JP2005352322A - Polarizing plate, liquid crystal display element substrate and liquid crystal display element using the polarizing plate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polarizing plate which exhibits high light transmittance and polarizing performance when used in, for example, a liquid crystal display element capable of displaying colors, and to provide a liquid crystal display element substrate. <P>SOLUTION: The polarizing plate includes: a substrate; a resin layer formed on the substrate and has a pattern of recesses and projections; and a polarizing plate formed on the resin layer and containing dichromatic dye. The polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing areas. At least one of the polarizing areas has a spectral polarization characteristic that is different from the spectral polarization characteristic of the other polarizing area. Providing such a polarizing plate attains the above-mentioned purpose. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a polarizing plate used for a liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal display element substrate using the same, and a liquid crystal display element.

  In recent years, liquid crystal display elements have been applied to various fields such as monitors for personal computers, mobile phones, and flat-screen televisions.

  Examples of the polarizing plate used in the liquid crystal display element include those obtained by uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film and adsorbing and orienting iodine or a dichroic dye on the surface thereof, giving strength, protecting from moisture, etc. For these purposes, the polarizing plate is used on both surfaces of the polarizing plate by being bonded to a transparent protective film such as a triacetyl cellulose film. However, in such a polarizing plate, since the thickness of the film after stretching is usually as thick as about 30 μm and the heat resistance of the film is low, it cannot be formed inside the liquid crystal cell and is stuck on the outside of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, the display quality is deteriorated due to blurring caused by parallax with the glass substrate, reflection by a film, and the like.

  On the other hand, as a polarizing layer that can be formed inside the liquid crystal cell, a coating liquid containing a dichroic dye is applied by applying stress to the polarizing layer. Has been. When such a polarizing layer is used for a liquid crystal display element capable of color display, it is necessary to use a polarizing layer that exhibits polarization over the entire visible light region. Generally, dichroic dyes are used in a specific wavelength region. On the other hand, since it exhibits photodichroism, a plurality of dichroic dyes must be mixed. However, when a plurality of dichroic dyes are mixed, the orientation is inferior to that when a single dichroic dye is used, so that the polarization characteristics are not sufficient.

  In addition, a liquid crystal display element capable of color display is generally provided with a color filter layer, and both the color filter layer and the polarizing layer absorb light, causing a reduction in light transmittance. .

  Therefore, Patent Document 2 proposes a method for improving the light transmittance of a liquid crystal display element by using a color filter having a polarization function. However, in the color filter having such a polarizing function, the dichroic dye is aligned by the photo-alignment film and solidified to form the polarizing layer, so that the alignment state of the dichroic dye is unstable. There was a problem. Also, this method does not describe a liquid crystal display element in which a polarizing layer and a color filter layer are separately provided.

JP 2003-302628 A JP-A-8-286029

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. For example, a polarizing plate having high light transmittance and good polarization performance when used in a liquid crystal display element capable of color display, and a substrate for a liquid crystal display element The main purpose is to provide

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a pattern-like concave portion or convex portion, formed on the resin layer, and a dichroic dye. A polarizing layer containing the polarizing layer, wherein the polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions, and at least one of the polarizing regions exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarizing regions. A polarizing plate is provided.

  According to the present invention, at least one polarization region of the plurality of polarization regions of the polarization layer exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarization regions, so that each polarization region is, for example, a single dichroic dye. Compared to the case where a polarizing layer is formed by mixing a plurality of dichroic dyes as in the prior art, the orientation of the dichroic dye is improved, so that the polarization characteristics are improved. It has the advantage that the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced. In addition, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on the resin layer having a recess, for example, the dichroic dye can be oriented by the recess on the surface of the resin layer. It is possible to easily form a polarizing layer with good characteristics.

  In the said invention, the said dichroic dye forms a column structure, and it is preferable that the said column structure is orientating along the recessed part of the said resin layer. This is because the column structure made of the dichroic dye is oriented along the concave portion of the resin layer, so that the column structure can be easily aligned in a certain direction.

  In the present invention, the dichroic dye is preferably one that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in a solution. Since such a dichroic dye forms a column structure by self-organization in a solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing this dichroic dye, This is because the column structure can be easily oriented.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a partition may be formed between the plurality of polarizing regions. This is because the formation of the partition walls between the polarizing regions can prevent the dichroic dye contained in each polarizing region from being mixed.

  In the present invention, a wettability changing layer in which wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst is formed between the resin layer and the polarizing layer, and the wettability changing layer includes a liquid repellent region and The polarizing layer may be formed only on the lyophilic region. The lyophilic region may be a region having a smaller contact angle with the liquid than the lyophobic region. This is because the formation of the wettability changing layer makes it possible to easily form each polarizing region of the polarizing layer using a pattern having changed wettability.

  The present invention is also a substrate for a liquid crystal display element having the polarizing plate described above and a color filter layer, wherein the color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, and at least one of the plurality of colored regions. The colored region exhibits spectral transmittance characteristics different from those of other colored regions, and the polarizing region of the polarizing layer exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region formed on the polarizing region. A substrate for a liquid crystal display element is provided.

  According to the present invention, each polarization region of the polarization layer has only to exhibit spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region of the color filter layer formed on the respective polarization region. Since it can be formed using a dichroic dye, the orientation of the dichroic dye is improved compared to the conventional case where a polarizing layer is formed by mixing multiple dichroic dyes. Therefore, there is an advantage that the polarization characteristic can be improved. Further, since the material used for forming each polarization region is reduced, the thickness of the polarization layer can be reduced, so that the light transmittance can be improved.

  In the said invention, it is preferable that the said color filter layer has three types of colored areas, a red colored area, a green colored area, and a blue colored area.

  The present invention also provides a liquid crystal display element using the above-described liquid crystal display substrate. In the present invention, since the liquid crystal display element has the liquid crystal display element substrate described above, a liquid crystal display element having high light transmittance can be obtained.

  In the said invention, the said 1st board | substrate which has the said board | substrate for liquid crystal display elements, a 1st electrode layer, and a 1st alignment film, the polarizing plate mentioned above, a 2nd electrode layer, and a 2nd alignment film are included. A second substrate having a first alignment film of the first substrate and a second alignment film of the second substrate facing each other, and sandwiching a liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate. The polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate is relative to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region of the color filter layer of the first substrate facing the polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate. It may exhibit spectral polarization characteristics. In such a liquid crystal display element, since the first substrate has the above-described liquid crystal display element substrate, and the second substrate has the above-described polarizing plate, as described above, the first substrate and the second substrate Any polarizing layer of the substrate has good polarization characteristics, and the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced, so that a liquid crystal display element having high light transmittance can be obtained.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a first substrate having the polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, a second base material, and a second polarization formed on the second base material. A second substrate having a layer, a color filter layer, a second electrode layer, and a second alignment film is disposed so that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other. A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, and at least one of the plurality of colored regions exhibits a spectral transmittance characteristic different from that of the other colored regions, and the polarizing layer of the first substrate The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that the polarizing region exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region of the color filter layer of the second substrate facing the polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate. .

  In the said invention, it is preferable that the said color filter layer has three types of colored areas, a red colored area, a green colored area, and a blue colored area.

  In the present invention, at least one of the plurality of polarizing regions of the polarizing layer exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarizing regions, and each polarizing region uses, for example, a single dichroic dye. Compared to the case where a plurality of dichroic dyes are mixed to form a polarizing layer exhibiting spectral polarization characteristics over the entire visible light region as in the past, the orientation of the dichroic dyes As a result, the polarization characteristics can be improved and the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced. Furthermore, by applying, for example, a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on a resin layer having a recess, the dichroic dye can be oriented by the recess on the surface of the resin layer. It is possible to easily form a polarizing layer with good characteristics.

  Hereinafter, the polarizing plate of the present invention, a substrate for a liquid crystal display element using the same, and a liquid crystal display element will be described in detail.

A. Polarizing plate First, the polarizing plate of the present invention will be described.
The polarizing plate of the present invention includes a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a patterned concave or convex portion, a polarizing layer formed on the resin layer and containing a dichroic dye, The polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions, and at least one of the polarizing regions has a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarizing regions. Is.

  The polarizing plate of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the polarizing plate of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a polarizing plate 11 of the present invention is formed on a base material 1, a resin layer 2 formed on the base material 1 and having a pattern-like recess, and formed on the resin layer 2. And a polarizing layer 3 containing a chromatic dye. The polarizing layer 3 includes a red polarizing region 3R, a green polarizing region 3G, and a blue polarizing region 3B, and the polarizing regions 3R, 3G, and 3B exhibit different spectral polarization characteristics. For example, the red polarization region 3R exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the red wavelength region, the green polarization region 3G exhibits spectral polarization properties with respect to the green wavelength region, and the blue polarization region 3B exhibits relative to the blue wavelength region. Spectral polarization characteristics are shown.

As described above, in the present invention, at least one of the plurality of polarizing regions of the polarizing layer exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarizing regions. Therefore, each polarizing region has, for example, a single dichroism. It is possible to form using a dye, and the orientation of the dichroic dye is improved compared to the case where a polarizing layer is formed by mixing a plurality of dichroic dyes as in the prior art. Characteristics can be improved. In addition, when each polarizing region is formed using, for example, a single dichroic dye, the polarizing layer can be formed with less material than before, so the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced. Have advantages. Further, by applying, for example, a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on a resin layer having a pattern-like recess or protrusion, the dichroic dye is oriented by the recess on the surface of the resin layer. Therefore, it is possible to easily form a polarizing layer with good polarization characteristics.
Hereinafter, each structure of such a polarizing plate is demonstrated.

1. Resin Layer The resin layer used in the present invention has a pattern-like concave portion or convex portion on the surface. The shape of the pattern of the concave portion or the convex portion is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape capable of orienting a dichroic dye described later by the concave portion to form a polarizing layer. A pattern that is regularly formed in a stripe at regular intervals is preferable. This is because the dichroic dye can be easily oriented by the stripe-shaped recess.

  The width of the recess is appropriately selected depending on the type of dichroic dye described below, but is usually within the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, preferably within the range of 0.2 μm to 1 μm, and particularly 0.2 μm. It is preferable to be in the range of ~ 0.4 μm. Forming the width of the concave portion narrower than the above range is difficult in terms of the manufacturing method. Conversely, if the width of the concave portion is too wide, it may be difficult to arrange the column structure made of the dichroic dye. Because. Here, the width of the concave portion is, for example, the width indicated by a in FIG. 2 and refers to the width of the portion formed in a concave shape.

  Further, the depth of the concave portion is preferably within a range of 0.05 μm to 1 μm, and more preferably within a range of 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm. If the depth of the recess is too shallow, the ability to orient the column structure composed of the dichroic dye will be low. Conversely, if the depth of the recess is too deep, the polarizing layer forming coating solution containing the dichroic dye will be resin. This is because uneven coating may occur when coating on the layer. Here, the depth of the recess is, for example, the depth indicated by b in FIG. 2 and refers to the height from the deepest portion in the recess to the end of the recess.

  Furthermore, when the pattern of the recesses is striped, the interval between the recesses varies depending on the type of dichroic dye described later, but usually the interval between the ends of the adjacent recesses and the ends of the recesses, that is, the protrusions. Is not more than half of the wavelength of visible light, preferably in the range of 0.05 μm to 2 μm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 μm to 1 μm, particularly in the range of 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm. It is preferable. It is difficult to make the interval between the ends of adjacent recesses narrower than the above range, and conversely, if the interval between the ends of adjacent recesses is too wide, a column structure made of a dichroic dye is arranged. This may be difficult. Further, if the distance between the end of the adjacent recess and the end of the recess is a value close to the wavelength of visible light, there is a possibility that problems such as optical coloring may occur due to light diffraction. Here, the space | interval of the edge of an adjacent recessed part and the edge of a recessed part is a space | interval shown by c of FIG. 2, for example.

  The pitch of the recesses is appropriately selected depending on the type of dichroic dye described below, but is usually within the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, preferably within the range of 0.2 μm to 1 μm, particularly 0. It is preferable to be within the range of 2 μm to 0.4 μm. It is difficult to make the pitch of the recesses narrower than the above range in terms of the manufacturing method. Conversely, if the pitch of the recesses is too wide, it may be difficult to arrange the column structure made of the dichroic dye. Because. Here, the pitch of the recesses is, for example, the pitch indicated by d in FIG. 2 and refers to the distance from the center of the adjacent recesses to the center of the recesses.

  The cross-sectional shape of the concave portion is not particularly limited. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the concave portion may be a rectangle as shown in FIG. 1 or other cross-sectional shape such as a trapezoid. It is preferable that there is. This is because the column structure made of the dichroic dye can be easily aligned and oriented in a certain direction.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the resin layer used for this invention consists of curable resin. The resin layer made of a curable resin is prepared by preparing a concave portion forming substrate having a convex portion corresponding to a target concave portion on the surface, and a curable resin composition is interposed between the concave portion forming substrate and a base material described later. It is because a recessed part can be easily formed by pinching and hardening. Moreover, it is because the shape of a recessed part can be stabilized by consisting of curable resin which hardened the curable resin composition.

