JP2006043855A - Bearing cap attaching and detaching device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate and fit a bearing cap to a cylinder block with one device. <P>SOLUTION: This bearing cap attaching and detaching device includes: a hook engagement parts 41a locked on the bearing cap 3 fitted to the cylinder block; an engagement member 40 having an abutting engagement part 41b abutted on the bearing cap 3 released from fitting to the cylinder block 1; a positioning mechanism for relatively positioning the engagement member 40 and the bearing cap 3 in the separating start position and the fitting start position; and driving mechanisms 60, 70 for driving the engagement member 40 for separating and fitting the bearing cap. Thus, the bearing cap is separated and fitted with one device, whereby in the automatic assembling production line of an engine or the like, the production equipment is reduced in size, the area required for installing the equipment is saved on, and the productivity is improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  According to the present invention, a bearing cap that is assembled to a cylinder block of an engine and integrally processed with a bearing hole is once detached from the cylinder block and re-fitted for assembly of a crankshaft or the like. The present invention relates to a bearing cap detaching device, and more particularly, to a bearing cap detaching device that can be installed in an automatic assembly production line of an engine.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the internal combustion engine has a cylinder cap 1, a bearing cap 3 that is integrally fixed to the cylinder block 1 with bolts 2, bearing holes 1 a and 3 a defined by the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap 3. A crankshaft 5 or the like that is rotatably supported via a two-part metal bearing 4 is provided. A piston (not shown) is reciprocally connected to the crankshaft 5 via a connecting rod (not shown).

  Here, prior to the assembly of the engine, a bearing cap 3 is fitted (press-fitted) into the cylinder block 1 with an interference fit and fixed by a bolt 2, and the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap 3 are integrated. In this state, the bearing holes 1a and 3a are processed. Then, after the bearing holes 1a and 3a are processed, the bolt 2 is loosened, and the bearing cap 3 is detached (separated) from the cylinder block 1 by a dedicated detaching (separating) device, and subsequently, the bearing holes 1a and 3a. After the metal bearing 4 is fitted to the semi-cylindrical surface that defines the cylinder shaft 5 and the crankshaft 5 is mounted, the bearing cap 3 is fitted (press-fitted) to the cylinder block 1 again by a dedicated fitting (press-fitting) device, The bolt 2 is fastened and fixed.

  Thus, in the automatic assembly production line of the engine, a dedicated bearing cap removing device for removing the bearing cap 3 and a dedicated bearing cap fitting device for fitting and fixing the bearing cap 3 are provided separately. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  Also, as a conventional bearing cap removing device, the cylinder unit, a pusher that is reciprocated by the cylinder unit, a slide member that is pressed by the pusher and simultaneously has a wedge function, and is inserted into a bearing hole defined by the cylinder block and the bearing cap. In this state, a pair of bars that are pushed apart by the wedge action of the slide member and separated from each other, and a spring that biases the pair of bars toward each other is known (for example, Patent Documents) 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-6152 JP-A-11-114736

  As described above, the conventional bearing cap detaching (separating) device applied to the automatic assembly production line only detaches (separates) the bearing cap 3 from the cylinder block 1, so that the crankshaft 5 is connected to the cylinder. To fit (press-fit) the block 1, a separate bearing cap fitting (press-fit) device is required. Therefore, the number of devices installed in the automatic assembly production line increases, and the production equipment becomes large. And increased installation space.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances of the above-described prior art, and an object thereof is to have a mechanism capable of detaching (releasing fitting) and fitting (press-fitting) a bearing cap with respect to a cylinder block. To provide a bearing cap attaching / detaching device that can reduce the size of production equipment in an automatic assembly production line of an engine, and as a result, can save space required for installation of the equipment and improve productivity. It is in.

  A bearing cap detaching device according to the present invention includes a hook engaging portion that is hooked to a bearing cap that is fitted to a cylinder block of an engine and a contact that is brought into contact with the bearing cap that is unfitted with the cylinder block. An engagement member having a joint, a positioning mechanism for relatively positioning the engagement member and the bearing cap at a separation start position for releasing the bearing cap and a fitting start position for fitting the bearing cap; And a drive mechanism for driving the engagement member to be detached and fitted.

According to this configuration, the engaging member is relatively positioned by the positioning mechanism with respect to the bearing cap fitted to the cylinder block, the hook engaging portion is hooked, and the engaging member is detached by the driving mechanism. When driven, the bearing cap is detached from the cylinder block. On the other hand, the engagement member is relatively positioned by the positioning mechanism with respect to the bearing cap that has been disengaged from the cylinder block, the contact engagement portion is contacted, and the engagement member is engaged by the drive mechanism. When driven in the direction, the bearing cap fits into the cylinder block.
As described above, since the bearing cap can be detached and fitted with one device, in the automatic assembly production line of the engine, etc., downsizing of the production equipment, space saving of the area required for installation of the equipment, Improvements in productivity can be achieved.

In the above configuration, the engaging member has a protruding piece that extends in the vertical direction and protrudes in the horizontal direction at the lower end thereof, and this protruding piece forms a hook engaging portion on the upper side thereof, and contacts on the lower side thereof. The structure which forms the contact engaging part is employable.
According to this configuration, when the cylinder block is oriented so that the bearing cap is positioned on the upper side, the protruding piece formed on the engaging member is positioned on the lower side of the bearing cap and moved upward. The hook engaging portion formed on the upper side is hooked on a part of the bearing cap to perform the detachment operation, while the protruding piece formed on the engaging member is positioned on the upper side of the bearing cap and moved downward. Then, the contact engagement portion formed on the lower side contacts the upper surface of the bearing cap to perform the fitting operation. In this way, it is possible to reliably perform the disengagement and the fitting while simplifying the structure of the engaging member and reliably maintaining the engaged state with the bearing cap.

