JP2006002615A - Shoe for swash plate type compressor and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the number of residual abrasive grains sticking to a surface of a shoe for a swash plate compressor. <P>SOLUTION: For the shoe manufactured in a hard barrel polishing process by an abrasive material which includes abrasive grains but does not include soft particles, such as a rough barrel polishing process and an intermediate barrel polishing process, soft barrel polishing is performed by a centrifugal polishing machine by using an abrasive material including soft particles which are particles of walnut shells, hard particles which are alumina fine particles, fats and oils, fatty acid, a surface active agent and the like. Due to this soft barrel polishing, the number of residual abrasive grains sticking to a sliding face part and spherical part of the shoe is reduced, and surface roughness is improved. In addition, seizure resistance of the sliding face part and a sliding face of a swash plate is improved, and a friction coefficient of the spherical part is reduced. Instead of the barrel polishing method, a water jet polishing method, an ultrasonic polishing method etc. can be adopted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a shoe disposed between a swash plate and a piston in a swash plate compressor and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to prevent seizure or durability between the shoe or a member that slides relative to the shoe. It is about improvement of sex.

  The shoe includes a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical surface portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and engages with the sliding surface of the swash plate on the sliding surface portion and the concave spherical surface portion of the piston on the spherical surface portion, Although it slides, it is known to have severe sliding conditions. When a swash plate compressor is used as a refrigerant compressor of an air conditioner and is lubricated by lubricating oil circulating with the refrigerant, the lubrication tends to be inadequate and exposed to severe sliding conditions.

  On the other hand, as for a shoe, a sliding surface part and a spherical part are usually ground by grinding processing, such as barrel grinding. A large number of abrasive grains are stuck and remain on the sliding surface and spherical surface of the shoe manufactured by this method, and when the lubricating film becomes thin, these residual abrasive grains are separated from the sliding surface of the shoe and the swash plate. It has recently been found that it causes abnormal wear with the sliding surface of the steel and, in severe cases, causes seizure.

On the other hand, although it is not about the sliding surface but the surface that is in rolling contact, the fact that the residual fine abrasive grains reduce the life and the countermeasures are described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 below. That is, in Patent Document 1, during the manufacturing process of rolling bearing parts, corn shank fragments and rolling bearing parts are put into a barrel polishing machine and processed (the use of abrasive grains is not described). It is not normal “barrel polishing”), and it is described that a residual fine abrasive grain removing step for removing residual fine abrasive grains is provided. In Patent Document 2, thrust races and rolling elements, which are parts of a rolling bearing, are put into a barrel polishing machine together with particles having a lower hardness than those base materials, for example, glass beads and metal balls (abrasive grains). Is not described as being used, and is not the usual “barrel polishing”). In this way, it is described that even if low-hardness particles remain, they will not be crushed between the rolling elements and the thrust trace and damage the rolling elements and the surface of the thrust trace. Further, in Patent Document 3, the raceway surface and the rolling surface of the rolling bearing are peeled off on the raceway surface by preventing foreign matters having an average diameter (average value of major axis and minor axis) of 3 μm or more from being present. It is described that wear and peeling do not occur. For example, the abrasive grains used for barrel polishing are reduced, or shot peening is performed using a high steel carbon steel shot instead of the abrasive grains. A cloth process that wraps a strong synthetic fiber cloth (cloth) around a wooden stick and rubs the track surface, an ultrasonic cleaning process that cleans with an ultrasonic cleaner, a brush cleaning process that rubs the track surface with a durable nylon brush, etc. Is also described as effective.
JP 2002-187058 A JP 2003-103449 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-294041

  The present invention avoids shortening the life of the shoe or its sliding member by remaining in a state where a large number of abrasive grains are stuck in the sliding surface portion and the spherical surface portion of the shoe under the above circumstances. It was made as an issue.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shoe for a swash plate compressor having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical surface portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate of a swash plate compressor and a piston. The longest diameter remaining on the sliding surface portion (the maximum diameter when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the sliding surface portion) is solved by assuming that the total number of abrasive grains of 3 μm or more is 2000 or less. The
Further, a shoe for a swash plate compressor having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical surface portion opposite to the sliding surface portion and disposed between a swash plate and a piston of the swash plate compressor is manufactured. The method includes one or more polishing steps, and at least the final polishing step includes soft particles made of a material softer than a surface portion of the shoe, and a hard material made of a material smaller than the soft particles and harder than the surface portion of the shoe. This is solved by being a soft barrel polishing process in which the shoe is barrel polished using an abrasive containing particles.

