JP6480213B2 - Apparatus state detection apparatus and apparatus state detection method for steam system - Google Patents

Description

  The present application relates to a device state detection apparatus and device state detection method for a fluid device provided in a steam system.

  For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a steam system (steam heating device) that heats an object with steam is known. The steam system includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the steam and an object, and a drain storage section (header tank). In this steam system, steam flowing in the heat exchanger dissipates heat to the object and condenses to become drain (condensate). Thereby, a target object is heated (latent heat heating). And the drain which generate | occur | produced with the heat exchanger is sent to a storage part via a steam trap, and is stored. The drain of the storage part is returned to the water supply tank or discharged to the outside according to the temperature. The drain returned to the water supply tank is regenerated into steam.

JP 2013-169477 A

  In the steam system as described above, there is a demand for confirming the operation state (performance or abnormal state) of a fluid device such as a heat exchanger or a steam trap. For example, in the case of a heat exchanger, it is conceivable to check the operation state (performance) of the heat exchanger based on the flow rate of drain (condensate) flowing out from the heat exchanger. However, since the drain flowing out from the heat exchanger is in a saturated state, in reality, a gas-liquid mixed fluid of steam and drain flows on the downstream side of the heat exchanger. Therefore, it is substantially difficult to detect the flow rate of only the drain that is the liquid phase in the gas-liquid mixed fluid with a general flow meter. Therefore, it becomes difficult to confirm the operation state (performance) of the heat exchanger.

  Further, it is not easy to quickly find an abnormal state of the steam trap (for example, a leak state in which the drain discharge amount is larger than the inflow amount or a clogged state in which the drain discharge amount is smaller than the inflow amount). That is, similarly to the above, since the gas-liquid mixed fluid of steam and drain actually flows on the upstream side of the steam trap, it is practically difficult to detect the flow rate of only the drain. In addition, only the liquid phase drain is discharged from the steam trap, but a portion of the drain is re-evaporated (flashed) immediately after the discharge, and as a result, the vapor and liquid vapor and drain also downstream of the steam trap. The mixed fluid flows. Therefore, it is difficult to detect the flow rate of only the liquid phase drain even downstream of the steam trap. Therefore, it becomes difficult to detect the inflow amount and the discharge amount of the drain in the steam trap, and it becomes difficult to find the operation state (abnormal state) as described above.

  The technology disclosed in the present application has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a device state detection device and a device state detection method capable of detecting an operation state of a fluid device such as a heat exchanger in a steam system. There is.

  The technology disclosed in the present application is a steam use part that dissipates heat and condenses on an object, and a drain that is generated by condensation of the steam and flows out of the steam use part flows in, and expands the drain to generate power. A steam system having an expander to be operated and a generator driven by power generated by the expander, and an apparatus state detection device for a steam system that detects an operation state of a fluid device provided in the steam system . The apparatus state detection apparatus of the steam system of this application detects the operation state of the said fluid apparatus based on the electric power generation amount of the said generator.

  In addition, the technology disclosed in the present application includes a steam using part that dissipates heat and condenses steam on an object, and a drain that is generated by condensation of the steam and flows out from the steam using part. The present invention relates to a device state detection method for a steam system that detects an operating state of a fluid device provided in the steam system in a steam system having an expander that generates gas and a generator that is driven by power generated by the expander It is said. The apparatus state detection method of the steam system of this application detects the operation state of the said fluid apparatus based on the electric power generation amount of the said generator.

  As described above, according to the technique disclosed in the present application, the operating state of a fluid device such as a steam using unit is detected based on the power generation amount of the generator. Therefore, the flow rate of the drain that flows into the expander and the flow rate of the drain that flows out from the steam using part can be estimated based on the power generation amount. Therefore, it is possible to confirm the operating state (performance or abnormal state) of the fluid equipment such as the steam using part.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a steam system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the correlation between the drain inflow amount of the expander and the power generation amount. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the steam system according to the first embodiment . Figure 4 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a steam system according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the steam system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a steam system according to Reference Embodiment 2 . Figure 7 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a steam system according to a modification of the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiments are essentially preferable examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, applications thereof, or uses thereof.

(Embodiment 1)
A first embodiment of the present application will be described. The steam system 1 of this embodiment heats an object with steam (saturated steam). As shown in FIG. 1, the steam system 1 includes a steam piping system 10 through which steam flows. The steam piping system 10 includes a steam generation unit 21, a heat exchanger 22, a steam trap 23, an expander 30, and a generator 34. The steam system 1 is provided with a drain flow rate detection device 40, which constitutes a device state detection device according to the claims of the present application. Further, the heat exchanger 22, the steam trap 23, and the expander 30 each constitute a fluid device in the steam system 1.

  The steam generation unit 21 generates water (saturated steam) by heating water. The heat exchanger 22 has a first flow path 22a on the heat source side and a second flow path 22b on the usage side. One end of the first flow path 22 a is connected to the steam generation part 21 via the inflow pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the inlet part 23 a of the steam trap 23 via the outflow pipe 12. The second flow path 22 b has one end connected to the inflow pipe 61 and the other end connected to the outflow pipe 62.

  In the heat exchanger 22, steam is supplied from the steam generation unit 21 to the first flow path 22a, and an object is supplied from the inflow pipe 61 to the second flow path 22b. And in the heat exchanger 22, the vapor | steam of the 1st flow path 22a is thermally radiated and condensed to the target object of the 2nd flow path 22b, and a target object is heated. The steam becomes drain (condensate) by condensing. That is, the heat exchanger 22 is a latent heat exchanger that heats an object by latent heat of condensation of the steam (latent heat heating), and constitutes a steam using unit according to the claims of the present application. The drain condensed in the heat exchanger 22 and the heated object flow out to the outflow pipes 12 and 62, respectively.

