JP2005337523A - Method and apparatus for specifying air suction part in steam condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently specify the part where the air is mixed in a steam condenser. <P>SOLUTION: The steam condenser 1 comprises a plurality of steam condenser chambers 10, 20 that are evacuated inside and are divided by partition walls, have at least one water chambers 11, 21, or the like in respective steam condenser chambers 10, 20, and cools steam guided into the plurality of steam condenser chambers 10, 20 by a cooling water pipe connected to the water chambers 11, 21, or the like for condensation. The steam condenser 1 measures the degree of pipe cleanliness of respective water chambers 11, 21, or the like during operation, compares the measured degree of pipe cleanliness, and estimates that air suction has occurred in the steam condenser chambers 10, 20 having a water chamber in which the degree of pipe cleanliness has dropped relatively. Further, the degree of cleanliness of pipes in respective water chambers 11, 21, or the like during operation is measured with time, and the operation history of a plant in which the steam condenser 1 is incorporated when the degree of cleanliness of pipes has dropped relatively is referred to, thus estimating that air suction has occurred at a part that is operated when the degree of pipe cleanliness has dropped relatively in the steam condenser chambers 10, 20 in which the degree of pipe cleanliness has dropped relatively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for identifying an air suction portion of a condenser that condenses steam discharged from a steam turbine or the like that drives a generator or the like of a thermal power plant, and in particular, air during operation of the condenser. The present invention relates to a technique capable of specifying a suction site.

Conventionally, a condenser that condenses steam discharged from a steam turbine that drives a generator, etc., is used in a thermal power plant, a nuclear power plant, etc., and the water condensed in this condenser is heated again. Steam is supplied to the steam turbine.
The condenser is kept in a vacuum state, and the steam guided from the steam turbine into the condenser is cooled by a cooling water pipe and turned into water. However, if air enters the condenser, the performance of the condenser deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to specify the location of the air and prevent the air from entering. (Including connected steam piping, steam piping valves, etc.)
On the other hand, an apparatus for automatically diagnosing the performance of this condenser has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this case, the performance deterioration of a condenser installed in a thermal cycle plant such as a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant is diagnosed, its economic operation is enabled, and preventive maintenance is supported. At that time, by comparing the cleanliness of the cooling water pipe of the condenser with a reference value, the cause and part of the performance deterioration of the condenser can be automatically identified online.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-141879

However, investigating the air contamination location of the condenser manually as described above has a problem that much labor is required and the investigation takes time.
Further, in the invention of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the pipe cleanliness of the cooling water pipe of the condenser is used to determine whether the cooling water pipe is dirty or the pump is abnormal. Since the determination is based on whether or not the amount of extraction is increased, the air suction site of the condenser cannot be identified.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for identifying an air suction portion of a condenser that can efficiently identify an air suction portion of the condenser.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a plurality of condenser chambers (steam piping connected to the condenser chamber, steam piping valves connected to the condenser chamber). Each condenser chamber has at least one water chamber, and steam led into the plurality of condenser chambers is cooled by a cooling water pipe connected to the water chamber to condense. In the condenser, the pipe cleanliness of each water chamber in operation is measured, and the measured pipe cleanliness of each water chamber is compared. This is a method of identifying the air suction portion of the condenser that is estimated to have air suction in the water chamber.
As a result, the tube cleanliness of each water chamber during operation of the condenser having a plurality of condenser chambers, the interior of which is evacuated and divided by partition walls, and having at least one water chamber in each condenser chamber And measure the pipe cleanliness of each water chamber, and the condenser chamber with the water chamber having a relatively low pipe cleanliness is most affected by air suction. It can be easily estimated that air is sucked into a water chamber having a relatively low pipe cleanliness. The pipe cleanliness refers to the cleanliness of the cooling water pipe connected to the water chamber.