As described above, if the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 3 μm or more remaining on the sliding surface portion of the shoe is 2000 or less per 100 mm ^2, the shoe or the slide with the shoe is larger than the conventional one. The service life of the moving swash plate and piston can be extended, or seizure resistance can be improved. In particular, it is effective to reduce the number of abrasive grains having a relatively longest diameter.

As described above, if the shoe manufacturing process includes a soft barrel polishing process in which the shoe is barrel-polished using an abrasive containing soft particles and hard particles, the shoe remains on the sliding surface portion. It is possible to efficiently produce a shoe having a small number of abrasive grains. The reason for this has not yet been fully clarified, but the soft particles hold the hard particles on the outer peripheral surface and play a role in effectively contacting the hard particles with the sliding surface portion and the spherical portion of the shoe, It is presumed to serve as a cushion and to prevent hard particles from being pressed too hard against the shoe.
Furthermore, the surface roughness of the sliding surface portion is often improved as compared with the conventional manufacturing method, and it is presumed that this also increases the life of the shoe and the swash plate.

Aspects of the Invention

  In the following, the invention that is claimed to be claimable in the present application (hereinafter referred to as “claimable invention”. The claimable invention is at least the “present invention” to the invention described in the claims. Some aspects of the present invention, including subordinate concept inventions of the present invention, superordinate concepts of the present invention, or inventions of different concepts) will be illustrated and described. As with the claims, each aspect is divided into sections, each section is numbered, and is described in a form that cites the numbers of other sections as necessary. This is for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the claimable invention, and is not intended to limit the combinations of the constituent elements constituting the claimable invention to those described in the following sections. That is, the claimable invention should be construed in consideration of the description accompanying each section, the description of the embodiment, and the like, and as long as the interpretation is followed, another aspect is added to the form of each section. In addition, an aspect in which constituent elements are deleted from the aspect of each item can be an aspect of the claimable invention.

  In each of the following items, (1) corresponds to claim 1, (2) corresponds to claim 2, (3) corresponds to claim 3, (8) corresponds to claim 4, (9) is in claim 5, (12) is in claim 6, (13) is in claim 7, (14) is in claim 8, (15) is in claim 9, Equivalent to.