  Examples of the curable resin composition used in the present invention include an energy ray curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with energy rays, and a thermosetting resin composition that is cured by heat. In the present invention, an energy beam curable resin composition is particularly preferable. Examples of the energy beam curable resin composition include a UV curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, and an electron beam curable resin composition that is cured by irradiation with electron beams. A resin composition is preferred. This is because the method of using ultraviolet rays as energy rays is an already established technique and can be easily applied to the present invention.

  The UV curable resin composition is not particularly limited as long as it is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, but the polyfunctional monomer component and / or oligomer component and / or polymer component is cured by photopolymerization. It is preferable.

  Although it does not specifically limit as said polyfunctional monomer component, A polyfunctional acrylate monomer is used suitably. Specifically, ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) Acrylate, hexane di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, glycerin di (meth) acrylate, glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, penta Erythritol (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol Ruhekisa (meth) acrylate can be exemplified dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate.

  The oligomer component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy, vinyl ether, and polyene / thiol.

  The polymer component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a photocrosslinking polymer. Specifically, a polyvinyl cinnamate-based resin that causes a photodimerization reaction can be used.

  Further, as the photopolymerization initiator added to the UV curable resin composition, a photo radical polymerization initiator that can be activated by ultraviolet light, for example, ultraviolet light of 365 nm or less is used. Specifically, benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4,4-bis (dimethylamine) benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamine) benzophenone, α-amino-acetophenone, 4,4-dichlorobenzophenone, 4- Benzoyl-4-methyldiphenyl ketone, dibenzyl ketone, fluorenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, p-tert-butyldichloro Acetophenone, thioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, benzyldimethyl ketal, benzylmethoxyethyl acetal, benzoin methyl ether, Nzoin butyl ether, anthraquinone, 2-tert-butylanthraquinone, 2-amylanthraquinone, β-chloroanthraquinone, anthrone, benzanthrone, dibenzsuberon, methyleneanthrone, 4-azidobenzylacetophenone, 2,6-bis (p-azidobenzylidene ) Cyclohexane, 2,6-bis (p-azidobenzylidene) -4-methylcyclohexanone, 2-phenyl-1,2-butadion-2- (o-methoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1-phenyl-propanedione-2- ( o-ethoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1,3-diphenyl-propanetrione-2- (o-ethoxycarbonyl) oxime, 1-phenyl-3-ethoxy-propanetrione-2- (o-benzoyl) oxime, Michler's ketone 2-methyl-1 [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone, naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, quinoline Sulfonyl chloride, n-phenylthioacridone, 4,4-azobisisobutyronitrile, diphenyl disulfide, benzthiazole disulfide, triphenylphosphine, camphorquinone, Adeka N1717, carbon tetrabromide, tribromophenyl sulfone, Examples thereof include a combination of a photoreductive dye such as benzoin peroxide, eosin and methylene blue with a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid or triethanolamine. In this invention, these photoinitiators can be used 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The content of such a photopolymerization initiator is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30% by weight, particularly in the range of 1 to 10% by weight in the UV curable resin composition.

  Examples of the solvent that can be used for the UV curable resin composition include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol; terpenes such as α- or β-terpineol; acetone , Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, tetramethylbenzene; cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, carbitol, methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol , Butyl carbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethyl Glycol ethers such as lenglycol monomethyl ether and triethylene glycol monoethyl ether; ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, carbitol acetate, ethyl carbitol acetate, butyl carbitol acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Acetic acid esters such as ether acetate and propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate can be exemplified. Moreover, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be mixed and used from these solvents.

  In the present invention, the UV curable resin composition may be applied without adding a solvent. Therefore, the content of such a solvent is preferably in the range of 0 to 99.9% by weight, particularly in the range of 0 to 80% by weight in the UV curable resin composition.

  The reason why the photopolymerization initiator and the solvent are set within the above-described ranges is as follows. In this invention, the resin layer which has a recessed part can be formed by pinching and hardening the said curable resin composition between the base material and the board | substrate for recessed part formation which has a convex part. Therefore, it is preferable that the curable resin composition has a predetermined viscosity so as to enter the gaps between the concaves and convexes of the substrate for forming recesses, and the photopolymerization initiator and the solvent are within the above-described range. It can be set as the curable resin composition which has a viscosity.

  Further, the thickness of the resin layer varies depending on the type of the polarizing plate of the present invention, but the thickness of the recess is usually 1 μm or less, preferably 0.2 μm or less. It is because the polarizing plate of this invention may become heavy when the thickness of a recessed part is too thick. In consideration of the reduction in thickness of the polarizing plate, the thickness of the concave portion is preferably thin. However, since it is difficult to form a concave portion, the thickness of the concave portion is usually 0.1 μm or more. Here, the thickness of the recess means the thickness of the portion where the recess as shown by e in FIG. 2 is formed.

2. Next, the polarizing layer used in the present invention will be described. The polarizing layer used in the present invention is a layer formed on the resin layer and containing a dichroic dye, and has a plurality of polarizing regions. At least one polarization region of the plurality of polarization regions exhibits spectral polarization characteristics different from those of other polarization regions.

  In the present invention, the polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions, and at least one of the polarizing regions is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from other polarizing regions. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to have three types of polarizing regions, a red polarizing region 3R, a green polarizing region 3G, and a blue polarizing region 3B. Here, the red polarization region means a region showing spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the red wavelength region. That is, the red polarization region is a region that transmits specific polarized light in the red wavelength region. The green polarization region means that the spectral polarization characteristic is exhibited with respect to the green wavelength region, and the blue polarization region is indicative of the spectral polarization property with respect to the blue wavelength region. In the present invention, the polarizing layer has three types of polarizing regions, that is, a red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region. For example, when forming a red polarizing region, a spectral polarization characteristic with respect to a red wavelength region. Therefore, it is not necessary to mix and use a plurality of dichroic dyes having three or more different spectral polarization characteristics as in the prior art. For example, a single dichroic dye is used. Since it can be used, the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced, and the orientation of the dichroic dye can be improved. Furthermore, since there is no need to mix a plurality of dichroic dyes, there is an advantage that the choice of dichroic dyes to be used is widened. Moreover, such a polarizing plate having three types of polarizing regions can be used for a liquid crystal display element capable of color display, for example.

  The dichroic dye used in the polarizing layer in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be a layer having polarizing properties, but the normal direction of the dichroic dye is that of the substrate. It is preferable to form a stacked column structure facing a certain direction. Since the column structure formed by the self-organization of the dichroic dye is easily oriented in a certain direction along the concave portion of the resin layer, it is possible to easily form a polarizing layer having good polarization characteristics. is there.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the polarizing layer used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in this polarizing layer, the dichroic dye 13 is laminated along the concave portion of the resin layer 2 so that the normal direction n of the dichroic dye 13 faces a certain direction of the substrate 1. Thus, a column structure 13 'is formed, and a plurality of such column structures 13' are arranged to constitute a polarizing layer. Thus, in the polarizing layer constituted by arranging the dichroic dyes 13, the column structure 13 ′ composed of the dichroic dyes 13 can be oriented along the recesses of the resin layer 2. ′ Can be easily aligned in a certain direction.

  Here, the fact that the dichroic dye forms a column structure can be confirmed by measurement using an X-ray diffractometer.

  Such a dichroic dye is not particularly limited as long as it can form a column structure by stacking in a columnar shape. Examples of the dichroic dye forming the column structure include a dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group or a dichroic dye having a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group. Among them, it is preferable to use a dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group. This is because the dichroic dye having a hydrophilic group has a small hydrophilic group and the distance between adjacent column structures is short, so that the column structures can be easily arranged. Moreover, it is because an immobilization process becomes easy by neutralizing hydrophilic parts, such as a sulfonic acid group, and making it hardly soluble or insoluble in water. Examples of the hydrophilic group include a sulfonic acid group such as a sulfonic acid group, a sodium sulfonate group, an ammonium sulfonate group, a lithium sulfonate group, and a potassium sulfonate group, a carboxyl group, a sodium carboxylate group, and a carboxylic acid. Examples thereof include carboxylic acid-based hydrophilic groups such as ammonium group, lithium carboxylate group, and potassium carboxylate group, hydroxyl groups, and amino groups. Among these, a sulfonic acid-based hydrophilic group is preferable.

  Among the above, the dichroic dye used in the present invention is preferably one that forms a column structure in a solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase. This is because such a dichroic dye has a high self-organizing ability. For example, by applying a coating solution for forming a polarizing layer containing a dichroic dye that forms a column structure in a solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase, a resin layer is formed by utilizing the self-organization of the dichroic dye. The column structure can be easily oriented along the recesses of the substrate, and a polarizing layer having a high degree of polarization can be obtained.

  Examples of the dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in such a solution include a dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution, or a dichroic dye that exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an organic solvent. The kind of the solution is different depending on the substituent of the dichroic dye. When the dichroic dye has a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group, an aqueous solution is used, and a long-chain alkyl group or the like is used. When it has a hydrophobic group, an organic solvent is used.

  In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a dichroic dye that forms a column structure in an aqueous solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase. Since such a dichroic dye forms a column structure by self-assembly in an aqueous solution and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase, by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing this dichroic dye, This is because the column structure can be easily oriented along the concave portion of the resin layer. Furthermore, the dichroic dye is water-soluble, so that an immobilization process for immobilizing the column structure is facilitated.

  In the present invention, at least one of the plurality of polarizing regions exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of the other polarizing regions. Therefore, different dichroic dyes having the above-described properties are used. Each polarization region can be formed by appropriately selecting and using a dichroic dye exhibiting polarization characteristics.

  Here, having different spectral polarization characteristics means that the wavelength regions in which the dichroic dyes contained in the polarization region exhibit optical dichroism are different. In addition, the difference in the wavelength region exhibiting dichroism means that the transmittance of polarized light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye is within the wavelength region in which the dichroic dye exhibits dichroism. This means that the wavelength range becomes different. For example, in the transmission spectrum as shown in FIG. 4, the wavelength region where the dichroic dye exhibits dichroism is region A, and the transmittance of polarized light perpendicular to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye is minimum. The resulting wavelength region is about 620 nm to 660 nm. When such a dichroic dye is used in one polarization region, the wavelength region where the transmittance of polarized light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye is minimized is 520 nm in the other polarization region, for example. A dichroic dye having a thickness of about ˜550 nm may be used. Further, since the wavelength region where the transmittance of polarized light in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the dichroic dye is minimized may be different, the wavelength region where the dichroic dye exhibits optical dichroism may overlap. Good.

  When the polarizing layer in the present invention has, for example, a red polarizing region 3R, a green polarizing region 3G, and a blue polarizing region 3B as shown in FIG. 1, the dichroic dye used in these polarizing regions is as described above. It is not particularly limited as long as it has properties. For example, anthraquinone dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, porphyrin dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, quinacridone dyes, dioxazine dyes, indanthrene dyes, acridine dyes Perylene dyes, pyrazolone dyes, acridone dyes, pyranthrone dyes, isoviolanthrone dyes, and the like.

  In addition, the dichroic dye that forms the above-described column structure and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution and is specifically used in the red polarizing region includes substances represented by the following chemical formula.

Examples of the cation in the chemical formula include H ⁺ , Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Cs ^{+, and} NH ₄ ⁺ .

  The dichroic dye used in such a red polarizing region is not limited to the above substances. Further, the dichroic dye used in the red polarizing region may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but is used alone in consideration of the orientation of the dichroic dye. It is preferable.

  Furthermore, examples of the dichroic dye that forms the above-described column structure and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution and is used in the green polarizing region include substances represented by the following chemical formula.

Examples of the cation in the chemical formula include H ⁺ , Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Cs ^{+, and} NH ₄ ⁺ .

  The dichroic dye used in such a green polarizing region is not limited to the above substances. In addition, the dichroic dye used in the green polarizing region may be used singly or in combination of two or more, but it is used alone in consideration of the orientation of the dichroic dye. It is preferable.

  In addition, the dichroic dye that forms the above-described column structure and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution, and is specifically represented by the following chemical formula as the dichroic dye used in the blue polarizing region.

Examples of the cation in each chemical formula include H ⁺ , Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Cs ^{+, and} NH ₄ ⁺ .

  The dichroic dye used in such a blue polarizing region is not limited to the above substances. Further, the dichroic dye used in the blue polarizing region may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but is used alone in consideration of the orientation of the dichroic dye. It is preferable.

  Further, the dichroic dye used in the polarizing layer in the present invention is not limited to those showing the lyotropic liquid crystal phase as described above, and may show the thermotropic liquid crystal phase.

  Furthermore, the polarizing layer used in the present invention may contain a liquid crystal material in addition to the dichroic dye. For example, even if the dichroic dye is difficult to align due to the concave portion of the resin layer, the dichroic dye is aligned along the alignment direction of the liquid crystal material by aligning the liquid crystal material along the concave portion. Because it can. As the liquid crystal material, a liquid crystal material that can be generally used for a polarizing layer can be used. Further, the liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal material and the dichroic dye may exhibit a lyotropic liquid crystal phase or a thermotropic liquid crystal phase, but usually exhibits a thermotropic liquid crystal phase. Things are used.

