JP2005521026A - バーナーに使用する着脱自在な点火ポートプラグ - Google Patents
バーナーに使用する着脱自在な点火ポートプラグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005521026A JP2005521026A JP2003578827A JP2003578827A JP2005521026A JP 2005521026 A JP2005521026 A JP 2005521026A JP 2003578827 A JP2003578827 A JP 2003578827A JP 2003578827 A JP2003578827 A JP 2003578827A JP 2005521026 A JP2005521026 A JP 2005521026A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 91
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000167550 Centella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
- F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
- F23M11/042—Viewing ports of windows
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/10—Premixing fluegas with fuel and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
- F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
4,257,763において詳細に説明されるように、頻繁な調整が必要であるかもしれない。さらに、多くの生のガスバーナーは輝炎を発生させる。
(a)下流端及び上流端を有するバーナー管と、
(b)前記炉の第1開口に隣接するバーナー先端であって、該バーナー先端の下流において前記燃料の燃焼が生じるバーナー先端と、
(c)炉の第1開口に隣接する点火室と、
(d)前記点火室に置かれたときに、前記点火室を実質的に満たすことができる形状を有する着脱自在の点火室プラグとを、
含んでなる。
(a)所定位置において燃料と、空気、燃焼排ガス又は空気と燃焼排ガスの混合物とを一緒にし、
(b)前記バーナーのバーナー先端に隣接する点火室内に挿入された点火器を用いて燃料に点火し、
(c)前記所定位置の下流の燃焼ゾーンにおいて前記燃料を燃焼させ、
(d)前記点火室内に着脱自在な点火室プラグを挿入することにより前記点火室を塞ぐ、
ことを含んでなる。
5,092,761に開示されるタイプの点火要素(図示省略)は本発明の運転に有益である。
4,629,413で説明されるように段階空気口30を介して炉内に入り、二次燃焼、即ち、段階燃焼がなされる。
Ceramics Corporationから商的量で入手することができるKaowool(登録商標)Ceramic Fiber Blanketなどのような、セラミック繊維ブランケットである。
本発明の利点を査定するために、数値流体力学(CFD)を用いて、以下に説明するように、構成を評価した。CFD解析は基本的な制御方程式を解いて解領域のあらゆる点における流体速度、種別、燃焼反応、圧力、熱伝達、および温度値を提供する。分析を実行するためにFluent
Inc.( Fluent, Inc.、米国ニューハンプシャー州03766−1442、レバノン、センテラ・リソース・パーク、キャベンディッシュ・コート10)のソフトウェア「FLUENT」(登録商標)を使用した。
実施例2において、本発明のバーナー点火プラグは、実施例1の既存のバーナーと同じように、同じ物質バランスに関してシミュレートされた。詳細な物質エネルギーバランスに関する温度プロフィールは、数値流体力学ソフトウェア「FLUENT」を使用することで得られた。得られた結果はより均質な温度プロフィールを見せた。これがバーナーのNOx放出を抑えることが予期されることが経験により理解される。
本発明の利点をさらに示すために、米国特許No.5,092,761(該特許の図5で示されるように)で説明されるタイプの燃焼排ガス再循環を用いるが、本発明の点火ポートプラグなしのプリミックスバーナーを30%のH2、70%の天然ガスを含む燃料ガスを使用し、水蒸気の噴射速度を0lb/h、および196lb/hとし、600万BTU/hの燃焼速度で運転した。NOx放出量は、それぞれ88ppmと、49ppmであった。
Kaowool(登録商標)Ceramic Fiber Blanketからなる本発明の点火ポートプラグを実施例 3のプリミックスバーナーに取り付けた。バーナーをH230%、天然ガス70%の燃料ガスを使用し、水蒸気の噴射速度を0lb/h、および195lb/hとし、600万BTU/hの燃焼速度で運転した。NOxのそれぞれの放出量は73ppmと、37ppmであった。
Claims (17)
- 炉内において燃料を燃焼させるバーナーであって、
(a)下流端及び上流端を有するバーナー管と、
(b)前記炉の第1開口に隣接するバーナー先端であって、該バーナー先端の下流において前記燃料の燃焼が生じるバーナー先端と、
(c)炉の第1開口に隣接する点火バーナー先端室と、
(d)前記点火室に置かれたときに前記点火室を実質的に満たすことができる形状を有する着脱自在の点火室プラグとを、
含んでなるバーナー。 - 前記炉の内壁内に位置して前記点火室と一直線上に配列された視認及び点火ポートをさらに含んでなる請求項1のバーナー。
- 前記点火室プラグに取り付けられ、前記視認及び点火ポートを介して前記点火室に挿入される点火室プラグアセンブリを形成する取付ロッドをさらに含んでなる請求項2のバーナー。
- 前記バーナー管の前記上流端は、燃料と、空気、燃焼排ガス又は空気と燃焼排ガスの混合物とを受ける請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー。
- 前記バーナー先端は前記バーナー管の前記下流端に設けられている請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー。
- 前記点火室はバーナータイルから形成されている請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー。
- 前記着脱自在な点火室プラグは、前記炉の内部にさらされる面であって、前記バーナータイルに面一取付けされる面を有する請求6のバーナー。
- 前記面はセラミック又は高温耐火材料から作られている請求項7のバーナー。
- 前記着脱自在な点火室プラグはセラミックファイバーブランケット材料から作られている請求項1ないし8のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー。
- 前記バーナーはプレミックスバーナー又はフラットフレームバーナーである請求項1ないし9のいずれか1つに記載のバーナー。
- 炉のバーナーにおいて燃料を燃焼させる方法であって、
(a)所定位置において燃料と、空気、燃焼排ガス又は空気と燃焼排ガスの混合物とを一緒にし、
(b)前記バーナーのバーナー先端に隣接する点火室内に挿入された点火器を用いて燃料に点火し、
(c)前記所定位置の下流の燃焼ゾーンにおいて前記燃料を燃焼させ、
(d)前記点火室内に着脱自在な点火室プラグを挿入することにより前記点火室を塞ぐ、
ステップを含んでなる方法。 - 前記燃焼ゾーンに向かって流れるまだ燃焼していない燃料の吸気効果に応答して、前記炉から燃料ガスの流れを引っ張って、該燃料ガスを前記燃焼ゾーンの上流の前記所定位置において前記空気に混ぜるステップ(e)をさらに含んでなる請求項11の方法。
- 前記燃料ガスの流れを引っ張るステップ(e)は、前記燃焼していない燃料をベンチュリ管内に流して、該ベンチュリ管内を流れる該燃焼していない燃料の前記吸気効果により前記燃焼排ガスを前記ベンチュリ管内に引っ張ることを含んでなる請求項12の方法。
- 前記燃焼排ガスよりも低い温度の空気を前記ステップ(e)において引っ張られる前記燃焼ガスの流れに混入させ、該低い温度の空気と該燃焼ガスとの混合物を前記所定位置へ引っ張って、前記引っ張られた燃焼排ガスの温度を下げるステップ(f)をさらに含んでなる請求項12又は13の方法。
