrigerant circuit.

  [First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the oil separator structure 13 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the oil separator structure 13 has a bleed passage 15 that always communicates the crank chamber 14 and the suction chamber 11 of the compressor 1. The bleed passage 15 is formed in the rear end portion of the drive shaft 5, and a communication chamber 17 that communicates with the suction chamber 11 through the communication passage 16, and a communication hole that extends from the longitudinal intermediate portion of the drive shaft 5 to the rear end. 18, a pair of vertical holes 19, 20 extending radially from the start end A of the communication hole 18, and another set of vertical holes 21, 22 extending radially from the rear side from the start end A of the communication hole 18. ing.

  The communication hole 18 has a predetermined diameter D and is formed obliquely with respect to the axis of the drive shaft 5. The start end A of the communication hole 18 is located at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft 5, while the end B of the communication hole 18 is located at the rear end of the drive shaft 5 and faces the communication chamber 17. Has an opening. Further, the axial center of the communication hole 18 is disposed at the axial center of the drive shaft 5 at the end B, and the communication hole 18 is displaced in the radial direction from the axial center of the drive shaft 5 as it goes from the final end B to the start end A. Is getting bigger. The outer rotation diameter R of the inner peripheral wall portion at the start end A of the communication hole 18 is larger than the diameter D of the communication hole 18.

  Each set of vertical holes 19 and 20 has an opening facing the crank chamber 14, and one vertical hole 19 has a radial direction opposite to the direction in which the communication hole 18 is eccentric from the axis of the drive shaft 5 (the wall of the drive shaft 5 The other vertical hole 20 is a small-diameter hole extending in the same radial direction as the eccentric direction (the side where the thickness of the drive shaft 5 is small). Similarly, the other set of vertical holes 21 and 22 each have an opening facing the crank chamber 14, and one vertical hole 21 extends in the radial direction opposite to the direction in which the communication hole 18 is eccentric from the axis of the drive shaft 5. It is a large-diameter hole, and the other vertical hole 22 is a small-diameter hole extending in the same radial direction as the eccentric direction. Of these, the diameter of one of the vertical holes 19 and 21 (large-diameter hole) is set to be smaller than the diameter D of the communication hole 18, and the mist gas (mist oil) is supplied from the crank chamber 14 through these vertical holes 19 and 21. And the separated oil is discharged to the crank chamber 14. Further, the separated oil is discharged to the crank chamber 14 through the other vertical holes 20 and 22 (small diameter holes).

  A swash plate support portion 23 that supports the center portion of the swash plate 8 is slidably inserted into the drive shaft 5. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inclination of the swash plate 8 is large and the piston 10 is allowed to flow. When in the stroke state, the swash plate support portion 23 moves to the front end side, and the set of vertical holes 19 and 20 located at the start end A is blocked, and another set of vertical holes 21 located on the rear end side from this, 22 is exposed. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the inclination of the swash plate 8 is small and the piston 10 is in a small stroke state, the swash plate support portion 23 moves to the rear end side and the pair of vertical holes 21 and 22 are blocked. , Another set of vertical holes 19 and 20 located at the start end A is exposed.

  In the first embodiment configured as described above, when the drive shaft 5 is rotated by the operation of the compressor 1 and a pair of vertical holes 21 and 22 are exposed as shown in FIGS. When the inside mist gas 24 enters the communication hole 18 through the large-diameter vertical hole 21, as a primary oil separation process, oil having a specific gravity higher than that of the refrigerant near the inlet (opening) of the vertical hole 21 is due to centrifugal force to some extent. It is separated and returned to the crank chamber 14. Next, after the mist gas 24 containing the remaining oil is introduced into the communication hole 18, as a secondary oil separation process, when the mist gas 24 moves from the middle part of the communication hole 18 to the end B side, the specific gravity is increased by centrifugal force. Since large oil is urged in the direction away from the axis of the drive shaft 5 (outer diameter direction), the oil 25 is separated and adheres to the inner peripheral wall portion of the communication hole 18, and the communication hole is connected to the communication hole from the axis of the drive shaft 5. The oil 18 is returned to the crank chamber 14 through the small-diameter vertical hole 22 by returning to the direction in which the amount of deviation 18 increases (leftward in FIG. 2). At the same time, the oil 25 permeates through the other small-diameter vertical holes 20 to lubricate the swash plate support 23 and the drive shaft 5. Further, after separating the oil 25 from the mist gas 24 in this manner, the remaining refrigerant 26 is introduced from the end B of the communication hole 18 into the communication chamber 17 at the rear end portion of the drive shaft 5 and through the communication path 16. Then, it is guided to the suction chamber 11.

