JP2005351261A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize, reduce weight and cost on an internal combustion engine by division. <P>SOLUTION: A crankcase 16 is divided into a cylinder block 12 and a cylinder 15 at a central part of a oil supply passage 17. A through bolt 14 passes through a bearing cap 13, a crank case 16, the cylinder 15 and the cylinder head 11 from a lower part and is fastened to construct the engine. AT least one of the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 can be replaced as an independent body according to the engine design specifications without affecting other members. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine configured by fastening a cylinder head, a cylinder block, a crank bearing cap, and the like.

  In general, an internal combustion engine has a cylinder block formed with a cylinder bore for movably supporting a piston, a cylinder head formed with an intake / exhaust port, and an intake / exhaust valve and a camshaft for driving the intake / exhaust valve, The bearing cap etc. which support the crankshaft which drives a piston are comprised. The cylinder head, the cylinder block, and the bearing cap are integrally fastened by fastening bolts.

  In recent years, internal combustion engines have been reduced in size and weight, and each component member is manufactured by casting using aluminum material, in particular, die casting. The cylinder block and the bearing cap that constitute the internal combustion engine described above are also manufactured by aluminum die casting. However, it is desirable to downsize each component in terms of the manufacturing method.

  An example of such an internal combustion engine that has been reduced in weight is described in Patent Document 1 below. In the engine cylinder block assembly described in Patent Document 1, a crankcase block made of magnesium alloy and a bearing cap made of aluminum alloy are superposed in sequence on an aluminum alloy cylinder block, and the bearing cap and the crankcase block are assembled. The inserted connecting bolt is screwed to the cylinder block and the three members are joined together.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 05-064440

  However, in the engine cylinder block assembly described in Patent Document 1 described above, the weight can be reduced by simply connecting the cylinder block, the crankcase block, and the bearing cap together using a connecting bolt. It has only been achieved, and the advantage that the cylinder block assembly is divided is not utilized.

  In addition, the components of the internal combustion engine such as the cylinder block are manufactured by die casting or the like and then integrally assembled with fastening bolts in the assembly line. This assembly line is divided into each type such as the type of the internal combustion engine and the displacement. Many are provided. For this reason, just as the cylinder block of the engine described in Patent Document 1 described above simply has a divided structure, the number of parts handled by one assembly line only increases, and the assembly cost and the number of assembly steps are increased. There is a problem that increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine that solves such a problem, and that achieves a reduction in size and weight by division and a reduction in cost and an improvement in assembly.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, an internal combustion engine of the present invention has a cylinder block connected to a lower portion of a cylinder head, and a bearing cap that supports a crankshaft connected to the lower portion of the cylinder block. In an internal combustion engine in which a cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase, at least one of the cylinder, the crankcase, and the bearing cap is formed so that it can be rearranged as a single unit according to the design specifications of the internal combustion engine. It is a feature.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, in accordance with the recombination of a plurality of types of cylinders having different inner diameters of cylinder bores, the crankcase has a bore opening communicating with the cylinder bore formed in accordance with the maximum inner diameter of the cylinder bore. It is a feature.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the crankcase and the bearing cap can be changed in material by changing the form of the internal combustion engine to a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.

  The internal combustion engine of the present invention is characterized in that the bearing cap can be rearranged by whether or not an auxiliary machine is attached or by changing the platform shape.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a cylinder block is connected to a lower part of a cylinder head, and a bearing cap for supporting a crankshaft is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block. The cylinder block is connected to the cylinder and the crankcase. It is divided and an oil supply passage is formed in the mating surface of the cylinder and the crankcase.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the oil supply passage is characterized in that an oil supply hole for supplying oil to the bearing portion of the crankshaft is communicated.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, an oil jet for cooling the piston is provided in the crankcase, and the oil supply passage is communicated with the oil jet through a connection passage.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the first fastening bolt for fastening the cylinder, the crankcase, and the bearing cap penetrates the inside of the internal combustion engine from the oil supply passage, and the second fastening bolt for fastening the cylinder and the crankcase. Is characterized in that the outside of the internal combustion engine penetrates from the inside of the crankcase through the oil supply passage, and a gasket is interposed on the fastening surface between the cylinder and the crankcase outside the second fastening bolt.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a positioning pin is interposed between the cylinder and the crankcase, and between the crankcase and the bearing cap, and a fastening bolt penetrates outside the internal combustion engine from the positioning pin. A gasket is interposed on the fastening surface between the pin and the fastening bolt, respectively.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a cylinder block is connected to a lower part of a cylinder head, and a bearing cap for supporting a crankshaft is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block. The cylinder block is connected to the cylinder and the crankcase. It is divided and a heat insulation cavity is formed on the mating surface of the cylinder with the crankcase.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a water jacket is formed on the mating surface of the cylinder with the cylinder head, while the heat insulation cavity is formed separately from the water jacket, and the heat insulation cavity is kept warm. It is characterized by being filled with material.

  The internal combustion engine of the present invention is characterized in that a fastening bolt penetrates the bearing cap, the crankcase, and the cylinder from below and is fastened to the cylinder head.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the fastening bolt is characterized in that an intermediate thread portion is screwed into the cylinder.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the fastening bolt penetrates a water jacket provided in the cylinder.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the bore center of the cylinder and the center of the crankshaft are provided so as to be shifted in one horizontal direction, and an auxiliary fastening bolt that penetrates the bearing cap and the crankcase from below is provided in the other horizontal direction. It is characterized by being provided.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, a cylinder block is connected to a lower part of a cylinder head, and a bearing cap for supporting a crankshaft is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block. The cylinder block is connected to the cylinder and the crankcase. It is divided, and a communicating hole for communicating a plurality of cylinder bores is formed on the mating surface of the cylinder and the crankcase.