- 前記バーナーはプレミックスバーナー又はフラットフレームバーナーである請求項1ないし14のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記炉は水蒸気分解炉である請求項11ないし15のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記着脱自在な点火室プラグを耐火材料又はセラミック材料から形成することをさらに含んでなる請求項11ないし16のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US36508102P | 2002-03-16 | 2002-03-16 | |
PCT/US2003/007907 WO2003081137A1 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2003-03-14 | Removable light-off port plug for use in burners |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005521026A true JP2005521026A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
JP2005521026A5 JP2005521026A5 (ja) | 2011-01-13 |
JP4673554B2 JP4673554B2 (ja) | 2011-04-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2003578827A Expired - Fee Related JP4673554B2 (ja) | 2002-03-16 | 2003-03-14 | バーナーに使用する着脱自在な点火室埋め具 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7476099B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1488172B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4673554B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE484713T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003218163A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60334535D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003081137A1 (ja) |
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ATE484713T1 (de) * | 2002-03-16 | 2010-10-15 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Lösbarer zündelementdeckel für einen brenner |
US8062027B2 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2011-11-22 | Elster Gmbh | Industrial burner and method for operating an industrial burner |
US20070269755A2 (en) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-11-22 | Petro-Chem Development Co., Inc. | Systems, apparatus and method for flameless combustion absent catalyst or high temperature oxidants |
US8479720B1 (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2013-07-09 | Oscar Enrique Figueroa | Heating device and method |
US10533741B2 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-01-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low NOx burner with exhaust gas recycle and partial premix |
DE212019000407U1 (de) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-05-27 | Novelis Inc. | Brennerreinigungsöffnungen mit verjüngtem Stopfen |
CN114413254A (zh) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-29 | 陕西亿兴嘉元科技有限公司 | 一种加氢混合烟气回收利用方法及系统 |
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SU374488A1 (ru) | 1970-05-20 | 1973-03-20 | Способ регулирования расхода газа в горелках | |
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-
2003
- 2003-03-14 AT AT03714154T patent/ATE484713T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-14 US US10/388,893 patent/US7476099B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-14 JP JP2003578827A patent/JP4673554B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-14 WO PCT/US2003/007907 patent/WO2003081137A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-03-14 AU AU2003218163A patent/AU2003218163A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-14 EP EP03714154A patent/EP1488172B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-14 DE DE60334535T patent/DE60334535D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-12-08 US US12/329,751 patent/US8454349B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1488172B1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
WO2003081137A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
JP4673554B2 (ja) | 2011-04-20 |
US20090087802A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
US8454349B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
AU2003218163A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
US7476099B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
US20030175632A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
ATE484713T1 (de) | 2010-10-15 |
DE60334535D1 (de) | 2010-11-25 |
EP1488172A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
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