In the above configuration, the projecting piece has an arc piece curved upward in a convex shape, and this arc piece forms a hook engaging part on the upper side and forms a contact engaging part on the lower side. The configuration can be adopted.
According to this configuration, with the cylinder block oriented so that the bearing cap is positioned on the upper side, the arc piece formed on the engaging member is positioned on the lower side (inside) of the bearing cap (inserted). The hook engaging portion formed on the upper side is hooked on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing cap to perform the detachment operation, while the arc piece formed on the engaging member is moved to the bearing cap. When it is positioned on the upper side and moved downward, the contact engagement portion formed on the lower side contacts the upper surface of the bearing cap to perform the fitting operation. In this way, it is possible to reliably perform the disengagement and the fitting while simplifying the structure of the engaging member and reliably maintaining the engaged state with the bearing cap.

The said structure can employ | adopt the structure which has a clamping part which clamps a bearing cap in cooperation with a hook engaging part.
According to this configuration, since the release operation is performed in a state where the hook engaging portion and the clamping portion cooperate to hold the bearing cap, it is possible to prevent the bearing cap from scattering due to the momentum of the separation operation, and the separation is completed. It is possible to release the bearing cap placed on a predetermined position on the cylinder block.

In the above configuration, the drive mechanism holds the engagement member and is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and when the movable base is at the first height position, the drive mechanism performs a cam action in the disengagement direction with respect to the movable base. A detaching camshaft having an effecting cam, a fitting camshaft having a cam exerting a cam action in the fitting direction with respect to the movable base when the movable base is at the second height position, a detaching camshaft, and a fitting A configuration including a gear train that transmits a rotational force to the combined camshaft and a single drive source that exerts a rotational drive force on the gear train can be employed.
According to this configuration, when the movable base is at the first height position, when the rotational force of the drive source rotates the separation camshaft via the gear train, the cam moves the movable base in the separation direction. The engaging member (the hook engaging portion) held by the movable base disengages the bearing cap. On the other hand, when the movable base is in the second height position, when the rotational force of the drive source rotates the cam shaft for fitting through the gear train, the cam moves the movable base in the fitting direction, and the movable base The engagement member (the contact engagement portion thereof) held by the engagement member fits the bearing cap.
As described above, since the detaching camshaft and the fitting camshaft are rotationally driven by one driving source, the driving mechanism can be simplified, and as a result, the apparatus can be miniaturized.

In the above configuration, the gear train transmits the rotational force only to the separation camshaft when the drive source rotates in one direction, and transmits the rotational force only to the mating camshaft when the drive source rotates in the other direction. It is possible to employ a configuration including a clutch mechanism.
According to this configuration, by including the clutch mechanism in the gear train, it is possible to prevent the mating camshaft from rotating unnecessarily during the detachment operation, and the detachment camshaft is prevented during the mating operation. Unnecessary rotation can be prevented. Therefore, since interference between parts due to useless rotation can be prevented, the parts can be arranged together and the apparatus can be downsized.

In the configuration described above, the engaging member is held by the movable base and cooperates with the hook engaging portion to have the first engaging member having a holding portion that holds the bearing cap, and is movable in the horizontal direction with respect to the movable base. And a second engagement member that forms a hook engagement portion and a contact engagement portion, and the positioning mechanism moves the second engagement member in the horizontal direction with respect to the first engagement member. It is possible to adopt a configuration that includes a horizontal drive unit that is positioned by positioning and a lifting unit that lifts and positions the cylinder block and the bearing cap in the vertical direction.
According to this configuration, when the separation operation is performed, the cylinder block and the bearing cap are raised by the elevating unit, the upper surface of the bearing cap is brought into contact with the first engagement member (clamping portion), and the movable base is moved to the first position. By positioning the second engaging member horizontally by the horizontal drive unit and entering the lower side of the bearing cap, the engaging member and the bearing cap can be positioned at the separation start position.
On the other hand, when the fitting operation is performed, the second engagement member is moved horizontally by the horizontal drive unit and positioned immediately below the first engagement member, and the cylinder block and the bearing cap are raised by the lifting unit to raise the second engagement member. Positioning the engaging member and the bearing cap at the fitting start position by positioning the movable base at the second height position while bringing the upper surface of the bearing cap into contact with the combined member (contact engaging portion) Can do.

In the above configuration, the movable base includes a second movable base held via a compression spring, and the fitting camshaft adopts a configuration in which a cam action is exerted on the second movable base in the fitting direction. Can do.
According to this configuration, the pressing load due to the cam action of the fitting camshaft is transmitted from the second movable base to the movable base and the engagement member (contact engagement portion) via the compression spring. Here, if the bearing cap is displaced from the position where the cylinder block should be fitted, the compression spring is deformed and absorbs the pressing load exceeding a predetermined level, so that an excessive load is not applied and the device is damaged. Etc. can be prevented.