  In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the communication hole is a notch formed in an upper surface of a bearing wall in the crankcase.

  According to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the cylinder block is connected to the lower part of the cylinder head, the crankshaft bearing cap is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block, and the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase. Since at least one of the bearing caps can be recombined according to the design specifications of the internal combustion engine, the cylinder and crankcase can be made smaller by splitting the cylinder block, and high quality can be manufactured with light materials. As a result, the overall weight can be reduced, and each component can be rearranged according to the design specifications to support various types of internal combustion engine production lines, thereby reducing costs. .

  According to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the cylinder block is connected to the lower part of the cylinder head, the crankshaft bearing cap is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block, and the cylinder block is divided into the cylinder and the crankcase. Since the oil supply passage is formed on the mating surface of the case, the cylinder and the crankcase can be made smaller by manufacturing the cylinder block and can be manufactured with high accuracy with light materials, and the overall weight can be reduced. There is no need for post-processing to form the passage, and the cost can be reduced.

  According to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the cylinder block is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder head, the crankshaft bearing cap is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder block, the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase, and the crank in the cylinder is Since the heat insulation cavity is formed on the mating surface with the case, it is possible to reduce the size of the cylinder and the crankcase by dividing the cylinder block, and to manufacture it with light materials with high accuracy, and to reduce the overall weight. In addition, the heat insulating cavity can be formed without post-processing, and the cost can be reduced.

  According to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the cylinder block is connected to the lower part of the cylinder head, the crankshaft bearing cap is connected to the lower part of the cylinder block, and the cylinder block is divided into the cylinder and the crankcase. A communication hole that connects multiple cylinder bores is formed on the mating surface of the case, so that the cylinder and crankcase can be made smaller by manufacturing the cylinder block and can be manufactured with high accuracy with light materials, and the overall weight is reduced. In addition, post-processing for forming the communication hole is unnecessary, and the cost can be reduced.

  Embodiments of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  1 is a cross-sectional view (II cross-section in FIG. 3) in a bore center of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view between bores in the gasoline engine of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a sectional view (II-II section of FIG. 3), and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the gasoline engine of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the gasoline engine of the first embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12, and a crankshaft bearing cap (hereinafter referred to as a bearing cap) 13 that are combined from above. (1 fastening bolt) 14 is integrally assembled. The cylinder block 12 is divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and an oil supply passage 17 is formed on a mating surface between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16.

  That is, the cylinder 15 is made of an aluminum alloy, and a plurality of cylinder bores 21 (three in the present embodiment) penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in a central portion in a straight line, and a piston (not shown) is shown in each cylinder bore 21. Can be slidably fitted. The cylinder 15 is formed with a water jacket 22 that is positioned outside the plurality of cylinder bores 21 and is filled with cooling water for the engine and opens upward. Further, the cylinder 15 has a plurality (eight in this embodiment) of through-holes 23 through which the through bolts 14 penetrate from below so as to be located outside the water jacket 22 and between the cylinder bores 21. Is formed.

  The crankcase 16 is made of a magnesium alloy, and a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) bore openings 24 communicating with the cylinder bores 21 are formed in a central portion, and the bore openings 24 are formed in a straight line. A first accommodating portion 25 that accommodates an eccentric portion of a crankshaft (not shown) is formed below 24. The crankcase 16 is formed with a plurality of halved first bearing portions 26 that are positioned between the respective bore openings 24 and the first housing portion 25 and rotatably support the crankshaft at predetermined intervals. ing. The crankcase 16 is formed with a plurality (eight in this embodiment) of through-holes 27 through which the through bolts 14 penetrate from below, positioned outside the plurality of first bearing portions 26. .

  A first groove 28 is formed on one side of the lower surface of the cylinder 15 along the arrangement direction of the cylinder bores 21, while a first groove 28 is formed on one side of the upper surface of the crankcase 16 along the arrangement direction of the bore openings 24. Thus, a second groove portion 29 is formed. When the crankcase 16 is assembled at a predetermined position with respect to the cylinder 15, the first groove portion 28 and the second groove portion 29 can be adapted to form the oil supply passage 17. Yes. The oil supply passage 17 communicates with the first bearing portion 26 through an oil supply hole 30 formed in the crankcase 16, and the lubricating oil in the oil supply passage 17 is supplied to the first bearing portion 26 through the oil supply hole 30. This enables smooth high-speed rotation of the crankshaft.

  The bearing cap 13 is made of a magnesium alloy, and a second housing portion 31 that communicates with each first housing portion 25 of the crankcase 16 is formed. A plurality of halved second bearing portions 32 are formed at a predetermined interval so as to face the bearing portion 26. The bearing cap 13 is formed with a plurality (eight in the present embodiment) of through-holes 33 through which the through bolts 14 penetrate from below, positioned outside the plurality of second bearing portions 32. .

  And while the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 which comprise the cylinder block 12 are combined, and the bearing cap 13 is combined with the lower part, the several through volt | bolt 14 has each through-hole 33,27,23 from the downward direction. It penetrates in order, and also the tip part penetrates cylinder head 11, and fastening nut 34 is screwed in each screw part 14a. Therefore, the cylinder head 11, the cylinder block 12 (cylinder 15, crankcase 16), and the bearing cap 13 are integrally fastened by the plurality of through bolts 14. When fastened in this manner, the crankcase 16 made of magnesium alloy and the bearing cap 13 are brought into a fastened state in which compressive stress is applied, and the weight can be reduced and the strength of the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 can be increased. Can do. An oil pan (not shown) is attached to the lower part of the bearing cap 13.