(1) A swash plate compressor shoe having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate of a swash plate compressor and a piston. And
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 3 μm or more remaining on the sliding surface portion is 2000 or less per 100 mm ² .
The smaller the number of remaining abrasive grains of 3 μm or more per 100 mm ² is, the better. The number is preferably 1500 or less, 1000 or less, or 500 or less. The present invention can be applied to a shoe using a steel such as bearing steel as a base material and a shoe using aluminum as a base material and having a hard layer formed on the surface by plating or the like.
(2) A shoe for a swash plate compressor that is provided between a swash plate of a swash plate compressor and a piston, and has a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion. And
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 5 μm or more among the abrasive grains remaining on the sliding surface portion is 800 or less per 100 mm ² .
As long as the longest diameter is 5 μm or more, the smaller the number per 100 mm ^{2, the} better. It is particularly desirable that the number is 600 or less, 400 or less, 200 or less, or 100 or less.
(3) A swash plate compressor shoe having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate compressor. And
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 10 μm or more among the abrasive grains remaining on the sliding surface portion is 300 or less per 100 mm ² .
The smaller the number per 100 mm ² , the longest diameter is 10 μm or more, and it is particularly desirable that the number is 200 or less, 100 or less, or 50 or less.
(4) A swash plate compressor shoe, wherein the sliding surface portion and the spherical surface portion have abrasive grains partially pierced in the sliding surface portion and the spherical surface portion, but the number thereof is 2000 or less.
It is further desirable to satisfy at least one of the conditions of (2) and (3) together with the conditions of this section or separately from the conditions of this section.
(5) Oxide-based abrasive grains mainly composed of oxides such as alumina and silicon oxide, nitride-based abrasive grains mainly composed of nitrides such as titanium nitride, and carbide-based grains mainly composed of carbides such as silicon carbide. The swash plate compressor shoe according to any one of items (1) to (4), which is manufactured in a manufacturing process including a polishing process using one or more kinds of abrasive grains selected from abrasive grains.
If the shoe is polished by polishing using at least one of oxide-based abrasive, nitride-based abrasive and carbide-based abrasive, the shoe can be efficiently polished. If these abrasive grains are used, it is difficult to completely prevent the abrasive grains from remaining on the sliding surface portion of the shoe, but the number of abrasive grains having a longest remaining diameter of 3 μm or more, particularly relatively large. If the number of abrasive grains is reduced, it is possible to satisfy the life requirement for the shoe or the mating member sliding with it.
(6) The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to (5), wherein the polishing step includes at least one barrel polishing step.
If the number of residual abrasive grains only on the sliding surface portion is reduced, other polishing methods such as buffing may be used. However, according to barrel polishing, the spherical portion and other portions can be simultaneously polished, and the shoe manufacturing efficiency can be increased.
(7) At least the last barrel polishing step of the at least one barrel polishing step includes soft particles made of a material softer than the shoe and hard particles made of a material smaller than the soft particle and harder than the shoe. The shoe for a swash plate compressor according to the item (6), which is a step of barrel-polishing the shoe using the abrasive material.
If barrel polishing is performed using an abrasive containing soft particles and hard particles, a shoe having a small number of residual abrasive grains can be efficiently produced as described above for the method invention.
(8) Manufactures a shoe for a swash plate compressor having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between the swash plate of the swash plate compressor and the piston. A way to
Polishing including one or more polishing steps, at least the final polishing step including soft particles made of a material softer than the surface layer portion of the shoe and hard particles made of a material smaller than the soft particles and harder than the soft particles A method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the shoe is a soft polishing step in which a shoe is polished using a material.
The present invention can be applied to a shoe having aluminum as a base material, but is particularly suitable for a shoe having a base material of steel such as bearing steel. The hard particles are preferably made of a material having a hardness equal to or higher than that of the shoe surface layer. For example, it is generally used as an abrasive.
(9) The manufacture of the swash plate compressor shoe according to (8), wherein the soft polishing step includes a soft barrel polishing step which is a barrel polishing step using an abrasive containing the soft particles and the hard particles. Method.
(10) The soft polishing step includes a soft water jet polishing step which is a water jet polishing step using an abrasive containing the soft particles and the hard particles. A method of manufacturing a shoe for a plate compressor.
(11) The soft polishing step includes a soft ultrasonic polishing step which is an ultrasonic polishing step using an abrasive containing the soft particles and the hard particles. A method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor as described.
(12) As the soft particles, particles produced from one or more materials selected from walnut husk, peach husk, plum husk, apricot husk, coconut husk, corn head, synthetic resin (8) A method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of items 1) to (11).
Walnut husk, peach husk, plum husk, apricot husk, etc. are suitable as raw materials for soft particles, but are relatively difficult to collect in large quantities, and coconut husks and corn ears can also be used. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy availability of a large amount of raw materials or easy manufacture of raw materials having desired characteristics, a soft material comprising a synthetic resin such as polyester resin, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) resin, nylon resin, etc. Adoption of particles is also effective.
(13) As the hard particles, oxide-based abrasive grains mainly composed of oxides such as alumina and silicon oxide, nitride-based abrasive grains mainly composed of nitrides such as titanium nitride, and carbides such as silicon carbide. The method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (8) to (12), wherein at least one type of abrasive selected from carbide-based abrasive grains as a main component is used.
The size of the hard particles is preferably 10 μm or less, particularly preferably in the range of 0.2 μm to 6 μm.
(14) The method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to (13), wherein iron oxide particles are used as the oxide-based abrasive grains.
(15) The method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (8) to (14), wherein the soft particles have an average diameter of 30 times or more the average diameter of the hard particles .
More preferably, the average diameter of the soft particles is 60 times, 120 times, or 200 times or more the average diameter of the hard particles.
(16) Manufacture of a swash plate compressor shoe according to any one of (8) to (15), wherein the hard particles previously attached to the outer periphery of the soft particles are put into a polishing apparatus and used. Method.
It is also possible to use hard particles and soft particles separately in a polishing apparatus. However, it is easy to obtain a polishing material in which both are uniformly mixed, and it is easy to produce a shoe of uniform quality, if a material having hard particles previously adhered to the outer peripheral surface of soft particles is used. .
(17) The swash plate according to any one of (8) to (16), wherein the abrasive includes at least one of oils and fats, fatty acids and surfactants in addition to the soft particles and the hard particles. A method for manufacturing a shoe for a compressor.
If the abrasive contains at least one of fats and oils, fatty acids and surfactants, the fluidity of the abrasive can be increased moderately, and the shoe can be polished stably. It is particularly desirable to include all of fats and oils, fatty acids and surfactants, and the mixing ratio of these fats and fatty acids and surfactants to hard particles may be selected from the range of 30 to 70 wt%. Desirably, it is more desirable to select from the range of 40-60 wt%. The mixing ratio of the compound containing fats and oils, fatty acid, surfactant and hard particles to the soft particles is preferably selected from the range of 0.5% to 10%, and from the range of 1% to 8%. It is further desirable to be selected.
(18) The method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of (8) to (17), wherein the soft polishing step is performed by soft barrel polishing using a centrifugal barrel polishing machine.
The use of a vortex barrel polisher is also possible. However, when barrel polishing is performed using relatively small hard particles and soft particles having a relatively small specific gravity, a centrifugal barrel polishing machine is more preferable.
(19) The one or more polishing steps include a step of barrel-polishing the shoe using a polishing material including a medium in which abrasive grains are bonded with a binder and a compound before the final soft polishing step. The method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of items (8) to (18), which comprises one or more barrel polishing steps.
The hard barrel polishing step can be performed by, for example, a vortex barrel polishing machine.
(20) The swash plate compressor shoe according to (19), wherein the hard barrel polishing step includes at least a rough barrel polishing step and an intermediate barrel polishing step using a medium having abrasive grains smaller than the rough barrel step. Manufacturing method.
(21) The method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to (20), wherein at least one of the rough barrel polishing step and the intermediate barrel polishing step is performed by a vortex barrel polishing machine.
(22) The swash plate compressor shoe according to (20) or (21), further including a buff polishing step of buffing the sliding surface portion between the rough barrel polishing step and the intermediate barrel polishing step. Manufacturing method.
If the buffing process is performed after the rough barrel polishing process, it is possible to efficiently remove the abrasive grains stuck in the sliding surface part in the previous process, and it is possible to efficiently produce a shoe with a small number of residual abrasive grains. Become.