The said structure can employ | adopt the structure which the 1st engagement member is hold | maintained so that it can move to an up-down direction via a compression spring with respect to a movable base.
According to this configuration, the pressing load due to the cam action of the detaching camshaft is transmitted from the movable base to the second engagement member (hook engagement portion), and the second engagement member (hook engagement portion) is a bearing cap. Is clamped in cooperation with the first engagement member (clamping portion). Here, when the pressing load (or the moving amount) of the second engagement member exceeds a predetermined level, the first engagement member is appropriately moved while the compression spring is deformed accordingly, and therefore a clamping force acts more than necessary. The bearing cap can be securely clamped and held.

In the above configuration, the engaging members are provided in a plurality corresponding to the number of bearing caps, and the detaching cam shaft and the fitting cam shaft each have a plurality of cams corresponding to the number of engaging members. A configuration can be employed.
According to this configuration, when a plurality of bearing caps are set for the cylinder block, the plurality of bearing caps can be detached by a single detaching operation, and a plurality of fittings can be performed by a single fitting operation. A bearing cap can be fitted.

In the above-described configuration, a configuration in which the plurality of cams include cams having different rotation phases so as to exert a cam action at different timings can be adopted.
According to this configuration, the plurality of cams include cams having different rotational phases, i.e., cams whose angular positions of the maximum lifts are deviated, so that the release camshaft or the fitting camshaft rotates once. Since a disengagement load or a fitting load is applied at different timings, a large load is not applied to the drive source and the gear train at once, but a small load is applied in a distributed manner, so the load is reduced accordingly. . Therefore, the drive source can be reduced in size, and the durability of the drive mechanism can be increased.

In the above configuration, the movable base may include a roller that includes a roller that is in rolling contact with the cams of the detachment camshaft and the fitting camshaft.
According to this configuration, each cam of the detaching camshaft and the fitting camshaft exerts a cam action on the movable base via the roller, so that a smooth cam action is obtained and wear of the contact surface is prevented. The durability of the device can be increased.

  According to the bearing cap attaching / detaching device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the bearing cap can be detached from the cylinder block (release of fitting) and fitted (press-fit) with one device. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the size of production equipment in an engine assembly production line or the like, and as a result, it is possible to achieve space saving of an area required for installation of equipment, improvement of productivity, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 12 show an embodiment of a bearing cap detaching apparatus according to the present invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 are a plan view and a cross section showing an automatic assembly production line of an engine to which the apparatus is applied. 3, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are schematic configuration diagrams of the apparatus, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a part of the apparatus, FIG. 6 is a side view of the apparatus, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are sectional views showing a part of the apparatus. 9 is a plan view showing a part of the apparatus, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are a side view and a sectional view showing a part of the apparatus.

  This bearing cap detaching apparatus is applied to an automatic assembly production line of an engine. This automatic assembly production line includes a cylinder block 1 incorporating a bearing cap 3 as shown in FIGS. Work for attaching the bearing 4 to the bearing hole 1a of the main transport line 6 to be carried in from upstream, the automatic processor 7 installed adjacent to the transport line 6, the crankshaft 5 and the cylinder block 1, or the work associated therewith A stand 8, an automatic processor for performing other processing, a work stand, and the like are provided.

The automatic processor 7 includes a transfer unit 7a that transfers the cylinder block 1 to and from the main transfer line 6, a reverse fastening device 7b that reverses the cylinder block 1 on the transfer unit 7a and loosens and tightens the bolt 2. A mounting device 7c for mounting the crankshaft 5 to the cylinder block 1 in a state where the bearing cap 3 is detached (separated), a bearing cap mounting / dismounting device 10 according to the present invention, and the like are provided.
In this embodiment, the bearing cap detaching device 10 performs detachment and fitting operations of the five bearing caps 3 with respect to the cylinder block 1 applied to the V-type multi-cylinder engine.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 9, the bearing cap detaching device 10 is supported on a fixed base 20 and a bearing cap 3 that are supported by pedestals (not shown) and located at a predetermined height above the transfer unit 7 a. Movable as a drive mechanism for driving the first engagement member 30 and the second engagement member 40, the first engagement member 30 and the second engagement member 40 as engagement members that can be engaged by stopping and abutting The base member 50, the two disengagement camshafts 60, one mating camshaft 70, the gear train 80, and one drive source 90, and the disengagement start position and the mating start position of the bearing cap 3 are engaged members (first engagement). A horizontal drive unit 100 and an elevating unit 110 are provided as positioning mechanisms for relatively positioning the combined member 30 and the second engaging member 40) and the bearing cap 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6 to 8, the fixed base 20 is provided on the upper surface of the opening 21 through which the first engagement member 30 and the second engagement member 40 and the bearing cap 3 can be inserted. The vertical frame 22 and the horizontal frame 23, the abutting piece 24 provided on the lower surface thereof for abutting and positioning the cylinder block 1, the stopper sleeve 25 and the guide rod which are implanted on the upper surface and guide the movable base 50 26 etc.

  As shown in FIGS. 10, 11 (a) and 11 (b), the first engagement member 30 is in contact with the upper surface 3 u of the bearing cap 3 that is fitted to the cylinder block 1, and will be described later. 2 is provided with a clamping part 31 for clamping the bearing cap 3 from the upper side in the vertical direction in cooperation with the hook engaging part 41a of the engaging member 40.