  When the polarizing layer in the present invention has, for example, a red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region, as the arrangement of each polarizing region, when the polarizing plate of the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display element, The arrangement is not particularly limited as long as it is the same as the arrangement, and examples thereof include a stripe arrangement, a mosaic arrangement, and a delta arrangement.

  The thickness of the polarizing layer varies depending on the type of the dichroic dye, the intended transmittance of the polarizing plate, and the like, but is usually 20 nm to 1500 nm, and more preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1000 nm. preferable.

3. Next, the substrate used in the present invention will be described. The base material used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for a polarizing plate. For example, it is not flexible such as quartz glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, synthetic quartz plate. A transparent material having flexibility such as a rigid material or a transparent resin film or an optical resin plate can be used. In the present invention, among these, it is preferable to use a transparent flexible material having flexibility and a light transmittance of 80% or more, and particularly, a material having optical isotropy is preferably used. As such a material, a film made of a cellulose resin, a norbornene resin, a cycloolefin resin, or the like, and a film made of polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, or polyethersulfone can be used. Among these, a TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film is preferable.

  In the present invention, as described above, the curable resin composition is applied on the base material, and the concave portion is formed by sandwiching the curable resin composition between the base material and the concave portion forming substrate having the convex portion. Therefore, if the base material is a transparent flexible material having a flexible light transmittance of 80% or more, a continuous roll-to-roll process is performed. Thus, a polarizing plate can be produced, and a polarizing plate with high production efficiency can be obtained.

  Moreover, in order to improve the adhesiveness of a base material and a resin layer, you may surface-treat a base material. Specifically, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, UV treatment, saponification treatment, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may form a primer layer on a base material. Further, a primer layer (barrier layer) may be provided for the purpose of protecting the substrate from the curable resin. Examples of such a primer layer include silane-based and titanium-based coupling agents.

4). Partition Wall In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the partition wall 16 may be formed between the plurality of polarization regions 3R, 3G, and 3B of the polarization layer. This is because the formation of the partition walls between the polarizing regions can prevent the dichroic dye contained in each polarizing region from being mixed.

  The material used for the partition wall in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the orientation of the dichroic dye. For example, the resin used for the above-described resin layer or substrate, generally used for a black matrix. Materials and the like.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the material used for the partition in this invention is a liquid repellent material among the above. The polarizing layer used in the present invention is formed by applying a polarizing layer-forming coating solution on the resin layer. When the partition is made of a liquid repellent material, the polarizing layer is polarized on the partition. This is because the coating liquid for layer formation does not spread out and can effectively prevent the dichroic dye contained in each polarization region from being mixed.

  The position where the partition wall is formed is not particularly limited as long as it is between the polarizing regions. However, it is preferable that the partition wall 16 is formed on the convex portion of the resin layer 2 as shown in FIG. Since the partition wall is formed on the convex portion of the resin layer, the concave portion for aligning the dichroic dye contained in the polarizing layer is not covered by the partition wall, thereby preventing the orientation of the dichroic dye. Because there is nothing.

  In addition, since the polarizing layer in the present invention is formed by applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution on the resin layer, the thickness of the partition wall is the same as that contained in the polarizing layer forming coating solution. The thickness is not particularly limited as long as the color mixture of the chromatic dyes can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the width of the partition wall is not particularly limited as long as it is a width that can prevent color mixing of the dichroic dye as described above.

  Such a partition can be formed using a general patterning method such as a photolithography method.

  In the present invention, when the polarizing layer is formed on the resin layer on which the partition wall is formed, a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is formed on the surface of the resin layer on which the partition wall is not provided. Applied. As described above, the resin layer used in the present invention has concave portions formed on the surface thereof, so that the surface of the resin layer has high water repellency and the dichroic dye may not be sufficiently oriented. Accordingly, the resin layer surface to which the polarizing layer forming coating solution is applied is preferably hydrophilic. In this case, a hydrophilic layer may be provided on a resin layer not provided with a partition wall, or a resin layer surface not provided with a partition wall may be subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. Examples of the hydrophilic layer include a silica film formed by a sol-gel method of tetraethoxysilane. As a method for patterning the hydrophilic layer, a general method such as a photolithography method can be used. Moreover, as a method of surface-treating the surface of the resin layer so as to be hydrophilic, a hydrophilic surface treatment by plasma treatment using argon, water, or the like can be given. As a method for performing hydrophilic surface treatment in a pattern, a method using a photomask or the like can be used.

  Furthermore, in this invention, before forming a partition on a resin layer, the whole resin layer surface may be made hydrophilic and a partition may be formed after that.

5. In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 6D, the wettability changing layer 31 in which the wettability changes between the resin layer 2 and the polarizing layers 3R, 3G, and 3B by the action of the photocatalyst. The wettability changing layer 31 has a liquid-repellent region 31a and a lyophilic region 31b having a smaller contact angle with the liquid than the liquid-repellent region. The polarizing layers 3R, 3G, and 3B may be formed only on the region 31b. This is because the formation of the wettability changing layer makes it possible to easily form each polarizing region of the polarizing layer using a pattern having changed wettability.

The wettability changing layer used in the present invention is a layer in which wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst, and is a lyophilic region where the contact angle between the liquid repellent region and the liquid is smaller than that of the liquid repellent region. Although it will not specifically limit if it has these, It can divide into two aspects by the presence or absence of inclusion of the photocatalyst in a wettability change layer. In the first aspect of the wettability changing layer used in the present invention, the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate having a photocatalyst processing layer and a substrate containing a photocatalyst has a wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer of 200 μm or less. After being arranged with a gap in between, the layer whose wettability changes so that the contact angle with the liquid is lowered by irradiating energy from a predetermined direction. The second aspect of the wettability changing layer used in the present invention is a layer that contains a photocatalyst and whose wettability changes so that the contact angle with the liquid decreases due to the action of the photocatalyst accompanying energy irradiation. .
Hereinafter, each aspect of such a wettability changing layer will be described.

(1) 1st aspect The 1st aspect of the wettability change layer used for this invention is a photocatalyst treatment layer containing a photocatalyst treatment layer and a substrate containing a photocatalyst, the wettability change layer and the photocatalyst treatment. This is a layer whose wettability changes so that the contact angle with the liquid is lowered by irradiating energy from a predetermined direction after being arranged with a gap so that the layer is 200 μm or less. According to this aspect, by forming the wettability changing layer, it is possible to easily form each polarizing region of the polarizing layer using a pattern having changed wettability. Moreover, since the wettability changing layer does not contain a photocatalyst, the polarizing plate of the present invention has an advantage that it is not affected by the photocatalyst over time.

In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the wettability changing layer 31 is formed on the resin layer 2 (FIG. 6A), and has the wettability changing layer 31, the photocatalyst processing layer 32, and the substrate 33. The photocatalyst-containing layer side substrate 34 is arranged with a predetermined gap and irradiated with energy 36 through a photomask 35 (FIG. 6B), and the wettability is changed from liquid repellency to lyophilicity to change the parent property. A liquid region 31b is formed (FIG. 6C), whereby a wettability pattern including the liquid repellent region 31a and the lyophilic region 31b is formed on the wettability changing layer.
Hereinafter, the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate in this embodiment will be described.

(I) Wettability changing layer The material used for the wettability changing layer in this embodiment is a material whose wettability changes due to the action of the photocatalyst accompanying energy irradiation, and has a main chain that is difficult to deteriorate and decompose due to the action of the photocatalyst. The material is not particularly limited as long as it has the material, and specific examples include organopolysiloxane. Among the organopolysiloxanes, organopolysiloxanes containing a fluoroalkyl group are preferred.

  Examples of such an organopolysiloxane include (i) an organopolysiloxane that exhibits high strength by hydrolyzing and polycondensing chloro or alkoxysilane by sol-gel reaction or the like, and (ii) water repellency and oil repellency. Mention may be made of organopolysiloxanes such as organopolysiloxanes crosslinked with excellent reactive silicones.

In the case of the above (i), it is preferably an organopolysiloxane that is one or two or more hydrolysis condensates or cohydrolysis condensates of a silicon compound represented by the following general formula.
Y _n SiX _(4-n)
Here, in the above formula, Y represents an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, a vinyl group, an amino group, a phenyl group or an epoxy group, and X represents an alkoxyl group, an acetyl group or a halogen. Especially, it is preferable that carbon number of the group shown by Y exists in the range of 1-20, and it is preferable that the alkoxy group shown by X is a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, and a butoxy group. N is an integer from 0 to 3.

  In particular, an organopolysiloxane containing a fluoroalkyl group can be preferably used, and specific examples include one or two or more hydrolytic condensates and cohydrolytic condensates of the following fluoroalkylsilanes: In general, those known as fluorine-based silane coupling agents can be used.

_{CF 3 (CF 2) 3 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 5 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 9 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
(CF ₃ ) ₂ CF (CF ₂ ) ₄ CH ₂ CH ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₃ ;
_{(CF 3) 2 CF (CF} 2) 6 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{(CF 3) 2 CF (CF} 2) 8 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (C 6 H 4)} C 2 H 4 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 3 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 5 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 Si (OCH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 3 CH} 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 5 CH} 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 CH} 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 9 CH} 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{(CF 3) 2 CF (CF} 2) 4 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{(CF 3) 2 CF (CF} 2) 6 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{(CF 3) 2 CF (CF} 2) 8 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (C 6 H 4)} C 2 H 4 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 3 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 5 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 (} C 6 H 4) C 2 H 4 SiCH 3 (OCH 3) 2;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 3 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 5 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) 3;
_{CF 3 (CF 2) 9 CH} 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) 3; and _{CF 3 (CF 2) 7 SO} 2 N (C 2 H 5) C 2 H 4 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3

  When an organopolysiloxane containing a fluoroalkyl group as described above is used as a binder, the liquid repellency of the non-irradiated part of the wettability changing layer is greatly improved, and a coating liquid for forming a polarizing layer is applied over the entire surface. In addition, it is possible to prevent the polarizing layer forming coating solution from adhering, and it is possible to attach the polarizing layer forming coating solution only to the lyophilic region that is the energy irradiation part.

  Examples of the reactive silicone (ii) include compounds having a skeleton represented by the following general formula.

However, n is an integer of 2 or more, R ^1, R ² are each a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl, aryl or cyanoalkyl group, the total molar ratio of 40% or less Vinyl, phenyl and phenyl halide. Further, those in which R ¹ and R ² are methyl groups are preferable because the surface energy becomes the smallest, and the methyl groups are preferably 60% or more by molar ratio. In addition, the chain end or side chain has at least one reactive group such as a hydroxyl group in the molecular chain.

  Moreover, you may mix the stable organosilicone compound which does not carry out a crosslinking reaction like dimethylpolysiloxane with said organopolysiloxane.

  In this embodiment, various materials such as organopolysiloxane can be used in the wettability changing layer as described above. However, as described above, it is possible to include fluorine in the wettability changing layer. It is effective in forming. Therefore, it can be said that it is preferable that fluorine be contained in a material that is not easily deteriorated or decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst, specifically, that the organopolysiloxane material contains fluorine to form a wettability changing layer.

  In the wettability changing layer in this embodiment, a surfactant having a function of decomposing by the action of the photocatalyst and changing the wettability by being decomposed can be contained. Specifically, hydrocarbons such as NIKKOL BL, BC, BO, BB series manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd., ZONYL FSN, FSO manufactured by DuPont, Surflon S-141, 145 manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., Dainippon Megafac F-141, 144 manufactured by Ink Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Footgent F-200, F251 manufactured by Neos Co., Ltd., Unidyne DS-401, 402 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., Fluorard FC-170 manufactured by 3M Co., Ltd. Fluorine-based or silicone-based nonionic surfactants such as 176, and cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants can also be used.

  In addition to the above surfactants, the wettability changing layer includes polyvinyl alcohol, unsaturated polyester, acrylic resin, polyethylene, diallyl phthalate, ethylene propylene diene monomer, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, polycarbonate. Polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyimide, styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polybutadiene, polybenzimidazole, polyacrylonitrile, epichlorohydrin, polysulfide, polyisoprene, oligomers, polymers, etc. Can be contained.

When the degradation substance having the function of changing the wettability by the action of the photocatalyst as described above is included in the wettability changing layer, the binder used in the wettability changing layer is, in particular, on the wettability changing layer by the action of the photocatalyst. It is not necessary to have a function of changing the wettability of the. Such a binder is not particularly limited as long as it has a high binding energy such that the main skeleton of the binder is not decomposed by photoexcitation of the photocatalyst. For example, an amorphous silica precursor can be used. This amorphous silica precursor is represented by the general formula SiX ₄ and X is a silicon compound such as halogen, methoxy group, ethoxy group, or acetyl group, silanol as a hydrolyzate thereof, or an average molecular weight of 3000 or less. Polysiloxane is preferred. Specific examples include tetraethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane, and tetramethoxysilane. In this case, the amorphous silica precursor and the photocatalyst particles are uniformly dispersed in a non-aqueous solvent and hydrolyzed with moisture in the air on the resin layer to form silanol. The wettability changing layer can be formed by dehydration condensation polymerization with. If dehydration condensation polymerization of silanol is performed at 100 ° C. or higher, the degree of polymerization of silanol increases and the strength of the film surface can be improved. Moreover, these binders can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.

