JP2005538290A - Cylinder for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Cylinder for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005538290A JP2005538290A JP2004533603A JP2004533603A JP2005538290A JP 2005538290 A JP2005538290 A JP 2005538290A JP 2004533603 A JP2004533603 A JP 2004533603A JP 2004533603 A JP2004533603 A JP 2004533603A JP 2005538290 A JP2005538290 A JP 2005538290A
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- cylinder
- ring
- metal ring
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- insulating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/14—Cylinders with means for directing, guiding or distributing liquid stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/006—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having a ring at the inside of a liner or cylinder for preventing the deposit of carbon oil particles, e.g. oil scrapers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
内燃機関用のシリンダにおいて、金属リング(6)がシリンダの頂部に設けられている。絶縁リング(7)はシリンダの頂部において、金属リングとシリンダ壁との間に設けられている。絶縁リング(7)の軸方向の長さは金属リング(6)の軸方向の長さより短く、比較的冷却されにくい部分に熱の一部がシリンダの頂部に移動しないようにする共に、シリンダの周囲に備えられた冷却通路(5)への熱伝導を妨げないようにする。In a cylinder for an internal combustion engine, a metal ring (6) is provided at the top of the cylinder. The insulating ring (7) is provided between the metal ring and the cylinder wall at the top of the cylinder. The length of the insulating ring (7) in the axial direction is shorter than the length of the metal ring (6) in the axial direction. The heat conduction to the cooling passage (5) provided around is not disturbed.
Description
本発明は、内燃機関用シリンダに関する。 The present invention relates to a cylinder for an internal combustion engine.
本発明は、特にライナー面に高熱が伝達されるシリンダの構成を改良するものである。シリンダライナーは、冷却剤を流すことにより冷却される。ライナーは、内圧や他の機械的力に対抗するために充分な厚みと強度を有している必要があるが、局部温度及びライナー内の温度勾配によってその厚みは限定されるため、熱応力や、疲労寿命の減少を引き起こす。充分な冷却を行う一方で、充分な強度及び疲労寿命を保持することは、ライナーの頂部において最も必要である。ライナーの頂部においては、局所熱流束が最も高く、また、シリンダライナーと炎板(flame−plate)との間に冷却通路を配置することが困難であるためである。 The present invention particularly improves the configuration of a cylinder in which high heat is transferred to the liner surface. The cylinder liner is cooled by flowing a coolant. The liner must have sufficient thickness and strength to resist internal pressure and other mechanical forces, but the thickness is limited by the local temperature and temperature gradient within the liner, so thermal stress and Cause a reduction in fatigue life. Maintaining sufficient strength and fatigue life while providing sufficient cooling is most necessary at the top of the liner. This is because the local heat flux is the highest at the top of the liner, and it is difficult to place a cooling passage between the cylinder liner and the flame-plate.
シリンダの頂部に挿入した適切な金属製のリングによって、上死点に到達したカーボンをピストンから掻き落とす構成が一般的である。この金属製リングは断熱層としても機能して、シリンダライナーの頂部において局所熱流束を減少させる。さらに、ライナーの頂部に設けられる合成セラミック製スリーブが米国特許第4,921,734号(下記特許文献1)に開示されている。 In general, the carbon that has reached the top dead center is scraped off from the piston by a suitable metal ring inserted into the top of the cylinder. This metal ring also functions as a thermal barrier, reducing the local heat flux at the top of the cylinder liner. Further, a synthetic ceramic sleeve provided on the top of the liner is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,921,734 (Patent Document 1 below).
