JP2006010082A - Sintered gear and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Sintered gear and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP2006010082A
JP2006010082A JP2005198216A JP2005198216A JP2006010082A JP 2006010082 A JP2006010082 A JP 2006010082A JP 2005198216 A JP2005198216 A JP 2005198216A JP 2005198216 A JP2005198216 A JP 2005198216A JP 2006010082 A JP2006010082 A JP 2006010082A
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tooth
gear
face
sintered
tip
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JP4376834B2 (en
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Jun Sakai
純 酒井
Osamu Mawatari
理 馬渡
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Resonac Corp
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Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sintered gear and its manufacturing method, capable of unifying the density near a tooth tip and that near a tooth bottom, by solving a problem found in manufacturing the sintered gear having a tooth part at its end face part that as the metallic powder is hard to flow, the density at the tooth tip side of a green compact is low, and the sufficient strength of a sintered body can not be achieved, which impairs the durability in use and causes abrasion and damage. <P>SOLUTION: This sintered gear is provided with a back face tooth part not engaged with a mating gear when the sintered gear is used, on an end face at a rear side of the end face having the tooth part of the sintered gear having the tooth part on the flange part end face, a tooth tip face of the tooth part and a bottom face of the rear face tooth part are opposite to each other, and the density near the tooth tip of the tooth part and that near the tooth tip of the rear face tooth part are equal to each other at an inner part of the gear. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は傘歯車やスピロイドギヤのように端面部に歯部がある焼結歯車及びその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a sintered gear having a tooth portion at an end surface portion, such as a bevel gear or a spiroid gear, and a manufacturing method thereof.

軸孔を備え、ボス部の一側面にボス部より大径のフランジ状部があり、フランジ状部の端面に歯部がある歯車は、伝達軸の回転方向を変換する各種の装置に用いられている。このような歯車としては傘歯車があり、その種類としては直歯（すぐば）、斜歯（はすば）、曲歯（まがりば）がある。これらの傘歯車のピッチ円錐角（回転軸心に対する歯すじの傾き角度）は、１０〜８０度程度のものが多い。また、ピッチ円錐角が９０度程度のものとしてはスピロイドギヤ等がある。   Gears that have a shaft hole, have a flange-like part with a larger diameter than the boss part on one side of the boss part, and have a tooth part on the end face of the flange-like part are used in various devices that change the rotation direction of the transmission shaft. ing. As such a gear, there is a bevel gear, and types thereof include a straight tooth (immediately), a beveled tooth (helical), and a curved tooth (curve). Many of these bevel gears have a pitch cone angle (the inclination angle of the tooth stripe with respect to the rotational axis) of about 10 to 80 degrees. Moreover, there exists a spheroidal gear etc. as a thing with a pitch cone angle of about 90 degree | times.

図３は、ピッチ円錐角が約７０度の直歯（すくば）傘歯車の部分斜視図である。このような傘歯車を粉末冶金法によって製作する場合は、歯部３及びボス部２の上端面側を形成する歯面を施した上パンチと、フランジ部１の外周面を形成するダイと、ダイに嵌合しフランジ部下端面を形成する下外パンチ及びボス部２の下端面を形成する下内パンチと、軸孔を形成するコアロッドとで構成される成形金型を用い、金属粉末を圧縮して圧粉体を製作し、焼結する。また、必要に応じて焼結体をサイジングしたり、焼入れや酸化被膜形成処理等の後処理を施して焼結合金製歯車とする。   FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a straight bevel gear having a pitch cone angle of about 70 degrees. When manufacturing such a bevel gear by powder metallurgy, an upper punch having a tooth surface that forms the upper end surface side of the tooth portion 3 and the boss portion 2, a die that forms an outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 1, and Metal powder is compressed using a molding die that consists of a lower outer punch that fits into the die and forms the lower end surface of the flange portion, a lower inner punch that forms the lower end surface of the boss portion 2, and a core rod that forms the shaft hole. Then, the green compact is manufactured and sintered. Further, the sintered body is made into a sintered alloy gear by sizing the sintered body as necessary, or by performing post-treatment such as quenching or oxide film formation treatment.