  The oil supply passage 17 formed on the mating surface of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 is formed outside the through bolt 14 with respect to the center of the cylinder, and the crankcase 16 is positioned outside the oil supply passage 17. A plurality of connecting bolts (second fastening bolts) 35 are screwed into the cylinder 15 from the inside, and a gasket 36 is interposed on the fastening surface between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 outside the connecting bolt 35. Further, a plurality of positioning pins 37 are inserted into predetermined positions between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and both are fastened by fastening bolts 38 at positions outside the positioning pins 37 with respect to the center of the cylinder. Is fastened, and the gasket 36 described above is interposed on the fastening surface between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 between the positioning pin 37 and the fastening bolt 38. Accordingly, the gasket 36 can prevent the lubricating oil in the oil supply passage 17 from leaking from the mating surface of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 to the outside.

  On the other hand, between the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13, a plurality of connecting bolts 39 are screwed into the bearing cap 13 from the crankcase 16, and the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 inside the connecting bolt 39 are connected to each other. A gasket 40 is interposed on the fastening surface. Further, a plurality of positioning pins 41 are respectively inserted into the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 at predetermined positions. The fastening bolts 42 are positioned outside the positioning pins 41 with respect to the center of the cylinder. Both are fastened, and the gasket 40 described above is interposed on the fastening surface between the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 between the positioning pin 41 and the fastening bolt 42. Accordingly, the gasket 40 can prevent the lubricating oil of the bearing portions 26 and 32 from leaking to the outside from the mating surface of the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13.

  By the way, in the engine of the first embodiment, as described above, the cylinder head 11, the cylinder block 12, and the bearing cap 13 are fastened by the through bolts 14, and the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. It is configured. The cylinder head 11 and the cylinder 15 are made of an aluminum alloy, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are made of a magnesium alloy, and at least one of the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 is made of another It is formed so that it can be rearranged as a single unit according to the design specifications of the engine without affecting the members.

For example, when the displacement is changed from the original specification, it is necessary to rearrange cylinders 15 having different cylinder bores 21 (piston stroke) or different inner diameters. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the inner diameter d ₂ of the bore opening 24 of the crankcase 16 to which the cylinder 15 is connected is formed to be large in accordance with the maximum value of the inner diameter d ₁ of the cylinder bore 21 of the cylinder 15 to be recombined.

  The crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are made of a magnesium alloy for weight reduction. However, when the internal combustion engine is changed from a gasoline engine to a diesel engine, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are made from the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient strength. The case 16 and the bearing cap 13 can be changed to aluminum alloy or iron.

  Further, engine accessories such as a starter and an oil pump can be attached to the bearing cap 13, and it is necessary to adapt to the shape of the vehicle platform. For this reason, the bearing cap 13 can be rearranged by the presence or absence of engine accessories and the change of the platform shape.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the first embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the through bolts 14 connect the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below. It is penetrated and fastened. Accordingly, the crankcase 16 made of magnesium alloy and the bearing cap 13 are connected in a state where compressive stress is applied, so that the weight of the entire engine can be reduced and the strength of the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 can be increased. be able to. Moreover, by making the cylinder block 12 into a divided structure, the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 can be reduced in size and thickness, and can be easily and precisely manufactured by die casting. Furthermore, the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16 and the cylinder 15 can be coupled to the cylinder head 11 with the through bolts 14 sandwiched therebetween. In particular, unintended stress does not act on the cylinder 15 or the crankcase 16, and the cylinder bore 21 The roundness of can be secured.

  The first groove 28 is formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 15, while the second groove 29 is formed on the upper surface of the crankcase 16, and the oil supply passage 17 is formed in a state where the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 are assembled. I am doing so. That is, the cylinder block 12 is divided into two at the center of the oil supply passage 17. The oil supply passage 17 communicates with the bearing portions 26 and 32 of the crankshaft through the oil supply hole 30. Therefore, it is possible to easily form the oil supply passage 17 without a drilling operation by a drill after the casting of the cylinder block 12, and to reduce the cost. Then, the lubricating oil can be easily supplied to the bearing portions 26 and 32 using the oil supply passage 17, and the crankshaft can be smoothly rotated at a high speed.

  Further, the oil supply passage 17 is formed outside the through bolt 14 with respect to the center of the cylinder, and the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 are fastened by the connecting bolt 35 outside the oil supply passage 17. A gasket 36 is interposed on the fastening surface between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. Accordingly, the gasket 36 can prevent the lubricating oil in the oil supply passage 17 from leaking from the mating surface of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 to the outside.

  Further, the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 are positioned and connected using a positioning pin 37, and the gasket 36 described above is interposed on the outside thereof, so that the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 can be coupled at an appropriate position. In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage of the lubricating oil from the fastening surfaces of both. On the other hand, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are positioned and connected using a positioning pin 41, and a gasket 40 is interposed on the outside thereof, so that the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 can be coupled at an appropriate position. In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage of the lubricating oil from the fastening surfaces of both.

  In the gasoline engine according to the first embodiment, at least one of the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 can be reconfigured as a single unit according to the engine design specifications without affecting other members. It is possible.