英国特許第2,009,884号(下記特許文献2)において、テーパ状の金属製リングをシリンダの上端に備えたエンジンが開示されている。上記エンジンのピストンは、上記リングに対応するテーパを有しており、ピストンがテーパ状のリングに到達するまではシリンダ壁に接近することがないようにしている。金属製リングの内面に絶縁リングを設けてもよいし、金属製リングとシリンダとの間に空隙を設けてもよい。
本発明により提供される内燃機関用のシリンダは、シリンダ全体を形成する壁と、前記壁の周囲に冷却材を流すための冷却通路と、前記シリンダの上端において前記壁の半径方向の内側に設けられた金属リングと、前記金属リングと前記壁との間に設けられた絶縁リングと、を有し、前記金属リングは前記壁よりも高熱に耐えることが可能であり、前記絶縁リングは前記金属リングの上端から前記金属リングの長さの一部だけに延びて断熱層を形成し、前記絶縁リングの近傍において前記金属リングから前記壁への熱伝導を減少させることを特徴とする。 A cylinder for an internal combustion engine provided by the present invention includes a wall that forms the entire cylinder, a cooling passage for flowing a coolant around the wall, and a radially inner side of the wall at the upper end of the cylinder. A metal ring, and an insulating ring provided between the metal ring and the wall, wherein the metal ring can withstand higher heat than the wall, and the insulating ring is formed of the metal ring. A heat insulating layer is formed extending from the upper end of the ring to a part of the length of the metal ring, and heat conduction from the metal ring to the wall is reduced in the vicinity of the insulating ring.
絶縁リングを金属リングの頂部に設けることによって、比較的冷却されにくい部分の熱の一部を冷却通路の最上部に逃がすことができる。しかし、絶縁リングが長すぎると、冷却通路の最上部への熱伝導を妨げてしまう。このために金属リングの温度が著しく上がり、熱による歪みや疲労のおそれを増加させる。また、シリンダ壁の内側の温度上昇も引き起こす。そこで、絶縁リングを金属リングの長さの一部分だけ延びるようにすることによって、この問題は解決する。 By providing the insulating ring on the top of the metal ring, part of the heat of the portion that is relatively difficult to cool can be released to the top of the cooling passage. However, if the insulating ring is too long, heat conduction to the uppermost portion of the cooling passage will be hindered. This significantly increases the temperature of the metal ring, increasing the risk of thermal distortion and fatigue. It also causes a temperature rise inside the cylinder wall. Thus, this problem is solved by extending the insulating ring only a portion of the length of the metal ring.
金属リングの長さに対する絶縁リングの正確な長さは、シリンダの寸法や運転パラメータによって変わる。熱をシリンダの頂部から逃がすと共に、冷却通路の最上部への熱伝導を可能にする範囲を知るために熱分析を行い、絶縁リングの正確な長さを決定することができる。 The exact length of the insulating ring relative to the length of the metal ring depends on the cylinder dimensions and operating parameters. Thermal analysis can be performed to determine the exact length of the insulating ring to allow heat to escape from the top of the cylinder and to know the extent to which heat conduction to the top of the cooling passage is possible.
通常、絶縁リングの軸方向の長さは金属リングの軸方向の長さの半分未満、または4分の1未満であることが好ましい。あるいは、前記絶縁リングの軸方向の長さはシリンダの穴の長さの10%未満、好ましくは5%未満である。 In general, the axial length of the insulating ring is preferably less than half or less than a quarter of the axial length of the metal ring. Alternatively, the axial length of the insulating ring is less than 10%, preferably less than 5% of the length of the cylinder bore.
例えば、高熱運転を行う中速(300〜1000rpm)エンジンなどにおいて、ピストンリングはピストンクラウンから比較的大きく離れた位置に備えられていることが多いため、その金属リングは低熱運転を行うエンジンよりも長い距離延びている。この場合、絶縁リングの軸方向長さの金属リングの軸方向長さに対する小さい割合は小さくになる。軸方向に短い金属リングを備えたエンジンにおいては、絶縁リングは金属リングの軸方向の長さに対して大きい割合を占めることになろう。 For example, in a medium speed (300 to 1000 rpm) engine that performs high heat operation, the piston ring is often provided at a position relatively far from the piston crown. It extends a long distance. In this case, a small ratio of the axial length of the insulating ring to the axial length of the metal ring is small. In engines with a short metal ring in the axial direction, the insulating ring will account for a large proportion of the axial length of the metal ring.
