JP2006020571A - Method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cultivating Pleurotus eryngii, with which large-sized and uniform Pleurotus eryngii is obtained while significantly shortening the number of days of cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii in comparison with a conventional method. <P>SOLUTION: A medium raw material comprising coffee extraction grounds of and a substance to be a nutrient of Pleurotus eryngii is mixed with spawn of Pleurotus eryngii in an aseptic atmosphere with stirring and mixed inoculation is carried out. The amount of spawn of Pleurotus eryngii incubated is 0.3 wt.% to <1.5 wt.%. The CO<SB>2</SB>concentration in a generation chamber in a generation period is 1,000-4,000 ppm. The CO<SB>2</SB>concentration in the generation chamber in the generation period may be 2,000-4,000 ppm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating eringi, and in particular, to a method for cultivating eringi that can obtain large and uniform eringi while significantly reducing the number of days for cultivating eringi.

Conventionally, when artificially growing eringi, nutrient sources such as corn cobmeal, rice bran, and okara are added to sawdust such as cedar crab, and the medium is adjusted to a water content of about 65% by weight and sterilized in a clean room. Inoculate 1-2% of Eringi spp. On the top of the medium. Next, this bottle is placed in a culture room and dark-cultured under conditions of a temperature of 22 ° C. and a humidity of 60 to 80%, and then a fungus is removed to remove the thick film (depth 1 to 1.5 cm) of the mycelium on the surface of the medium. . The bottles that have finished fungi are transferred to the generation chamber, and sprouting is performed under conditions of a temperature of 14 to 18 ° C., a humidity of 60 to 95%, and an illuminance of 50 to 500 Lux in a normal environment where the CO ₂ concentration is not controlled. The sprouted mycelium grows over a predetermined period, forms fruit bodies and is harvested. During this period, it takes 2 days from the preparation of the medium to inoculation, 33 days from the inoculation to the end of culture, 11 days from the end of culture to the end of sprouting, and 9 days from the end of sprouting to the end of harvesting. Will be 55 days. That is, cultivation with eringi bottles is repeated with 55 days as one cycle.

  The cultivation method which inoculates the upper surface of the culture medium which consists of a sawdust and a nutrient source and culture | cultivates an eringi inoculum is disclosed by patent document 1, patent document 2, and patent document 3, for example.

  The standard cultivation period of eringi is 55 days as described above, but if this cultivation period can be shortened without reducing the yield and quality of eringi, it will be possible to ship eringi early and shorten the eringi cultivation cycle. By doing so, the production amount can be increased and the profitability of eringi cultivation can be increased, so the merit is great. The present applicant has paid attention to the above points and developed a method for cultivating eringi that can significantly reduce the number of cultivation days without reducing the yield and quality of eringi, and filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-292082. did. This method of cultivating eringi is characterized in that mixed inoculation is performed by stirring and mixing a raw material of a medium containing a substance that becomes a nutrient source of eringi and coffee seeds in a sterile atmosphere.

  According to this cultivation method, conventional inoculation by mixing and inoculating the raw material of the medium containing the extracted coffee grounds and the nutrient source of eringi and the eringi inoculum with normal mixing without lowering the yield of the eringi fruiting body is usually 33 The period from the inoculation of eringi that required a day to the end of the culture can be shortened to about 10 days, and the total cultivation days can be shortened to 30 days or less, which is almost half of the conventional one. Accordingly, early shipment of eringi is possible, and it becomes possible to almost double the production amount by shortening the eringi cultivation cycle to about half of the conventional one, and the profitability of eringi cultivation can be greatly increased.

Since during cultivation of mushrooms CO ₂ is discharged by breathing, the CO ₂ concentration ventilation is poor culture-generating chamber increases. For example, in the above Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-292082, the CO ₂ concentration is 3,000 ppm, and in Patent Document 3, it is 2,000 ppm or less, but all represent simply performing sufficient ventilation (such as Patent Document 3). Active concentration control is not intended.
JP 2000-209944 A JP 2002-233239 A JP 2003-9658 A

  In the course of the development of this mixed inoculation method, the inventors have a large number of germinating eringi in a medium mainly composed of coffee grounds, and the overall yield is the same as that of the conventional method, but the yield of eringi per one is the same. It has been found that there is a problem that many of the inferior sizes are inferior and a sufficient size of eringi cannot be obtained uniformly.

  The present invention has been regarded as a problem of the mixed inoculation method using the above coffee grounds as the main raw material, and is large and uniform, not inferior to the conventional method, while greatly shortening the cultivation days of the eringi compared to the conventional method An object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating eringi, which can obtain eringi.