Accordingly, the inner diameter d ₂ of the bore opening 24 of the crankcase 16, by increasing formed in accordance with the maximum value of the inner diameter d ₁ of the cylinder bore 21 of the cylinder 15 to be reclassified, many kinds of length and internal diameter of the cylinder bore 21 is different The cylinder 15 can be assembled, and the displacement can be easily changed because the cylinder 15 is changed. In addition, when changing the form of the internal combustion engine to a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, the material of the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 is made of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy from the viewpoint of ensuring weight reduction and strength increase. It can be changed to iron. Further, the shape of the bearing cap 13 differs depending on the presence or absence of engine accessories and the platform, and can be appropriately changed depending on the shape. As a result, when there are engine design specifications, it is possible to respond by simply reassembling only some of the necessary parts, eliminating the need to add a new engine production line and reducing manufacturing costs. , Versatility can be improved.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As in the first embodiment described above, the gasoline engine of the second embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, as shown in FIG. The plurality of through bolts 14 are integrally assembled. The first groove portion 28 is formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 15, while the second groove portion 29 is formed on the upper surface of the crankcase 16. The cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 are combined to form the first groove portion. The oil supply passage 17 is formed by the 28 and the second groove portion 29. In the crankcase 16, an oil jet 51 for cooling the piston is provided below the oil supply passage 17. The oil supply passage 17 is connected to the oil jet 51 through a connection passage 52. Has an injection nozzle 53 for injecting lubricating oil toward the cylinder bore 21. The oil jet 51 can cool the piston by the injection nozzle 53 injecting lubricating oil onto the piston at a predetermined timing when the piston moves up and down.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the second embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the through bolts 14 connect the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below. The oil supply passage 17 is formed by the first groove portion 28 formed through the lower surface of the cylinder 15 and the second groove portion 29 formed in the upper surface of the crankcase 16, and is attached to the oil supply passage 17 and the crankcase 16. A piston cooling oil jet 51 is connected through a connecting passage 52.

  Accordingly, it is possible to easily form the oil supply passage 17 without the need for a drilling operation after the cylinder block 12 is cast, thereby reducing the cost, and the oil jet 51 attached to the oil supply passage 28 and the vicinity thereof. Can be easily communicated with each other, so that the mountability of the oil jet 51 can be improved.

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As in the first embodiment described above, the gasoline engine of the third embodiment is a combination of a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, as shown in FIG. The plurality of through bolts 14 are integrally assembled. The cylinder 15 has a plurality of cylinder bores 21 arranged in a straight line at the center, and a water jacket 22 is formed on the outside of each cylinder bore 21 so as to open upward. Further, in the cylinder 15, a heat insulation cavity 56 is formed in the outside of each cylinder bore 21 and below the water jacket 22 so as to open downward. Similar to the water jacket 22, the heat insulating cavity 56 is continuously formed on the outer peripheral portion of each cylinder bore 21, so that engine cooling water as a heat insulating material can be circulated. Then, by combining the crankcase 16 with the lower portion of the cylinder 15, the lower portion of the heat insulating cavity 56 is closed, and waterproofing is performed by the gasket 36 interposed between the mating surfaces of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. Made.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the third embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the through bolts 14 connect the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below. A water jacket 22 that opens upward is formed outside the cylinder bore 21 in the cylinder 15, and a heat insulation cavity 56 that opens downward is formed in the lower portion of the water jacket 22. Water can be circulated.

  Accordingly, the upper part of the cylinder bore 21 in the high temperature state close to the combustion chamber is cooled by the engine coolant flowing in the water jacket 22, while the lower part of the cylinder bore 21 in the low temperature state far from the combustion chamber flows in the heat insulating cavity 56. The engine bore water is kept warm, the cylinder bore 21 is in a substantially uniform temperature state at the top and bottom, and the roundness is improved, so that the friction of the piston can be reduced, the fuel consumption is improved, the output is improved, and the vibration is improved. It can contribute to improvement. Further, the heat insulating cavity 56 can be formed without post-processing, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, the oil supply passage formed in the mating surface between the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 is omitted, but it can be provided adjacent to the heat insulating cavity 56. In this case, it is necessary to interpose a new seal member between the oil supply passage and the heat insulating cavity 56. In the third embodiment, the heat insulation cavity 56 is filled with engine cooling water. However, the heat insulation cavity 56 may be made independent and filled with engine oil, heat insulation, or the like as a heat insulating material. Even if it is used as a cavity, the heat retaining effect of the cylinder block can be obtained.

  FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As in the first embodiment described above, the gasoline engine of the fourth embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, as shown in FIG. The plurality of through bolts 14 are integrally assembled. The cylinder 15 is formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 21 arranged in a straight line, and a water jacket 22 is formed outside each cylinder bore 21. In addition, the cylinder 15 is formed with a ring portion 61 in which the cylinder bore 21 protrudes downward by forming the lower outer portion recessed upward, and the first groove portion 28 is formed outside the ring portion 61. Has been.

  On the other hand, the crankcase 16 is formed with a bore opening 24 communicating with each cylinder bore 21, and a first housing 25 is formed below each bore opening 24, and the bore opening 24 and the first housing are accommodated. A first bearing portion 26 is formed between the portions 25. Further, the crank case 16 has a fitting portion 62 in which the end surface of the bore opening portion 24 forms a vertical direction by projecting the upper outer side upward, and the second groove portion is formed outside the fitting portion 62. 29 is formed.

  Then, when each ring portion 61 of the cylinder 15 is fitted to each fitting portion 62 of the crankcase 16, the crankcase 16 is assembled at a predetermined position with respect to the cylinder 15, and in this state, the first groove portion 28 is assembled. The second groove portion 29 forms the oil supply passage 17, and both are fastened by the connecting bolt 35.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the fourth embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the ring portion 61 of the cylinder 15 is fitted to the fitting portion 62 of the crankcase 16. Both are combined, and the through bolt 14 penetrates the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below and is fastened.