  The inflow pipe 11 is provided with an on-off valve 51 and a high pressure side pressure sensor 52. The on-off valve 51 permits or stops the supply of steam from the steam generating unit 21 to the heat exchanger 22 by performing an opening / closing operation. The high pressure side pressure sensor 52 detects the pressure of the steam flowing through the inflow pipe 11.

  In the steam trap 23, drain (condensate) generated by condensation of steam in the heat exchanger 22 or drain mixed with steam (condensate) flows through the inlet 23 a. The steam trap 23 automatically discharges only the drained water from the outlet 23b.

  The expander 30 is connected to the outlet 23 b of the steam trap 23 through the inflow pipe 13. That is, in the steam piping system 10, the steam trap 23 is provided between the heat exchanger 22 and the expander 30, and the steam trap 23 constitutes a drain supply unit that discharges only the drain toward the expander 30. Yes.

  The expander 30 is a scroll expander having a casing 31 and an expansion mechanism 32 accommodated in the casing 31. Although not shown, the expansion mechanism 32 has a fixed scroll wrap and a movable scroll (orbiting scroll) wrap that mesh with each other to form an expansion chamber. The inflow pipe 13 is connected to the inlet 32a of the expansion mechanism 32, and the outflow pipe 14 is connected to the outlet 32b. The expansion mechanism 32 is provided with an output shaft 33.

  In the expansion mechanism 32, the drain discharged from the outlet 23b of the steam trap 23, that is, the drain generated by the condensation of the steam in the heat exchanger 22, flows into the expansion chamber from the inlet 32a. The expansion mechanism 32 is configured to generate power by expanding the drain that has flowed into the expansion chamber. Specifically, when the drain that is a liquid phase flows into the expansion chamber, the pressure decreases because the outlet portion 32b has a lower pressure than the inlet portion 32a (for example, when the outflow pipe 14 is open to the atmosphere). Therefore, it re-evaporates (flashes) to become vapor that is in the gas phase again. That is, the volume of the drain expands. The volume of the expansion chamber increases with the volume expansion of the drain, and the output shaft 33 is rotationally driven by the increase in the volume of the expansion chamber. That is, in the expansion mechanism 32, rotational power is generated by re-evaporating (flushing) the drain and transmitted to the output shaft 33.

  Thus, although the drain which is a liquid phase flows in into the expander 30, since the drain is a saturated state, drain can be easily re-evaporated (flushed) by pressure drop. As a result, the drain can be easily expanded. The expanded drain (that is, steam) flows out to the outflow pipe 14 from the outlet portion 32b. The outflow pipe 14 is provided with a low-pressure side pressure sensor 53 that detects the pressure of the expanded drain that has flowed out of the expander 30.

  Strictly speaking, some of the drain discharged from the outlet 23b of the steam trap 23 is re-evaporated (flashed) while flowing through the inflow pipe 13, so that the expander 30 has some steam together with the drain. (Flash steam) flows in. In the expander 30, not only the drained drain but also the steam expands, and the volume of the expansion chamber increases.

  The generator 34 has a drive shaft 35 connected to the output shaft 33 of the expander 30. The generator 34 is driven by the output shaft 33 of the expander 30 to generate power. That is, in the steam system 1, the power generated by the expander 30 is used as a drive source for the generator 34.

  As described above, the steam system 1 of the present embodiment includes the expander 30 that flows in the drain (condensate) generated by the condensation of steam in the heat exchanger 22 and expands the drain to generate power. Therefore, new power can be generated using the drain generated in the heat exchanger 22.

  Since the generator 34 is connected to the output shaft 33 of the expander 30, the generator 34 can be driven by the rotational power generated by the expander 30. And the energy saving of the whole apparatus can be aimed at by supplying the electric power generated with the generator 34 to the electric motor etc. which are used for the steam system 1. FIG.

<Configuration of flow rate detection device and flow rate detection method>
The configuration and operation (flow rate detection method) of the flow rate detection device 40 will be described. The flow rate detection device 40 detects the operation state (performance) of the heat exchanger 22 by detecting the flow rate of the drain flowing out from the heat exchanger 22. The flow rate detection device 40 includes a valve state acquisition unit 41, a differential pressure calculation unit 42, a power generation amount acquisition unit 43, and a flow rate calculation unit 44. Note that the flow rate detection method by the flow rate detection device 40 constitutes a device state detection method according to the claims of the present application.

  The valve state acquisition unit 41 automatically receives the open / close state of the open / close valve 51. That is, the valve state acquisition unit 41 acquires whether the on-off valve 51 is open or closed. The differential pressure calculation unit 42 acquires the steam pressure detected by the high-pressure side pressure sensor 52 and the expanded drain pressure detected by the low-pressure side pressure sensor 53. Then, the differential pressure calculation unit 42 calculates a pressure difference between the acquired two pressures. The power generation amount acquisition unit 43 acquires the power generation amount of the generator 34. The flow rate calculation unit 44 is configured to calculate the flow rate of the drain that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 22 based on the information acquired and calculated by the valve state acquisition unit 41, the differential pressure calculation unit 42, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 43. ing.