Embodiment

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the claimable invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition to the following embodiments, the claimable invention can be implemented in various modifications based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the aspects described in the above [Aspect of the Invention] section. .

  FIG. 1 shows a swash plate compressor provided with a shoe 8 which is an object of the present invention. The compressor includes a housing 10, a piston 12, a swash plate 14, a rotating shaft 16 and a rotation transmission device 18. The housing 10 has a plurality of, for example, seven cylinder bores 22, and one piston 12 is slidably fitted into each cylinder bore 22 and is substantially airtightly fitted. Each piston 12 is integrally provided with an engaging portion 24, and the engaging portion is engaged with the swash plate 14 via a pair of shoes 8. The swash plate 14 is held on the rotary shaft 16 so as to be tiltable, and the rotation of the rotary shaft 16 is transmitted to the swash plate 14 via the rotation transmission device 18. As the swash plate 14 rotates, the piston 12 reciprocates in the cylinder bore 22, sucks refrigerant gas from the suction chamber 26 through the suction valve 28, and discharges it into the discharge chamber 32 through the discharge valve 30. The pressure of the swash plate chamber 36 in which the swash plate 14 and the rotation transmission device 18 are disposed is controlled by a pressure control valve 38, whereby the inclination angle of the swash plate 14 is controlled. As a result, the stroke of the piston 12 changes and the discharge capacity of the swash plate compressor changes. The swash plate compressor is a variable capacity type.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the shoe 8 includes a sliding surface portion 40 and a spherical surface portion 42. The sliding surface portion 40 is generally flat and slides on the sliding plane 44 of the swash plate 14. On the other hand, the spherical portion 42 is engaged with each of a pair of concave spherical surfaces 46 formed opposite to each other on the engaging portion 24 of the piston 12, and the oblique portion changes the angle as the swash plate 14 rotates. The axial movement of the outer periphery of the plate is transmitted to the piston. Therefore, during operation of the swash plate compressor, the sliding surface portion 40 and the sliding flat surface 44 slide at high speed, and the spherical portion 42 and the concave spherical surface 46 also slide. The sliding surface portion 40 does not need to be strictly flat, but is rather a convex spherical surface having a very large curvature radius. Further, the outer peripheral portion is usually rounded or chamfered for the purpose of assisting the formation of a lubricating oil film or preventing the sliding plane 44 from being damaged. The spherical surface portion 42 and the concave spherical surface 46 do not have to be strictly spherical surfaces, and are often slightly deformed from the spherical surface in order to improve the formation of the lubricating oil film. The shoe 8 of the present embodiment is made of SUJ2 which is a kind of high carbon chromium bearing steel, and the piston 12 includes, for example, Si: 11 wt%, Cu: 4 wt%, Mg: 0.6 wt% and other impurities. The swash plate 14 made of aluminum alloy may be formed, for example, by forming an aluminum-silicon sprayed layer on the surface of a spheroidal graphite cast iron base material and further forming a resin coating containing a solid lubricant on the surface. it can.