  In this embodiment, the thickness of the wettability changing layer is preferably in the range of 0.001 μm to 0.2 μm from the relationship such as the wettability change rate by the photocatalyst and the depth of the concave portion of the resin layer described above. Especially, it is preferable to be in the range of 0.01 μm to 0.1 μm. This is because if the thickness of the wettability changing layer is too thick, the concave portion of the resin layer is filled and the dichroic dye may not be easily oriented. Conversely, if the wettability changing layer is too thin, it may be difficult to form the target wettability pattern.

  The lyophilic region on the wettability changing layer is not particularly limited as long as the contact angle with the liquid is smaller than that of the liquid repellent region, and the wettability in the lyophilic region is uniform. Or it may be non-uniform.

(Ii) Photocatalyst treatment layer side substrate In this embodiment, the photocatalyst treatment layer side substrate has a photocatalyst treatment layer containing a photocatalyst and a substrate. The photocatalyst treatment layer used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst treatment layer changes the wettability of the wettability changing layer disposed with a predetermined gap. Absent. Further, the wettability of the surface may be particularly lyophilic or lyophobic.

  The photocatalyst treatment layer used in this embodiment may be formed on the entire surface of the substrate, or may be formed in a pattern on the substrate. By forming the photocatalyst treatment layer in a pattern in this way, it is necessary to irradiate the pattern using a photomask or the like when the photocatalyst treatment layer is arranged with a predetermined gap from the wettability change layer and irradiated with energy. By irradiating the entire surface, a wettability pattern composed of a lyophilic region and a liquid repellent region can be formed on the wettability changing layer.

Examples of the photocatalyst used in the photocatalyst treatment layer include titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), strontium titanate (SrTiO ₃ ), tungsten oxide (known as photo semiconductors). WO ₃ ), bismuth oxide (Bi ₂ O ₃ ), and iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) can be mentioned, and one or a mixture of two or more selected from these can be used. In this embodiment, titanium dioxide is particularly preferably used because it has a high band gap energy, is chemically stable, has no toxicity, and is easily available. There are two types of titanium dioxide, anatase type and rutile type, which can be used in the present invention, but anatase type titanium dioxide is preferred. Anatase type titanium dioxide has an excitation wavelength of 380 nm or less. Examples of such anatase type titanium dioxide include hydrochloric acid peptizer type anatase type titania sol (STS-02 manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd. (average particle size 7 nm), ST-K01 manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), nitric acid solution An anatase type titania sol (TA-15 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd. (average particle size 12 nm)) and the like can be mentioned.

  The smaller the particle size of the photocatalyst, the more effective the photocatalytic reaction takes place. The average particle size is preferably 50 nm or less, and particularly preferably 20 nm or less.

  Moreover, the photocatalyst processing layer in this aspect may be formed of a photocatalyst alone, or may be formed by mixing with a binder. In the case of a photocatalyst treatment layer composed of only a photocatalyst, the efficiency with respect to the change in wettability on the wettability change layer is improved, which is advantageous in terms of cost such as shortening of the treatment time. On the other hand, in the case of a photocatalyst treatment layer comprising a photocatalyst and a binder, there is an advantage that the formation of the photocatalyst treatment layer is easy. As the material used for the photocatalyst treatment layer, the same materials as those used for the wettability changing layer described above can be used.

  When the said photocatalyst processing layer has a photocatalyst and a binder, content of the photocatalyst in a photocatalyst processing layer can be set in the range of 5 to 60 weight%, Preferably it is 20 to 40 weight%.

  The substrate on which the photocatalyst treatment layer is formed may be a flexible substrate such as a resin film, or may be a non-flexible substrate such as a glass substrate. Good. Thus, in this embodiment, the substrate used for the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate is not particularly limited in its material, but since this photocatalyst processing layer side substrate is used repeatedly, a predetermined substrate is used. A material having strength and having a surface with good adhesion to the photocatalyst treatment layer is preferably used. Specific examples include glass, ceramic, metal, and plastic.

  In order to improve the adhesion between the substrate surface and the photocatalyst treatment layer, a primer layer may be formed on the substrate. Examples of such a primer layer include silane-based and titanium-based coupling agents.

(2) Second Aspect The second aspect of the wettability changing layer used in the present invention contains a photocatalyst and has a wettability such that the contact angle with the liquid is lowered by the action of the photocatalyst accompanying the energy irradiation. It is a changing layer. According to this aspect, since the change in wettability is formed, it is possible to easily form each polarizing region of the polarizing layer using a pattern having changed wettability.

  In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the wettability changing layer 31 is formed on the resin layer 2 (FIG. 7A) and irradiated with energy 36 through the photomask 35 (FIG. 7B). )), The wettability is changed from lyophobic to lyophilic to form the lyophilic region 31b (FIG. 7C), whereby the lyophobic region 31a and the lyophilic property are formed on the wettability changing layer. A wettability pattern composed of the region 31b is formed.

  Such a wettability changing layer is not particularly limited as long as it contains a photocatalyst, and even if it is a photocatalyst-containing layer having a photocatalyst and a material whose wettability is changed by the action of the photocatalyst, the wettability is changed by the photocatalyst. The property change layer having the material to be formed and the photocatalyst processing layer having the photocatalyst may be laminated. In the following, description will be given separately for these two cases.

(I) In the case of a photocatalyst containing layer In this embodiment, the wettability changing layer may contain a photocatalyst and may be a photocatalyst containing layer whose wettability is changed by the action of the photocatalyst. Since the wettability changing layer is a photocatalyst-containing layer, the part irradiated with energy can be made lyophilic and the part not irradiated with energy can be made a liquid repellent area. This is because each polarizing region of the polarizing layer can be formed. In addition, the photocatalyst-containing layer changes the wettability due to the action of the photocatalyst contained in the photocatalyst-containing layer itself, so that it is possible to manufacture a polarizing plate efficiently with fewer manufacturing steps. .

  The material used for such a photocatalyst-containing layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a material whose wettability changes due to the action of the photocatalyst accompanying energy irradiation and has a main chain that is not easily degraded or decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst. Instead, the same material as the wettability changing layer of the first aspect described above can be used.

  As a photocatalyst used for the said photocatalyst content layer, the thing similar to the photocatalyst processing layer of the 1st mode mentioned above can be used. Moreover, content of the photocatalyst in a photocatalyst content layer can be set in the range of 5 to 60 weight%, Preferably it is 20 to 40 weight%.

  Further, the lyophilic region on the photocatalyst-containing layer is not particularly limited as long as the contact angle with water is smaller than that of the lyophobic region, and the wettability in the lyophilic region is uniform. Or it may be non-uniform.

  In addition, about the thickness of a photocatalyst content layer, since it is the same as that of the wettability change layer described in the said 1st aspect, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

(Ii) When having a photocatalyst treatment layer and a characteristic change layer In this embodiment, the wettability change layer is formed on the photocatalyst treatment layer containing the photocatalyst and the photocatalyst treatment layer, and the wettability is increased by the action of the photocatalyst. It may have a characteristic changing layer that changes. When the wettability changing layer is composed of the photocatalyst processing layer and the characteristic changing layer, even when the photocatalyst is not contained in the above characteristic changing layer, when the energy is irradiated, The part of the characteristic change layer that has been irradiated with energy can be made a lyophilic region, and the part that has not been irradiated with energy can be made a lyophobic region. This is because a region can be formed. Moreover, since the said photocatalyst processing layer is formed between a characteristic change layer and a resin layer, it can suppress that a polarizing layer receives the influence of a photocatalyst with time.

  The material used for such a property change layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a material whose wettability changes due to the action of the photocatalyst associated with energy irradiation and has a main chain that is not easily deteriorated or decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst. It is not something. In addition, since it is the same as that of the wettability change layer described in the said 1st aspect regarding the characteristic change layer, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  The photocatalyst treatment layer is the same as the photocatalyst treatment layer described in the first aspect, and the thickness of the wettability change layer in which the characteristic change layer and the photocatalyst treatment layer are laminated is the same as in the first aspect. Since it is the same as the thickness of the described wettability change layer, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

(3) Method of forming wettability changing layer Next, a method of forming the wettability changing layer used in the present invention will be described. The forming method of the wettability changing layer used in the present invention differs depending on each aspect of the wettability changing layer described above. In the following, description will be made separately for each aspect.

(I) Forming method of wettability changing layer according to first aspect The forming method of the wettability changing layer according to the first aspect of the present invention is a wettability changing layer in which the wettability changes by the action of a photocatalyst on the resin layer. A wettability changing layer forming step of forming
After the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer containing the photocatalyst and the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate having the substrate are arranged with a gap so that the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer are 200 μm or less. And a wettability pattern forming step of irradiating energy in a pattern and forming a wettability pattern in which the wettability is changed so that the contact angle with the liquid is reduced in the wettability changing layer.

In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, first, a wettability changing layer 31 whose wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst is formed on the resin layer 2 (wetting property changing layer forming step). Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the wettability changing layer 31, the photocatalyst processing layer 32 containing the photocatalyst, and the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate 34 having the base 33 are combined with the wettability changing layer 31 and the above. After the photocatalyst processing layer 32 is disposed so as to have a predetermined gap, energy 36 is irradiated through a photomask 35, and the wettability changing layer 31 is contacted with a liquid as shown in FIG. 6C. The lyophilic region 31b whose wettability has been changed so as to decrease is formed, and a wettability pattern composed of the liquid repellent region 31a and the lyophilic region 31b is formed (wetability pattern forming step).
Hereinafter, each process of the formation method of such a wettability change layer is demonstrated.

(Wettability change layer forming process)
In this embodiment, a wettability changing layer forming step is first performed in which a wettability changing layer in which wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst is formed on the resin layer.

  The wettability changing layer used in this embodiment is prepared by dispersing the above-described forming material in a solvent together with other additives as necessary to prepare a wettability changing layer forming coating solution. It can form by apply | coating the coating liquid for resin on a resin layer. As the solvent to be used, alcohol-based organic solvents such as ethanol and isopropanol are preferable. In addition, as a method for applying the wettability changing layer forming coating solution, a general method such as spin coating, spray coating, dip coating, roll coating, bead coating, or the like can be used. Moreover, when the said coating liquid for wettability change layer formation contains an ultraviolet curing component, a wettability change layer can be formed by performing a hardening process by irradiating an ultraviolet-ray.

(Wettability pattern forming process)
In this embodiment, the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer containing the photocatalyst and the photocatalyst processing layer side substrate having the substrate are separated from each other so that the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer are 200 μm or less. Then, a wettability pattern forming step is performed in which energy is applied to the pattern to form a wettability pattern in which the wettability is changed so that the contact angle with the liquid is reduced in the wettability changing layer.

  In this embodiment, the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer are arranged with a predetermined gap so that the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer can act by the photocatalyst. The term “arrangement” as used herein means a state in which the action of the photocatalyst substantially extends over the surface of the wettability changing layer. The photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer are arranged with a gap therebetween.

  In this embodiment, the gap is preferably 200 μm or less. Among them, in consideration of the fact that the pattern accuracy is very good and the photocatalyst sensitivity is high, and therefore the efficiency of wettability change of the wettability changing layer is good, it is particularly within the range of 0.2 μm to 10 μm, preferably 1 μm to It is preferable to be within the range of 5 μm. Such a gap range is particularly effective for a small-area wettability changing layer capable of controlling the gap with high accuracy.

  On the other hand, when the treatment is performed on a wettability changing layer having a large area of, for example, 300 mm × 300 mm or more, there is no contact between the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer with a fine gap as described above. It is extremely difficult to form. Therefore, when the wettability changing layer has a relatively large area, the gap is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 μm, particularly in the range of 50 to 75 μm. By setting the gap within such a range, wetting is further achieved without causing problems such as pattern blurring and pattern deterioration, and photocatalyst sensitivity deteriorates and wettability change efficiency deteriorates. This is because there is an effect that unevenness does not occur in the wettability change on the property change layer.

  Thus, when the wettability changing layer having a relatively large area is irradiated with energy, the setting of the gap in the positioning device between the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer in the energy irradiation device is within a range of 10 μm to 200 μm, In particular, it is preferable to set within a range of 25 μm to 75 μm. By setting the set value within such a range, it is possible to arrange the photocatalyst treatment layer and the wettability changing layer without contact with each other without causing a significant decrease in pattern accuracy or a significant deterioration in the sensitivity of the photocatalyst. This is because it becomes possible.

  Thus, by disposing the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer surface at a predetermined interval, oxygen, water, and active oxygen species generated by the photocatalytic action are easily desorbed. That is, when the interval between the photocatalyst treatment layer and the wettability changing layer is narrower than the above range, it is difficult to desorb the active oxygen species, and as a result, the wettability change rate may be reduced. Is not preferable. In addition, when it is arranged at a distance from the above range, the generated active oxygen species are difficult to reach the wettability changing layer, which is not preferable because the rate of wettability change may be slowed in this case as well. .