  As shown in FIGS. 10, 11A, and 11B, the second engagement member 40 is movable in the horizontal direction (arrangement direction of the bearing cap 3) with respect to the guide 54 of the movable base 50 described later. An arc piece 41 as a protruding piece which is held and extends in the vertical direction and protrudes in the horizontal direction at the lower end thereof and is curved upward, a long hole 42 extending in the vertical direction, and a horizontal drive unit 100 described later. A key plate 43 connected to the connecting shaft 101 (inserted slidably in the vertical direction), a held portion 44 held slidably by the guide 54, and the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11A, the arc piece 41 is hook-engaging portion 41 a that is hooked to the lower surface (inner peripheral surface) 3 s of the bearing cap 3 that is fitted to the cylinder block 1. And a contact engagement portion 41b that is in contact with the upper surface 3u ′ of the bearing cap 3 ′ in a state where the engagement with the cylinder block 1 is released.

  That is, when the bearing cap 3 is detached, the hook engaging portion 41a of the second engaging member 40 is placed on the lower surface (inner peripheral surface) 3s while the clamping portion 31 of the first engaging member 30 is in contact with the upper surface 3u. Hook it away from the cylinder block 1. Here, by providing the first engagement member 30 (the clamping portion 31), it is possible to prevent the bearing cap 3 from scattering due to the momentum of the detachment operation. On the other hand, when the bearing cap 3 is fitted, the first engagement member 30 (the clamping portion 31) is not used, and the contact engagement portion 41b of the second engagement member 40 is brought into contact with the upper surface 3u ′. Push into cylinder block 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 7 to 11 (a), (b), five movable bases 50 are arranged above the fixed base 20, and each of the movable bases 50 is vertically moved by two guide rods 26 ( In the resting state, the stopper sleeve 25 is brought into contact with the stopper sleeve 25 and stopped.

  As shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 10, each movable base 50 has two support rods 51 held on the lower surface thereof so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and a first coupled to the lower end of the support rod 51. The engagement member 30, the compression spring 52 fitted around the support rod 51 to urge the first engagement member 30 downward, and the two rollers 53, 2 that can come into rolling contact with the detaching camshaft 60. A guide 54 or the like is provided that extends in the arrangement direction (horizontal direction) of the bearing cap 3 at the center portion sandwiched between the two support rods 51 and slidably holds the held portion 44 of the second engagement member 40. Yes.

  That is, the first engagement member 30 is held by the movable base 50 so as to be movable in the vertical direction via the compression spring 52. The second engagement member 40 is held movably in the arrangement direction (horizontal direction) of the bearing cap 3 with respect to the movable base 50.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, each movable base 50 moves in the vertical direction with respect to the two guide rods 55 and the two guide rods 55 that are provided to extend in the vertical direction on the upper surface thereof. A second movable base 56 having one roller 56a that can be freely supported and can be brought into rolling contact with the fitting camshaft 70. The second movable base 56 is disposed between the second movable base 56 and the movable base 50 (upper surface). Two compression springs 57 for urging the base 56 upward are provided. Here, the compression spring 57 has a spring characteristic (spring force) that antagonizes so as not to be elastically deformed by a pressing load necessary for a normal fitting operation, and is elastic only when a pressing load exceeding a predetermined level is applied. It is formed to be deformed.

That is, the second movable base 56 is held by the movable base 50 via the compression spring 57. When the fitting camshaft 70 exerts a cam action via the roller 56a, the pressing load is increased by the second movable base 56. 56 is transmitted to the movable base 50 and the second engagement member 40 (the contact engagement portion 41b) via the compression spring 57.
Here, when the bearing cap 3 is displaced from the position where the cylinder block 1 is to be fitted, a pressing load exceeding a predetermined level is applied, but the compression spring 57 is elastically deformed to absorb the load. Therefore, an excessive load is not applied, and damage to the device can be prevented.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 7, and 8, the two detaching camshafts 60 are provided below the respective rollers 53 on both sides of the engaging members (the first engaging member 30 and the second engaging member 40). The bearing caps 3 are arranged so as to extend in the arrangement direction.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, each detaching camshaft 60 has five cams that exert a cam action in the detaching direction (upward in the vertical direction) corresponding to the five movable bases 50 (rollers 53 thereof). 61. The five cams 61 are in a state in which the rotational phase of the other two cams 61 is shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the three cams 61 located at both ends and in the center, that is, the angular position of the maximum lift is shifted. Is formed.

  Thus, since the three cams 61 have different rotational phases from the two cams 61, the five cams 60 are rotated with respect to the five movable bases 50 (second engagement members 40). The release load is applied at different timings. Therefore, a large load is not applied to the drive source 90 and the gear train 80 at once, but a load is applied in a distributed manner, so the load is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the drive source can be reduced in size, and the durability of the drive mechanism can be increased.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 7, and 8, the fitting camshaft 70 is disposed so as to extend in the arrangement direction of the bearing cap 3 while facing directly above the second movable base 56 (roller 56 a). Yes.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the fitting camshaft 70 is cammed in the fitting direction (downward in the vertical direction) corresponding to the five movable bases 50 (the rollers 56a of the second movable base 56). It has five cams 71 that act. The five cams 71 are in a state in which the rotational phase of the other two cams 71 is shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the three cams 71 located at both ends and the center, that is, the angular position of the maximum lift is shifted. Is formed.