Furthermore, the invention described in claim 2 comprises a plurality of condenser chambers whose interior is evacuated and divided by partition walls, each condenser chamber having at least one water chamber, and the plurality of condensates. In the condenser for condensing by cooling the steam guided into the chamber with a cooling water pipe connected to the water chamber, the tube cleanliness of each water chamber in operation is measured over time, and each measured water chamber Compare the pipe cleanliness of the pipes to identify the condenser room that has the water chamber whose pipe cleanliness is relatively low, and the operation history of the plant when the pipe cleanliness is relatively low Reference is made to the operation of the condenser room where the pipe cleanliness is relatively low at the time when the pipe cleanliness is relatively low (including plant operation, maintenance and repair, for example, condensate (Including opening / closing the valve of steam piping in the chamber and repairing this piping, etc.) It is that the particular method of air suction portion of the condenser to be estimated.
As a result, the tube cleanliness of each water chamber during operation of the condenser having a plurality of condenser chambers, the interior of which is evacuated and divided by partition walls, and having at least one water chamber in each condenser chamber Is measured over time, and the measured tube cleanliness of each water chamber is compared to identify a condenser chamber having a water chamber in which the tube cleanliness is relatively low, and relatively clean Referring to the operation history of the plant at the time when the degree of deterioration has decreased, air suction due to the operation has occurred at the site where the condenser room where the pipe cleanliness is relatively low has been operated. It can be estimated easily.

Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 3 in the invention described in claim 1 or 2, when the pipe cleanliness of each water chamber is compared, variation in the pipe cleanliness of each water chamber (for example, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value). ) And when the variation becomes larger than usual, air suction occurs on the side opposite to the air extraction member (including the air extraction pipe) side to evacuate the condenser chamber of the condenser chamber It is to estimate further.
Here, the air that has entered the condenser due to the suction of air from the condenser is discharged to the outside of the condenser chamber by the air extraction member, so that the air that has entered the condenser chamber enters the air extraction member ( It flows toward the rear side of FIG. Therefore, when air suction occurs on the side opposite to the air extraction member (front side in FIG. 1), the air flow that has entered the condenser chamber is specified compared to when air suction occurs on the air extraction member side. It can be considered that the range of the water chamber in contact with the surface of the cooling water pipe is increased, and the decrease in the pipe cleanliness of the water chamber is also large. For this reason, when the variation in pipe cleanliness of the water chamber becomes larger than normal (when air suction is not occurring), air suction occurs on the side opposite to the air extraction member side of the condenser chamber. It can be estimated further.

前記管清浄度を自動的に算出する管清浄度算出手段およびこの算出された各水室の管清浄度を比較し、相対的に管清浄度が低下している水室を有する復水器室を特定する復水器室特定手段を備えることを特徴とする復水器の空気吸い込み部位の特定装置である。
これにより、各水室の管清浄度を算出するのに必要な前記水室の冷却水流量、前記水室の入口の冷却水温度、前記水室の出口の冷却水温度および前記復水器のホットウェル内の復水の温度を測定して容易に管清浄度を算出して、この算出された各水室の管清浄度を比較し、相対的に管清浄度が低下している水室を特定し、この特定された水室を有する復水器室に空気吸い込みが発生していると推定することができる。 Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 is an apparatus used in the method for specifying the air suction portion of the condenser according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water for each water chamber is an element for calculating pipe cleanliness. A flow rate measuring means, a cooling water temperature measuring means at the inlet of each water chamber, a cooling water temperature measuring means at the outlet of each water chamber, and a condensate temperature measuring means in a hot well of the condenser, Using the measured values of each means, the surface area of the water chamber of the condenser is A, the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the water chamber is Tin, the cooling water temperature at the outlet of the water chamber is Tout, The temperature of the condensate in the hot well is Thw, and the design value of the rate at which heat passes through the surface of the water chamber from the condenser into the water chamber is defined as the reference heat transmissivity.