  In the oil separator structure 13 of the first embodiment configured as described above, the communication hole 18 is formed in an oblique direction with respect to the axis of the drive shaft 5, the start end A side of the communication hole 18 is offset in the radial direction, and the vertical hole Since a large centrifugal force acts on the mist gas 24 introduced into the communication hole 18 from 21, the oil 25 contained in the mist gas 24 can be effectively separated.

  In the first embodiment, the diameter D of the communication hole 18 is larger than the diameter of the large vertical holes 19, 21, and the flow rate when the mist gas 24 passes through the communication hole 18 is lower than the flow rate when the mist gas 24 passes through the vertical holes 19, 21. Therefore, the oil 25 can be more reliably separated in the communication hole 18.

  In the first embodiment, since the diameter of the vertical holes 20 and 22 for returning the oil 25 separated in the communication hole 18 is set smaller than the diameter of the vertical holes 19 and 21, the time for the oil 25 to pass from the vertical holes 20 and 22 is set. As a result, the flow rate at which the mist gas 24 is introduced through the vertical holes 19 and 21 is lowered, and the time for separating the oil 25 can be created. Further, since the diameters of the vertical holes 20 and 22 are small, the oil 25 accumulates on the inner peripheral wall surface of the communication hole 18, but is urged away from the axis of the drive shaft 5 by centrifugal force and communicates from the axis of the drive shaft 5. Since the amount of displacement of the hole 18 is returned in the direction in which the amount of displacement increases (leftward in FIG. 2), the oil 25 does not flow to the terminal end B side (right side in FIG. 2) of the communication hole 18.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the inclination of the swash plate 8 is large has been described. However, the same applies to the case where the inclination of the swash plate 8 is small as shown in FIG. , 20 are exposed, so that the mist gas 24 in the crank chamber 14 enters the communication hole 18 through the large-diameter vertical hole 19 and the oil 25 separated in the communication hole 18 passes through the small-diameter vertical hole 20 to the crank chamber. 14 is returned. Further, the configuration in which any one of the two sets of vertical holes 19 to 22 is blocked by the swash plate support portion 23 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which any one of the set of vertical holes 19 to 22 is closed.

  [Second Embodiment] FIGS. 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 to 6, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, in the oil separator structure 31 of the second embodiment, the diameter is larger than the start end A of the communication hole 18 as compared with the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above. The only difference is that only one set of vertical holes 19 and 20 extending in the direction is provided, and the other set of vertical holes 21 and 22 is omitted, and the other configuration is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.

  Even in the oil separator structure 31 of the second embodiment configured as described above, the oil 25 contained in the mist gas 24 is effectively used when returning the refrigerant from the crank chamber 14 to the suction chamber 11 as in the first embodiment. Can be separated.

  [Third Embodiment] FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the oil separator structure 32 of the third embodiment, the communication hole 33 is formed from the axial center of the drive shaft 5 as compared with the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Displacement in the radial direction and parallel arrangement with the axis of the drive shaft 5, and provision of an oil stopper 34 for preventing oil from flowing out of the communication hole 33 at the end B of the communication hole 33, The only difference is that only one vertical hole 35 extending from the start end A of the hole 33 is provided, and the other configuration is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the oil stopper 34 is formed by attaching a cap body 37 having a through hole 36 at the center to the rear end of the drive shaft 5. The vertical hole 35 extends in the same radial direction as the direction in which the communication hole 33 is displaced from the axis of the drive shaft 5 (the side where the thickness of the drive shaft 5 is small). The drive shaft 5 rotates by the operation of the compressor 1, and when the mist oil introduced through the vertical hole 35 moves from the intermediate portion of the communication hole 18 to the terminal end B side, the oil 25 is driven by the centrifugal force. After being separated in a direction away from the center of the shaft and adhering to the inner peripheral wall portion of the communication hole 33, it is returned into the crank chamber 14 through the vertical hole 35. At this time, when part of the oil 25 moves toward the end B, the oil 25 is stopped by the oil stopper 34 and collected between the cap body 37 and the rear end of the drive shaft 5. On the other hand, the refrigerant 26 having a small specific gravity flows out into the communication chamber 17 through the through hole 36 of the cap body 37.

  Even in the oil separator structure 32 of the third embodiment configured as described above, the oil contained in the mist gas is effectively separated when returning the refrigerant from the crank chamber 14 to the suction chamber 11 as in the first embodiment. can do.