  As described above, since the three cams 71 have different rotational phases from the two cams 71, the five cams 70 are rotated with respect to the five movable bases 50 (second engagement members 40). The fitting load is exerted at different timings. Therefore, a large load is not applied to the drive source 90 and the gear train 80 at once, but a load is applied in a distributed manner, so the load is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the drive source can be reduced in size, and the durability of the drive mechanism can be increased.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the gear train 80 is arranged so as to mesh in the vertical direction along the vertical frame 22, and meshes with the drive gear 81 directly connected to the drive source 90 and the drive gear 81. The second gear 82, the third gear 83 that meshes with the second gear 82 and is coaxial with the fitting camshaft 70, the fourth gear 84 that meshes with the third gear 83, and the coaxial with the fourth gear 84 The fifth gear 85, the sixth gear 86 and the seventh gear 87, which mesh with the fifth gear 85 symmetrically with respect to the vertical line, mesh with the sixth gear 86 and are arranged coaxially with the one disengaging camshaft 60. The ninth gear 89 meshes with the eighth gear 88 and the seventh gear 87 and is disposed coaxially with the other detaching camshaft 60.

  The third gear 83 is provided with a clutch mechanism 83a for turning on / off transmission of driving force. The clutch mechanism 83a includes, for example, a latching piece that can be projected and retracted from the sliding interface, a spring that biases the latching piece so that the clutch is turned on, and the latching piece is in a sliding interface when rotating forward. When the third gear 83 and the fitting camshaft 70 are integrally rotated while projecting from the reverse rotation, the latching piece is buried from the sliding interface against the biasing force of the spring, and the clutch is turned off. A configuration in which the third gear 83 is idled with respect to the fitting camshaft 70 can be employed.

  That is, when the drive source 90 rotates in one direction, the clutch mechanism 83a is in a clutch-off state, releases the connection between the third gear 83 and the fitting camshaft 70, and the fitting camshaft 70 is stopped. Thus, the third gear 83 is idled. On the other hand, when the drive source 90 rotates in the other direction, the clutch is turned on, the third gear 83 and the fitting camshaft 70 are connected, and the fitting camshaft 70 is rotated integrally with the third gear 83. .

  The fourth gear 84 is provided with a clutch mechanism 84a for turning on / off transmission of driving force. As described above, the clutch mechanism 84a includes a latching piece that can be projected and retracted from the sliding interface, a spring that urges the latching piece so that the clutch is turned on, and the latching piece slides when it rotates forward. When the fourth gear 84 and the fifth gear 85 are integrally rotated by protruding from the dynamic interface and reversely rotated, the latching piece is buried from the sliding interface against the biasing force of the spring and the clutch is turned off. A configuration in which the fourth gear 84 is idled with respect to the fifth gear 85 can be employed.

  That is, when the drive source 90 rotates in one direction, the clutch mechanism 84a becomes clutch-on, connects the fourth gear 84 and the fifth gear 85, and passes through the sixth gear 86 and the eighth gear 88. At the same time as one release camshaft 60 is rotated, the other release camshaft 60 is rotated via the seventh gear 87 and the ninth gear 89. On the other hand, when the drive source 90 rotates in the other direction, the clutch is turned off, the connection between the fourth gear 84 and the fifth gear 85 is released, and the fourth gear 84 is stopped with the fifth gear 85 stopped. Make it idle. As a result, the rotational force is not transmitted to the two detaching camshafts 60, and the two camshafts 60 are stopped.

  Therefore, according to the gear train 80 and the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a, when the drive source 90 rotates in one direction, the first gear 81 to the eighth gear 88 with the clutch mechanism 83a turned off and the clutch mechanism 84a turned on. When the rotational force is transmitted to the ninth gear 89 and only the two detaching camshafts 60 are rotated and the drive source 90 is rotated in the other direction, the clutch mechanism 83a is on and the clutch mechanism 84a is off. A rotational force is transmitted from the first gear 81 to the third gear 83 so that only one fitting camshaft 70 rotates.

  Thus, by providing the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a in the gear train 80, it is possible to prevent the fitting camshaft 70 from rotating unnecessarily during the detaching operation, and for the detaching operation during the fitting operation. It is possible to prevent the camshaft 60 from rotating unnecessarily. Therefore, since interference between parts due to useless rotation can be prevented, the parts can be arranged together and the apparatus can be downsized.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, the drive source 90 is fixed on the horizontal frame 23, and is formed by a DC motor or a step motor that exerts a rotational driving force on the first gear 81. The driving source 90 may be another electromagnetic actuator as long as it generates a rotational driving force.

  As shown in FIGS. 4, 7, 8, 10, and 11, the horizontal drive unit 100 extends in the direction of arrangement of the bearing caps 3 and is connected to five second engaging members 40. 101, which is provided on the fixed base 20 and is formed by a drive cylinder 102 or the like that reciprocates the connecting shaft 101 in the extending direction (horizontal direction).

As shown in FIG. 11B, the connecting shaft 101 has five key grooves 101a into which the key plate 43 of the second engaging member 40 is fitted. As shown in FIG. Thus, it is supported at a predetermined height position so as to be movable in the horizontal direction (the direction in which the bearing caps 3 are arranged).
Therefore, when the connecting shaft 101 is moved by a predetermined stroke in the horizontal direction by the drive cylinder 102, the second engagement member 40 moves in the horizontal direction with respect to the movable base 50 (that is, the first engagement member 30), As shown in FIG. 4, the arc piece 41 of the second engagement member 40 moves backward from the position directly below the clamping portion 31 of the first engagement member 30 (rest position), and the first engagement member. It is selectively positioned at a position facing directly below 30 pinching portions 31.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 10, the connecting shaft 101 is inserted through the long holes 42 of the five second engaging members 40, and the key plate 43 is vertically moved with respect to the key groove 101a. It is relatively movable in the direction. Therefore, the movable base 50 has a first height position in contact with the stopper sleeve 25 as shown in FIG. 7 and a second height lifted by a predetermined amount from the first height position as shown in FIG. It is possible to move between the height positions.