  Specifically, the detection operation (flow rate detection method) by the flow rate detection device 40 will be described. During the operation of the steam system 1, steam is supplied from the steam generation unit 21 to the heat exchanger 22 by opening the on-off valve 51. And the valve state acquisition part 41 acquires the open state of the on-off valve 51 (valve state detection step). Further, the pressure of the steam flowing through the inflow pipe 11 is detected by the high-pressure sensor 52, and the differential pressure calculation unit 42 acquires the detected pressure (differential pressure calculation step). Here, since the pressure of the steam flowing through the inflow pipe 11 and the pressure of the drain flowing through the outflow pipe 12 are substantially the same, the detected pressure of the high pressure side pressure sensor 52 is also the pressure of the drain flowing through the outflow pipe 12. Then, the drain that has flowed out of the steam trap 23 flows into the expander 30 and expands, whereby the generator 34 is driven. The power generation amount acquisition unit 43 acquires the power generation amount generated by the generator 34 (power generation amount detection step). Further, the pressure of the expanded drain that has flowed out of the expander 30 into the outflow pipe 14 is detected by the low-pressure side pressure sensor 53, and the differential pressure calculation unit 42 acquires the detected pressure. Then, the differential pressure calculation unit 42 calculates the pressure difference between the acquired two pressures (differential pressure calculation step).

  The flow rate calculation unit 44 calculates the flow rate of the drain that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 22 based on the information acquired and calculated by the valve state acquisition unit 41, the differential pressure calculation unit 42, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 43. (Flow rate calculation step). The flow rate mentioned here means a mass flow rate. Further, the flow rate of the drain that flows out from the heat exchanger 22 is the flow rate of the drain that is the liquid phase that flows through the outflow pipe 12 (that is, the flow rate of the drain that is the liquid phase that flows into the steam trap 23 from the outflow pipe 12). This is also the flow rate of drain which is a liquid phase flowing out from the steam trap 23 to the inflow pipe 13. For example, in the float type steam trap 23, the drain is stored up to a certain amount, and when the drain exceeding the certain amount flows, the excess drain flows out. Accordingly, when viewed as an average flow rate over a long period of time, it can be said that the drain flow rate of the liquid phase flowing into the steam trap 23 and the drain flow rate of the liquid phase flowing out of the steam trap 23 are equivalent to each other.

  The flow rate calculation unit 44 has correlation data (graph of FIG. 2) between the inflow amount (mass flow rate) of drain per unit time in the expander 30 and the power generation amount of the generator 34 in advance. In the graph of FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents the inflow amount (kg / h) of drain per unit time in the expander 30 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the drain inflow amount of the expander 30), and the horizontal axis represents the generator 34. Of power generation (W). Here, the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 is an inflow amount (mass flow rate) that is a combination of the inflow amount of drain that is a liquid phase and the inflow amount of steam that is a gas phase (flash steam). A plurality of pieces of correlation data are provided according to the pressure difference between the pressure of the drain that flows out from the heat exchanger 22 and the pressure of the drain that has flowed out of the expander 30. That is, the flow rate calculation unit 44 has correlation data for each high and low pressure difference of the drain.

  In the flow rate calculation step, first, it is recognized that the flow rate of the drain can be calculated on the assumption that steam and drain are flowing in the steam piping system 10 with the open state acquired by the valve state acquisition unit 41. When this recognition is performed, correlation data corresponding to the pressure difference calculated by the differential pressure calculation unit 42 is extracted from the plurality of correlation data. If the valve state acquisition unit 41 has acquired the closed state, the flow rate calculation step is terminated assuming that the drain flow rate cannot be calculated. When the corresponding correlation data is extracted, the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 corresponding to the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit 43 is extracted based on the extracted correlation data. Then, the extracted drain inflow amount is calculated as the flow rate of the drain flowing out from the heat exchanger 22. Thus, the flow rate calculation step ends.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the operating state of the heat exchanger 22 is detected based on the power generation amount of the generator 34. Specifically, in the first embodiment, the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 corresponding to the detected power generation amount is calculated based on the correlation data between the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 and the power generation amount of the generator 34. It was calculated as the flow rate of drain that flowed out of the tank. That is, as described above, a part of the drain discharged from the steam trap 23 is re-evaporated (flushed) and flows into the expander 30, so that the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 (liquid phase drain inflow amount and gas phase The sum of the phase vapor inflows) corresponds to the flow rate of the liquid phase drain flowing into the steam trap 23, that is, the flow rate of the liquid phase drain flowing out of the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 can be set to the flow rate of the drain that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, it becomes possible to detect the flow rate of the drain that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, for example, even when output information such as the temperature of the object cannot be obtained, the operating state (performance) of the heat exchanger 22 can be confirmed.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, a plurality of correlation data is calculated according to the pressure difference between the pressure of the drain flowing out from the heat exchanger 22 and the pressure of the drain after expansion flowing out from the expander 30. Correlation data corresponding to the pressure difference of the drain was selected. Therefore, for example, even when the outflow pipe 14 is connected to another steam piping system and the pressure of the outflow pipe 14 (that is, the pressure of the drained water flowing out from the expander 30) varies depending on the operating conditions of the steam piping system. Thus, it is possible to appropriately calculate the flow rate of the drain that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 22. When the pressure in the outflow pipe 14 fluctuates, the pressure difference between the pressure and the pressure in the inflow pipe 11 (that is, the pressure of the drain flowing out from the heat exchanger 22) changes. The re-evaporation rate of the drain that flows in the expander 30 varies depending on the pressure difference. That is, if the pressure difference is large, the reevaporation rate is high, and if the pressure difference is small, the reevaporation rate is low. Therefore, in the expander 30, even if the drain inflow amount is the same, the expansion rate varies depending on the pressure difference, and as a result, the power generation amount varies. That is, the correlation between the drain inflow amount of the expander 30 and the power generation amount varies depending on the pressure difference. In consideration of this point, in the first embodiment, a plurality of correlation data corresponding to the pressure difference is provided in advance, and correlation data corresponding to the calculated pressure difference is selected. It can be calculated appropriately.

( Reference form 1 )
Reference form 1 of the present application will be described. In the present embodiment , as shown in FIG. 3, a flash tank 24 is provided between the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 in the steam piping system 10 of the first embodiment.