[Other Embodiments Included within the Scope of the Present Invention]
8 to 10 are also included in the scope of the present invention. An oil separator structure 38 shown in FIG. 8 is an application example of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and the oil stopper 34 at the end B of the communication hole 33 is omitted. The oil separator structure 39 shown in FIG. 9 is an application example of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, and includes one large-diameter vertical hole 40 extending in the same radial direction as the direction in which the communication hole 18 is eccentric. Have only. Further, the oil separator structure 41 shown in FIG. 10 is an application example of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, and is inclined with respect to the axis from the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the drive shaft 5 to the rear end. A linear communication hole 42 is provided.

  According to the present invention, when the refrigerant is returned from the crank chamber to the suction chamber via the extraction passage, oil contained in the mist gas can be effectively separated by centrifugal force in the communication hole of the drive shaft, and a compact and light compressor is obtained. Since it is effective, it can be applied as a general vehicle air conditioner, and can also be widely applied as a general machine or industrial machine air conditioner.

It is sectional drawing of the compressor provided with the oil separator structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the oil separator structure of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the oil separator structure of 1st Embodiment in the state which the swash plate support part of the compressor moved. It is sectional drawing which shows the oil separator structure of the compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the drive shaft which follows the CC line of FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the process which isolate | separates oil with the oil separator structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the oil separator structure of the compressor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the application example of the oil separator structure of the compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other application example of the oil separator structure of the compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other application example of the oil separator structure of the compressor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 5 Drive shaft 11 Suction chamber 13 Oil separator structure 14 Crank chamber 15 Extraction passage 16 Communication passage 17 Communication chamber 18 Communication hole 19 Vertical hole (large diameter hole)
20 Vertical hole (small diameter hole)
21 Vertical hole (large diameter hole)
22 Vertical hole (small diameter hole)
23 Swash plate support part 31 Oil separator structure 32 Oil separator structure 33 Communication hole 34 Oil stopper 35 Vertical hole 38 Oil separator structure 39 Oil separator structure 40 Vertical hole 41 Oil separator structure 42 Communication hole A Start end B End

Claims (7)

  The compressor (1) has a bleed passage (15) that always communicates with the crank chamber (14) and the suction chamber (11), and the bleed passage (15) is a drive shaft (5) of the compressor (1). A communication chamber (17) formed at the rear end portion and communicating with the suction chamber (11), and a communication hole (18, 33, 42) extending from an intermediate portion of the drive shaft (5) to the rear end. The oil separator structure (13, 31, 32, 38, 39, 41) of the compressor (1) separates the lubricating oil when returning the refrigerant from the crank chamber (14) to the suction chamber (11). Thus, the start end (A) of the communication hole (18, 33, 42) located at the intermediate portion of the drive shaft (5) is displaced in the radial direction from the axis of the drive shaft (5). Oil separator structure (13, 31, 32, 38, 39, 41) of the compressor (1) characterized.   The oil separator structure for a compressor according to claim 1, wherein the communication hole (18, 42) is inclined with respect to an axis of the drive shaft (5) and is arranged at a rear end of the drive shaft (5). The amount by which the communication hole (18, 42) is displaced from the axis of the drive shaft (5) increases from the end (B) of the communication hole (18, 42) positioned toward the start end (A). The oil separator structure (13, 31, 39, 41) of the compressor (1) characterized by the above.   3. The compressor oil separator structure according to claim 2, wherein the communication hole (18, 42) is positioned at the shaft center (5) of the drive shaft at the terminal end (B). Oil separator structure (13, 31, 39, 41) of machine (1).   The oil separator structure for a compressor according to claim 1, wherein the vertical holes (19-22, 35, 40) have openings extending in a radial direction from the communication holes (18, 33) and facing the crank chamber (14). An oil separator structure (13, 32,) of the compressor (1), wherein the communication hole (18, 33) has an opening facing the communication chamber (17) at the end (B). 38, 39).   It is an oil separator structure of the compressor of Claim 4, Comprising: The said communication hole (33) is shifted in the radial direction from the axial center of the said drive shaft (5), and is parallel to the axial center of the said drive shaft (5). The oil separator structure (32, 38) of the compressor (1) according to claim 1, wherein   6. The oil separator structure for a compressor according to claim 5, wherein an oil stopper (34) for preventing oil outflow from the communication hole (33) is provided at a terminal end (B) of the communication hole (33). An oil separator structure (32) of the compressor (1) characterized in that. It is an oil separator structure of the compressor described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6, Comprising: The said vertical hole (19-22) is the said communicating hole (18) from the axial center of the said drive shaft (5). A small-diameter hole (20, 22) extending in the same radial direction as an eccentric direction and a large-diameter hole (19, 21) extending in a radial direction opposite to the eccentric direction of the communication hole (18) The oil separator structure (13, 31) of the compressor (1).

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