このような端面部に歯部を有する圧粉体を製作する場合、上パンチの歯形底部に向かって粉末が充分に流動し難いため、圧粉体の歯先側の密度が低くなる。
このような現象は歯たけの割に歯溝が狭いような歯形形状の場合には顕著になる。密度が低いと、焼結体の強度が不足し、使用に耐えないものであったり、摩耗や破損の原因となる。
このような場合、圧粉成形を行う際の加圧力を高くして、圧粉体全体の密度を高めて、圧粉体の歯先部の密度を規定の密度まで到達させる方法が採られるが、成形プレスの加圧力を高くする必要があること、金型の摩耗が速まること、必要のない部分の密度が高くなるため、材料に無駄が生じることなどの課題があった。 In the case of manufacturing a green compact having a tooth portion on such an end surface portion, the powder does not sufficiently flow toward the tooth profile bottom portion of the upper punch, so that the density on the tooth tip side of the green compact becomes low.
Such a phenomenon becomes conspicuous when the tooth profile has a narrow tooth gap with respect to the toothpaste. If the density is low, the strength of the sintered body will be insufficient, and it will not be able to withstand use, or it may cause wear or damage.
In such a case, a method is adopted in which the pressing force at the time of compacting is increased to increase the density of the entire green compact so that the density of the tip of the green compact reaches the specified density. However, there is a problem that it is necessary to increase the pressing force of the molding press, the wear of the mold is accelerated, and the density of unnecessary portions is increased, resulting in waste of materials.

このような課題を解決するため、この発明では、フランジ部端面に歯部を有する焼結歯車において、その歯部を有する端面の裏端面に、焼結歯車を使用する際に相手歯車と噛み合うことがない裏面歯部が設けられており、かつ、歯部の歯先面と裏面歯部の底面が互いに対向しているとともに、歯車の内部においては、歯部の歯先付近と歯底付近及び裏面歯部の歯先付近の密度が同等になっている焼結歯車としたものである。   In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, in a sintered gear having a tooth portion on the end surface of the flange portion, the back end surface of the end surface having the tooth portion meshes with the counterpart gear when the sintered gear is used. And the tooth tip surface of the tooth portion and the bottom surface of the back tooth portion are opposed to each other, and within the gear, in the vicinity of the tooth tip of the tooth portion and the vicinity of the tooth bottom, The sintered gears have the same density in the vicinity of the tooth tip of the back tooth portion.

この発明の歯車は、直歯傘歯車、斜歯傘歯車、曲歯傘歯車、ハイポイドギヤ、スピロイドギヤ、ゼロールギヤのいずれでも対象とすることができる。   The gear of the present invention can be any of a straight bevel gear, a bevel gear, a curved bevel gear, a hypoid gear, a spiroid gear, and a zero roll gear.

また、この発明の歯車の製造方法は、上パンチと下パンチの各対向する端面に歯部を備えており、上パンチの歯部の各歯先面と下パンチの歯底面が互いに対向し噛み合うように組み付けられた粉末成形金型を用い、ダイと下パンチ及びコアロッドを含む成形金型のダイキャビティ内に充填された粉末を、歯部の歯先付近と歯底付近及び裏面歯部の歯先付近の密度が同等になるよう、圧縮成形し、フランジ部端面とその裏端面とに歯部を有する圧粉体を製作することを骨子とする。   Further, the gear manufacturing method of the present invention includes a tooth portion on each opposing end surface of the upper punch and the lower punch, and each tooth tip surface of the tooth portion of the upper punch and the tooth bottom surface of the lower punch face each other and mesh with each other. Using the powder molding die assembled in this way, the powder filled in the die cavity of the molding die including the die, the lower punch and the core rod is used for the teeth near the tooth tip, near the tooth bottom and the back tooth. The main point is to produce a green compact having teeth at the flange end face and the back end face by compression molding so that the density in the vicinity of the tip becomes equal.