  Moreover, as a method of forming such a very narrow gap uniformly and arranging the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer, for example, a method using a spacer can be mentioned. By using the spacer in this way, a uniform gap can be formed, and the portion in contact with the spacer does not reach the surface of the wettability changing layer because the action of the photocatalyst does not reach. A predetermined wettability change pattern can be formed on the wettability change layer by having the same pattern as the wettability change pattern. In addition, by using such a spacer, the active oxygen species generated by the action of the photocatalyst reaches the wettability changing layer surface at a high concentration without diffusing, so that an efficient and fine wettability change pattern can be formed. Can be formed.

  In this embodiment, the arrangement state of the photocatalyst processing layer and the wettability changing layer only needs to be maintained at least during the energy irradiation.

  In this embodiment, the wettability changing layer and the photocatalyst processing layer are arranged with a predetermined gap and the wettability is changed by irradiating energy. Therefore, a polarizing plate that is not affected by the photocatalyst can be produced.

  The energy irradiation referred to in this embodiment is a concept including irradiation of any energy beam capable of changing the wettability of the wettability changing layer by the photocatalyst, and is not limited to visible light irradiation.

  Usually, the wavelength of light used for such energy irradiation is set in the range of 400 nm or less, preferably in the range of 150 nm to 380 nm. This is because, as described above, the preferred photocatalyst used in the wettability changing layer is titanium dioxide, and light having the above-described wavelength is preferable as energy for activating the photocatalytic action by the titanium dioxide.

  Examples of light sources that can be used for such energy irradiation include mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, excimer lamps, and various other light sources.

  In addition to the method of performing pattern irradiation through a photomask using the light source as described above, it is also possible to use a method of drawing and irradiating in a pattern using a laser such as excimer or YAG.

  In addition, the energy irradiation amount at the time of energy irradiation is an irradiation amount necessary for the wettability changing layer surface to change the wettability of the wettability changing layer surface by the action of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst treatment layer.

  Further, in this embodiment, the photocatalyst treatment layer and the wettability changing layer are opposed to each other and energy irradiation is performed. When the photocatalyst treatment layer is formed in a pattern on the substrate, the photocatalyst treatment layer is actually used. Since the wettability of only the formed part changes, the energy irradiation direction is from any direction as long as the photocatalyst treatment layer and the wettability changing layer are irradiated with energy. Irradiation may be performed, and furthermore, the energy to be irradiated has an advantage that it is not particularly limited to parallel light such as parallel light.

(I) Forming Method of Wetting Change Layer of Second Aspect The forming method of the wettability changing layer of the second aspect of the present invention includes a photocatalyst on a resin layer, and the wettability is changed by the action of the photocatalyst. A wettability changing layer forming step for forming a wettability changing layer;
The wettability changing layer includes a wettability pattern forming step of irradiating energy in a pattern to form a wettability pattern in which the wettability is changed so that the contact angle with the liquid is reduced.

In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, first, a wettability changing layer 31 whose wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst is formed on the resin layer 2 (wetting property changing layer forming step). Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, the wettability changing layer 31 is irradiated with energy 36 through the photomask 35, and as shown in FIG. The lyophilic region 31b whose wettability has been changed so as to reduce the contact angle with the liquid is formed, and a wettability pattern composed of the liquid repellent region 31a and the lyophilic region 31b is formed (wetability pattern forming step).
Hereinafter, each process of the formation method of such a wettability change layer is demonstrated.

(Wettability change layer forming process)
In this embodiment, first, a wettability changing layer forming step is performed in which a photocatalyst is contained on the resin layer, and a wettability changing layer in which the wettability is changed by the action of the photocatalyst is formed.

  The wettability changing layer used in this embodiment is prepared by dispersing the above-described forming material in a solvent together with other additives as necessary to prepare a wettability changing layer forming coating solution. It can form by apply | coating the coating liquid for resin on a resin layer.

  In addition, since the solvent and the coating method of the coating liquid for forming the wettability changing layer are the same as those described in the section of the method for forming the wettability changing layer of the first aspect, the explanation here is as follows. Omitted.

(Wettability pattern forming process)
In this embodiment, the wettability changing layer is subjected to a wettability pattern forming step in which energy is applied in a pattern to form a wettability pattern in which the wettability is changed so that the contact angle with the liquid is reduced.

  In addition, since energy irradiation etc. are the same as that of what was described in the term of the formation method of the wettability change layer of the said 1st aspect, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

(4) Others In the present invention, the above-described partition may be provided on the liquid repellent region of the wettability changing layer. This is because color mixing of the dichroic dye used in each polarization region can be prevented.

6). Polarizing plate The thickness of the polarizing plate of the present invention is appropriately selected depending on the use and type of the polarizing plate, but can usually be in the range of 100 μm to 1000 μm.

  In the present invention, it may be a reflective polarizing plate in which a reflective layer made of metal or the like is formed on the substrate, and has a certain degree of transparency to visible light on the substrate. As described above, a transflective polarizing plate on which the reflective layer is formed may be used.

  As such a reflective layer, for example, a highly reflective metal such as aluminum or silver can be formed by, for example, a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, or the like. For example, a reflective polarizing plate is formed. In the case of forming a transflective polarizing plate, the film thickness can usually be in the range of 10 nm to 30 nm. In addition, when the reflective layer made of the metal is formed, a protective layer such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin, or an alkyd resin may be formed to prevent the reflective layer from being deteriorated. preferable. Further, a light diffusion layer or the like may be formed as necessary.

7). Next, the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated.
The method for producing a polarizing plate of the present invention includes a coating step of applying a curable resin composition on a substrate or a substrate for forming a recess having a projection, the substrate and the substrate for forming a recess, and the curable resin. An arrangement step of stacking the compositions on top of each other, a curing step of curing the curable resin composition to form a curable resin, and peeling the substrate for forming the recesses from the curable resin composition or the curable resin. A resin layer forming step of forming a resin layer by performing a recess forming step of forming a recess;
Applying a polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye on the resin layer, orienting the dichroic dye through the recesses of the resin layer, fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye, And a polarizing layer forming step of forming the polarizing layer so that the polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions as described above.

The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated referring drawings. FIG. 8 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing a polarizing plate of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention, first, the curable resin composition 12 is apply | coated on the base material 1 (FIG. 8 (a)), and it has the base material 1 and a convex part. The substrate 14 for forming recesses is overlapped with the curable resin composition 12 interposed therebetween, and the curable resin composition 12 is cured by irradiating energy 15 (FIG. 8B). Furthermore, the resin layer 2 having a recess is formed by peeling the recess forming substrate 14 (FIG. 8C) (FIG. 8D). In this way, the resin layer forming step is performed. Next, a polarizing layer-forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied onto the resin layer 2, and the dichroic dye is oriented by the recesses of the resin layer 2, thereby fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye. Thus, the polarizing layer 3 is formed (FIG. 8E). At this time, the polarizing layer 3 is formed in a pattern so as to have a red polarizing region 3R, a green polarizing region 3G, and a blue polarizing region 3B. In this way, the polarizing layer forming step is performed.
Hereinafter, each process of the manufacturing method of such a polarizing plate is demonstrated.

(1) Resin layer formation process The resin layer formation process in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is a coating process which apply | coats a curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed formation which has a convex part, and said group. A step of stacking the material and the substrate for forming recesses with the curable resin composition sandwiched therebetween, a curing step of curing the curable resin composition into a curable resin, and the curable resin composition or A recess forming step of peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin to form a recess.
Hereinafter, each process of such a resin layer formation process is demonstrated.

(I) Application process In the resin layer formation process in this invention, the application process which apply | coats a curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for concave formation which has a convex part first is performed.
Hereinafter, the method for applying the recess forming substrate and the curable resin composition used in this step will be described.

(Substrate forming substrate)
First, the recess forming substrate used in this step will be described. The substrate for forming recesses used in this step has a protrusion on the surface. Moreover, this convex part is formed so that it may become symmetrical with respect to the concave part of the target resin layer.

  The shape of the convex portion of the concave portion forming substrate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the concave portion of the target resin layer can be formed. In addition, since the width | variety, height, shape, pattern, etc. of a convex part respond | correspond to the recessed part of the resin layer mentioned above, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  Further, the concave portion forming substrate may be a flexible substrate such as a resin film, or may be a non-flexible substrate such as glass. In the present invention, since the recess forming substrate is used repeatedly, a material having a predetermined strength is preferably used. Specific examples include glass, ceramic, metal, and plastic. Such a material is appropriately selected depending on a method for forming a convex portion described later. Furthermore, the said recessed part formation board | substrate is suitably selected with the irradiation method of the energy at the time of hardening the curable resin composition in the hardening process mentioned later. That is, when irradiating energy rays from the concave portion forming substrate side, it is necessary to be a transparent material, but when irradiating energy rays from the base material side, it is not particularly limited to transparent materials. Absent.

  The concave portion forming substrate may be moved by the concave / convex cylindrical drum, and the concave portion forming substrate itself constitutes the concave / convex cylindrical drum, that is, a convex portion is formed on the surface of the concave / convex cylindrical drum. It may be. It is because a recessed part can be continuously replicated on a base material and a manufacturing efficiency improves by passing through a roll to roll process. Moreover, since it is possible to produce a large number of polarizing plates having good polarization characteristics by only once producing an original plate of such a recess formation substrate, the production efficiency can be further improved.

  As a method for forming such a convex portion, for example, a method of patterning glass or a resin film, a method of applying a photosensitive resin layer or the like on the surface of glass or the like, and a method of patterning the photosensitive resin layer, or the like is used. Can do. As the patterning method, a general method can be used, and examples thereof include a photolithography method, a sputtering method, and a mechanical cutting method. Furthermore, an oblique vapor deposition method, a rubbing method, etc. can also be used.

(Coating method of curable resin composition)
In this step, the curable resin composition may be applied on a base material or may be applied on a recess forming substrate. Further, the base material and the recess forming substrate may be fixed with a predetermined gap, and the curable resin composition may be poured and applied between them.

  Examples of the method for applying the curable resin composition include spin coating, roll coating, printing, dip coating, curtain coating (die coating), and the like.

  The film thickness of the applied curable resin composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 30 μm, and more preferably in the range of 0.2 to 10 μm. This is because if the film thickness is too thinner than the above range, the recesses may not be sufficiently replicated in the curable resin composition. On the other hand, if the film thickness is too thick, the polarizing plate produced according to the present invention becomes heavy, and when the substrate is a film, there is a possibility that the coated surface tends to curl easily.

  Moreover, it may apply | coat by the method mentioned above, controlling application quantity so that the said curable resin composition may become a desired film thickness, and after apply | coating, you may remove an excess curable resin composition. Examples of a method for removing excess curable resin composition include a method for removing using a roller, a method for scraping using a doctor, and the like. Moreover, the process of removing such an excessive curable resin composition may be performed after an application | coating process, and may be performed after the arrangement | positioning process mentioned later.

(Ii) Arrangement Step Next, the arrangement step of the resin layer forming step in the present invention will be described. The disposing step in the present invention is a step of overlapping the base material and the concave portion forming substrate with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween.

  The method for arranging the substrate and the recess forming substrate is not particularly limited as long as the applied curable resin composition is arranged so as to be in contact with the substrate and the recess forming substrate. It is preferable to arrange so as to be in close contact with the substrate. This is because the resin layer made of the curable resin obtained by curing the curable resin composition is formed on the substrate, and therefore, the curable resin composition is preferably in close contact with the substrate. Moreover, it is preferable that the said base material and the said board | substrate for recessed part formation are arrange | positioned with a gap | interval so that a curable resin composition may become the target film thickness.

  Moreover, in order to improve the adhesiveness of the said base material and the said curable resin composition, it is preferable to surface-treat to a base material. Specifically, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, UV treatment, saponification treatment, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may form a primer layer on a base material. Further, a primer layer (barrier layer) may be provided for the purpose of protecting the substrate from the curable resin. Examples of such a primer layer include silane-based and titanium-based coupling agents.

(Iii) Curing Step In the resin layer forming step in the present invention, a curing step is performed in which the curable resin composition is cured to form a curable resin.

  Examples of the curing method of the curable resin composition include a method of irradiating energy rays, a method of heating, and the like. In the present invention, a method of irradiating energy rays is preferably used. The energy rays referred to in the present invention indicate energy rays capable of causing polymerization with respect to monomers and polymers contained in the curable resin composition.

  The energy ray is not particularly limited as long as it is an energy ray capable of polymerizing the curable resin composition, but usually ultraviolet light or visible light is used from the viewpoint of the ease of the device, etc. Irradiation light having a wavelength of 150 to 500 nm, preferably 250 to 450 nm, more preferably 300 to 400 nm is used.

  In the present invention, a method of irradiating ultraviolet rays (UV) as energy rays is a preferable method. This is because the method using UV as the actinic radiation is an already established technique, and therefore it is easy to apply to the present invention including the photopolymerization initiator to be used.

