JP2005336702A - Ground excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ground excavator which can compact excavated earth onto a wall of an excavated hole depending on the hardness/softness of the ground, can suppress the height of removed earth on the ground depending on the characteristics of the ground by adjusting elevation of remaining earth in the hole, and can adjust the depth of excavation and a construction period depending on the hardness of the ground. <P>SOLUTION: The ground excavator is formed of a drum-shaped steel pipe 1, upper and lower end plates 3, 2 arranged thereon, a spiral blade arranged on a lower surface of the lower end plate 2, an earth auger 5 arranged at the center of the upper end plate 3 so as to share a center line c in common, a ground excavating spiral drill 9 arranged at the center of a lower surface of the spiral blade 4, a spiral groove 10 formed in an outer peripheral surface of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 so as to proceed downward upon rightward rotation, an exchangeable openable plate 12 for opening the groove 10 to the lower end plate 2 and the upper end plate 3 and blocking an aperture 11 formed in the upper end plate 3 in a downward direction from above. The openable plate 12 is pressed to block the aperture by elastic force. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a low-drainage ground excavation apparatus that compacts excavated earth and sand into a hole wall according to the hardness of the ground and discharges the remaining soil.

  Conventionally, a method and an apparatus for embedding a concrete pile and a steel pipe pile in a state where the excavated earth and sand are consolidated on the hole wall without discharging the excavated earth and sand to the ground have been invented (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  However, in the present invention, a concentric base plate having a diameter larger than that of the pile body is welded and fixed to the lower end of the pile body, and a curved excavation blade extending from the center of the bottom surface of the bottom plate to the outer periphery of the pile body is provided at a centrally symmetric position. The excavated sediment is guided along the curved surface of the excavating blade to the enlarged diameter outer peripheral portion of the bottom plate, and this is escaped and compressed downward with an upward blade from the opening to the upper surface of the expanded portion of the expanded bottom plate, and the excavated sediment is removed from the expanded plate. This is a method / apparatus for compacting downward in a cylindrical space between the outer periphery and the outer periphery of the pile body.

  However, it is not easy to excavate the hard ground on the bottom of the pile with the above-mentioned curved excavation blade, but it can only be applied to shallow flexible ground, and it is difficult to consolidate the excavated soil to the hole wall and thereby reduce the soil discharge. there were.

  Moreover, the pile body needs to remain in the pile hole, and the pile body is established in an unstable manner in the cylindrical space.

JP 2003-27475 A JP 2003-321989 A JP 2004-3123 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-3124 JP 2004-3125 A

  The present invention consolidates the excavated soil into the hole wall in accordance with the hardness of the ground, adjusts the rise of the residual soil, adjusts the earth discharge to a low level according to the ground, and excavates according to the hardness of the ground The purpose is to adjust the depth and construction period.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly provides upper and lower end plates on a drum-shaped steel tube that can be rotated around a center line, and is provided on the lower surface of the lower end plate on the outer peripheral portion from the center toward the left rotation direction. A spiral tube is provided in the center of the upper end plate, and a shaft tube sharing the center line is fixed in the left-right rotation direction. A circular flange having the same diameter as the lower end plate is provided on the lower surface of the spiral blade. The drum-shaped steel pipe, wherein one end of a notch formed in the flange is bent downward in a direction to advance downward when turning right, and a ground excavation spiral cone is provided in the center of the lower surface of the flange. A replaceable opening and closing plate is formed on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral plate by forming a spiral groove in a direction of moving downward by turning right, opening the groove to the lower end plate and the upper end plate, and closing the opening of the upper end plate from the top to the bottom. A ground excavation device provided and closed by an elastic force,
Secondly, the ground excavator according to the first invention, wherein a spiral blade is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft tube to form an earth auger, and the direction of the spiral blade is a direction in which the spiral blade is moved downward by turning right,
Third, the first or second invention, wherein spiral blades are provided between the upper surface of the upper end plate and the shaft tube or the auger so as to reach the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface from the central portion toward the right rotation direction. Ground drilling rig,
Fourth, the ground excavation device according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the groove width of the spiral groove gradually decreases from the lower end plate opening toward the upper end plate opening,
Fifth, in place of the cone, a plurality of spiral blades that move downward by rotating rightward to have the same width as the flange are provided, and the upper end of one spiral blade is opposed to and close to the downward end of the notch portion. The ground excavation device according to any one of the first to fourth inventions,
Sixth, the ground excavation device according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein a small opening and closing blade is pivotally supported on the outer periphery of the circular flange so as to close inward in the right rotation direction and open outward in the left rotation direction.
Seventhly, the ground excavation device according to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein the rotation direction is formed on the left and right sides,
Consists of.

Therefore, when the drum-shaped steel pipe is turned to the right around the center line,
A spiral cone for ground excavation is propelled to the ground around the center line,
And one end of the notch of the circular flange excavates the ground downward,
The excavated soil is guided and consolidated toward the hole wall along the spiral blade between the flange and the lower end plate from the notch to form a consolidated hole wall.

