JP2005536721A - 小角光散乱によって決定される石油混合物中のアスファルテン凝集 - Google Patents
小角光散乱によって決定される石油混合物中のアスファルテン凝集 Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/51—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid inside a container, e.g. in an ampoule
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2835—Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
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Abstract
Description
q≡(4πn/λ)sin(θ/2) (1)
である。式中、nは、液体(すなわち油)の屈折率である。屈折率計を用いて、フォーティーズ(Forties)油の屈折率は、n=1.470±0.005である(異なる量のソウエディ(Souedie)油が為すであろう小さな変化は無視される)。装置が探査するq値の範囲は、セルおよびスクリーンの間の距離を変えることによって、またCCDカメラのレンズのタイプを変えて効果的な視野を変えることによって変化されるであろう。この組の実験においては、レンズ、距離、またはレーザー強度はいずれも変えられず、したがって得られた強度は任意の単位で表されるものの、それにもかかわらず、異なる試料について測定された強度は、定量的に比較されるであろう。最小のqは、結局、黒色のビームストップ(非常に明るい透過レーザービームがスクリーン上に現れるのを防止する)の半径によって制約される。最終的に、不完全性、または最初にセル上にある残渣からのバックグラウンド散乱は、報告強度から減じられる。
石油に対する混和性パラメーターINおよびSBNを、次の手順によって得た。すなわち、実質的に、アスファルテン凝集体を検知するための顕微鏡方法((特許文献1および2)を参照されたい)を、本発明(アスファルテン凝集体を検知するためのSALS方法)で置換える手順による。微粒子が除去された石油(例えばソウエディ(Souedie))の容積V油は、容積V芳香族の芳香族溶媒(例えばトルエン)で希釈される。非極性脂肪族溶媒(例えばn−ヘプタン)の容積V脂肪族が、この混合物に加えられ、撹拌される。いかなる可能性のあるアスファルテン凝集も、(特許文献1)および(特許文献2)におけるように、進行可能である。薄い光学セルは、混合物を装入され、I(q)が、SALS装置を用いて測定される。V油およびV芳香族については、異なるV脂肪族に対するSALS測定を繰返すことによって、一組のSALS強度I(q,V脂肪族)が得られる。波数q*(典型的には0.3μm−1)は、固定され、q=q*におけるI(V脂肪族)がプロットされる。低いV脂肪族については、凝集なしに対応する散乱は殆ど存在しない。しかし、より大きなV脂肪族については、V脂肪族が或る値V*を超える場合に、散乱光強度は、急激にバックグラウンドレベルを超えて増大する。典型的には、V*は、V脂肪族として定義され、それを超えて散乱光強度は、平均バックグラウンドレベルを超えて少なくとも2倍増大する。三つの容積(V油、V芳香族、V*)は、その原油、ならびに芳香族および脂肪族溶媒の選択物に対する非混和相の境界に一つの点を定める。非混和相の境界のさらなる点は、油の容積および/または芳香族溶媒の容積を変動し、異なるV*値が与えられるようにI(q,V脂肪族)の測定を繰返すことによって得られるであろう。三組以上の容積(V油、V芳香族、V*)については、最良のINおよびSBNが、(特許文献1)および(特許文献2)に記載されるプロット上の全ての点を最小2乗適合することによって計算される。二組の容積は、直線を与えるのに十分であるが、INおよびSBNの測定精度は、より多くの組の容積が測定されて適合に含まれる場合に、向上する。
Claims (11)
- アスファルテンが溶液中に可溶か、または不溶かを決定する方法であって、
(a)該溶液を、レーザービームで照射する工程、
(b)散乱光強度を、レーザービームからの角度の関数として測定する工程、および
(c)アスファルテンが該溶液中に可溶か、または不溶かを、該散乱光強度から決定する工程
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記溶液は、一種以上の石油を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液は、石油、ならびに芳香族液体および脂肪族液体を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液は、一種以上の石油、ならびにトルエンまたはヘプタンを含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 石油の不溶解価および溶解ブレンド価を測定する工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記不溶解価および前記溶解ブレンド価は、アスファルテンを含む各石油に対するトルエン当量試験およびヘプタン希釈試験から決定されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液におけるアスファルテン凝集の開始を決定する工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液におけるアスファルテン解凝集の開始を決定する工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液を、所定の温度で保持する工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の温度は、凝集体が全く存在しない高温で測定された強度を超える測定強度の増大によって決定されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の温度は、約54℃であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US39700202P | 2002-07-19 | 2002-07-19 | |
US10/458,811 US6839137B2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2003-06-10 | Asphaltene aggregation in petroleum oil mixtures determined by small angle light scattering |
PCT/US2003/022260 WO2004009733A2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2003-07-08 | Asphaltene aggregation in petroleum oil mixtures determined by small angle light scattering |
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JP2005536721A true JP2005536721A (ja) | 2005-12-02 |
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JP2004523471A Pending JP2005536721A (ja) | 2002-07-19 | 2003-07-08 | 小角光散乱によって決定される石油混合物中のアスファルテン凝集 |
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US (1) | US6839137B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1543312B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005536721A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003251963B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2490415C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004009733A2 (ja) |
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WO2010008028A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | 株式会社 ポッカコーポレーション | 分散液の解析方法及び装置並びに分散液の安定性評価方法及び装置 |
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JP2014112102A (ja) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-06-19 | Pokka Sappro Food & Beverage Ltd | 分散液の安定性評価方法 |
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2003
- 2003-06-10 US US10/458,811 patent/US6839137B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-08 CA CA2490415A patent/CA2490415C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-08 EP EP03765627A patent/EP1543312B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-08 AU AU2003251963A patent/AU2003251963B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-08 JP JP2004523471A patent/JP2005536721A/ja active Pending
- 2003-07-08 WO PCT/US2003/022260 patent/WO2004009733A2/en active Application Filing
Cited By (17)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6839137B2 (en) | 2005-01-04 |
CA2490415A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
WO2004009733A2 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
EP1543312A2 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
AU2003251963A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
AU2003251963B2 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
EP1543312A4 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
CA2490415C (en) | 2013-02-26 |
EP1543312B1 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
WO2004009733A3 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
US20040012782A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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