  As a light source of this irradiation light, a low pressure mercury lamp (sterilization lamp, fluorescent chemical lamp, black light), a high pressure discharge lamp (high pressure mercury lamp, metal halide lamp), a short arc discharge lamp (super high pressure mercury lamp, xenon lamp, mercury xenon). Lamp). In particular, the use of metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, etc. is recommended. The irradiation intensity is appropriately adjusted according to the composition of the curable resin composition and the amount of photopolymerization initiator.

  Moreover, as a film thickness of curable resin obtained by hardening | curing curable resin composition, it is preferable to exist in the range of 0.1-30 micrometers, especially in the range of 0.2-10 micrometers. The film thickness is too thick because the polarizing plate produced according to the present invention becomes heavy. Moreover, it is because toughness is inferior when a film thickness is too thin.

  In the present invention, the curing step may be performed after the coating step, after the placement step, or during the recess formation step. That is, the curable resin composition is applied on a substrate or a substrate for forming recesses and then cured (after the application step, the first aspect), and the substrate and the substrate for forming recesses are stacked with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween. In either case of curing after placing together (second mode after placement step) or curing after peeling the substrate for forming recesses from the curable resin composition (third mode during the recess forming step) It may be done at. Hereinafter, each aspect will be described.

(First aspect)
In this invention, the 1st aspect of a hardening process apply | coats a curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed formation, irradiates energy, hardens the said curable resin composition, and is obtained by hardening. A base material and a concave portion forming substrate are arranged so as to overlap each other with the curable resin sandwiched therebetween, and the concave portion forming substrate is peeled from the curable resin to form a concave portion.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy rays for curing the curable resin composition may be from the substrate or the concave portion forming substrate side or from the curable resin composition side. However, when a curable resin composition is applied onto a substrate or a substrate for forming recesses and irradiated from the substrate or substrate for forming recesses, the substrate or substrate for forming recesses needs to be a transparent material.

  In addition, when the curable resin composition is applied and cured on the base material, the concave portion forming substrate is placed on the surface of the curable resin obtained by curing, and the concave portion is duplicated. The curable resin needs to have a predetermined viscosity. Therefore, it is preferable not to completely cure the curable resin composition, and after the recess forming substrate is disposed on the surface of the curable resin, or after the recess forming substrate is peeled from the curable resin, it may be cured again. Good.

(Second aspect)
In the present invention, in the second aspect of the curing step, the curable resin composition is applied onto a substrate or a recess forming substrate, and the substrate and the recess forming substrate are overlapped with the curable resin composition interposed therebetween. The curable resin composition is cured by irradiating with energy, and the substrate for forming recesses is peeled from the curable resin obtained by curing to form the recesses.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy rays for curing the curable resin composition may be from the concave portion forming substrate side or from the base material side. However, when it irradiates from the base material side, it needs to be a base material transparent material, and when it irradiates from the recessed part formation board | substrate side, the recessed part formation board | substrate needs to be a transparent material.

(Third aspect)
In this invention, the 3rd aspect of a hardening process apply | coats curable resin composition on the base material or the board | substrate for recessed part formation, and laminate | stacks the base material and the board | substrate for recessed part formation on both sides of the said curable resin composition. And disposing the substrate for forming recesses from the curable resin composition, irradiating energy to cure the curable resin composition, and forming recesses.

  At this time, the irradiation direction of the energy ray for curing the curable resin composition may be from the curable resin composition side or from the substrate side. However, when irradiating from the base material side, the base material needs to be a transparent material.

  In addition, since the curable resin composition is cured after peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition, the curable resin composition needs to maintain the recess even after peeling the recess forming substrate. There is. Therefore, the curable resin composition may have a semi-cured state in advance before peeling the recess forming substrate from the curable resin composition so that the curable resin composition has a predetermined viscosity.

(Iv) Concave formation process In the resin layer formation process in this invention, the concavity formation process which peels the said board | substrate for recessed part formation from the said curable resin composition or the said curable resin, and forms a recessed part is performed.

  As a method of peeling the concave portion forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin, the curable resin composition or the curable resin is peeled off from the concave portion forming substrate and is in close contact with the base material, and the concave portion is formed. If it is formed, it will not specifically limit.

  Further, in the present invention, the recess forming substrate is moved by the concave and convex cylindrical drum, and the base material is moved by the base cylindrical drum, and the curable resin composition or the curable resin is moved on the two cylindrical drums. By overlapping the base material and the concave portion forming substrate across the substrate, peeling the concave portion forming substrate from the curable resin composition or the curable resin, and continuously replicating the concave portion on the base material, A resin layer having a recess may be formed. Furthermore, the concave-convex forming substrate may be a concave-convex cylindrical drum. This is because by passing through the roll-to-roll process, the concave portions can be continuously replicated on the base material, and the production efficiency is improved. Moreover, it is because a polarizing plate with a good polarization characteristic can be manufactured in large quantities only by once producing the original plate of such a recess forming substrate.

(2) Polarizing layer formation process Next, the polarizing layer formation process in the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention is demonstrated.
In the polarizing layer forming step of the polarizing plate production method of the present invention, a polarizing layer forming coating solution containing a dichroic dye is applied on the resin layer, and the dichroic dye is applied by the recesses of the resin layer. In this step, the alignment state of the dichroic dye is fixed, and the polarizing region is formed in a pattern so that the polarizing layer has a plurality of polarizing regions as described above.

  The solvent used in the polarizing layer forming coating solution is appropriately selected depending on the substituent introduced into the dichroic dye. For example, when a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group is introduced, water is used as the solvent. On the other hand, when a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group is introduced, an organic solvent is used. A common thing can be used as such an organic solvent. Moreover, the said polarizing layer forming coating liquid may contain various additives, such as surfactant, such as polyethyleneglycol, as needed. Among the above, in the present invention, the polarizing layer forming coating solution is preferably aqueous. This is because as the dichroic dye used in the present invention, a dichroic dye that forms a column structure, has a hydrophilic group, and exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution is preferably used.

  As a method for applying such a coating solution for forming a polarizing layer, the above-mentioned dichroic dye can be oriented by the concave portion of the resin layer, and the polarizing layer is formed in the pattern of the target polarizing region. Although it will not specifically limit if it is a method which can apply | coat the coating liquid for coating, Especially, it is preferable that it is a method in which a shear stress is not added. This is because if a method that requires a shear stress is used, the dichroic dye is oriented in the coating direction and may be difficult to orient due to the concave portions of the resin layer. Moreover, the said coating method is suitably selected by the presence or absence of the partition mentioned above, and the presence or absence of a wettability change layer.

  For example, when the partition 16 is formed between the polarizing regions 3R, 3G, and 3B of the polarizing layer as shown in FIG. 5, the application method of the coating liquid for forming the polarizing layer is preferably a discharge method. . This is because in the discharging method, the polarizing layer forming coating solution can be applied onto the resin layer separated by the partition walls. Examples of such a discharge method include an ink jet method.

  For example, when the wettability changing layer 31 is formed between the polarizing layers 3R, 3B, and 3G and the resin layer 2 as shown in FIG. 6D, as a method for applying the polarizing layer forming coating liquid, Is not particularly limited as long as it is a method that can be applied to the surface of the wettability changing layer and can be applied only on the lyophilic region of the wettability changing layer. . For example, it may be a method of applying to the entire wettability changing layer such as spray coating or dip coating, or a method of applying a polarizing layer forming coating solution in a desired pattern like a discharge method. May be. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a discharge method. This is because a high-definition pattern can be formed using a pattern due to the difference in wettability on the wettability changing layer. Of the discharge methods, an inkjet method is preferable.

  Moreover, when forming the polarizing layer in this invention, after apply | coating the said coating liquid for polarizing layer formation, the solvent contained in the coating liquid for polarizing layer formation is dried. As a method for drying the solvent, a method generally used for solvent drying, for example, heat drying, room temperature drying, freeze drying, far-infrared drying, or the like can be used.

  Further, after the polarizing layer forming coating liquid is dried, the polarizing layer can be formed by fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye. As a method for fixing the orientation state of the dichroic dye, a method of crosslinking the dichroic dye can be used. The crosslinking method of the dichroic dye differs depending on the substituent introduced into the dichroic dye.

  When the dichroic dye has a hydrophilic group such as a sulfonic acid group, a crosslinking method for hydrophobizing the hydrophilic group is used. When the hydrophilic group of the dichroic dye is hydrophobized, a cross-link is formed between adjacent dichroic dyes, and the orientation state of the dichroic dye is fixed. When the above dichroic dye exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in an aqueous solution, the water resistance is poor and the alignment state is easily disturbed due to moisture in the air and the like unless the hydrophobic treatment is performed. It may become.

  The hydrophobizing treatment liquid used for the hydrophobizing treatment is not particularly limited as long as the hydrophilic group can be hydrophobized, and is different depending on the hydrophilic group of the dichroic dye used. However, it is preferable that a bridge can be formed between adjacent dichroic dyes. For example, an aqueous solution of a divalent metal salt can be used. Examples of the divalent metal include magnesium, calcium, barium and the like. Specifically, an aqueous barium chloride solution, an aqueous magnesium chloride solution, an aqueous calcium chloride solution, or the like can be used.

The mechanism by which adjacent dichroic dyes are crosslinked is as follows. For example, when the dichroic dye has an SO ₃ Na group and is hydrophobized using an aqueous barium chloride solution, the SO ₃ ion of the SO ₃ Na group of the dichroic dye and Ba in the aqueous barium chloride solution By bonding with ions, adjacent dichroic dyes are cross-linked, so that the column structure is fixed.

  Further, the hydrophobizing treatment method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of hydrophobizing the hydrophilic substituent. After the polarizing layer forming coating liquid is dried, the hydrophobizing treatment is performed. Examples thereof include a method of applying a liquid and a method of immersing in the hydrophobizing treatment liquid. After application or immersion of the hydrophobizing treatment liquid, a polarizing layer can be obtained by washing and drying.

  On the other hand, when the dichroic dye has a hydrophobic group such as a long-chain alkyl group, for example, a polymerizable group is introduced into the core part of the dichroic dye or a part of the alkyl side chain. A crosslinking method is used in which the dichroic dye is crosslinked in a linear or network form by polymerizing the polymer to fix the alignment state.

  Further, when the polarizing layer forming coating liquid contains the liquid crystal material described above, the alignment state of the dichroic dye can be fixed by polymerizing the liquid crystal material. In this case, the liquid crystal material needs to have a polymerizable group.

  The polarizing layer used in the present invention has a plurality of polarizing regions as described above. In order to form the plurality of polarizing regions, the above-described polarizing layer forming step may be repeated for the number of polarizing regions of the polarizing layer.

  Further, when a wettability changing layer is formed between the resin layer and the polarizing layer, and a method of applying the entire surface of the wettability changing layer as a coating method of the polarizing layer forming coating liquid, for example, In order to form the polarizing layer so as to have a red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region, first, a polarizing layer forming coating solution is made by making only the wettability changing layer surface on which the red polarizing region is formed lyophilic. After coating, as described above, the solvent in the polarizing layer forming coating solution is dried and the dichroic dye is fixed to form a red polarizing region. Next, the green polarization region is formed in the same manner as the formation of the red polarization region, and finally the blue polarization region is formed. Thus, when using the method of applying to the entire surface of the wettability changing layer as the application method of the coating liquid for forming the polarizing layer, the above-described wettability changing pattern forming step is performed by the number of the polarizing regions of the polarizing layer. And the polarizing layer forming step may be repeated.

B. Next, the substrate for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
The substrate for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention has the polarizing plate described above and a color filter layer, and the color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, and at least one of the plurality of colored regions. The colored region exhibits spectral transmittance characteristics different from those of other colored regions, and the polarizing region of the polarizing layer exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region formed on the polarizing region. It is characterized by this.

  The substrate for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the substrate for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the substrate 21 for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a base material 1, a resin layer 2 formed on the base material 1, and a polarizing layer 3 (3R formed on the resin layer 2). 3G, 3B) and a color filter layer 4 (4R, 4G, 4B) formed on the polarizing layer 3 of the polarizing plate 11.

  The polarizing layer 3 has a red polarizing region 3R, a green polarizing region 3G, and a blue polarizing region 3B, and the color filter layer has a red coloring region 4R, a green coloring region 4G, and a blue coloring region 4B. Yes. The red polarization region 3R exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the red coloring region 4R formed on the red polarization region 3R, and the green polarization region 3G has a spectral polarization characteristic with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the green coloring region 4G. The blue polarization region 3B exhibits the spectral polarization property with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the blue colored region 4B.

  According to the present invention, each polarizing region of the polarizing layer exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region of the color filter layer formed on the respective polarizing region. As compared to the case where a polarizing layer is formed by mixing a plurality of dichroic dyes as in the past, the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced. Light transmittance can be improved. In addition, when each polarization region is formed using, for example, a single dichroic dye, the orientation of the dichroic dye is improved as compared with the case where a plurality of conventional dichroic dyes are mixed. Therefore, there is an advantage that the polarization characteristics can be improved.