  The flash tank 24 has an inlet 24 a connected to the steam trap 23 through the inflow pipe 15. The drain discharged from the steam trap 23, that is, the drain (condensate) generated by the condensation of the steam in the heat exchanger 22 flows into the flash tank 24 through the inlet 24a. The flash tank 24 is configured to evaporate part of the drained drain. The inside of the flash tank 24 has a low-pressure atmosphere having a pressure lower than that of the high-pressure drain flowing out from the heat exchanger 22 by providing the steam trap 23 on the upstream side. In the flash tank 24, a part of the drained water is re-evaporated (flashed) by decompression to become low-pressure steam (flash steam), and the remaining drain becomes low-pressure drain. That is, the drain is depressurized and the temperature (saturation temperature) is lowered, and the heat corresponding to the lowered temperature is used as the latent heat of evaporation of the drain. Thus, the flash tank 24 is divided into a liquid layer of low-pressure drain and a gas layer of low-pressure steam.

  The flash tank 24 is provided with a first outlet portion 24b that communicates with the liquid layer of low-pressure drain and a second outlet portion 24c that communicates with the gas layer of low-pressure steam. The first outlet portion 24 b is connected to the expander 30 via the drain discharge pipe 16. One end of the steam exhaust pipe 17 is connected to the second outlet 24c, and the other end of the steam exhaust pipe 17 is connected to a low pressure line. The drain discharge pipe 16 discharges low-pressure drain from the flash tank 24, and the steam discharge pipe 17 discharges low-pressure steam from the flash tank 24. The steam discharge pipe 17 is provided with a check valve 27 that allows only a flow toward the low pressure line. Although not shown, the low-pressure steam that has flowed through the low-pressure line is supplied to, for example, a low-pressure heat exchanger and dissipates heat to an object that is different from the object that flows through the heat exchanger 22 and is condensed.

In the steam piping system 10 of the present embodiment , low-pressure drain discharged from the first outlet portion 24b of the flash tank 24 flows into the expansion chamber of the expander 30, and power is generated by expanding the drained drain. That is, in this reference embodiment , the flash tank 24 constitutes a drain supply unit that discharges only the drain toward the expander 30. The flash tank 24 is provided with a liquid level gauge 25 and a pressure gauge 26. The liquid level gauge 25 measures the liquid level height of the low pressure drain in the flash tank 24, and the pressure gauge 26 measures the pressure of the low pressure steam in the flash tank 24 (corresponding to the internal pressure of the flash tank 24).

In the steam system 1 of the present embodiment , the drain generated in the heat exchanger 22 is re-evaporated (flashed) in the flash tank 24, and the low-pressure steam is supplied to the low-pressure line and reused as a heat source. Therefore, a part of the heat of the drain generated in the heat exchanger 22 can be recovered, so that energy saving can be achieved.

And also in this reference form , similarly to the said Embodiment 1, in the flow volume calculation part 44 of the flow volume detection apparatus 40, each of the valve state acquisition part 41, the differential pressure calculation part 42, and the electric power generation amount acquisition part 43 which were acquired and calculated Based on the information, the flow rate of the drain flowing out of the heat exchanger 22 is calculated. In the present embodiment , the flow rate of drain that flows out from the heat exchanger 22 is the flow rate of drain that is the liquid phase that flows through the outflow tube 12 (that is, the flow rate of drain that is the liquid phase that flows into the steam trap 23 from the outflow tube 12). It is also the flow rate of the drain which is the liquid phase flowing out from the steam trap 23 to the inflow pipe 15. The flow rate of the drain (liquid phase drain and vapor phase vapor) flowing into the flash tank 24 is the flow rate of the liquid phase drain and vapor phase vapor flowing out of the flash tank 24. In the flash tank 24, the drain is stored up to a certain amount, and when the drain exceeding the certain amount flows, the excess drain flows out. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Modification of Embodiment 1 )
A description is given to a modification of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the present modification includes a plurality of (six in this modification) steam use systems and drains generated in the plurality of steam use systems in the steam piping system 10 of the first embodiment. A drain collecting unit 28 is provided.

  Specifically, each of the six steam use systems has a heat exchanger 22 and a steam trap 23. The steam generation unit 21 is connected to six steam usage systems via the inflow pipe 11. That is, the inflow pipe 11 is branched into six and connected to the steam use system. Moreover, in the inflow pipe 11 of this modification, the on-off valve 51 and the pressure sensor 52 are provided in the upstream part before branching into six. The number of steam use systems described above is merely an example.

  In each steam use system, the first flow path 22a of the heat exchanger 22 has one end connected to the steam generation unit 21 through the inflow pipe 11 and the other end through the outflow pipe 12 as in the first embodiment. Connected to the steam trap 23. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted about the 2nd flow path 22b of the heat exchanger 22 in FIG. 4, it is connected similarly to the said Embodiment 1. FIG.

  The drain collecting portion 28 is a relatively elongated tubular container. The drain collecting portion 28 is connected to each of the six steam use systems via the inflow pipe 18. That is, the inflow pipe 18 is connected between the outlet portion of the steam trap 23 and the drain collecting portion 28. In the drain collecting unit 28, the drain generated by the condensation of the steam in the heat exchanger 22 of each steam use system flows and gathers. The steam trap 23 discharges only the drain toward the drain collecting portion 28. A drain discharge pipe 19 is connected to the bottom of the drain collecting portion 28. The drain discharge pipe 19 discharges the drain and steam from the drain collecting portion 28.

  In the steam piping system 10 of this modification, the drain and steam discharged from the drain collecting portion 28 to the drain discharge pipe 19 flow into the expansion chamber of the expander 30, and power is generated by expanding the drained drain and the like. To do. That is, in this modification, the drain collecting unit 28 constitutes a drain supply unit that discharges the drain toward the expander 30.