The shoe 8 is manufactured by the manufacturing process shown in FIG. This manufacturing process is a process in which a new process is added to a conventional process, processes 1 to 9 are the same as the conventional process, and processes A and B are newly added.
Step 1 is a step of forming the shape of the shoe 8 substantially. In step 2, heat treatment such as quenching is performed. Subsequently, surface grinding of the sliding surface portion 40 is performed in Step 3, and rough barrel polishing is performed in Step 4. It is also possible to reverse the order of these steps 3 and 4. Thereafter, the sliding surface portion 40 is buffed in Step 5, and the intermediate barrel is polished in Step 6.

  Both rough barrel polishing and intermediate barrel polishing are performed by a vortex barrel polishing machine 50 shown in FIG. In the vortex barrel polishing machine, a rotating tank 54 is disposed at the bottom of the fixed tank 52, and the rotating tank 54 is rotated together with a rotating shaft 56. A polishing material including a medium in which abrasive grains are bonded with a binder in a polishing chamber defined by a fixed tank 52 and a rotating tank 54, and a compound including free abrasive grains, a lubricant, a surfactant, and the like. 58 layers are formed, and a large number of shoes 8 are put into the abrasive layer. In this state, when the rotating tank 54 is rotated, the layer of the abrasive 58 flows spirally, and the surface of the shoe 8, that is, the sliding surface portion 40 and the spherical surface portion 42 is polished by the media and the compound. In the intermediate barrel polishing, abrasive grains smaller than the rough barrel polishing are used.

  Conventionally, the intermediate barrel polishing is a finish barrel polishing, and the final steps such as the steps 7 to 9 are performed immediately. However, in this embodiment, the steps A and B are performed before that. . In step A, finishing barrel polishing using a walnut shell is performed on the shoe 8 after intermediate barrel polishing. This finishing barrel polishing will be described in detail later. Subsequently, in step B, intermediate cleaning is performed, and abrasive grains, walnut shells, and the like attached to the shoe 8 are removed.

  As described above, the processes A and B are newly added processes, and after the implementation of these processes, the finish cleaning in the process 7, the height measurement selection in the process 8, the appearance inspection in the process 9 and the like are performed as in the past. Shipped. In addition, the finishing washing | cleaning of the process 7 aims at enabling rust prevention and the external appearance inspection by the visual inspection in the process 9.

  The finishing barrel polishing in the above step A will be described. Finish barrel polishing is performed by a centrifugal barrel polishing machine 64 shown in FIG. In the centrifugal barrel polishing machine 64, a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) barrel tanks 66 having a hollow polygonal cylindrical shape (in the illustrated example, a hollow hexagonal cylindrical shape) are held by a common revolution body 68. While rotating around the horizontal revolution axis 70 as it rotates, it rotates around the horizontal revolution axis 72. As shown in FIG. 6, the abrasive material 74 and the shoe 8 are put in each barrel tank 66, and the revolution of the barrel tank 66 is pressed against each other by the centrifugal force acting mainly due to the revolution of the barrel tank 66. The abrasive 74 and the shoe 8 flow due to the rotation with respect to the body 68, and the shoe 8 is polished by the relative movement of the abrasive 74 and the shoe 8 therebetween. The revolution body 68 is revolved by the electric motor 75, the rotation transmission device 76 and the revolution shaft 77, and the barrel tank 66 is revolved to the revolution body 68 by the electric motor 75, the transmission device 78, the rotation transmission device 79 and the rotation shaft 80. The relative rotation is made. Although the barrel tank 66 can be rotated an arbitrary number of times for one revolution of the revolution body 68, in the present embodiment, the electric motor 75 is kept in a stopped state while the revolution body 68 is revolved once. In addition, the barrel increase 66 can be rotated once relative to the revolution body 68 in the opposite direction. FIG. 7 shows this state, and the barrel tank 66 is always revolved in the direction of the arrow θ with the same portion at the top, whereby the abrasive 74 and the shoe 8 in the barrel tank 66 are separated from each other by the arrow. It is made to flow in the X direction. As the abrasive 74, a material containing a walnut shell and abrasive grains and other oils, fatty acids and surfactants is used, and the pressure in the abrasive 74 is increased by centrifugal force.