  Therefore, the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 can be easily positioned, and a separate positioning pin or the like is not necessary, so that the assembling property can be improved. Further, since the volume of the magnesium alloy crankcase 16 is increased by forming the ring portion 61 in the cylinder 15 and the fitting portion 62 in the crankcase 16, a large amount of low-cost magnesium is used. Cost reduction can be achieved.

  FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the gasoline engine of the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the cylinder block 12 is divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and through holes 23 and 27 through which the through bolts 14 are respectively formed are formed. 15, a female screw portion 23b is formed continuously below the through hole 23, while the through bolt 14 has a screw portion 14b screwed into the female screw portion 23b at an intermediate portion.

  The cylinder head 11, the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 (cylinder block 12), and the bearing cap 13 are combined, and a plurality of through bolts 14 pass through the through holes 33, 27, 23 from below and are screwed When the portion 14b is screwed into the female screw portion 23b of the cylinder 15, the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are fastened together, and the through bolt 14 penetrates the cylinder head 11 and fastens to the screw portion 14a. The cylinder head 11 is fastened to the cylinder 15 by the nut 34 being screwed.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the fifth embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the female screw portion 23 b is formed in the cylinder 15 continuously to the through hole 23. The screw part 14b is formed in the intermediate part. Therefore, after the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are fastened with the through bolt 14, the cylinder head 11 can be fastened in a separate process, and the cylinder head 11 and the cylinder block 12 are manufactured in different places. Both can be assembled on the assembly line. Further, the fastening force of the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 and the fastening force of the cylinder block 12 and the cylinder 15 can be changed. For example, the fastening force of a part made of magnesium alloy or the like can be set low. Adjustment can be made so that excessive axial force does not act.

  8-1 is a schematic diagram of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8-2 is a schematic diagram of a modified example showing different fastening methods in the gasoline engine of the sixth embodiment, FIG. -3 is the schematic of the modification showing the different fastening method in the gasoline engine of Example 6. FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the gasoline engine of the sixth embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13. The through bolt 71 penetrates and the fastening nets 72 and 73 are screwed to the upper and lower screw portions 71a and 71b, so that they are fastened and assembled together.

  Further, in the gasoline engine of the modified example of the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8B, the cylinder head 11, the cylinder block 12 divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are combined. After a plurality of through bolts 74 pass through the members from below and the middle screw portion 74c is screwed into the cylinder 15, the fastening nets 75 and 76 are screwed into the upper and lower screw portions 74a and 74b, so that they are integrated. It is fastened and assembled.

  Further, in the gasoline engine of the modified example of the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8C, the cylinder head 11, the cylinder block 12 divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are combined. A plurality of through bolts 77 pass through the bearing cap 13 and the crankcase 16 from below, and a threaded portion 77a at the front end is screwed into the cylinder 15, while a plurality of through bolts 78 pass through the cylinder head 11 from above. The threaded portion 78a at the tip is screwed into the cylinder 15 so as to be integrally fastened and assembled.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine according to the sixth embodiment, the fastening method may be appropriately determined by the through bolt according to the shape, size, material, and the like of the members constituting the engine, and versatility can be improved. . Further, by providing the intermediate screw portion 74c, the fastening force between the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 and the fastening force between the cylinder block 12 and the cylinder 15 can be changed. The fastening force of the parts thus made can be set low so that excessive axial force does not act.

  FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the gasoline engine of the seventh embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, and is integrated by a plurality of through bolts 14. It is assembled and configured. A plurality of cylinder bores 21 are formed in the cylinder 15 side by side, and a water jacket 22 is formed on the outside of each cylinder bore 21. A hole 23 is formed through the water jacket 22, and the through bolt 14 can be inserted from below.

  In this case, a ring-shaped seal member (not shown) is attached to the communicating portion between the water jacket 22 and the through hole 23, and the through bolt 14 is inserted into and closely contacted with the seal member, so that the water jacket 22 is filled. It is necessary to prevent the engine cooling water from leaking outside through the through hole 23. Further, since the through bolt 14 is immersed in the engine coolant, it is necessary to prevent the generation of rust by coating the surface portion.

  A plurality of through holes 27 and 33 are formed in the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 corresponding to the through holes 23 formed in the cylinder 15.

  In a state where the cylinder head 11, the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are combined, the plurality of through bolts 14 pass through the through holes 33, 27, and 23 and the water jacket 22 in this order from the lower side. The part penetrates the cylinder head 11 and is fastened. Accordingly, each through bolt 14 can pass through a position close to each cylinder bore 21 to ensure the fastening force of each member.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the seventh embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, the through hole 23 that penetrates the water jacket 22 is formed in the cylinder 15, and the through bolt 14 is connected to the cylinder bore. 21 can secure a sufficient fastening force to pass through a position close to 21 and bring each member into close contact with each other, and can be fastened by applying an appropriate compressive stress to the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 or the like, The roundness of the cylinder bore 21 can be improved. In addition, the through bolt 14 passes through a position close to the bearing portions 26 and 32 of the crankshaft, and the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap are brought into close contact with each other, so that the crankshaft is securely supported and smooth high-speed rotation is possible. It can be.

  FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIG. 10, the gasoline engine of the eighth embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, and is integrated by a plurality of through bolts 14. It is assembled and configured. The center O _{1 of the} cylinder bore 21 and the center O _{2 of the} crankshaft are offset by a predetermined distance L _{1 in the} engine width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 10). That is, a plurality of cylinder bores 21 are formed side by side at the center of the cylinder 15, while bearing portions 26 and 32 are formed on the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 so as to be shifted by a predetermined distance L _{1 in} one width direction.

A plurality of through holes 23, 27, 33 are formed in the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 at positions spaced apart from the center O _{1 of the} cylinder bore 21 by an equal distance L _{2 in the} horizontal direction. 14 can be inserted. Further, the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are formed with a screw hole 81 and a through hole 82 between the bearing portions 26 and 32 and the through holes 27 and 33, and an auxiliary fastening bolt 83 is inserted from below and screwed. It is possible.

  Therefore, in a state where the cylinder head 11, the cylinder 15, the crankcase 16, and the bearing cap 13 are combined, the plurality of through bolts 14 penetrate the through holes 33, 27, and 23 in that order from the lower side, and the tip portion is the cylinder head. 11 is fastened through. A plurality of auxiliary fastening bolts 83 pass through the through hole 82 of the bearing cap 13 and are screwed into the screw hole 81 of the crankcase 16 to be fastened together.

As described above, in the gasoline engine of the eighth embodiment, when the center O _{1 of the} cylinder bore 21 and the center O _{2 of the} crankshaft are offset by a predetermined distance L _{1 in} the width direction of the engine, the through bolt 14 is connected to the bearing cap. 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 are passed through and fastened, and the auxiliary fastening bolt 83 fastens the bearing cap 13 and the crankcase 16 at a position close to the crankshaft. For this reason, the through bolt 14 and the auxiliary fastening bolt 83 pass through a position close to the bearing portions 26 and 32 of the crankshaft, and the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap are brought into close contact with each other, thereby securely supporting the crankshaft. Smooth high-speed rotation can be made possible.

  FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a crankcase in the gasoline engine of Embodiment 9. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As in the first embodiment described above, the gasoline engine of the ninth embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. Are combined and integrated by a plurality of through bolts 14. The cylinder 15 is formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 21 in which pistons are slidably fitted, and the crankcase 16 has a plurality of bore openings 24 communicating with the cylinder bores 21. In addition to being formed, a first accommodating portion 25 is formed below each bore opening 24. In this case, a plurality of bearing walls 91 are provided at predetermined intervals between each bore opening 24 and the first housing portion 25 so as to partition the inside of the crankcase 16. A half-split first bearing portion 26 that rotatably supports the shaft is formed.

  Further, a semicircular cutout 92 is formed on the upper surface of each bearing wall 91 in the crankcase 16, so that when the cylinder block 12 is configured by combining the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, A communication hole 93 for communicating each cylinder bore 21 is formed on the mating surface of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. In a gasoline engine having a plurality of cylinders, when one piston descends, the lower crank chamber is pressurized and the pressure increases, resulting in a pumping loss. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first and second accommodating portions 25 and 31 serving as the adjacent crank chambers are communicated with each other through the communication hole 93, whereby the adjacent cylinder bores 21 are communicated to allow air to flow. For this reason, when the piston descends, the pressurized air flows from the communication hole 93 to the adjacent crank chamber, thereby preventing an increase in pumping loss due to an increase in the crank chamber pressure.

  In this embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a semicircular convex portion is provided on the mold frame side where the crankcase 16 is cast and molded. At the time of casting, a notch 92 for the communication hole 93 is formed on the upper surface thereof.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the ninth embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the through bolts 14 connect the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below. By penetrating and fastening, and forming a notch 92 on the upper surface of each bearing wall 91 in the crankcase 16, a communication hole 93 that communicates with each cylinder bore 21 is provided.

  Therefore, the notch 92 for the communication hole 93 is formed on the upper surface of the crankcase 16 so as to be exposed to the outside, so that the crankcase 16 can be easily cast only by the mold, and the communication hole is directly formed. There is no need to remove the core pin for processing, and the work space and maintenance work for extracting the core pin can be eliminated. As a result, the manufacturing work of the cylinder block 12 can be simplified and reduced in cost.

  Further, by forming the notch 92 as the communication hole 93 exposed to the outside on the upper surface of the crankcase 16, its shape, size, number, etc. can be freely set. In general, the opening area of the communication hole 93 is set according to the engine type, and by setting the shape, size, number, etc. of the notch 92 according to the cylinder volume, the cylinder diameter, the maximum rotation number, etc. The degree of freedom of design can be expanded. Furthermore, since the notch 92 is not formed on the cylinder 15 side but is formed on the crankcase 16 side, the roundness and strength of the cylinder bore 21 can be suppressed from being lowered.

  FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As in the first embodiment described above, the gasoline engine of the tenth embodiment includes a cylinder head 11, a cylinder block 12 divided into a cylinder 15 and a crankcase 16, and a bearing cap 13, as shown in FIG. The plurality of through bolts 14 are integrally assembled. The cylinder 15 is formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 21 in which pistons are slidably fitted, and the crankcase 16 has a plurality of bore openings 24 communicating with the cylinder bores 21. In addition to being formed, a first accommodating portion 25 is formed below each bore opening 24. In this case, a plurality of bearing walls 91 are provided at a predetermined interval between each bore opening 24 and the first accommodating portion 25 so as to partition the inside of the crankcase 16, and the first bearing portion 26 is formed at a lower portion thereof. Yes.