  The method for cultivating eringi that achieves the above object of the present invention is a method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating in a sterile atmosphere the medium raw material containing a substance that becomes a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and eringi in a sterile atmosphere. In addition, the inoculation amount of the eringi inoculum is 0.3 wt% to less than 1.5 wt%.

Another method for cultivating eringi that achieves the object of the present invention is a method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating a raw material of a medium containing a substance that serves as a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and eringi in a sterile atmosphere. In the generation period in the generation chamber, the CO ₂ concentration is 1000 ppm to 4000 ppm.

Another method for cultivating eringi that achieves the object of the present invention is a method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating a raw material of a medium containing a substance that serves as a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and eringi in a sterile atmosphere. In the culture period in the culture chamber, the CO ₂ concentration is set to 2,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm.

Another method for cultivating eringi that achieves the object of the present invention is a method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating a raw material of a medium containing a substance that serves as a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and eringi in a sterile atmosphere. In addition, the inoculum of eringi seeds is set to 0.3 wt% to less than 1.5 wt%, and the CO ₂ concentration is set to 1000 ppm to 4000 ppm during the generation period in the generation chamber.

  According to the present invention, the number of germinated seedlings is significantly reduced by setting the inoculation amount of eringi seeds to less than 0.3% by weight to less than 1.5% by weight. Harvest, increase market value and increase profitability.

Further, according to the present invention, by the CO ₂ concentration 1,000ppm~4,000ppm in the development period in generating chamber, it is suppressed that umbrella Pleurotus eryngii is excessively grow, the pattern may grow thicker increased Is promoted.

In addition, according to the present invention, the growth of mycelia is promoted by setting the CO ₂ concentration to 2,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm during the culture period in the culture chamber, and as a result, the growth of the thick eringi pattern is promoted. Is done.

  The medium raw material used in the present invention contains as a main component a substance that becomes a nutrient source of eryngii when ground with coffee.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium raw material contains 60 to 97% by weight dry matter of coffee grounds and 3 to 25% by weight of dry matter which is a nutrient source for eringi, and the water content is 60% by weight or more. In addition to coffee grounds, sawdust may be added as an alternative material. However, if the coffee grounds is less than 60%, the increase in sawdust is unfavorable for hyphal elongation and fruit body formation. Further, if the substance serving as a nutrient source is less than 3%, sufficient fruit body formation cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 25%, the physical structure of the medium deteriorates, which is disadvantageous for hyphal elongation and fruit body formation.

  The optimum pH of the medium raw material is in the range of 5.5 to 6.5. Calcium carbonate or the like can be used as a pH adjuster.

  Rice bran, barley bran, corn bran, soybean meal, bran, corn gobmeal and the like can be used alone or in combination as a substance serving as a nutrient source for eringi.

  Cultivation is performed using cultivation containers. As the cultivation container, a bottle made of polypropylene of 800 cc to 1000 cc is suitable.

  Before performing mixed inoculation, first sterilize empty cultivation containers and medium raw materials. Sterilization is performed under the sterilization conditions of 120 ° C. to 121 ° C. for 90 minutes by putting the medium raw material sealed in a container such as a container and a polypropylene bag into a retort kettle.

  After sterilization, the medium raw material is cooled to room temperature in a sterile atmosphere such as a clean bench, and then mixed inoculation is performed. That is, in a sterile atmosphere, the container containing the medium raw material is opened, and a predetermined amount of eringi inoculum is placed in the container, and the medium raw material and eringi inoculum contained in the container are shaken up and down and left and right with the container closed. Mix.

  Various strains are known as seedlings of eringi. However, in the mixed inoculation method of the present invention, eringi strain KE-106 of Katsuragi Sangyo Co., Ltd. is preferable because of its good yield, size and form. It is.

  The inoculation amount of Eringi inoculum is 0.3% by weight to 1.5% by weight, preferably 0.3% by weight to 1.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the medium raw material and the amount of inoculum. When the inoculation amount exceeds 1.5%, the number of germination of eringi increases and it becomes difficult to uniformly obtain eringi of a desired size, while eringi is weak against various bacteria such as mold and bacteria, and the inoculation amount is 0 Less than 3% makes growth difficult.

  Next, a predetermined amount of the culture raw material and eringi inoculum that have been mixed and inoculated in this manner are filled into a sterilized cultivation container. A vent is formed by inserting a stick in the center of the medium. After finishing the above steps, cap the cultivation container.

  Next, the cultivation container is moved to a culture room and cultured under conditions of a temperature of 22 ° C., a humidity of 75-85%, and darkness to grow mycelia.