The lifting / lowering unit 110 is provided on the transfer unit 7a, and is formed by a table 111 carrying the cylinder block 1 that is inverted so that the bearing cap 3 faces upward, a drive cylinder 112 that moves the table 111 up and down, and the like. Has been.
That is, the elevating unit 110 raises the table 111 at a predetermined lowered position by the drive cylinder 112 until a part of the cylinder block 1 comes into contact with the contact piece 24 of the fixed base 20, and the detachment operation or the fitting operation is performed. In the meantime, the position of the cylinder block 1 is positioned and held at the height position. On the other hand, when the disengagement operation or the fitting operation is finished, it is lowered again to a predetermined lowered position, and the transfer operation of the cylinder block 1 by the transfer unit 7a is performed. It comes to allow.

  Therefore, when performing the detachment operation, the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap 3 are raised by the elevating unit 110, and the upper surface of the bearing cap 3 is placed on the first engagement member 30 (the clamping portion 31) as shown in FIG. 3u is brought into contact with or close to the movable base 50, and the movable base 50 is positioned at the first height position. Then, the horizontal engagement unit 100 moves the second engagement member 40 horizontally and enters the lower side (inside) of the bearing cap 3, whereby the first engagement member 30, the second engagement member 40, and the bearing cap. 3 can be positioned at the separation start position.

  On the other hand, when the fitting operation is performed, the horizontal drive unit 100 moves the second engagement member 40 horizontally and positions it directly below the first engagement member 30, and the lift unit 110 moves the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap. As shown in FIG. 8, the movable base 50 is moved to the second height while the upper surface 3u ′ of the bearing cap 3 is brought into contact with the second engagement member 40 (contact engagement portion 41b). By lifting to the position, the second engagement member 40 and the bearing cap 3 can be positioned at the fitting start position.

Next, when the apparatus 10 is installed in the automatic assembly production line of the engine, the detachment operation and the fitting operation of the apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIGS.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the cylinder block 1 in which the bearing holes 1a and 3a are integrally processed is conveyed by the main conveyance line 6 and reaches the automatic processor 7, the transfer unit 7a is moved to the cylinder block. 1 is carried into the reverse fastening device 7b.
Then, the reverse fastening device 7b reverses the cylinder block 1 so that the bearing cap 3 faces upward, and then loosens the bolt 2. Then, the cylinder block 1 is returned to the transfer unit 7a in an inverted state.

Next, the transfer unit 7a carries the cylinder block 1 in which the bolt 2 is loosened and the bearing cap 3 is fitted into the bearing cap detaching device 10.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the lifting unit 110 raises the cylinder block 1 and positions a part of the cylinder block 1 in contact with the contact piece 24 and positions the upper surface 3 u of the bearing cap 3. Is brought into contact with or brought close to the holding portion 31 of the first engagement member 30.
At this time, the movable base 50 is in contact with the stopper sleeve 25 and is in the first height position. Further, as shown in FIG. 12B, the second engagement member 40 is in a retracted position that is off from directly below the first engagement member 30 before the cylinder block 1 is raised.

  Subsequently, the horizontal drive unit 100 is operated, and as shown in FIG. 13B, the arc piece 41 of the second engagement member 40 enters the lower side (inner side) of the bearing cap 3 and the disengagement start position. Position to. When the drive source 90 rotates in one direction, only the two detaching camshafts 60 rotate through the gear train 80 and the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a, and the cam 61 contacts the roller 53, and FIG. As shown in a), the movable base 50 is lifted by a predetermined amount (lifting operation is performed).

During this lift operation, the hook engaging portion 41a of the second engaging member 40 (the arc piece 41) engages with the lower surface (inner peripheral surface) 3s of the bearing cap 3 as shown in FIG. The bearing cap 3 is detached from the cylinder block 1 while the bearing cap 3 is clamped in the vertical direction in cooperation with the clamping portion 31 of the first engagement member 30.
Here, the clamping force by the clamping part 31 does not increase more than necessary when the compression spring 52 is elastically deformed as appropriate, and acts to the extent that the bearing cap 3 is not scattered.

  In this separation operation, as the separation camshaft 60 rotates, the three bearing caps 3 and the two bearing caps 3 are separated at different timings, so that all (five) bearing caps 3 are simultaneously Compared with the case where it is made to detach | leave, a load becomes small and smooth detachment | leave operation | movement is performed with a small driving force. As a result, power consumption can be reduced.

When the disengagement operation is completed, the movable base 50 is lowered and returned to the first height position where the movable base 50 abuts against the stopper sleeve 25 as shown in FIG. The second engaging member 40 (hook engaging portion 41a) is separated from the bearing cap 3, and the bearing cap 3 is placed on the cylinder block 1.
Thereafter, the horizontal drive unit 100 is actuated, and as shown in FIG. 14B, the second engagement member 40 (the arc piece 41 thereof) is retracted from directly below the first engagement member 30, and the bearing cap 3 Move to the rest position that has escaped from the lower side.