The pipe cleanliness calculating means for automatically calculating the pipe cleanliness and the condenser room having a water chamber in which the calculated pipe cleanliness of each water chamber is compared and the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered. It is the identification apparatus of the air suction site | part of a condenser characterized by including the condenser room identification means which identifies this.
This makes it possible to calculate the water flow rate of the water chamber, the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the water chamber, the cooling water temperature at the outlet of the water chamber, and the condenser. Measure the temperature of condensate in the hot well to easily calculate the tube cleanliness, compare the calculated tube cleanliness of each water chamber, and the water chamber in which the tube cleanliness is relatively low It is possible to estimate that air is sucked into the condenser chamber having the specified water chamber.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily identify the condenser chamber in which air is sucked in the plurality of condenser chambers of the condenser.
Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, when the condenser has a plurality of condenser chambers, the air suction that causes a decrease in the pipe cleanliness of the water chamber is caused by the plant having the condenser. Air is sucked into a condenser room (including steam piping connected to the condenser room) that is estimated to be caused by the operation and is operated when the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered. Since it is estimated that this phenomenon has occurred, the inspection site can be further narrowed down.
Further, according to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, whether the air suction phenomenon occurs on the side of the air extraction member of the condenser chamber or the air extraction of the condenser chamber. It can be easily estimated whether it occurs on the side opposite to the member side.
Further, the device for specifying the air suction portion of the condenser according to the invention of claim 4 is simple in configuration, and by using this device, the condenser that causes air suction in a plurality of condenser chambers is used. The water chamber can be easily identified.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a device for identifying an air suction part of the condenser of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the air suction part. The identification method is shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the condenser 1 is provided with two condenser chambers (A condenser room 10 and B condenser room 20) which are evacuated and divided by a partition wall 2. Note that the A condenser chamber 10 portion of the partition wall 2 is denoted by 2a, and the B condenser chamber 20 portion of the partition wall 2 is denoted by 2b. Furthermore, the communication part 3 which connects A condenser room 10 and B condenser room 20 is formed. The communication part 3 can eliminate the pressure difference between the A condenser chamber 10 and the B condenser chamber 20.
The A condenser chamber 10 is provided with an inlet 13 for taking in steam discharged from a steam turbine (not shown), and the B condenser chamber 20 is provided with an inlet 23 for taking in steam discharged from the steam turbine or the like. . An arrow 14 indicates the direction of the flow of steam flowing into the intake port 13, and an arrow 24 indicates the direction of the flow of steam flowing into the intake port 23. A hot well 15 is formed at the lower end of the A condenser chamber 10, and a hot well 25 is formed at the lower end of the B condenser chamber 20.
Furthermore, the A condenser chamber 10 has an A water chamber 11 and a B water chamber 12, and the B condenser chamber 20 has a C water chamber 21 and a D water chamber 22. Each of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 has a box shape, and a plurality of cooling water pipes (not shown) are attached to each of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22. Cooling water such as seawater flows through the water chambers 11, 12, 21, 22 and a plurality of cooling water pipes connected to the water chambers 11, 12, 21, 22. The arrows 11a, 12a, 21a, and 22a indicate the directions of cooling water flowing through the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22, respectively.

The steam introduced into the A condenser chamber 10 is cooled by a cooling water pipe connected to each of the water chambers 11 and 12, condensed in the hot well 15, and the steam introduced into the B condenser chamber 20 is The water is cooled by a cooling water pipe connected to each of the water chambers 21, 22, condensed in the hot well 25.
Condensate accumulated in the hot wells 15 and 25 is taken out of the condenser chambers 10 and 20 by a drain pipe (not shown), heated by a heating means (not shown), and becomes steam again. It becomes a driving source.

  A vacuum pump 30 for evacuating the condenser chambers 10 and 20 is connected to the rear side of the A condenser chamber 10 by the air extraction pipe 31 (the cooling water inlet side of the water chambers 11 and 12) and the B condenser. Connected to the rear side of the water chamber 20 (the cooling water inlet side of each water chamber 21, 22), a vacuum regulating valve 32 that adjusts the degree of vacuum of each condenser chamber 10, 20 is provided with a B 33 by a pipe 33. It is connected to the rear portion of the water chamber 20 shown in the figure.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling water flow rate measuring means 41 of each water chamber 11, 12, 21, 22, the cooling water temperature measuring means 42 on the cooling water inlet side of each water chamber 11, 12, 21, 22, The cooling water temperature measuring means 43 on the cooling water outlet side of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, 22 and the condensate temperature measuring means 44 in each hot well 15, 25 are respectively connected to the interface 53 of the computer system 50. . The computer system 50 includes a calculation means 51 such as a CPU, an input means 52, a memory 54, and an output means 55 in addition to the interface 53, and the pipe cleanliness calculation means and the condenser specifying means referred to in the present invention. It constitutes. The input means 52, the interface 53, the memory 54, and the output means 55 are connected to the calculation means 51. The memory 54 includes a program storage unit 54a and a data storage unit 54b for storing a program for executing the pipe cleanliness calculation formula of [Formula 1] and a program for executing the flowchart of FIG.

前記管清浄度を各水室１１、１２、２１、２２ごとに自動的に算出する（管清浄度算出手段）。 The apparatus for identifying the air suction portion of the condenser having the above-described configuration operates as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
First, while each condenser room 10, 20 and each water chamber 11, 12, 21, 22 is in operation, the cooling water flow rate measuring means 41, the cooling water temperature measuring means 42 at the inlet of each water chamber, and each water chamber The measured values of the outlet coolant temperature measuring means 43 and the condensate temperature measuring means 44 in the hot wells 15 and 25 are stored in the data storage section 54 b of the memory 54 via the interface 53 and the calculating means 51. Then, the calculation means 51 uses the measured values stored in the data storage unit 54b by the program stored in the program storage unit 54a of the memory 54, and the water chambers 11, 12, 21, 22 of A to D are used. The tube cleanliness is calculated (step S1).
In this case, the surface area of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 is A, the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 is Tin, and the cooling of the outlets of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 is performed. The water temperature is Tout, the condensate temperature in the hot wells 15 and 25 is Thw, and the water chambers 11 and 12 pass from the condenser chambers 10 and 20 through the surfaces of the water chambers 11, 12, 21 and 22. , 21, and 22 are the design values of the rate of heat flow into the reference heat flow rate.