  In the steam system 1 according to this modification, the drain collecting portion 28 is provided in which drains generated in a plurality of steam using systems having the heat exchanger 22 flow and gather, so that the piping connection is simplified and the apparatus is downsized. Can be achieved.

  Also in the present modification, as in the first embodiment, each of the flow rate calculation unit 44 of the flow rate detection device 40 acquired and calculated by the valve state acquisition unit 41, the differential pressure calculation unit 42, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 43. Based on the information, the flow rate of the drain is calculated. In this modification, the total flow rate of the drain that flows out from the plurality of heat exchangers 22 is calculated. The total flow rate of drain flowing out from the plurality of heat exchangers 22 is the total flow rate of drain that is the liquid phase flowing through the multiple outflow pipes 12 (that is, the total flow rate of drain that is the liquid phase flowing into the plurality of steam traps 23). And the total flow rate of drain which is a liquid phase flowing out from the plurality of steam traps 23. The total flow rate of the drain (liquid phase drain and vapor phase steam) flowing into the drain collecting portion 28 is the flow rate of the drain and steam flowing out from the drain collecting portion 28. In the drain collecting unit 28, the collected drain flows out more continuously and on average. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, in reality, a part of the vapor may be condensed in the inflow pipe 11 and the outflow pipe 12 to become drain. In the steam system 1 of the first embodiment, the drain that flows into the expander 30 includes not only the drain generated in the heat exchanger 22 but also the drain generated in the inflow pipe 11 and the outflow pipe 12.

(Embodiment 2)
A second embodiment of the present application will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the steam system 1 according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the configuration of the steam piping system 10 is changed and an abnormality diagnosis device 70 is provided instead of the flow rate detection device 40. It is. In the steam system 1 of the present embodiment, the abnormality diagnosis device 70 constitutes a device state detection device according to the claims of the present application. Here, differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  The inflow pipe 11 is provided with an on-off valve 51 and a pressure sensor 54. The on-off valve 51 permits or stops the steam supply from the steam generating unit 21 to the heat exchanger 22 by performing an opening / closing operation as in the first embodiment. The pressure sensor 54 detects the pressure of the steam flowing through the inflow pipe 11. The outflow pipe 62 is provided with a temperature sensor 55. The temperature sensor 55 detects the temperature of the object flowing through the outflow pipe 62. Other configurations in the steam piping system 10 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

<Configuration of abnormality diagnosis device and abnormality diagnosis method>
The configuration and operation (abnormality diagnosis method) of the abnormality diagnosis apparatus 70 will be described. The abnormality diagnosis device 70 detects an abnormal state (operating state) of the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 during the operation of the steam system 1. The abnormality diagnosis device 70 includes a valve state acquisition unit 71, a heat radiation amount information acquisition unit 72, a power generation amount acquisition unit 73, and an abnormality determination unit 74. Note that the abnormality diagnosis method by the abnormality diagnosis apparatus 70 constitutes a device state detection method according to the claims of the present application.

  The valve state acquisition unit 71 automatically receives the open / close state of the open / close valve 51. That is, the valve state acquisition unit 71 acquires whether the on-off valve 51 is in an open state or a closed state. The heat release amount information acquisition unit 72 acquires the temperature of the object detected by the temperature sensor 55 (hereinafter also referred to as the heating temperature of the object). The heating temperature of the object is one piece of information regarding the heat radiation amount of the steam in the heat exchanger 22. That is, if the heating temperature of the object is known, the heat release amount of the steam can be known. The power generation amount acquisition unit 73 acquires the power generation amount of the generator 34. The abnormality determination unit 74 is configured to determine an abnormal state of the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 based on information acquired by the valve state acquisition unit 71, the heat radiation amount acquisition unit 72, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 73. Yes.

  Specifically, the detection operation (abnormality diagnosis method) by the abnormality diagnosis device 70 will be described. During the operation of the steam system 1, steam is supplied from the steam generation unit 21 to the heat exchanger 22 by opening the on-off valve 51. And the valve state acquisition part 71 acquires the open state of the on-off valve 51 (valve state detection step). On the other hand, the object is supplied to the heat exchanger 22 through the inflow pipe 61. In the heat exchanger 22, the steam dissipates heat and condenses, and the object is heated and flows out to the outflow pipe 62. And the temperature of the target object which flows through the outflow pipe 62 is detected by the temperature sensor 55, and the heat radiation amount information acquisition part 72 acquires the detected temperature (heat radiation amount information detection step). The drain generated by the condensation of the steam in the heat exchanger 22 flows into the expander 30 through the steam trap 23. The drain that has flowed into the expander 30 expands, thereby driving the generator 34. The power generation amount acquisition unit 73 acquires the power generation amount generated by the generator 34 (power generation amount detection step).

  And in the abnormality determination part 74, whether the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 are in an abnormal state based on each information which the valve state acquisition part 71, the heat radiation amount information acquisition part 72, and the electric power generation amount acquisition part 73 acquired. Is determined (abnormality determination step). Here, the abnormal state of the steam trap 23 refers to, for example, a leakage state where the drain discharge amount increases with respect to the inflow amount in the steam trap 23 or a clogged state where the drain discharge amount decreases with respect to the inflow amount. . The abnormal state of the expander 30 refers to, for example, a state in which the rotation failure of the output shaft 33 occurs despite the drain appropriately flowing.

  The abnormality determination unit 74 has correlation data between the heating temperature of the object during normal operation and the amount of power generated by the generator 34 in advance. In the abnormality determination step, first, it is recognized that the steam system 1 is in operation with the open state acquired by the valve state acquisition unit 71. When this recognition is made, the abnormal state of the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 based on the relationship between the heating temperature of the object acquired by the heat radiation amount information acquisition unit 72 and the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit 73. Is judged. In addition, when the valve state acquisition part 71 is acquiring the closed state, the abnormality determination step is terminated because the steam system 1 is stopped.