  Next, the surface of the medium in which the mycelium has spread is treated at a depth of 5 mm to 20 mm in order to suppress germination and to remove germs on the surface of the medium. That is, the thick film of mycelia on the surface of the medium is removed at a depth of 5 mm to 20 mm.

The cultivation container that has finished fungi is transferred to the generation chamber, and the seedlings grow under the conditions of a temperature of 17 to 18 ° C., a humidity of 60 to 90%, a CO ₂ concentration of 1,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm, and an illuminance of 50 to 500 Lux. And if necessary, sprouts and harvests the grown fruit bodies.

As a result of the experiment, by setting the CO ₂ concentration in the generation chamber to a high concentration of 1,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm (usually 500 to 800 ppm), the excessive growth of the herring umbrella is suppressed, and the pattern is sufficient. It was found that growth can be promoted, and that large eryngii with a small umbrella and a thick handle can be obtained uniformly. If the CO ₂ concentration is less than 1,000 ppm, the above effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 4,000 ppm, a growth disorder occurs.

In addition, not only the generation period but also the culturing of ering hypha may be performed in an environment containing CO _{2 in the} above concentration range. As a result of experiments, it was found that high concentration of CO ₂ during the culture period has a certain effect on promoting hyphal elongation.

In addition, as a result of the experiment, even if the CO ₂ concentration in the development period is a normal concentration (500 to 800 ppm), the germination number can be increased by increasing the CO ₂ concentration in the culture period to 2,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm. It has been found that the effect of the present invention can be obtained by reducing and increasing the weight per piece.

  According to the mixed inoculation method of the present invention, 2 days from the preparation of the medium to inoculation, within 12 days from the inoculation to the end of culture, within 9 days from the end of cultivation to the end of sprouting, 7 days from the end of sprouting to the end of harvest. Within a day, cultivation of eringi can be completed within 30 days in total. That is, the cultivation with the cultivation container of eringi can be repeatedly performed within 30 days as one cycle.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.
The results of the following examples are average values of 5 to 10 samples.

(1) Composition of medium Using coffee grounds (wet, moisture 64%) refrigerated and stored from the coffee grounds discharge company, rice bran as a nutrient source, soy grounds and galsium carbonate as a pH adjuster Was added to prepare a medium raw material with the following composition.

Coffee grounds (water content 64%) 5,200g (dry matter weight% 80.2%)
Rice bran (moisture 15%) 250g (rice cake 9.1%)
Soybean ground (water 10%) 250g (ｇ 9.6%)
Calcium carbonate (moisture 0%) 25g (〃 1.1%)
1,636 g of water
Total 7,361 g (68% moisture)
These blends were stirred and mixed with a stirrer, 7.4 kg of the prepared medium raw material (water content 68%, pH 6.33) was filled in a 2.5 L transparent polypropylene bag with a filter, and the bag mouth was sealed by heat sealing. .

(2) Sterilization Empty 850cc 58mm caliber polypropylene bottles (with lid), 7.4kg medium with polypropylene bag and mixed inoculation equipment (perforated stick and presser equipment, shovel, inoculation spoon, funnel, rubber spatula, etc.) Was put in a retort kettle and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 90 minutes.

(3) Mixed inoculation After sterilization, the medium is cooled to the next day in the clean bench until it falls to room temperature, and the polypropylene bag mouth containing the medium is opened in the clean bench, and the inoculation amount of the commercially available katsuragi industry eringi strain KE-106. Weigh 5% (control), 1.0%, 0.6%, and 0.3% (% by weight) with a weigh scale, and put the inoculum and culture medium up, down, left, and right with the bag mouth closed. Shake to mix. It was visually confirmed from the outside of the bag that the stirring and mixing were sufficiently completed. Next, 620 g of each of the mixed inoculated culture medium was filled in empty bottles, and the press and flattening of the culture medium surface was carried out with a presser until the bottle shoulders. A 20 mm diameter rod was inserted in the center of the medium, and one 20 mm diameter vent hole was opened, and then the bottle was capped. All the mixed inoculation operations were performed in a clean bench in an aseptic atmosphere.

(4) Culture Each bottle was carried into a culture room and cultured for 9 days under a temperature of 22 ° C., humidity of 75 to 85%, and dark control.

(5) Mycelia The mycelium thick film on the surface of the medium was removed from the entire surface at a depth of 1 cm, and the fungi were scavenged.

(6) Germination and growth Each bottle was moved to a generation room, and during the generation period, germination and growth were performed at a temperature of 17 to 18 ° C., a humidity of 60 to 90%, and an illuminance of 50 to 500 Lux for 2 weeks.