Subsequently, when the elevating unit 110 is lowered to the original lowered position, the bearing cap 3 is moved downward or away from the first engaging member 30 (the clamping portion 31), and at the same time, the cylinder block 1 is moved away from the contact piece 24. The transfer unit 7a carries the cylinder block 1 in which the fitting of the bearing cap 3 is released into the work stand 8 away from the lower side.
In the work stand 8, the crankshaft 5 is prepared side by side with the cylinder block 1, the bearing cap 3 is removed, and metal bearings 4 are mounted on the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap 3, respectively. Then, the bearing cap 3 to which the metal bearing 4 is attached and the bolt 2 is inserted is placed on the journal portion of the crankshaft 5.

  Subsequently, the transfer unit 7a carries the crankshaft 5 on which the cylinder block 1 and the bearing cap 3 are placed into the mounting device 7c. Then, the mounting device 7 c grips both ends of the crankshaft 5 on which the bearing cap 3 is placed, and mounts it in the bearing hole 1 a of the cylinder block 1.

Subsequently, the transfer unit 7 a carries the cylinder block 1 on which the crankshaft 5 and the bearing cap 3 are placed into the bearing cap detaching device 10.
In this bearing cap detaching apparatus 10, first, the horizontal drive unit 100 is operated to position the second engagement member 40 (arc piece 41) directly below the first engagement member 30 (clamping portion 31). Then, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the elevating unit 110 raises the cylinder block 1 and positions a part of the cylinder block 1 in contact with the contact piece 24, and positions the upper surface 3u of the bearing cap 3. ′ Is brought into contact with the contact engagement portion 41b of the arc piece 41, and the movable base 50 is raised by a predetermined amount to be positioned at the second height position, that is, the fitting start position.

Subsequently, when the drive source 90 rotates in the other direction, only one fitting camshaft 70 rotates through the gear train 80 and the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a, and the cam 71 contacts the roller 56a. As shown in (a) and (b), the movable base 50 is pushed down by a predetermined amount to perform the fitting operation.
In this fitting operation, since the three bearing caps 3 and the two bearing caps 3 are fitted at different timings as the fitting camshaft 70 rotates, all (five) bearing caps 3 are fitted. As compared with the case where the two are simultaneously fitted, the load is reduced, and a smooth fitting operation is performed with a small driving force. As a result, power consumption can be reduced.

  When the fitting camshaft 70 exerts a cam action in a state where the bearing cap 3 is displaced from a predetermined fitting position, a pressing load exceeding a predetermined level is applied, but the compression spring 57 is Since it is elastically deformed and absorbs the load, an unreasonable load is not applied, and damage to the device can be prevented.

  When the fitting operation is completed, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the cam 71 is separated from the roller 56a, and then the lifting unit 110 is lowered to the original lowered position, and the cylinder block 1 is moved. Move away from the contact piece 24. In this lowering operation, after the movable base 50 is lowered and comes into contact with the stopper sleeve 25 and stops (returns to the first height position), the upper surface 3u ′ of the bearing cap 3 is brought into contact with the second engagement member 40. It leaves | separates from the contact engaging part 41b.

Thereafter, the horizontal drive unit 100 is operated, and the second engagement member 40 (the arc piece 41 thereof) is retracted from directly below the first engagement member 30 and moved to the rest position.
Subsequently, the transfer unit 7a carries the cylinder block 1 fitted with the bearing cap 3 into the reverse fastening device 7b. And the reverse fastening apparatus 7b performs the fastening operation | work of the volt | bolt 2. FIG.
When the fastening operation is completed, the transfer unit 7 a delivers the cylinder block 1 in which the bearing cap 3 is incorporated to the main conveyance line 6. Thereafter, the cylinder block 1 is transported to subsequent processing steps (automatic processing machine and work stand).

In the said embodiment, although the case where the protrusion piece of the 2nd engagement member 40 was formed as the circular arc piece 41 which penetrates into the internal peripheral surface 3s of the bearing cap 3 was shown, it is not limited to this, You may employ | adopt what makes shapes other than the arc piece which can be engaged with a part (extension part or beam etc. extended in the horizontal direction) of a bearing cap.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the five bearing caps 3 are detached and fitted to the cylinder block 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cylinder block includes other number of bearing caps. However, the present invention can also be adopted.
In the above-described embodiment, as the engaging member, the second engaging member 40 having the hook engaging portion 41a hooked to the bearing cap 3 and the abutting engaging portion 41b to be in contact with the first engaging member having the clamping portion 31. Although two engaging members with the combined member 30 are employed, the present invention is not limited to this, and only one engaging member having a hook engaging portion and a contact engaging portion may be employed.

In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the movable base 50 is positioned at the second height position (fitting start position) while bringing the upper surface 3u ′ of the bearing cap 3 into contact with the contact engagement portion 41b has been described. The movable base 50 may be moved up and down by adopting a dedicated lifting unit.
In the above embodiment, the gear train 80 includes the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and unnecessary rotation of the detaching camshaft 60 and the fitting camshaft 70 is allowed. If the installation space to be secured is secured, a configuration in which the clutch mechanisms 83a and 84a are eliminated may be employed.

In the embodiment described above, the automatic processing machine 7 includes a reversing function (reverse fastening device 7b) on the assumption that the cylinder block 1 is transported upward in the main transport line 6. The present invention is not limited to this, and when the cylinder block 1 is transported in a reversed state (the bearing cap 3 faces upward), the reversing function is unnecessary. In that case, if only the fastening device is employed Good.
In the above embodiment, the case where the automatic processor 7 includes the mounting device 7c that automatically mounts the crankshaft 5 to the cylinder block 1 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the mounting device 7c is abolished. When the operator manually attaches (loads) the crankshaft 5 to the cylinder block 1 on the work stand 8, the bearing cap attaching / detaching device 10 of the present invention may be employed.