絶縁リングは空隙であってもよいが、セラミック製であることがより好ましい。このセラミック製リングは、金属リング及び/又はライナー上に噴射形成されてもよい。あるいは、絶縁リングは、金属リングとシリンダ壁との間の環状の隙間に挿入されるセラミックテープであってもよい。 The insulating ring may be a gap, but is more preferably made of ceramic. The ceramic ring may be spray formed on the metal ring and / or liner. Alternatively, the insulating ring may be a ceramic tape inserted into an annular gap between the metal ring and the cylinder wall.
シリンダは、ライナーを有していなくてもよいが有しているほうが好ましい。この場合、シリンダ壁は外面部とライナーとを有しており、絶縁リングはライナーと金属リングとの間に設けられている。 The cylinder does not have to have a liner, but preferably has a liner. In this case, the cylinder wall has an outer surface portion and a liner, and the insulating ring is provided between the liner and the metal ring.
金属リングは、例えばニモニック合金(Nimonic)などのニッケル合金のような耐熱合金製であるが、耐熱性であればより廉価な材料を使用してもよい。 The metal ring is made of a heat-resistant alloy such as a nickel alloy such as a mnemonic alloy, but a less expensive material may be used as long as it is heat-resistant.
金属リングはシリンダ穴内にわずかに突出している。このとき、金属リングは摩耗防止リングとして機能して、ピストンクラウンに堆積したカーボンを従来の方法で除去する。 The metal ring projects slightly into the cylinder bore. At this time, the metal ring functions as a wear prevention ring, and carbon deposited on the piston crown is removed by a conventional method.
ライナー全体にかかる高い熱流束などの状態に対応するために、冷却通路は、前記シリンダの軸方向にその周囲をらせん状に延びており、冷却速度ひいては熱伝導を向上させることが好ましい。しかし、あらゆる適切な形状の冷却通路を本発明と組み合わせて使用してもよい。 In order to cope with a state such as a high heat flux applied to the entire liner, it is preferable that the cooling passage extends spirally around the cylinder in the axial direction, thereby improving the cooling rate and thus heat conduction. However, any suitable shaped cooling passage may be used in combination with the present invention.
本発明によるシリンダの実施例について、図面を参照しながら以下に説明する。 Embodiments of a cylinder according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
シリンダ1は、鋳鉄製あるいは鋳鋼製のストロングバックライナー2を備えている。シリンダ1の上にはシリンダヘッド(図示せず)が従来の態様で備えられている。図1に部分的に示されているピストン3はピストンリング4を備えており、シリンダ内を往復動する。このピストンは本発明の構成要素ではないので、ここでは説明しない。 The cylinder 1 includes a strong back liner 2 made of cast iron or cast steel. A cylinder head (not shown) is provided on the cylinder 1 in a conventional manner. The piston 3 partially shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a piston ring 4 and reciprocates in the cylinder. This piston is not a component of the present invention and will not be described here.
シリンダライナー2はシリンダの長手方向に冷却液を流すためのらせん状の冷却通路を備えている。 The cylinder liner 2 includes a helical cooling passage for flowing a cooling liquid in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder.