  As is apparent from the above description, the rough barrel polishing step and the intermediate barrel polishing step in steps 4 and 6 correspond to the hard barrel step, and the finish polishing step in step A corresponds to the soft barrel polishing step which is the final polishing step. . The walnut shell particles are soft particles made of a material softer than the shoe surface layer portions (sliding surface portion 40 and spherical surface portion 42), and the alumina fine particles are hard particles harder than the shoe surface layer portions.

  In addition, although the manufacturing process of the said embodiment leaves all the processes of the conventional manufacturing process as it is, and added process A, B process to it, a manufacturing process is not necessarily limited to this. For example, with respect to the polishing step particularly relevant to the present invention, the intermediate barrel step of step 6 may be omitted, and the finishing barrel polishing step of step A may be performed following the buff polishing step of step 5.

Further, in the manufacturing process of the embodiment, the abrasive grains made of a material sufficiently harder than the surface layer portion of the shoe such as alumina, titanium nitride, silicon carbide or the like are used as the hard particles, but the material is not necessarily harder than the surface layer portion of the shoe. The abrasive grains made of iron oxide such as ferric oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) and triiron tetroxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) can be used as the hard particles. The shoe made of tool steel has a Mohs hardness of 6 and a Knoop hardness (Hk) of 859. An aluminum alloy shoe with NiPB plating on the surface has a Mohs hardness of 6, Knoop hardness (Hk) of 700, and NiP plating. The ones with Mohs hardness of 5 and Knoop hardness (Hk) 476 have hardness, whereas ferric oxide, for example, has almost the same or higher hardness as Mohs hardness 6 and Knoop hardness (Hk) 682. However, it can be used as hard abrasive grains.

  Further, the polishing method is not limited to the barrel polishing method, and other polishing methods such as an ultrasonic polishing method and a water jet polishing method may be employed. The ultrasonic polishing method is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-109004. As shown in FIG. 8, a polishing tank 100 is filled with a polishing liquid 101 and the same abrasive 102 as in the above embodiment, The shoe 8 as a processing target is immersed in the mixed solution 103 and ultrasonic waves are emitted from the ultrasonic vibrator 104 toward the shoe 8. For example, the shoes 8 are arranged in a matrix on the surface of a holding body (the holding plate 105 in the illustrated example) and held by a magnetic attractive force, a vacuum attractive force, or the like. As the ultrasonic vibrator 104 vibrates, the abrasive 102 in the mixed liquid 103 is caused to collide with the surface of the shoe 8 (sliding surface portion 40 in the illustrated example), and the surface is polished. The liquid mixture 103 is supplied from the supply unit 106 to the polishing tank 100 and is discharged from the discharge unit 107. Since the discharged mixed liquid 103 has a high temperature and contains dissolved gas, processing such as cooling and degassing is performed by a processing apparatus provided outside. Since this ultrasonic polishing method uses soft particles and hard particles as abrasives, it is distinguished from general ultrasonic polishing methods that use abrasives that do not contain soft particles. I will call it. Note that the shoe 8 may be held by another holding body such as a holding body formed of a net.

  The water jet polishing method is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-158730, and is a method in which a mixed liquid of water and powdered solid material is jetted onto a metal surface at a high pressure for polishing. The soft water jet polishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention uses an abrasive which is the same mixture of soft particles and hard particles as in the soft barrel polishing method as the powdery solid. As an apparatus for producing a mixture of water and abrasive, for example, an apparatus described in JP 2000-767 A can be employed. As shown in FIG. 9, the abrasive-containing water jet forming apparatus includes a water nozzle 112 that injects high-pressure water 110, a mixing chamber 116 that mixes the abrasive 114 into the injected water jet, and water and an abrasive. And an abrasive-containing water jet nozzle 120 that injects an abrasive-containing water jet 118 that is a jet of a mixture with the abrasive 114, and the abrasive 114 is sucked into the mixing chamber 116 by a negative pressure generated around the water jet. Is done. The abrasive-containing water jet 118 sprayed from this abrasive-containing water jet forming device is held by a shoe 8 held by a shoe holder formed by a net, or by a magnetic suction force or vacuum suction force on a holding plate. At least the sliding surface portion 40 of the shoe 8 is polished by being applied to the shoe 8 or the like. This water jet polishing method uses soft particles and hard particles as abrasives, so it is distinguished from general water jet polishing methods that use abrasives that do not contain soft particles. I will call it.