(7) Harvest Elingi of 15 g or more fruit bodies were picked and harvested once, and the number of cultivation days, the number of harvested eringi, the weight per fruiting body, etc. were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. In the column of CO ₂ concentration in the table, “normal” indicates a normal atmosphere in which the CO ₂ concentration is not controlled in the conventional method, that is, a concentration of 500 to 800 ppm.

Table 1

Inoculation amount CO ₂ concentration Mycelial infestation Cultivation Harvested amount Harvested number Fruiting body
% Culture period Occurrence period Days (days) Days g Pieces Weight g
1.5 (control) Normal Normal 6.4 30.0 93.1 4.0 23.6
1.0 Normal Normal 8.7 31.0 80.1 3.0 28.0
0.6 Normal 9.0 31.2 76.0 3.0 25.3
0.3 Normal 10.4 30.4 95.0 2.6 38.1

  From the above table, it can be seen that as the inoculation amount is decreased within the range of 0.3 wt% to less than 1.5 wt%, the number of harvests decreases and the weight per fruit body increases.

All of the inoculation amount was 1.5%, and the concentration of eringi by the mixed inoculation method was the same as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the CO ₂ atmosphere in the culture period and the development period was changed to 1,000 ppm and 2,000 ppm. Cultivated. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Inoculation amount CO ₂ concentration Mycelial infestation Cultivation Harvested amount Harvested number Fruiting body
% Culture period Occurrence period Days (days) Days g Pieces Weight g
1.5 1000 Normal 7.0 30.0 89.2 3.8 23.7
1.5 Normal 1000 6.4 30.0 94.1 2.8 34.8
1.5 1000 1000 6.8 29.4 72.2 1.6 49.9
1.5 Normal 2000 6.2 34.2 48.3 1.2 44.1
1.5 2000 2000 5.4 32.2 68.2 2.0 39.4

From Table 2, even if the CO ₂ concentration in the culture period is a normal concentration, if the concentration in the development period is 1,000 ppm or 2,000 ppm, the number of harvests decreases and the individual weight of the fruiting body increases. I understand. Conversely, when the CO ₂ concentration during the culture period is 1,000 ppm and the CO ₂ concentration during the development period is the normal concentration, both the number of harvests and the weight of the fruiting bodies are significantly different from the control example in Table 1. Therefore, it can be seen that the effects of the present invention cannot be obtained.

Elingi was cultivated by the mixed inoculation method under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the inoculation amount was 1.5% and the concentration of the CO ₂ atmosphere in the culture period was changed to 2,000 ppm. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Inoculation amount CO ₂ concentration Mycelial infestation Cultivation Harvested amount Harvested number Fruiting body
% Culture period Occurrence period Days (days) Days g Pieces Weight g
1.5 2000 Normal 5.0 30.0 93.0 2.8 36.2

From Table 3, it can be seen that even if the CO ₂ concentration in the generation period is a normal concentration, the effect of the present invention can be obtained if the concentration in the culture period is 2,000 ppm or more.

Elingi was cultivated by the mixed inoculation method under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the CO ₂ atmosphere during the generation period was changed to 1,000 ppm. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4
Inoculation amount CO ₂ concentration Mycelial infestation Cultivation Harvested amount Harvested number Fruiting body
% Culture period Occurrence period Days (days) Days g Pieces Weight g
0.3 Normal 1000 7.4 32.1 103.1 2.3 46.2

Claims (4)

  A method for cultivating eringi, in which mixed material inoculation is carried out by stirring and mixing a raw material of a medium containing a substance that becomes a nutrient source of eringi with coffee grounds in a sterile atmosphere, and the inoculation amount of eringi seed is 0.3 wt% A method for cultivating eringi characterized by being less than 1.5% by weight. A method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating a raw material of a medium containing a substance that serves as a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and eringi in an aseptic atmosphere, and inoculating the mixture with a CO ₂ concentration of 1 during the generation period in the generation chamber. , 4,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm, a method for cultivating eringi A method for cultivating eringi, which comprises mixing and inoculating a raw material of a medium containing a substance that serves as a nutrient source for brewing coffee grounds and an eringi seedling in a sterile atmosphere, and inoculating the mixture with a CO ₂ concentration of 2 during the culturing period in the culture chamber. , 4,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm, a method for cultivating eringi A method for cultivating eringi, in which mixed material inoculation is carried out by stirring and mixing a raw material of a medium containing a substance that becomes a nutrient source of eringi with coffee grounds in a sterile atmosphere, and the inoculation amount of eringi seed is 0.3 wt% A method for cultivating eringi, characterized by being less than 1.5% by weight and having a CO ₂ concentration of 1,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm during the generation period in the generation chamber.