本発明によれば、歯先部の密度を他の部分の密度と同等に形成できるものであるから、必要以上に加圧することなく、強靭な焼結歯車を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, since the density of the tooth tip portion can be formed to be equal to the density of the other portions, a tough sintered gear can be provided without applying pressure more than necessary.

以下、図面を参照してこの発明の実施形態を説明する。
図１は、この発明を説明するための直歯傘歯車の部分斜視図である。軸孔があるボス部２の上端側が大径のフランジ部１となっており、フランジ部１の上端面部が図３と同様にピッチ円錐角が約７０度の直歯歯車となっている。この傘歯車の相手歯車は、ピッチ円錐角が約２０度のもので、互いに噛み合って回転伝達軸を直角として用いられる。
図１に示した歯車は、従来の直歯傘歯車を示した図３と外観上の異なる点は、歯部３の裏側に、裏面歯部４があり、裏面歯部４は歯部３の歯形の形状と全く同じか、ほぼ相似形であると共に、歯部３の歯先３ａと裏面歯部４の歯底４ｂ、及び歯部３の歯底３ｂと裏面歯部４の歯先４ａとが対向していることである。また、歯車の内部においては、歯部３の歯先３ａ付近と歯底３ｂ付近及び裏面歯部４の歯先４ａ付近の密度がほぼ同等になっていることである。
歯車として使用する際、この裏面歯部４は伝達軸の回転方向を変換する機能に関与しない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a straight tooth bevel gear for explaining the present invention. The upper end side of the boss portion 2 having the shaft hole is a large-diameter flange portion 1, and the upper end surface portion of the flange portion 1 is a straight gear having a pitch cone angle of about 70 degrees as in FIG. The counter gear of this bevel gear has a pitch cone angle of about 20 degrees, and meshes with each other so that the rotation transmission shaft is used as a right angle.
The gear shown in FIG. 1 is different from FIG. 3 showing a conventional straight tooth bevel gear in that it has a back tooth portion 4 on the back side of the tooth portion 3, and the back tooth portion 4 is The tooth shape is exactly the same as or substantially similar to the tooth shape, the tooth tip 3a of the tooth portion 3 and the tooth bottom 4b of the back surface tooth portion 4, and the tooth bottom 3b of the tooth portion 3 and the tooth tip 4a of the back surface tooth portion 4 Are facing each other. Further, in the inside of the gear, the density in the vicinity of the addendum 3a of the tooth portion 3 and the vicinity of the addendum 3b and the vicinity of the addendum 4a of the back tooth portion 4 is substantially the same.
When used as a gear, the back tooth portion 4 does not participate in the function of changing the rotation direction of the transmission shaft.

図１は、直歯傘歯車でフランジ部１の外端面側に歯車として機能する歯部３を有するものの例であるが、内側端面に歯車として機能する歯部があるものでも同様に効果がある。また、この歯形に限らず、斜歯、曲歯の場合でも同様に効果がある。   FIG. 1 shows an example of a straight tooth bevel gear having a tooth portion 3 that functions as a gear on the outer end surface side of the flange portion 1. However, even if there is a tooth portion that functions as a gear on the inner end surface, the same effect is obtained. . Further, the present invention is not limited to this tooth profile, and the same effect can be obtained in the case of inclined teeth and curved teeth.