  A steel shoe 8 made of SUJ2 was prototyped by the aforementioned soft barrel polishing process. The barrel polishing machine used for finishing barrel polishing (soft barrel polishing) during the manufacturing process is the centrifugal barrel polishing machine of FIG. 5, and the abrasives are walnut shells, abrasive grains, oils and fats, fatty acids in the proportions shown in FIG. And a surfactant. As the walnut shell, an average particle diameter (hereinafter simply referred to as a diameter) was crushed so as to be in the range of 500 μm to 1000 μm, and the abrasive grains were alumina fine particles having an impurity of 0.3% or less. The diameter was in the range of 1-6 μm and the center diameter was 0.97 μm. In a mixing tank heated to 60 ° C. by an electric heater, granular walnuts, powdered alumina, powdered beef tallow, powdered and liquid surfactants A and B, and liquid fatty acid are charged, and an electric stirrer is used. The mixture was stirred to obtain 50 kg of abrasive.

As a result of inspecting 35 sliding surface portions 40 of the prototype shoe 8 using an X-ray microanalyzer, the average number of alumina fine particles of 3 μm or more remaining after being stabbed into the entire sliding surface portion 40 is the number shown in FIG. Met. The actual area of the sliding surface 40 was the 100 mm ^2, counts the number of residual alumina particles of 27.6 mm ² portions of them, the right column of FIG. 11 is obtained by converting the remaining number per 100 mm ² It is a number shown in. For comparison, a similar number of residual alumina fine particles of a shoe manufactured in a conventional manufacturing process not including steps A and B is also shown in FIG. 11, but it can be seen that the number of residual alumina fine particles is remarkably reduced.

  By the finishing barrel polishing, the surface roughness of the sliding surface portion 40 and the spherical surface portion 42 was also improved as shown in FIGS. In FIG. 12, the left side is the surface roughness of the sliding surface portion of the shoe manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method not including steps A and B. Compared to the surface roughness, the manufacturing method of the present invention including steps A and B is compared. According to the results, it can be seen that the maximum value, the average value, and the minimum value are all excellent. The same applies to the surface roughness of the spherical portion 42 in FIG.

  As described above, in order to confirm the improvement in performance of the shoe 8 due to the improvement in the number of residual alumina fine particles having the longest diameter of 3 μm or more and the surface roughness, the seizure resistance test of the sliding surface portion 40 and the friction of the spherical surface portion 42 are performed. Coefficient measurement was performed. In the seizure resistance test, as shown in FIG. 14, the shoe holder 82 holds the two shoes 8 and presses against the rotating plate 84 having the same specifications as the swash plate 14 with a load 86. The load 86 is gradually increased and the load at which seizure occurs is examined. The rotation speed of the rotating plate 84 was selected so that the sliding speed of the shoe 8 would be 6.8 m / sec, and the lubrication conditions were such that the PAG refrigerating machine oil was sprayed at a rate of 25 mg / min. The test results are shown in FIG. 15 with the horizontal axis as the surface roughness and the vertical axis as the seizure load. The present shoe manufactured by the method of the present invention is the It is clearly improved compared to the seizure load.

  The measurement of the friction coefficient of the spherical portion 42 was performed by a pendulum type measuring machine 90 shown in FIG. The spherical member 42 of the shoe 8 is rotatably received by a receiving member 92 having the same specifications as the engaging portion 24 of the piston 12, and a downward load is applied to the shoe 8 by a pendulum 96 having a weight 94 of 100N. In this state, the pendulum 96 is swung from a certain initial swing angle, and the spherical portion 42 and the receiving member 92 (engagement portion 24) The coefficient of friction between the two is acquired. The space between the shoe 8 and the receiving member 92 was lubricated with PAG refrigerating machine oil. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 17, and the shoe of the present invention manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention is clearly compared with the friction coefficient of the conventional shoe manufactured by the conventional method not including the steps A and B shown for comparison. It has been improved.