  Also, three rectangular cutouts 95 are formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 15 corresponding to the bearing walls 91 of the crankcase 16, so that the cylinder block 12 is combined with the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. When this is configured, a communication hole 96 for communicating each cylinder bore 21 is formed on the mating surface of the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16. That is, in the present embodiment, the first and second accommodating portions 25 and 31 serving as the adjacent crank chambers are communicated with each other through the communication hole 96, whereby the adjacent cylinder bores 21 are communicated to allow air to flow. For this reason, when the piston descends, the pressurized air flows from the communication hole 96 to the adjacent crank chamber, thereby preventing an increase in pumping loss due to an increase in the pressure in the crank chamber.

  In the present embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16 and a rectangular convex portion is provided on the mold side where the cylinder 15 is cast and molded. Notches 95 for the three communication holes 96 are formed on the lower surface.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the tenth embodiment, the cylinder block 12 is divided into the cylinder 15 and the crankcase 16, and the through bolts 14 connect the bearing cap 13, the crankcase 16, the cylinder 15, and the cylinder head 11 from below. A through hole 96 for communicating each cylinder bore 21 is formed by penetrating and fastening and forming a notch 95 in the lower surface of the wall of the cylinder bore 21 in the cylinder 15.

  Accordingly, the notch 95 for the communication hole 96 is formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 15 so as to be exposed to the outside, so that the cylinder 15 can be easily cast only by the mold, and the communication hole is directly processed. For this reason, it is not necessary to perform the process of extracting the core pin, and it is possible to eliminate the work space and maintenance work for extracting the core pin. As a result, the manufacturing work of the cylinder block 12 can be simplified and reduced in cost.

  Further, by forming a notch 95 as a communication hole 96 exposed to the outside on the lower surface of the cylinder 15, the shape, size, number, etc. can be freely set, and the degree of freedom in engine design is expanded. can do. Further, since the communication hole 96 is formed in the cylinder 15, the air flow between the adjacent cylinder bores 21 becomes smooth, and the operation performance of the piston can be improved. In addition, since a plurality of rectangular cutout portions 95 for the communication holes 96 are formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 15, the communication holes 96 can be efficiently secured without significantly reducing the strength of the cylinder 15.

  FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as what was demonstrated in the Example mentioned above, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the gasoline engine of the eleventh embodiment is a V-type engine and includes cylinder heads 101a and 101b, a cylinder block 102, and a bearing cap 103. The cylinder block 102 includes two cylinders 105a, It is divided into 105b and a crankcase 106, and is integrally assembled by a plurality of through bolts 104. The cylinders 105a and 105b are formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 107a and 107b in which pistons (not shown) are slidably fitted. The crankcase 106 and the bearing cap 103 have cylinder bores 107a. , 107b and a crank chamber 108 are formed.

  Bearing walls 109 and 110 are provided between the cylinder bores 107a and 107b and the crank chambers 108 so as to partition the crankcase 106 and the bearing cap 103, and bearing portions 111 and 112 are provided on the bearing walls 109 and 110, respectively. Is formed. In addition, semi-circular cutouts 113a and 113b are formed on the upper surfaces of the bearing walls 109 of the crankcase 106, that is, the joint surfaces of the cylinders 105a and 105b. When the cylinder block 102 is configured in combination with the case 106, communication holes 114a and 114b for communicating the cylinder bores 107a and 107b are formed on the mating surfaces of the cylinders 105a and 105b and the crankcase 106, respectively. Become. That is, in the present embodiment, the adjacent crank chambers 108 are communicated with each other through the communication holes 114a and 114b, so that the adjacent cylinder bores 107a and 107b are communicated to allow air to flow. For this reason, when the piston is lowered, the pressurized air flows from the communication holes 114a and 114b to the adjacent crank chamber 108, thereby preventing an increase in pumping loss due to an increase in the pressure in the crank chamber 108.

  As described above, in the gasoline engine of the eleventh embodiment, the cylinder block 102 is divided into the two cylinders 105a and 105b and the crankcase 106, and the through bolts 104 are inserted from below into the bearing cap 103, the crankcase 106, the cylinder 105a, 105b and the cylinder heads 101a and 101b are penetrated and fastened, and notches 113a and 113b are formed on the upper surface of the crankcase 106, thereby providing communication holes 114a and 114b for communicating the cylinder bores 107a and 107b.

  Therefore, in the V-type engine, the notches 113a and 113b for the communication holes 114a and 114b are formed on the upper surface of the crankcase 106 so as to be exposed to the outside. Casting can be performed, and the work for machining the communication hole after casting is not necessary, and the manufacturing work of the cylinder block 102 can be simplified and reduced in cost.

  In the above-described embodiments 9 to 11, the shape and number of the communication holes 93, 96, 114a, and 114b are not limited to each embodiment, and the engine performance and the strength of the cylinder block are taken into consideration. What is necessary is just to select an appropriate thing. In this case, the communication hole can be formed in an irregular shape such as a rectangle in addition to a semicircular shape, or a complicated shape, thereby ensuring a large opening area, reducing friction, and improving fuel efficiency. In addition, the communication hole for communicating adjacent cylinder bores may be provided on the mating surface of the cylinder and the crankcase, and a notch is formed on either the lower surface of the cylinder or the upper surface of the crankcase, or both are notched. A communication hole may be provided by forming.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the cylinder head 11 and the cylinder 15 are made of an aluminum alloy, and the crankcase 16 and the bearing cap 13 are made of a magnesium alloy. However, the present invention is not limited to this material. It may be changed to other materials such as iron making including aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy according to the shape, strength, division position and the like.

  Further, the shapes and positions of the oil supply passage 17 and the heat insulating cavity 56 are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be set as appropriate according to engine specifications.