The pipe cleanliness is automatically calculated for each of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 (pipe cleanliness calculation means).

Next, a water chamber having a relatively low pipe cleanliness among the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 is specified (step S2). Thereby, the condenser room which has the water room where the pipe cleanliness is falling relatively is specified (condenser specifying means). In this case, the determination in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 is performed, and air is sucked into the condenser chamber (10 or 20) having the water chamber (11, 12, 21 or 22) in which the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered. Is output and the output means 55 outputs the estimation result (step S4).
Further, the variation in the tube cleanliness of each water chamber 11, 12, 21, 22 (difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the tube cleanliness) is calculated (step S3). In this case, the determination in the front-rear direction in FIG. 1 is performed, and when the variation becomes larger than usual, the side opposite to the air extraction pipe 31 side of each condenser chamber 10, 20 (the front side in FIG. 1). It is estimated that air suction has occurred, and the output means 55 outputs the estimation result (step S4). Here, since the air that has entered the condenser chamber 10 or 20 is discharged to the outside of the condenser chamber 10 or 20 through the air extraction pipe 31, the air that has entered the condenser chamber 10 enters the air extraction pipe from the place where it has entered. It will flow toward the 31 side (the rear side in FIG. 1). Therefore, when air suction occurs on the side opposite to the air extraction pipe 31 (the front side in FIG. 1), the air flow that has entered the condenser chamber is greater than when air suction occurs on the air extraction pipe 31 side. It is considered that the range in contact with the surface of a specific cooling water pipe is increased, and it can be considered that the reduction of the pipe cleanliness of the water chamber is large, so that the front-rear direction in FIG. 1 can be determined. It should be noted that whether or not the variation in tube cleanliness (difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of tube cleanliness) is larger than normal is determined by a threshold value (depending on the plant, for example, about 0.06 to 0.08). ) Can be considered based on whether or not it exceeds.
Thereby, it can be specified whether the air suction is occurring in any part of the condenser chambers 10 and 20 where the air suction is occurring.
It should be noted that the combination of the determination in the left-right direction and the determination in the front-rear direction described above makes it easier to identify the site where air inhalation occurs.

On the other hand, the change with time of the pipe cleanliness of each of the water chambers 11, 12, 21, and 22 in operation is recorded (step S5). Then, after the condenser room is specified in step S2, it is determined from this record when the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered, and the operation operation history of the plant incorporating the condenser at that time is determined. (Including the operation, maintenance and repair of the plant, for example, the opening and closing of a valve (not shown) of the condenser chambers 10 and 20, the repair of the pipe, etc.) (see step S6), the relative A portion of the operation history of the condenser chambers 10 and 20 in which the pipe cleanliness has been lowered is changed (not shown connected to the intake ports 13 and 23 of the condenser chambers 10 and 20). It is estimated that air suction has occurred at the time when the operation history has changed in the piping for steam and its valve), and the output means 55 outputs the estimation result (step S7).
In addition, by combining the determination in the front-rear direction described above with the determination based on the driving operation history, even when there are a plurality of estimation results of the air suction site based on the driving operation history, the air suction is truly out of the plurality of candidates. It is easy to estimate the site where it occurs.

As a result, the interior is evacuated and is composed of condenser chambers 10 and 20 divided by the partition wall 2, and the condenser 1 having the water chambers 11 and 21 in the condenser chambers 10 and 20 is in operation. The water cleanliness of each of the water chambers 11 and 21 is measured, the measured tube cleanliness of each of the water chambers 11 and 21 is compared, and the water cleanliness 11 and 21 and the like in which the tube cleanliness is relatively lowered Since the condenser chamber 10 or 20 having the most is affected by the air suction most easily when the air suction is generated in the water chambers 11, 21, etc. in which the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered. Can be estimated.
Furthermore, the change over time of the pipe cleanliness of each water chamber 11, 21, etc. during operation of the condenser 1 is recorded, and the operation history of the plant at the time when the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered is referred to. It can be easily estimated that air suction due to the operation occurs at the site where the condenser chamber 10 or 20 in which the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered has been operated.
Furthermore, when the variation in the pipe cleanliness of the water chambers 11, 21, etc. becomes large, the air flow caused by air suction flows to the surface of the specific water chamber, and the condenser chamber 10, As a result, the pipe cleanliness of the specific water chambers 11, 21 and the like is lowered. For this reason, when the variation in pipe cleanliness of the water chambers 11 and 21 is larger than usual, air suction is occurring on the side opposite to the air extraction pipe 31 side of the condenser chambers 10 and 20. Further estimation can be made.