Here, the polarization region of the polarization layer exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region formed on the polarization region. For example, in FIG. 9, the red polarization region 3R is the red color region 4R. It means that the spectral polarization characteristic is exhibited with respect to the transmission wavelength region, that is, the spectral polarization property is exhibited with respect to the red wavelength region. In this case, the red polarization region only needs to exhibit spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the red wavelength region, and may exhibit spectral polarization properties with respect to the green or blue wavelength regions, for example.
Hereinafter, each configuration of the liquid crystal display element substrate will be described. In addition, since it is the same as that of what was described in the term of the above-mentioned "A. polarizing plate" about a base material, a resin layer, and a polarizing layer, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

1. Color filter layer The color filter layer used in the present invention has a plurality of colored regions. In addition, at least one of the plurality of colored regions exhibits spectral transmittance characteristics different from those of the other colored regions.

  In the present invention, the color filter layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a plurality of colored regions and at least one of the plurality of colored regions exhibits a spectral transmittance characteristic different from that of other colored regions. However, among these, as shown in FIG. 9, it is preferable to have three types of colored regions, a red colored region 4R, a green colored region 4G, and a blue colored region 4B. Thereby, the substrate for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be used for a liquid crystal display element capable of color display, for example.

  When the color filter layer has a red colored region, a green colored region, and a blue colored region, the material used for the red colored region may be any material that has a maximum transmission wavelength region within the red wavelength region. Although not particularly limited, those having a center wavelength in the vicinity of 600 nm are preferable. The material used for the green colored region is not particularly limited as long as the maximum transmission wavelength region is in the green wavelength region, but a material having a center wavelength in the vicinity of 550 nm is preferable. The material used for the blue colored region is not particularly limited as long as the maximum transmission wavelength region is in the blue wavelength region, but a material having a central wavelength in the vicinity of 450 nm is preferable. As a material used for each colored region, a general color filter layer material can be used.

  The formation position of such a color filter layer is not particularly limited as long as it is formed on the side where the resin layer of the base material is formed. For example, as shown in FIG. Color filter layers 4R, 4G, and 4B may be formed on the polarizing layer 3, and color filter layers 4R, 4G, and 4B are formed between the substrate 1 and the resin layer 2 as shown in FIG. May be.

C. Next, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described.
The liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be divided into two embodiments depending on the arrangement of the polarizing layer and the color filter layer. Each embodiment will be described below.

1. First Embodiment A first embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal display substrate described above. According to this embodiment, since the liquid crystal display element includes the liquid crystal display element substrate described above, a liquid crystal display element having high light transmittance can be obtained.

  The liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal display element substrate described above is used.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment includes a base material 1a, a resin layer 2 formed on the base material 1a, and a polarizing layer 3a (3R, 3G formed on the resin layer 2). 3B), and a liquid crystal display element plate 21 having a color filter layer 4 (4R, 4G, 4B) formed on the polarizing layer 3a, and a first electrode formed on the liquid crystal display element plate 21 A first substrate 41a having a layer 5a and a first alignment film 6a formed on the first electrode layer 5a; a base material 1b; a polarizing layer 3b formed on the base material 1b; A second substrate 41b having a second electrode layer 5b formed on the polarizing layer 3b and a second alignment film 6b formed on the second electrode layer 5b; Liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates 41b to form a liquid crystal layer 7. It may be.

  In such a liquid crystal display element, since the first substrate includes the above-described liquid crystal display element substrate, as described above, the thickness of the polarizing layer on the first substrate side can be reduced. A good polarizing layer can be obtained, and a liquid crystal display element having high light transmittance can be obtained.

  In FIG. 11, the second substrate 41b includes the base material 1b, the polarizing layer 3b, the second electrode layer 5b, and the second alignment film 6b. However, in this embodiment, the second substrate 41b is limited to such a configuration. For example, the second substrate has a base material, a second electrode layer, and a second alignment film, and a polarizing plate is attached to the side of the base material on which the second alignment film or the like is not formed. It may be. At this time, as a polarizing plate to be used, a polarizing plate of a general liquid crystal display element can be used.

  Moreover, even if the 2nd board | substrate has a base material, a 2nd electrode layer, and a 2nd alignment film, and the reflecting plate was affixed on the side in which the 2nd alignment film etc. of the base material are not formed. It may have a substrate, a reflective layer, a second electrode layer, and a second alignment film. Such a liquid crystal display element is a reflective liquid crystal display element. At this time, as the reflection plate or the reflection layer to be used, those generally used for liquid crystal display elements can be used.

  In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, for example, a TN mode, STN mode, VA mode, ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) mode, antiferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC) mode, IPS mode, or the like can be used.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment includes a base material 1a, a resin layer 2a formed on the base material 1a, and a polarizing layer 3a (3R formed on the resin layer 2a). 3G, 3B), and the liquid crystal display element plate 21 having the color filter layer 4 (4R, 4G, 4B) formed on the polarizing layer 3a, and the liquid crystal display element plate 21 formed on the liquid crystal display element plate 21. A first substrate 41a having one electrode layer 5a and a first alignment film 6a formed on the first electrode layer 5a; a base material 1b; a resin layer 2b formed on the base material 1b; A polarizing plate 11 having a polarizing layer 3b formed on the resin layer 2b, a second electrode layer 5b formed on the polarizing plate 11, and a second alignment film formed on the second electrode layer 5b 6b and the second substrate 41b having the first substrate 41. And is between the second substrate 41b may be one in which the liquid crystal layer 7 a liquid crystal is sandwiched are configured.

  In this case, in the first substrate 41a and the second substrate 41b, the red polarizing region 3R of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 41a and the red polarizing region 3R of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 41b face each other. The green polarization regions 3G face each other and the blue polarization regions 3B face each other. That is, for example, the red polarization region 3R of the polarization layer 3b of the second substrate 41b has a spectral polarization characteristic with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the red coloring region 4R of the color filter layer 4 of the first substrate 41a facing the red polarization region 3R. It shows.

  In FIG. 12, for example, in the case of a TN mode liquid crystal display element, when light is incident from the second substrate 41b side in a voltage non-applied state, first, the red polarization region 3R of the polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 41b is transmitted. Light absorbs specific polarization in a specific wavelength region of red. The light transmitted through the red polarizing region 3R is transmitted through the red colored region 4R of the color filter layer 4 of the first substrate 41a by twisting the polarization direction of the light by 90 ° when transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 7. Since light outside the specific wavelength region is absorbed, only the specific polarized light in the specific wavelength region of red transmits through the red colored region 4R. Further, since the specific polarized light in the specific wavelength region of red is transmitted through the red polarizing region 3R of the polarizing layer 3a, red light can be observed. On the other hand, in the voltage application state, the polarization direction of the light does not change when passing through the liquid crystal layer 7, so that black display is obtained.

In such a liquid crystal display element, since the first substrate has the above-described liquid crystal display element substrate, and the second substrate has the above-described polarizing plate, as described above, the first substrate and the second substrate Any polarizing layer of the substrate has good polarization characteristics, and the thickness of the polarizing layer can be reduced, so that a liquid crystal display element having high light transmittance can be obtained.
Hereinafter, each configuration of such a liquid crystal display element will be described.

  The first substrate used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the above-described liquid crystal display element substrate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film are laminated. For example, the substrate, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, the color filter layer, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film may be laminated in this order, and the substrate, the color filter layer, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, The first electrode layer and the first alignment film may be stacked in this order, and the base material, the first electrode layer, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, the color filter layer, and the first alignment film are stacked in this order. It may be a thing, and the base material, the 1st electrode layer, the color filter layer, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, and the 1st orientation film may be laminated in order.

  The first electrode layer used for the first substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as an electrode layer of a liquid crystal display element. For example, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO) and the like.

  Further, the first alignment film used for the first substrate is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal can be aligned. For example, a film subjected to rubbing treatment, photo-alignment treatment, or the like can be used. .

  Further, the second substrate used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the above-described polarizing plate, the second electrode layer, and the second alignment film are laminated. For example, the substrate, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, the second electrode layer, and the second alignment film may be laminated in this order. The substrate, the second electrode layer, the resin layer, the polarizing layer, and the second alignment It may be laminated in the order of the film.

  Further, the second electrode layer and the second alignment film used for the second substrate are the same as the first electrode layer and the second alignment film of the first substrate, respectively.

  The polarizing plate is the same as that described in “A. Polarizing plate”, and the liquid crystal display element substrate is the same as that described in “B. Liquid crystal display element substrate”. Since there is, explanation here is omitted.

  The liquid crystal layer used in this embodiment may be any liquid crystal layer that is generally composed of liquid crystals used in liquid crystal display elements.

2. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention will be described. A second embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a first substrate having the polarizing plate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, a second substrate, and the second substrate. A second substrate having a second polarizing layer, a color filter layer, a second electrode layer and a second alignment film formed on the first substrate, the first alignment film of the first substrate, and the second alignment film of the second substrate; Are arranged so as to face each other, and a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, and at least one of the plurality of colored regions exhibits a spectral transmittance characteristic different from that of the other colored regions, and the polarizing layer of the first substrate The polarizing region exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to a transmission wavelength region of a colored region of the color filter layer of the second substrate facing the polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate.

  The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment includes a base material 1a, a resin layer 2 formed on the base material 1a, and a polarizing plate 3a formed on the resin layer 2. 11, a first substrate 41a having a first electrode layer 5a formed on the polarizing layer 3a of the polarizing plate 11, a first alignment film 6a formed on the first electrode layer 5a, and a first substrate 41a, Two base materials 1b, a second polarizing layer 3b formed on the second base material 1b, a color filter layer 4 formed on the second polarizing layer 3b, and formed on the color filter layer 4. A second substrate 41b having a second electrode layer 5b and a second alignment film 6b formed on the second electrode layer 5b is provided, and liquid crystal is interposed between the first substrate 41a and the second substrate 41b. A liquid crystal layer 7 is formed by being sandwiched.

  The color filter layer 4 of the second substrate 41b has a red colored region 4R, a green colored region 4G, and a blue colored region 4B, and the first substrate 41a and the second substrate 41b are the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 41a. The red polarization region 3R of the second substrate 41b faces the red coloring region 4R of the color filter layer 4 of the second substrate 41b, the green polarization region 3G and the green coloring region 4G face each other, the blue polarization region 3G and the blue coloring region 4G, Are arranged to face each other. That is, for example, the red polarizing region 3R of the polarizing layer 3a of the first substrate 41a has a spectral polarization characteristic with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the red colored region 4R of the color filter layer 4 of the second substrate 41b facing the red polarizing region 3R. It shows.

  In FIG. 13, for example, in the case of a TN mode liquid crystal display element, when light is incident from the second substrate 41b side in a voltage non-applied state, first, the light transmitted through the second polarizing layer 3b of the second substrate 41b is specified. Absorbs polarized light. The light transmitted through the polarizing layer 3b is transmitted through the red colored region 4R of the color filter layer 4 of the first substrate 41a by twisting the polarization direction of the light by 90 ° when transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 7. Therefore, only the specific polarized light in the specific wavelength region of red transmits through the red colored region 4R. Further, since the specific polarized light in the specific wavelength region of red is transmitted through the red polarizing region 3R of the polarizing layer 3a, red light can be observed. On the other hand, in the voltage application state, the polarization direction of the light does not change when passing through the liquid crystal layer 7, so that black display is obtained.

  In such a liquid crystal display element, since the first substrate has the polarizing plate described above, the polarizing layer of the first substrate has good polarization characteristics and the thickness of the polarizing layer is reduced as described above. Therefore, a liquid crystal display element with high light transmittance can be obtained.

  In FIG. 13, the second substrate 41b includes the second base material 1b, the second polarizing layer 3b, the color filter layer 4, the second electrode layer 5b, and the second alignment film 6b. The embodiment is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the second substrate has a second base material, a color filter layer, a second electrode layer, and a second alignment film, and the second base material. A polarizing plate may be attached to the side where the alignment film or the like is not formed. At this time, a polarizing plate of a general liquid crystal display element can be used as the polarizing plate to be used.

  Note that the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, the first alignment film, the second alignment film, the liquid crystal layer, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof is omitted here.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
[Example 1]
(Formation of resin layer)
A well-cleaned glass substrate with an ITO electrode was coated with an ultraviolet curable acrylate resin composition having the following composition, and a recess-forming substrate on which irregularities were formed by an electron beam drawing method was placed, and 100 kg / cm ² Was applied for 1 minute. In this state, the ultraviolet light irradiating 100 mJ / cm ^2, further after peeling the recess-forming substrate, the ultraviolet light 3000 mJ / cm ² was irradiated, width 0.2 [mu] m, pitch 0.4 .mu.m, a depth of 0.2 [mu] m A stripe-shaped recess pattern was formed to form a resin layer.