  Furthermore, the internal combustion engine of the present invention does not depend on the engine type, and can be applied to an in-line multi-cylinder engine, a V-type multi-cylinder engine, or the like.

  As described above, the internal combustion engine according to the present invention reduces the manufacturing cost by reducing the size and weight of the constituent members and making them recombinable, and is useful for all internal combustion engines.

It is a section (II section of Drawing 3) figure in a bore center in a gasoline engine as an internal-combustion engine concerning Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (II-II cross-section in FIG. 3) between bores in the gasoline engine of the first embodiment. 1 is a plan view of a gasoline engine of Example 1. FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 5 of this invention. It is the schematic of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 6 of this invention. It is the schematic of the modification showing the different fastening method in the gasoline engine of Example 6. FIG. It is the schematic of the modification showing the different fastening method in the gasoline engine of Example 6. FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 7 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 8 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 9 of this invention. 10 is a schematic diagram of a crankcase in a gasoline engine of Example 9. FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 10 of this invention. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasoline engine as an internal combustion engine which concerns on Example 11 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11, 101a, 101b Cylinder head 12, 102 Cylinder block 13, 103 Crankshaft bearing cap 14, 71, 74, 77, 78 Through bolt (fastening bolt, first fastening bolt)
15, 105a, 105b Cylinder 16, 106 Crankcase 17 Oil supply passage 21, 107a, 107b Cylinder bore 22 Water jacket 24 Bore opening 26, 111 First bearing portion 28 First groove portion 29 Second groove portion 30 Oil supply hole 32, 112 Second Bearing part 35 Connection bolt (second fastening bolt)
36, 40 Gasket 37, 41 Positioning pin 51 Oil jet 56 Heat insulation cavity 83 Auxiliary fastening bolt 91, 109, 110 Bearing wall 92, 95, 113a, 113b Notch 93, 96, 114a, 114b Communication hole 108 Crank chamber

Claims (17)

  A cylinder block is connected to a lower part of a cylinder head, a bearing cap for supporting a crankshaft is connected to a lower part of the cylinder block, and the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase. An internal combustion engine in which at least one of the bearing cap and the bearing cap is formed so as to be rearranged as a single unit according to the design specifications of the internal combustion engine.   2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the crankcase has a bore opening communicating with the cylinder bore formed in accordance with the maximum inner diameter of the cylinder bore in accordance with the recombination of a plurality of types of cylinders having different bore diameters. An internal combustion engine characterized by that.   2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the crankcase and the bearing cap can be changed in material by changing the form of the internal combustion engine to a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.   2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the bearing cap is replaceable by whether or not an auxiliary machine is attached or by changing the shape of the platform.   In an internal combustion engine in which a cylinder block is connected to a lower portion of a cylinder head and a bearing cap that supports a crankshaft is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder block, the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase, and the cylinder and the crankcase An internal combustion engine characterized in that an oil supply passage is formed on the mating surfaces of the two.   6. The internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein an oil supply hole for supplying oil to the bearing portion of the crankshaft is communicated with the oil supply passage.   6. The internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein an oil jet for cooling the piston is provided in the crankcase, and the oil supply passage is communicated with the oil jet through a connection passage.   6. The internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein a first fastening bolt that fastens the cylinder, the crankcase, and the bearing cap passes through the inside of the internal combustion engine from the oil supply passage, and fastens the cylinder and the crankcase. A fastening bolt penetrates the outside of the internal combustion engine from the inside of the crankcase through the oil supply passage, and a gasket is interposed on a fastening surface between the cylinder and the crankcase outside the second fastening bolt. Internal combustion engine.   The internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein a positioning pin is interposed between the cylinder and the crankcase, the crankcase and the bearing cap, and a fastening bolt penetrates the outside of the internal combustion engine from the positioning pin, An internal combustion engine, wherein a gasket is interposed on a fastening surface between the positioning pin and the fastening bolt.   In an internal combustion engine in which a cylinder block is connected to a lower portion of a cylinder head, and a bearing cap that supports a crankshaft is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder block, the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase, and the crankcase in the cylinder An internal combustion engine characterized in that a heat insulating cavity is formed on the mating surface.   11. The internal combustion engine according to claim 10, wherein a water jacket is formed on a mating surface of the cylinder with the cylinder head, and the heat insulation cavity is formed separately from the water jacket, and the heat insulation cavity. An internal combustion engine characterized by being filled with a heat insulating material.   The internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a fastening bolt penetrates the bearing cap, the crankcase, and the cylinder from below and is fastened to the cylinder head. organ.   The internal combustion engine according to claim 12, wherein an intermediate thread portion of the fastening bolt is screwed into the cylinder.   The internal combustion engine according to claim 12, wherein the fastening bolt passes through a water jacket provided in the cylinder.   13. The internal combustion engine according to claim 12, wherein the bore center of the cylinder and the center of the crankshaft are provided so as to be shifted in one horizontal direction, and the other side in the horizontal direction is an auxiliary fastening that penetrates the bearing cap and the crankcase from below. An internal combustion engine provided with a bolt.   In an internal combustion engine in which a cylinder block is connected to a lower portion of a cylinder head and a bearing cap that supports a crankshaft is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder block, the cylinder block is divided into a cylinder and a crankcase, and the cylinder and the crankcase An internal combustion engine characterized in that a communication hole for communicating a plurality of cylinder bores is formed on a mating surface of the internal combustion engine.   The internal combustion engine according to claim 16, wherein the communication hole is a notch formed in an upper surface of a bearing wall in the crankcase.

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