  Specifically, in the abnormality determination step, the determination is performed by comparing the acquired relationship of the power generation amount with the heating temperature of the target object with the correlation data described above. Hereinafter, three determination cases will be described.

<Judgment Case 1>
When the acquired power generation value with respect to the acquired heating temperature of the object substantially matches the value in the correlation data, it is determined that the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 are not in an abnormal state.

<Judgment Case 2>
If the acquired power generation value with respect to the acquired heating temperature of the object is higher than the value in the correlation data, it is determined that the steam trap 23 is in an abnormal state. When the value of the power generation amount is higher than the value of the correlation data, it can be seen that the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is larger than the inflow amount during normal operation. Then, it can be seen that the amount of drain discharged from the steam trap 23 is larger than the amount during normal operation. As a result, the steam trap 23 is in an abnormal state (ie, a leak state) in which drain is flowing out more than necessary. It is judged that there is.

<Judgment Case 3>
When the acquired power generation value with respect to the acquired heating temperature of the object is lower than the value in the correlation data, it is determined that at least one of the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 is in an abnormal state. When the value of the power generation amount is lower than the value of the correlation data, it is conceivable that the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is smaller than the inflow amount during normal operation. As a result, it can be seen that the amount of drain discharged from the steam trap 23 is smaller than the amount during normal operation. The On the other hand, when the value of the power generation amount is lower than the value of the correlation data, the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is appropriate, but it is considered that the output shaft 33 of the expander 30 has caused a rotation failure. Then, it is determined that the expander 30 is in an abnormal state. Thus, the abnormality determination step ends.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the abnormal state (operating state) of the steam trap 23 is detected based on the power generation amount of the generator 34. Specifically, in the second embodiment, the steam trap 23 is in an abnormal state based on the relationship between the information regarding the heat dissipation amount of steam in the heat exchanger 22 (heating temperature of the object) and the power generation amount of the generator 34. Judgment whether or not there is. Therefore, it is possible to quickly detect an abnormal state such as a clogged state or a leaked state of the steam trap 23 without detecting the inflow / outflow amount of drain in the steam trap 23.

  Moreover, in the said Embodiment 2, not only the steam trap 23 but the expander 30 based on the relationship between the information regarding the heat dissipation amount of the steam in the heat exchanger 22 (the heating temperature of the object) and the power generation amount of the power generator 34. Since it is also possible to determine whether or not is in an abnormal state, it is possible to detect a wide range of abnormalities in the steam system 1.

( Reference form 2 )
Reference form 2 of the present application will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, in this reference embodiment , a flash tank 24 is provided between a steam trap 23 and an expander 30 in the steam piping system 10 of the second embodiment as in the first reference embodiment . It is.

Also in the present embodiment , as in the second embodiment , the abnormality determination unit 74 of the abnormality diagnosis device 70 is based on the respective information acquired by the valve state acquisition unit 71, the heat radiation amount information acquisition unit 72, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 73. Thus, it is determined whether or not the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 are in an abnormal state.

  That is, as in the case 2 described above, when the acquired power generation value with respect to the acquired heating temperature of the object is higher than the value in the correlation data, the amount of drain inflow in the expander 30 is that during normal operation. It can be seen that there is more than the inflow. Then, it can be seen that the amount of drain (low pressure drain) discharged from the flash tank 24 is larger than the amount during normal operation. As a result, the amount of drain discharged from the steam trap 23 is larger than the amount during normal operation. I understand that there are many. Therefore, it is determined that the steam trap 23 is in an abnormal state (ie, a leakage state) in which drain is flowing out more than necessary. In this case, in the flash tank 24, the amount of steam (low pressure steam) flowing out to the steam discharge pipe 17 is limited by the operating state of the low pressure line, so surplus steam (low pressure steam) flows into the drain discharge pipe 16 together with the drain. To do.

  In addition, as in the above-described determination case 3, when the power generation amount acquired with respect to the acquired heating temperature of the object is lower than the value in the correlation data, the amount of drain inflow in the expander 30 is that during normal operation. It may be less than the inflow. Then, it can be seen that the amount of drain discharged from the flash tank 24 is smaller than the amount during normal operation, and as a result, the amount of drain discharged from the steam trap 23 is smaller than the amount during normal operation. . Therefore, it is determined that the steam trap 23 is in an abnormal state (that is, a clogged state) in which drain does not easily flow out. On the other hand, when the value of the power generation amount is lower than the value of the correlation data, the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is appropriate, but it is considered that the output shaft 33 of the expander 30 has caused a rotation failure. Then, it is determined that the expander 30 is in an abnormal state. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the second embodiment.

(Modification of Embodiment 2 )
A description is given to a modification of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, in the steam piping system 10 of the second embodiment, the present modification is similar to the modification of the first embodiment, and a plurality (six in this modification) of steam use systems, A drain collecting portion 28 is provided in which drains generated in a plurality of steam use systems gather.

  In the inflow pipe 11 of this modification, an on-off valve 51 and a pressure sensor 54 are provided in the upstream portion before branching into six. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted about the 2nd flow path 22b and the temperature sensor 55 of each heat exchanger 22 in FIG. 7, it is connected similarly to the said Embodiment 2. FIG.

  Also in the present modification, as in the second embodiment, the abnormality determination unit 74 of the abnormality diagnosis device 70 is based on the information acquired by the valve state acquisition unit 71, the heat dissipation amount acquisition unit 72, and the power generation amount acquisition unit 73. Thus, it is determined whether or not the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 are in an abnormal state.