It is front sectional drawing which shows the swash plate compressor provided with the shoe which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing of the said shoe. It is process drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the said shoe. It is front sectional drawing which shows roughly the eddy current barrel polisher used in the rough barrel grinding | polishing process and intermediate | middle barrel grinding | polishing process of the said manufacturing process. It is front sectional drawing which shows schematically the centrifugal barrel grinder used in the finishing barrel grinding | polishing process of the said manufacturing process. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows notionally the condition in the barrel tank of the said centrifugal barrel polisher. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows notionally the operating state of the said centrifugal barrel grinder. It is front sectional drawing which shows notionally the principal part of the ultrasonic polishing apparatus used for implementation of the soft ultrasonic polishing method of the shoe which is another embodiment of this invention. It is a front view (partial cross section) which shows notionally the principal part of the abrasive | polishing material containing water jet formation apparatus used for implementation of the soft water jet grinding | polishing method of the shoe which is further another embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the composition of the abrasive | polishing material used in the Example. The result of counting the number of alumina fine particles remaining on the sliding surface portion of the shoe of the example (the present invention shoe) per 100 mm ² is shown in comparison with the counting result of the shoe (conventional shoe) manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method. It is a chart. It is a table | surface which shows the surface roughness of the sliding surface part of the said this invention shoe compared with a conventional shoe. It is a chart which shows the surface roughness of the spherical part of the above-mentioned present invention shoe compared with the conventional shoe. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a seizure resistance tester. It is a chart which shows the seizure load of the sliding surface portion of the shoe of the present invention by the seizure resistance tester compared with that of the conventional shoe. It is a figure which shows a friction coefficient measuring machine notionally. It is a graph which shows the friction coefficient of the spherical surface part of this invention shoe measured with the said friction coefficient measuring machine compared with that of the conventional shoe.

Explanation of symbols

  8: Shoe 10: Housing 12: Piston 14: Swash plate 16: Rotating shaft 18: Rotation transmission device 24: Engaging portion 40: Sliding surface portion 42: Spherical surface portion 44: Sliding surface 46: Concave spherical surface 50: Eddy current barrel polishing Machine 64: Centrifugal barrel polishing machine 66: Barrel tank 68: Revolving body 70: Revolution axis 72: Autorotation axis 74: Abrasive material 100: Polishing tank 101: Polishing liquid 102: Abrasive material 103: Mixed liquid 104: Ultrasonic vibrator 105 : Holding plate 106: Supply unit 107: Discharge unit 110: High-pressure water 112: Water nozzle 114: Abrasive material 116: Mixing chamber 118: Abrasive material-containing water jet 120: Abrasive material-containing water jet nozzle

Claims (9)

A swash plate compressor shoe having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate compressor,
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 3 μm or more remaining on the sliding surface portion is 2000 or less per 100 mm ² . A swash plate compressor shoe having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate compressor,
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 5 μm or more among the abrasive grains remaining on the sliding surface portion is 800 or less per 100 mm ² . A swash plate compressor shoe having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate and a piston of a swash plate compressor,
A shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the number of abrasive grains having a longest diameter of 10 μm or more among the abrasive grains remaining on the sliding surface portion is 300 or less per 100 mm ² . A method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor having a flat sliding surface portion and a spherical portion opposite to the sliding surface portion, and disposed between a swash plate of a swash plate compressor and a piston. There,
Polishing including one or more polishing steps, at least the final polishing step including soft particles made of a material softer than the surface layer portion of the shoe and hard particles made of a material smaller than the soft particles and harder than the soft particles A method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the shoe is a soft polishing step in which a shoe is polished using a material.   The method for manufacturing a swash plate compressor shoe according to claim 4, wherein the soft polishing step is a soft barrel polishing step in which the shoe is barrel-polished using the abrasive containing the soft particles and the hard particles.   The particles produced from one or more kinds of materials selected from walnut husk, peach husk, plum husk, apricot husk, coconut husk, corn head, synthetic resin and the like are used as the soft particles. 5. A method for producing a swash plate compressor shoe according to claim 5.   As the hard particles, oxide-based abrasive grains mainly composed of oxides such as alumina and silicon oxide, nitride-based abrasive grains mainly composed of nitrides such as titanium nitride, and carbides such as silicon carbide as main components. The method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein at least one kind of abrasive grains selected from carbide-based abrasive grains is used.   The method for manufacturing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to claim 7, wherein iron oxide particles are used as the oxide-based abrasive grains.   The method for producing a shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the soft particles have an average diameter of 30 times or more the average diameter of the hard particles.

Images