In the above embodiment, the condenser 1 has the two condenser chambers 10 and 20, but is not limited to this, and the condenser 1 has a plurality of condenser chambers. If it is.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, the communication part 3 does not need to be.
In addition, each condenser chamber 10, 20 has two water chambers 11, 21, etc., but is not limited to this, as long as it has at least one water chamber.
Moreover, although the air extraction pipe | tube 31 is used, it is not limited to this, What is necessary is just an air extraction member which forms the air path which can connect the vacuum pump 30 and the condenser chambers 10 and 20. FIG.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the condenser which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detection apparatus of the air suction of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the detection method of the air suction of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Condenser 2 Bulkhead 10 A Condenser room 11 A Water room 12 B Water room 14 Arrow 15 Hot well 20 B Condenser room 21 C Water room 22 D Water room 24 Arrow 25 Hot well 30 Vacuum pump 31 Air extraction Tube (Air extraction member)
41 Cooling water flow rate measuring means 42 Cooling water temperature measuring means at the water chamber inlet 43 Cooling water temperature measuring means at the water chamber outlet 44 Condensate temperature measuring means in the hot well 50 Computer system

Claims (4)

The condenser chamber is divided into a plurality of condenser chambers that are evacuated and divided by partition walls, each condenser chamber having at least one water chamber, and steam introduced into the plurality of condenser chambers In a condenser that cools with a cooling water pipe connected to the chamber and condenses,
Measure the tube cleanliness of each water chamber in operation, compare the measured tube cleanliness of each water chamber, and place air in the condenser chamber having the water chamber where the tube cleanliness is relatively lowered. A method of identifying the air intake area of a condenser that is presumed that suction has occurred. The condenser chamber is divided into a plurality of condenser chambers that are evacuated and divided by partition walls, each condenser chamber having at least one water chamber, and steam introduced into the plurality of condenser chambers In a condenser that cools with a cooling water pipe connected to the chamber and condenses,
A condenser room having a water chamber in which the tube cleanliness of each water chamber in operation is measured over time, and the measured tube cleanliness of each water chamber is compared and the tube cleanliness is relatively lowered. As well as
Referring to the operation history of the plant in which the condenser is incorporated at the time when the pipe cleanliness is relatively low, the relative pipe of the condenser room where the pipe cleanliness is relatively low A method of identifying an air suction portion of a condenser that estimates that air suction has occurred at a portion that has been operated when the cleanliness level has decreased. A method for identifying an air suction portion of a condenser according to claim 1 or 2,
When comparing the tube cleanliness of each water chamber, the variation in the tube cleanliness of each water chamber is obtained, and when the variation becomes larger than usual, the condenser chamber of the condenser chamber is evacuated. A method for specifying an air suction portion of a condenser, further estimating that air suction has occurred on the side opposite to the air extraction member side. It is an apparatus used for the identification method of the air suction site | part of the condenser of Claim 1, Comprising:
Cooling water flow rate measuring means for each water chamber, cooling water temperature measuring means for inlet of each water chamber, cooling water temperature measuring means for outlet of each water chamber, and condenser Condensate temperature measuring means in the hot well of
Further, using the measured values of the above means, the surface area of the water chamber of the condenser is A, the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the water chamber is Tin, the cooling water temperature at the outlet of the water chamber is Tout, The temperature of the condensate in the water well hot water is Thw, and the design value of the rate at which heat passes from the condenser through the surface of the water chamber to the water chamber is defined as the reference heat transmissivity.

The pipe cleanliness calculating means for automatically calculating the pipe cleanliness and the condenser room having a water chamber in which the calculated pipe cleanliness of each water chamber is compared and the pipe cleanliness is relatively lowered. An apparatus for identifying an air suction portion of a condenser, comprising a condenser chamber identifying means for identifying the condenser.

Images