  Specifically, the heat release amount information acquisition unit 72 of the present modification acquires the heating temperatures of the objects detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 55 and calculates the average value of the acquired heating temperatures of the plurality of objects. (Heat release information detection step). The abnormality determination unit 74 of this modification has correlation data between the average value of the heating temperatures of a plurality of objects during normal operation and the power generation amount of the generator 34 in advance. In the abnormality determination step, the determination is made by comparing the relationship of the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit 73 with the average value of the heating temperature of the object calculated by the heat dissipation amount information acquisition unit 72 against the correlation data. Is called. Specifically, it is as follows.

  As in the case 1 described above, when the calculated power generation value with respect to the calculated average heating temperature of the target object substantially matches the value in the correlation data, the plurality of steam traps 23 and the expanders 30 are abnormal. It is determined that it is not in a state.

  As in the case 2 described above, when the power generation amount acquired with respect to the calculated average heating temperature of the object is higher than the value in the correlation data, any of the plurality of steam traps 23 is in an abnormal state. It is judged that there is. When the value of the power generation amount is higher than the value of the correlation data, it can be seen that the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is larger than the inflow amount during normal operation. Then, it can be seen that the amount of drain discharged from the drain collecting portion 28 is larger than the amount during normal operation, and as a result, the total amount of drain discharged from the plurality of steam traps 23 is larger than the amount during normal operation. I understand that. Therefore, any of the plurality of steam traps 23 is determined to be in an abnormal state (ie, a leakage state) in which drain is flowing out more than necessary.

  As in the case 3 described above, when the power generation amount acquired with respect to the calculated average heating temperature of the object is lower than the value in the correlation data, at least one of the steam trap 23 and the expander 30 is abnormal. It is determined that it is in a state. When the value of the power generation amount is lower than the value of the correlation data, it is conceivable that the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is smaller than the inflow amount during normal operation. Then, it can be seen that the amount of drain discharged from the drain collecting portion 28 is smaller than the amount during normal operation, and as a result, the total amount of drain discharged from the plurality of steam traps 23 is smaller than the amount during normal operation. I understand that. Therefore, it is determined that any of the plurality of steam traps 23 is in an abnormal state (that is, a clogged state) in which drain does not easily flow out. On the other hand, when the value of the power generation amount is lower than the value of the correlation data, the inflow amount of drain in the expander 30 is appropriate, but it is considered that the output shaft 33 of the expander 30 has caused a rotation failure. Then, it is determined that the expander 30 is in an abnormal state.

In the second embodiment of the definitive to Modification heat radiation amount information acquisition unit 72, but to calculate the average value of the heating temperature of the plurality of objects, the center of the heating temperature of the plurality of objects instead of this A value may be calculated. In this case, as a matter of course, the abnormality determination unit 74 has correlation data between the median heating temperature of the plurality of objects during normal operation and the power generation amount of the generator 34 in advance. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the second embodiment.

  In the said Embodiment 2, although the heating temperature (namely, detection temperature of the temperature sensor 55) of a target object was used as information regarding the heat dissipation of the vapor | steam in the heat exchanger 22, the technique disclosed by this application is not restricted to this. For example, in the technique disclosed in the present application, the pressure of the steam supplied to the heat exchanger 22 (that is, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 54, hereinafter also referred to as the pressure of the supplied steam) is used as information regarding the object. Also good. This is because the pressure of the supply steam is adjusted in accordance with the heating temperature of the object, and the pressure of the supply steam and the heating temperature of the object have a certain correlation. Therefore, the pressure of the supply steam can be used instead of the heating temperature of the object. In that case, the abnormality determination unit 74 has correlation data between the supply steam pressure during normal operation and the power generation amount of the generator 34 in advance, and compares the relationship between the acquired power generation amount and the supply steam pressure with the correlation data. By combining them, an abnormality is determined for the steam trap 23 and the expander 30.

  As another example, when the heat exchanger is an indirect heating type, the information on the heat radiation amount of the steam in the heat exchanger 22 may be the temperature of air or water that functions as a cushioning material in the heat exchanger, or heat exchange. When the vessel is a direct heating type such as a steam sterilizer, the temperature in the steam sterilizer may be used.

  Also in the second embodiment, in reality, some of the steam may be condensed in the inflow pipe 11 or the outflow pipe 12 to be drained, and the drain that flows into the expander 30 is generated in the heat exchanger 22. In addition to the drain, the drain generated in the inflow pipe 11 and the outflow pipe 12 is also included.

(Other embodiments)
The steam system 1 of the present application may be configured as follows in the above embodiment.

  First, in the above embodiment, a scroll type is used as the expander 30, but a so-called turbine type (also referred to as an expansion turbine) may be used. Although not shown, the expansion mechanism 32 of the turbine expander 30 includes a nozzle that communicates with the inlet portion 32 a and a turbine blade (impeller) that is coupled to the output shaft 33. In the expansion mechanism 32, the drain that flows in from the inlet 32a is ejected by the nozzle and collides with the turbine blade. The drain is accelerated and depressurized by passing through the nozzle. When the drain is depressurized, the volume expands by re-evaporating (flushing) as described in the above embodiment. In addition, since the drain is accelerated, the impulsive force of the drain with respect to the turbine blade increases. The turbine blades are rotationally driven by the volume expansion and impulsive force of the drain, and the rotational power is transmitted to the output shaft 33. Thus, even when the turbine-type expander 30 is used, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment are achieved. In addition, as the expander 30, a rotary type or a screw type may be used.