次に、図２は、図１に示す直歯傘歯車の圧粉体を形成するための成形金型の概略縦断面図である。
この成形金型はダイ５に嵌合する下外パンチ７ｂ、下外パンチ７ｂ及びコアロッド８とに嵌合する下内パンチ７ａ、及び上パンチ６とで構成される粉末成形金型である。上パンチ６の下端部には、成形体９の歯部３を造形する歯形が形成されている。また、下外パンチ７ｂの上端部にも成形体９の裏面歯部４を造形する歯形が形成されている。これらの歯形は、成形体９の歯先３ａに対向して裏面歯底４ｂが、歯底３ｂに対向して裏面歯先４ａが形成されるように上下のパンチ６、７ｂが組み立てられている。 Next, FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a molding die for forming a green compact of the straight bevel gear shown in FIG.
This molding die is a powder molding die composed of a lower outer punch 7b fitted to the die 5, a lower inner punch 7a fitted to the lower outer punch 7b and the core rod 8, and an upper punch 6. At the lower end portion of the upper punch 6, a tooth profile for modeling the tooth portion 3 of the molded body 9 is formed. Further, a tooth profile for forming the back surface tooth portion 4 of the molded body 9 is also formed at the upper end portion of the lower outer punch 7b. In these tooth forms, the upper and lower punches 6 and 7b are assembled so that the back surface tooth bottom 4b is formed facing the tooth top 3a of the molded body 9 and the back surface tooth top 4a is formed facing the tooth bottom 3b. .

成形する際は、まず上パンチ６を上昇させておき、金型キャビティ内に粉末を充填する。次いで金型装置の各部材を相対的に移動させ、各パンチにより圧粉するものであり、図２は圧粉した状態を示すものである。この過程では、図１の側面形状から分かるように、歯部３の歯底３ｂ近辺の粉末の圧縮状態と、歯部３の歯先３ａの付近の粉末の圧縮状態とがほぼ同程度となり、歯先３ａ付近の密度と歯底３ｂ付近の密度とはほぼ同等になる。   When molding, first, the upper punch 6 is raised, and the mold cavity is filled with powder. Next, each member of the mold apparatus is relatively moved and pressed by each punch, and FIG. 2 shows a pressed state. In this process, as can be seen from the side shape of FIG. 1, the compressed state of the powder near the tooth bottom 3b of the tooth portion 3 and the compressed state of the powder near the tooth tip 3a of the tooth portion 3 are approximately the same, The density near the tooth tip 3a and the density near the tooth bottom 3b are substantially equal.

この発明の方法及び歯車形状とすれば、例えば、円ピッチが２ｍｍ、全歯たけが２.８ｍｍである歯部３を有し、ピッチ円錐角が７０度の直歯傘歯車を鉄系混合粉を用いて圧粉成形した場合、従来の方法によれば、歯先３ａ部付近の密度を６.８ｇ／ｃｍ３にするためには、歯車全体の密度を７.２〜７.３ｇ／ｃｍ３としなければならなかったが、全体の密度と歯先３ａ部の密度はほぼ同じになる。 According to the method and gear shape of the present invention, for example, a straight tooth bevel gear having a tooth portion 3 with a circular pitch of 2 mm and a total tooth pitch of 2.8 mm and a pitch cone angle of 70 degrees is used as an iron-based mixed powder. According to the conventional method, in order to make the density in the vicinity of the tooth tip 3a portion 6.8 g / cm 3 , the density of the entire gear is 7.2 to 7.3 g / cm 3. 3 and then had to be, the density of the overall density and tooth tip 3a portion is substantially the same.

なお、斜歯及び曲歯をもつ歯車においては、成形の圧縮及び離型の際にパンチを回転する必要があるものがあり、このような場合は、斜歯歯車を成形すると同様に、パンチにベアリングを設けると共に回転手段を設けた金型装置が用いられる。
このような場合、得られる成形体の歯部３の歯先３ａと裏面歯部４の裏面歯底４ｂは、図１に示すように回転軸心方向に対向せずに、歯部３の成形加圧方向に傾いた方向に対向させる。 Some gears with inclined teeth and curved teeth need to rotate the punch during compression and mold release. In such a case, as in the case of forming an inclined gear, A mold apparatus provided with a bearing and a rotating means is used.
In such a case, the tooth tip 3a of the tooth part 3 and the back tooth bottom 4b of the back tooth part 4 of the molded body to be obtained are not opposed to each other in the rotational axis direction as shown in FIG. It is made to oppose the direction inclined in the pressurization direction.