  As described above, the bearing cap detaching device of the present invention has a mechanism capable of detaching (releasing fitting) and fitting (press fitting) the bearing cap with respect to the cylinder block. If it is a field that is reduced and is particularly useful in an automatic assembly production line of an engine, etc., and a part that corresponds to a bearing cap needs to be attached to and detached from a main body that corresponds to a cylinder block, it can also be used in other fields. Useful.

It is a top view which shows the engine automatic assembly | attachment production line which installed the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the engine automatic assembly | attachment production line in E1-E1 in FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A) is a side view which shows a part of bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention, (b) is sectional drawing in E2-E2 in (a). (A), (b) is an operation | movement figure which shows the detachment | leave operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) is an operation | movement figure which shows the detachment | leave operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) is an operation | movement figure which shows the detachment | leave operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) is an operation | movement figure which shows fitting operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A), ((b)) is an operation | movement figure which shows fitting operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A), (b) is an operation | movement figure which shows fitting operation | movement of the bearing cap removal | desorption apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the engine comprised by a cylinder block, a bearing cap, a crankshaft, a metal bearing, etc.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder block 2 Bolt 3 Bearing cap 4 Bearing 5 Crankshaft 6 Main conveyance line 7 Automatic processor 7a Transfer unit 7b Reverse fastening device 7c Mounting device 10 Bearing cap removal device 20 Fixed base 21 Opening 22 Vertical frame 23 Horizontal frame 24 Contact piece 25 Stopper sleeve 26 Guide rod 30 First engagement member 31 Holding portion 40 Second engagement member 41 Arc piece (projection piece)
41a hook engaging part 41b contact engaging part 42 long hole 43 key plate 44 held part 50 movable base (drive mechanism)
51 Support rod 52 Compression spring 53 Roller 54 Guide 55 Guide rod 56 Second movable base 56a Roller 57 Compression spring 60 Detaching camshaft (drive mechanism)
61 Cam 70 Camshaft for fitting (drive mechanism)
71 Cam 80 Gear train (drive mechanism)
83a, 84a Clutch mechanism 90 Drive source (drive mechanism)
100 Horizontal drive unit (positioning mechanism)
101 Connecting shaft 102 Drive cylinder 110 Lifting unit (positioning mechanism)
111 Table 112 Drive cylinder

Claims (12)

An engaging member having a hook engaging portion hooked to a bearing cap fitted to a cylinder block of an engine and an abutting engaging portion abutted to the bearing cap unfitted to the cylinder block; ,
A positioning mechanism for relatively positioning the engagement member and the bearing cap at a separation start position for detaching the bearing cap and a fitting start position for fitting the bearing cap;
A drive mechanism for driving the engagement member to disengage and fit the bearing cap;
A bearing cap attaching / detaching device characterized by that. The engaging member has a protruding piece that extends in the vertical direction and protrudes in the horizontal direction at the lower end thereof,
The protruding piece forms the hook engaging portion on the upper side, and forms the contact engaging portion on the lower side,
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 1. The projecting piece has an arc piece curved in a convex shape upward,
The arc piece forms the hook engaging part on the upper side, and forms the contact engaging part on the lower side,
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 2. The engaging member has a holding part that holds the bearing cap in cooperation with the hook engaging part.
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The drive mechanism holds the engagement member and is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction; and when the movable base is at a first height position, the drive mechanism performs a cam action in the disengagement direction with respect to the movable base. A detaching camshaft having an effecting cam, a detaching camshaft having a cam that exerts a cam action in a fitting direction with respect to the movable base when the movable base is at the second height position, and the detaching cam A gear train that transmits rotational force to the shaft and the fitting camshaft, and one drive source that exerts rotational drive force on the gear train,
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 1, wherein the bearing cap attaching / detaching device is provided. The gear train transmits a rotational force only to the detaching camshaft when the drive source rotates in one direction, and applies a rotational force only to the fitting camshaft when the drive source rotates in the other direction. Including a clutch mechanism to transmit,
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 5. The engaging member is held by the movable base, and moves in a horizontal direction with respect to the movable base, and a first engaging member having a holding portion that holds the bearing cap in cooperation with the hook engaging portion. A second engagement member that is freely held to form the hook engagement portion and the contact engagement portion,
The positioning mechanism positions the second engagement member by moving the second engagement member in the horizontal direction relative to the first engagement member, and moves the cylinder block and the bearing cap up and down in the vertical direction. Elevating unit, and
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 5 or 6. The movable base includes a second movable base held via a compression spring;
The fitting camshaft exerts a cam action in the fitting direction with respect to the second movable base.
The bearing cap detaching apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus is a bearing cap detaching apparatus. The first engagement member is held movably in the vertical direction via a compression spring with respect to the movable base.
The bearing cap detaching device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein A plurality of the engaging members are arranged corresponding to the number of the bearing caps,
The detaching camshaft and the fitting camshaft each have a plurality of cams corresponding to the number of the engaging members.
10. A bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to any one of claims 5 to 9. The plurality of cams include cams having different rotational phases so as to exert a cam action at different timings.
The bearing cap attaching / detaching device according to claim 10. The movable base includes rollers that are in rolling contact with cams of the detaching camshaft and the fitting camshaft, respectively.
The bearing cap detaching apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus is a bearing cap detaching apparatus.

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