  In the above embodiment, the expanded drain (that is, steam) that has flowed out of the expander 30 to the outflow pipe 14 may be recovered and reused, for example, in the water of the steam generation unit 21.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the steam using part is the heat exchanger 22 has been described. However, the steam using part according to the present invention may be anything as long as the steam dissipates heat to the object and condenses. . For example, the steam using section according to the present invention may be one that heat-sterilizes an empty bottle or the like with steam, or one that wraps a steam pipe around an oil transport pipe and heats and heats the oil with steam.

  The technique disclosed in the present application is useful for an apparatus state detection device and an apparatus state detection method for detecting an operation state of a fluid device provided in a steam system.

1 Steam system 22 Heat exchanger (steam use part)
30 expander 34 generator 40 flow rate detection device (device state detection device)
42 Differential pressure calculation unit 43 Power generation amount acquisition unit 44 Flow rate calculation unit 70 Abnormality diagnosis device (device state detection device)
72 Heat Dissipation Information Acquisition Unit 73 Power Generation Amount Acquisition Unit 74 Abnormality Determination Unit

Claims (7)

A steam using part that dissipates heat to the object and condenses, an expander that generates drainage by inflowing the drain generated by condensation of the steam and flowing out of the steam using part, and generating power by expanding the drain; and the expansion A steam system having a generator driven by the power generated by the machine, a device status detection device for a steam system for detecting an operating state of a fluid device provided in the steam system,
Based on the amount of power generated by the generator, the operating state of the fluid device is detected ,
A power generation amount acquisition unit for acquiring the power generation amount of the generator;
A unit of drain in the expander that has a correlation between the amount of drain per unit time in the expander and the power generation amount of the generator in advance, and that corresponds to the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit in the correlation A flow rate calculation unit that calculates an inflow amount per hour as a flow rate of drain that has flowed out of the steam use unit that is the fluid device, and detects an operating state of the steam use unit. Equipment status detector for steam system. In the apparatus state detection apparatus of the steam system according to claim 1 ,
A pressure difference calculation unit that obtains the pressure of the drain that has flowed out from the steam use part and the pressure of the drain after expansion that has flowed out from the expander, and calculates a pressure difference between the two pressures,
The flow rate calculation unit has a plurality of correlations according to a pressure difference between the pressure of the drain that has flowed out from the steam use unit in advance and the pressure of the drain that has flowed out from the expander, and the differential pressure The correlation corresponding to the pressure difference calculated by the calculation unit is selected, and the inflow amount per unit time of the drain in the expander corresponding to the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit in the correlation is determined from the steam use unit. An apparatus state detection device for a steam system, characterized in that it is calculated as the flow rate of drained drain. A steam using part that dissipates heat to the object and condenses, an expander that generates drainage by inflowing the drain generated by condensation of the steam and flowing out of the steam using part, and generating power by expanding the drain; and the expansion A steam system having a generator driven by the power generated by the machine, a device status detection device for a steam system for detecting an operating state of a fluid device provided in the steam system,
Based on the amount of power generated by the generator, the operating state of the fluid device is detected,
The steam system includes a steam trap that is provided on the downstream side of the steam use section and discharges only the drained drain toward the downstream side, and the drain discharged from the steam trap is expanded. Into the machine,
A heat release amount information acquisition unit for acquiring information on the heat release amount of steam in the steam use unit,
A power generation amount acquisition unit for acquiring the power generation amount of the generator;
An abnormality determination unit that determines whether the steam trap is in an abnormal state based on the relationship between the information acquired by the heat dissipation amount information acquisition unit and the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit. An apparatus state detection device for a steam system, characterized in that: In the apparatus state detection apparatus of the steam system according to claim 3 ,
The abnormality determination unit determines whether the expander that is the fluid device is in an abnormal state based on the relationship between the information acquired by the heat dissipation amount information acquisition unit and the power generation amount acquired by the power generation amount acquisition unit. An apparatus state detection device for a steam system, characterized by: The apparatus state detection apparatus for a steam system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The expander is a turbine-type expander, and is an apparatus state detection device for a steam system. A steam using part that dissipates heat to the object and condenses, an expander that generates drainage by inflowing the drain generated by condensation of the steam and flowing out of the steam using part, and generating power by expanding the drain; and the expansion A steam system having a generator driven by the power generated by the machine, and a device status detection method for a steam system for detecting an operating state of a fluid device provided in the steam system,
It is a method for detecting the operating state of the fluid device based on the power generation amount of the generator ,
A power generation amount detection step for acquiring the power generation amount of the generator;
The expander which has correlation data between the inflow amount of drain per unit time in the expander and the power generation amount of the generator in advance and corresponds to the power generation amount acquired in the power generation amount detection step based on the correlation data A flow rate calculating step for calculating a flow rate of drain per unit time in the flow rate as a flow rate of drain that has flowed out of the steam using portion, which is the fluid device, and detecting an operating state of the steam using portion. An apparatus state detection method for a steam system. A steam using part that dissipates heat to the object and condenses, an expander that generates drainage by inflowing the drain generated by condensation of the steam and flowing out of the steam using part, and generating power by expanding the drain; and the expansion A steam system having a generator driven by the power generated by the machine, and a device status detection method for a steam system for detecting an operating state of a fluid device provided in the steam system,
It is a method for detecting the operating state of the fluid device based on the power generation amount of the generator,
The steam system includes a steam trap that is provided on the downstream side of the steam use section and discharges only the drained drain toward the downstream side, and the drain discharged from the steam trap is expanded. Into the machine,
A heat release amount information detection step for obtaining information on the heat release amount of steam in the steam use section,
A power generation amount detection step for acquiring the power generation amount of the generator;
An abnormality determination step of determining whether or not the steam trap is in an abnormal state based on the relationship between the information acquired in the heat dissipation amount information detection step and the power generation amount acquired in the power generation amount detection step. Have
An apparatus state detection method for a steam system.

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