<Ultraviolet curable acrylate resin composition>
・ Goserac UV-7500B (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by weight ・ 1,6-hexanediol acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 35 parts by weight ・ Pentaerythritol acrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 21 parts by weight -Hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 2 parts by weight-Benzophenone (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by weight

(Formation of partition walls)
On the concave pattern of the resin layer, a photosensitive resin (NN780, manufactured by JSR Corporation) was spin-coated at 2000 rpm for 10 seconds, vacuum-dried, and dried on a hot plate at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes. Thereafter, patterning was performed in a stripe shape having a width of 10 μm at intervals of 100 μm by photolithography, and baked at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereby, a partition wall having a height of 0.3 μm was formed. The surface was hydrophilized by adding a plasma treatment thereto.

(Formation of polarizing layer)
As the dichroic dye, the following compound (1) for forming a red polarizing region, the following compound (2) for forming a green polarizing region, and the following compound (3) for forming a blue polarizing region, (4) was used.

  On the concave pattern of the resin layer and between the partition walls, a 10.0% by weight aqueous solution of the compound (1), a 12.0% by weight aqueous solution of the compound (2), and the compound (3) and the compound A 10% by weight aqueous solution having a weight ratio of 1: 1 with (4) was applied every three lines using an inkjet method, dried, and then immersed in a 15% aqueous barium chloride solution for about 1 second. Furthermore, it washed and dried again, and the polarizing layer patterned so that it might become three types of polarizing regions of a 0.2 micrometer-thick red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region was formed. This obtained the polarizing plate.

(Measurement of degree of polarization)
<Degree of polarization in the red polarization region>
The polarizing plate and a commercially available polarizing plate (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation, product name SEG1425DU) are overlapped so that their absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and further a bandpass filter having a center wavelength of 600 nm and a half width of 20 nm is overlapped, When the transmittance (excluding the bandpass filter) of the red polarizing region was measured using an optical microscope and a photodiode, it was 0.35%. When the absorption axis of the polarizing plate and the absorption axis of a commercially available polarizing plate were overlapped and measured for transmittance in the same manner as above, it was 35.2% and the degree of polarization was 98.3%. there were. The degree of polarization was measured in the same manner as described above using a filter with a center wavelength of 550 nm and a half-value width of 20 nm as a bandpass filter to be superimposed, and it was 71.5%. Further, the degree of polarization when a band pass filter having a center wavelength of 450 nm and a half width of 20 nm was superimposed was 6.2%.

<Degree of polarization in the green polarization region>
In the same manner as the method for measuring the degree of polarization in the red polarization region, the degree of polarization in each wavelength region was measured in combination with three types of bandpass filters. %, 52.2%.

<Degree of polarization of blue polarization region>
In the same manner as the method for measuring the degree of polarization in the red polarization region, the degree of polarization in each wavelength region was measured in combination with three types of bandpass filters. As a result, 44.1% and 92.6 from the longer wavelength, respectively. %, 96.8%.

[Example 2]
(Formation of resin layer)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a stripe-shaped concave pattern having a width of 0.2 μm, a pitch of 0.4 μm, and a depth of 0.2 μm was formed, and a resin layer was formed.

(Formation of wettability change layer)
3 g of isopropyl alcohol, 0.4 g of organosilane (manufactured by Toshiba Silicone, TSL8113), 0.04 g of fluoroalkylsilane (manufactured by Tochem Products, MF-160E), and a photocatalyst inorganic coating agent (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., ST-K01) ) 1.5 g was mixed and heated at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes with stirring.
This solution is applied onto the concave pattern of the resin layer by spin coating, and dried at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes to promote hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction, and the photocatalyst is firmly fixed in the organopolysiloxane. A wettability changing layer having a thickness of 0.05 μm was formed.
Next, a negative type photomask pattern surface is overlapped on this wettability changing layer, and UV exposure is performed from the photomask side with a mercury lamp (wavelength 365 nm) at an illuminance of 300 mW / cm ² for 900 seconds. A wettability change pattern was formed in which lyophilic regions and 10 μm-wide lyophobic regions were alternately arranged in stripes.

(Formation of polarizing layer)
On the lyophilic region of the wettability changing layer, a 10.0% by weight aqueous solution of the compound (1) used in Example 1, a 12.0% by weight aqueous solution of the compound (2), and the compound (3 ) And a compound (4) in a weight ratio of 1: 1, a 10% by weight aqueous solution is applied every 3 lines using an inkjet method, dried, and then immersed in a 15% aqueous barium chloride solution for about 1 second. I let you. Furthermore, it washed and dried again, and the polarizing layer patterned so that it might become three types of polarizing regions of a 0.2 micrometer-thick red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region was formed. This obtained the polarizing plate.

(Measurement of degree of polarization)
When the degree of polarization was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the polarizing plate exhibited polarization characteristics in each color polarization region of the red polarization region, the green polarization region, and the blue polarization region.

[Example 3]
(Formation of resin layer)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a stripe-shaped concave pattern having a width of 0.2 μm, a pitch of 0.4 μm, and a depth of 0.2 μm was formed, and a resin layer was formed.

(Formation of wettability change layer)
3 g of isopropyl alcohol, 0.4 g of organosilane (manufactured by Toshiba Silicone, TSL8113), and 0.04 g of fluoroalkylsilane (manufactured by Tochem Products, MF-160E) are mixed and heated at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes with stirring. did. This solution is applied on the concave pattern of the resin layer by spin coating, and dried at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes to advance hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction. Thus, a wettability changing layer having a thickness of 0.05 μm is formed. Formed.

  Further, 5 g of trimethoxysilane (manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., TSR8113) and 2.5 g of 0.5N hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred for 8 hours. This was diluted 10 times with isopropyl alcohol to obtain a primer layer forming coating solution. This primer layer forming coating solution was applied onto the negative photomask pattern surface by a spin coat method and dried at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a photomask having a primer layer.

  Furthermore, 30 g of isopropyl alcohol, 3 g of trimethoxymethylsilane (manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., TSR8113) and 20 g of a photocatalytic inorganic coating agent (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., ST-K03) were mixed and stirred at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes. This was diluted 3 times with isopropyl alcohol to obtain a coating solution for forming a photocatalyst treatment layer. The photocatalyst treatment layer-forming coating liquid is applied onto the photomask having the primer layer by spin coating, and dried at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes, whereby the photocatalyst treatment layer side having a transparent photocatalyst treatment layer is used. A substrate was formed.

A photocatalyst treatment layer of the photocatalyst treatment layer side substrate, and the wettability variable layer disposed at intervals of 10 [mu] m, 900 seconds UV from the photocatalyst treatment layer side substrate side by a mercury lamp (wavelength 365 nm) at an intensity of 300 mW / cm ² Exposure was performed to form a wettability change pattern in which 90 μm-wide lyophilic regions and 10 μm-wide lyophobic regions were alternately arranged in stripes.

(Formation of polarizing layer)
In the same manner as in Example 2, a polarizing layer patterned to have three types of polarizing regions of a red polarizing region, a green polarizing region, and a blue polarizing region having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed. This obtained the polarizing plate.

(Measurement of degree of polarization)
When the degree of polarization was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the polarizing plate exhibited polarization characteristics in each color polarization region of the red polarization region, the green polarization region, and the blue polarization region.

[Example 4]
(Preparation of substrates for liquid crystal display elements)
Using the polarizing plate of Example 1, on the polarizing layer of this polarizing plate, a photosensitive resin (manufactured by JSR Corporation, NN780) was spin-coated at 2000 rpm for 10 seconds, vacuum-dried, and at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes. After pre-baking, 100 mJ / cm ² of ultraviolet light exposure was performed, and post-baking was performed at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a 1 μm thick transparent protective layer.

  On this transparent protective layer, a black matrix was formed by a photolithographic method at the boundary between the polarizing regions. In addition, a red colored region, a green colored region, and a blue colored region were formed on the corresponding polarizing regions to form a color filter layer. Further, an ITO transparent electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed on the color filter layer by a sputtering method, an alignment film was formed on the ITO transparent electrode, and an alignment treatment was performed to produce a liquid crystal display element substrate.

(Preparation of counter substrate)
Using the polarizing plate of Example 1, a transparent protective layer having a thickness of 1 μm was formed on the polarizing layer of this polarizing plate in the same manner as described above. Further, an ITO transparent electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed on the transparent protective layer by a sputtering method, an alignment film was formed on the ITO transparent electrode, and an alignment treatment was performed to produce a counter substrate.

(Production of liquid crystal display element)
A 1.5 μm diameter bead spacer is dispersed on the alignment film of the liquid crystal display element substrate, a sealing material is applied around the alignment film of the counter substrate, and the alignment directions of the alignment films of the two substrates are parallel to each other. 2 so that the alignment films face each other, and the red polarization regions, the green polarization regions, and the blue polarization regions of the two substrates face each other, and the absorption axes of the respective polarization regions that face each other are orthogonal to each other. A single substrate was placed and bonded together. Thermocompression bonding was performed at 150 ° C. for about 1 hour to prepare a test cell. When a ferroelectric liquid crystal (R2301 manufactured by Clariant Co., Ltd.) was injected into this test cell under a temperature condition of about 100 ° C. and slowly cooled, uniform monodomain alignment was obtained, and a red polarizing region, a green polarizing region and a blue polarizing region were obtained. There was no transmission of light in all polarization regions of the polarization region.

  Furthermore, when + 5V and -5V rectangular voltages were applied between the electrodes of the liquid crystal display element substrate and the counter substrate at a frequency of 180 Hz and observed under a microscope using a white light source, red light was transmitted in the red polarization region. It was observed. In addition, it was observed that green light was transmitted in the green polarized region, and blue light was transmitted in the blue polarized region.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the resin layer used for the polarizing plate of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the dichroic dye used for the polarizing plate of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the dichroic dye used for the polarizing plate of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is process drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is process drawing which shows the other example of the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is process drawing which shows the other example of the manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the board | substrate for liquid crystal display elements of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the board | substrate for liquid crystal display elements of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the liquid crystal display element of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the liquid crystal display element of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the liquid crystal display element of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b ... Base material 2, 2a, 2b ... Resin layer 3, 3a, 3b, 3R, 3G, 3B ... Polarizing layer 4, 4R, 4G, 4B ... Color filter layer 5a ... First electrode layer 5b ... First Two electrode layers 6a ... 1st alignment film 6b ... 2nd alignment film 7 ... Liquid crystal layer 11 ... Polarizing plate 13 ... Dichroic dye 13 '... Column structure 16 ... Partition 21 ... Liquid crystal display element substrate 31 ... Wetting change layer 31a: Liquid repellent area 31b: Lipophilic area n: Normal direction

Claims (11)

A polarizing plate having a base material, a resin layer formed on the base material and having a patterned concave or convex portion, and a polarizing layer formed on the resin layer and containing a dichroic dye, ,
The polarizing plate has a plurality of polarizing regions, and at least one of the plurality of polarizing regions exhibits a spectral polarization characteristic different from that of other polarizing regions.   2. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye forms a column structure, and the column structure is oriented along a concave portion of the resin layer.   The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye exhibits a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in a solution.   The polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a partition wall is formed between the plurality of polarizing regions.   Between the resin layer and the polarizing layer, a wettability changing layer whose wettability is changed by the action of a photocatalyst is formed, and the wettability changing layer is more liquid than the liquid repellent region and the liquid repellent region. 5. The lyophilic region having a small contact angle with the lyophilic region, and the polarizing layer is formed only on the lyophilic region. The polarizing plate according to claim 1. A polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and a liquid crystal display element substrate having a color filter layer,
The color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, at least one of the plurality of colored regions exhibits a spectral transmittance characteristic different from other colored regions, and the polarizing region of the polarizing layer is: A substrate for a liquid crystal display element, which exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to a transmission wavelength region of the colored region formed on the polarizing region.   The substrate for a liquid crystal display element according to claim 6, wherein the color filter layer has three kinds of colored regions of a red colored region, a green colored region, and a blue colored region.   A liquid crystal display element comprising the liquid crystal display substrate according to claim 6. The first substrate having the liquid crystal display element substrate, the first electrode layer, and the first alignment film, the polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and a second polarizing plate. A second substrate having an electrode layer and a second alignment film is disposed so that the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment film of the second substrate face each other, and the first substrate and the second substrate A liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal sandwiched between second substrates,
The polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to the transmission wavelength region of the colored region of the color filter layer of the first substrate facing the polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 8. A polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a first substrate having a first electrode layer, a first alignment film, a second base material, and the second group A second substrate having a second polarizing layer, a color filter layer, a second electrode layer, and a second alignment film formed on the material, the first alignment film of the first substrate and the second alignment of the second substrate; A liquid crystal display element that is disposed so as to face a film and sandwiches liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The color filter layer has a plurality of colored regions, and at least one colored region of the plurality of colored regions exhibits a spectral transmittance characteristic different from that of the other colored regions, and the polarizing layer of the first substrate The liquid crystal display element, wherein the polarizing region exhibits spectral polarization characteristics with respect to a transmission wavelength region of a colored region of the color filter layer of the second substrate facing the polarizing region of the polarizing layer of the first substrate.   11. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 10, wherein the color filter layer has three types of colored regions of a red colored region, a green colored region, and a blue colored region.

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