この発明は傘歯車やスピロイドギヤのように端面部に歯部がある焼結歯車を、歯先部の密度を他の部分の密度と同等になるように形成し、強靭な焼結歯車を提供することができる。   The present invention provides a tough sintered gear by forming a sintered gear having a tooth portion on an end surface portion thereof such as a bevel gear or a spiroid gear so that the density of the tooth tip portion is equal to the density of other portions. be able to.

本発明の焼結歯車の一例である直歯傘歯車の部分斜視図である。It is a fragmentary perspective view of the straight tooth bevel gear which is an example of the sintered gear of this invention. 本発明の焼結歯車用粉末成形金型の概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the powder molding die for sintered gears of this invention. 従来の焼結歯車の直歯傘歯車の部分斜視図である。It is a fragmentary perspective view of the straight tooth bevel gear of the conventional sintered gear.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ フランジ部
２ ボス部
３ 歯部
３ａ 歯先
３ｂ 歯底
４ 裏面歯部
４ａ 裏面歯先
４ｂ 裏面歯底
５ ダイ
６ 上パンチ
７ａ 下内パンチ
７ｂ 下外パンチ
８ コアロッド
９ 成形体
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Flange part 2 Boss part 3 Tooth part 3a Tooth tip 3b Tooth bottom 4 Back surface tooth part 4a Back surface tooth tip 4b Back surface tooth bottom 5 Die 6 Upper punch 7a Lower inner punch 7b Lower outer punch 8 Core rod 9 Form

Claims (3)

フランジ部端面に歯部を有する焼結歯車において、その歯部を有する端面の裏端面に、使用の際に相手歯車と噛み合うことがない裏面歯部を設け、かつ、歯部の歯先面と裏面歯部の底面が互いに対向しているとともに、歯車の内部においては、歯部の歯先付近と歯底付近及び裏面歯部の歯先付近の密度が同等になっていることを特徴とする焼結歯車。   In the sintered gear having a tooth portion on the end surface of the flange portion, the back end surface of the end surface having the tooth portion is provided with a back surface tooth portion that does not mesh with the counterpart gear in use, and the tooth tip surface of the tooth portion The bottom surfaces of the back tooth portions are opposed to each other, and the inside of the gear is characterized in that the density near the tooth tip of the tooth portion, the vicinity of the tooth bottom, and the vicinity of the tooth tip of the back surface tooth portion are equal. Sintered gear. 前記歯車が、直歯（すぐば）傘歯車、斜歯（はすば）傘歯車、曲歯（まがりば）傘歯車、ハイポイドギヤ、スピロイドギヤ、ゼロールギヤからなる群から選ばれたいずれかの歯車である請求項１に記載の焼結歯車。   The gear is any gear selected from the group consisting of straight tooth bevel gears, bevel tooth bevel gears, curved tooth bevel gears, hypoid gears, spiroid gears and zero roll gears. The sintered gear according to claim 1. 上パンチと下パンチの各対向する端面に歯部を備えており、しかも上パンチの歯部の各歯先面と下パンチの各歯底面が互いに対向するように配置した粉末成形金型を用い、ダイと下パンチ及びコアロッドを含む成形金型のダイキャビティ内に充填された粉末を圧縮成形し、フランジ部端面とその裏端面とに歯部を有する圧粉体を製作する工程、及びその圧粉体を焼結する工程を含むフランジ部端面に歯部を有する焼結歯車の製造方法。

Using a powder molding die provided with tooth portions on the opposing end surfaces of the upper punch and the lower punch and arranged so that the tooth tip surfaces of the upper punch teeth and the tooth bottom surfaces of the lower punch face each other A step of compression-molding a powder filled in a die cavity of a molding die including a die, a lower punch and a core rod, and producing a green compact having teeth on a flange end face and a back end face thereof; The manufacturing method of the sintered gear which has a tooth | gear part in the flange part end surface including the process of sintering powder.

JP2005198216A 2005-07-07 2005-07-07 Manufacturing method of sintered gear Expired - Lifetime JP4376834B2 (en)

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CN114269495A (en) * 2019-08-30 2022-04-01 住友电气工业株式会社 Sintered gear
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