ライナー2の頂部に形成された環状の溝内に、金属製リング6が挿入されている。このリングは、ニモニック合金(Nimonic)などの耐熱ニッケル合金製であることが好ましい。リングはシリンダ内の空間にわずかに突出して、摩耗防止リングとして機能する。リングは、シリンダの頂部における高熱や応力に耐え、ひずむこともない。図1から分かるように、金属製リング6は常に(上死点においてさえ)ピストンリング4の上に配置される。
A
金属製リング6の頂部に形成された環状の溝内において、金属製リングとライナー2の間に絶縁リング7が挿入される。この絶縁リングは、スーパーウールペーパーなどのセラミック製であることが好ましい。
An insulating ring 7 is inserted between the metal ring and the liner 2 in an annular groove formed at the top of the
上記の位置において絶縁リング7は、金属製リング6の頂部とライナー2との間の断熱層として機能する。このため、シリンダ内から金属製リングへと伝達された熱が絶縁リング7を介してライナー2の上端部に伝わることが妨げられる。代わりに、シリンダライナー2における絶縁リングの下方部位へ優先的に熱が伝達される。その結果、ライナー2における冷却通路5に近い部位に熱が効果的に伝達されて、冷却剤によって熱を除去することができる。綿密な有限要素法計算によれば、上記構成によってライナーにおける熱応力を減少させると共に、耐用年数を向上させることができる。
In the above position, the insulating ring 7 functions as a heat insulating layer between the top of the
本実施例において、シリンダの穴の寸法は370mm、金属製リング6の軸方向寸法は75mm、絶縁リング7の軸方向寸法は10mmである。
In the present embodiment, the cylinder hole has a dimension of 370 mm, the
金属製リングの外側に絶縁層を設ける構成は、エンジンの一部に穴をあけて形成した、ライナーを備えていないシリンダにおいても使用できる。シリンダライナーを備えている構成においては、金属製リングによって高熱の燃焼ガスから絶縁リングが保護される一方で、絶縁リングによってエンジン内の熱応力が減少される。 The configuration in which the insulating layer is provided outside the metal ring can be used even in a cylinder that is formed by making a hole in a part of the engine and does not include a liner. In the configuration including the cylinder liner, the metal ring protects the insulating ring from the hot combustion gas, while the insulating ring reduces the thermal stress in the engine.
1 シリンダ
2 ストロングバックライナー
3 ピストン
4 ピストンリング
5 冷却通路
6 金属製リング
7 絶縁リング
1 Cylinder 2 Strong Back Liner 3 Piston 4
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0220685.2A GB0220685D0 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2002-09-05 | A cylinder for an internal combustion engine |
PCT/GB2003/003730 WO2004022960A1 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2003-08-29 | A cylinder for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005538290A true JP2005538290A (en) | 2005-12-15 |
Family
ID=9943573
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004533603A Pending JP2005538290A (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2003-08-29 | Cylinder for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050279296A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1534948A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005538290A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003260749A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0220685D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004022960A1 (en) |
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DE1234095B (en) * | 1960-07-06 | 1967-02-09 | Sulzer Ag | Fluid-cooled cylinder liner of a piston internal combustion engine |
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JPS6044506B2 (en) * | 1979-02-17 | 1985-10-03 | 日野自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine cylinder liner |
DE3038235C2 (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1983-12-22 | Mahle Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Cylinder or cylinder liner for reciprocating internal combustion engines |
DE3236185A1 (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-05 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | PISTON PISTON ENGINE |
JPS61237867A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-23 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Cylinder head for internal-combustion engine |
SE464775B (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-06-10 | Arne Remmerfelt | SPRING SEALING PARTS FOR SEALING BETWEEN TWO OPPOSITE SURFACES |
FI106972B (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2001-05-15 | Waertsilae Tech Oy Ab | antipolishing |
US6234134B1 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2001-05-22 | General Electric Company | Internal combustion engine having integral anti-polishing ring |
-
2002
- 2002-09-05 GB GBGB0220685.2A patent/GB0220685D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-08-29 WO PCT/GB2003/003730 patent/WO2004022960A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-08-29 JP JP2004533603A patent/JP2005538290A/en active Pending
- 2003-08-29 AU AU2003260749A patent/AU2003260749A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-29 EP EP03793856A patent/EP1534948A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-29 US US10/526,371 patent/US20050279296A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2004022960A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
US20050279296A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
AU2003260749A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
EP1534948A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
GB0220685D0 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
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