The amount of consolidation is inversely proportional to the hardness of the ground,
The remaining soil that is not consolidated enters the spiral groove from the opening of the lower end plate,
The opening / closing plate at the opening of the upper end plate is pushed open against the elasticity to move upward.

When the ground is hard, the amount of the remaining soil is large, so the force to open the opening and closing plate against the ridge is large.
When it is soft, the amount of the remaining soil is small, so that the force that pushes the opening and closing plate against the splaying force is small.

  Therefore, the opening / closing plate is replaced according to the hardness or hardness of the ground, thereby adjusting the elasticity and closing the opening / closing plate.

In the hard ground, adjust the above elasticity weakly to increase the amount of residual soil that passes through the opening and closing plate,
In soft ground, the amount of residual soil passing through the opening / closing plate can be reduced by strongly adjusting the elasticity.

  The residual soil passing through the opening / closing plate rises to the ground along the shaft tube or by the right rotation of the earth auger and is discharged to the ground.

In the state where the ground excavation spiral cone has reached a predetermined depth, the right rotation is stopped,
By rotating leftward or counterclockwise in the opposite direction to the rightward rotation at that position, the residual soil above the upper end plate or in the earth auger is lowered, but is lowered by the closed opening / closing plate. It is stopped and retained on the upper surface of the upper end plate and pulled up to the ground, or the retained earth and sand is guided to the spiral blades on the upper surface of the upper end plate, and is consolidated to the hole wall and pulled up to the ground.

  Also, the hole wall diameter at the bottom of the hole can be increased by the small opening / closing blade pivotally supported on the circular flange by the left rotation, and after the diameter expansion, the left rotation can be stopped and the slide can be raised to the ground.

  In addition, with respect to the left rotation or the right rotation, a right rotation or a left rotation can be formed.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the amount of soil removal can be adjusted according to the hardness or softness of the excavated ground,
Depending on the hardness or softness, the excavated sediment can be consolidated into the excavated hole wall,
Because it can be discharged to the ground as non-consolidated soil according to the hardness or hardness,
There are the effects that smooth excavation of ground excavation equipment, shortening of construction period and appropriate reduction of ground excavation amount can be obtained.

  A female portion 16 ′ having a hexagonal inner peripheral surface is formed at the lower end portion of the shaft tube 16 having the center line c, and is moved downward around the shaft tube 16 by turning right (in the direction of arrow a: clockwise hand turning direction). The earth auger 5 is formed by providing the spiral blade 6 that goes in the direction (FIG. 1 (a)), or the earth auger 5 is not formed (FIG. 16, FIG. 13 (b)).

The upper and lower end portions 17 ′, 17 ″ of the central shaft pipe 17 of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 sharing the center line c are provided above and below the upper and lower end plates 2, 3 of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1,
The outer peripheral surface of the projecting upper end portion 17 ″ is a hexagonal male portion, and the upper end portion 17 ″ is fitted to the female portion 16 ′ and fixed in the sliding direction by the lateral pins p and p.

  The lower end portion 17 ′ has a hexagonal female portion on the inner peripheral surface, and the lower end portion 17 ′ is fitted with the upper end hexagonal male portion of the shaft tube 9 ″ of the ground excavation spiral cone 9 and the horizontal pins p, p To fix in the sliding direction (FIG. 1 (a)).

  On the outer periphery of the lower end portion 17 ′, spiral blades 4 extending from the central portion (the outer periphery of the lower end portion 17 ′) to the outer peripheral portion of the lower end plate 2 toward the left rotation direction (arrow b... Counterclockwise) It welds and fixes to the lower surface of the lower end board 2 (refer FIG. 1, FIG. 2).

  Between the upper surface of the upper end plate 3 and the female portion 16 'of the earth auger 5, as shown in FIG. 5 (plan view taken along line D-D in FIG. 1D), the central portion (upper end portion) is rotated clockwise (in the direction of arrow a). 17 ″) to the outer peripheral portion of the upper end plate 3 is welded and fixed to the upper surface.

  However, the female portion 16 'can be directly connected to the upper surface of the upper end plate 3 and concentrically connected to the upper end portion 17' '(FIG. 13 (B)).

  For example, the spiral blades 4 and 4 ′ have an arc diameter gradually increasing from the center of the upper and lower end plates 2 and 3 toward the outer periphery of the end plates 2 and 3, and the end diameter is outside the upper and lower end plates 2 and 3. It is formed so as to have the same diameter as the diameter (FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 16).

A spiral groove 10 is formed on the outer periphery of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 in the direction of moving downward by turning right (arrow a),
The spiral groove 10 has openings 2 ′ and 11 in the lower end plate 2 and the upper end plate 3. As shown in FIGS. 13 (a), (b), (c), and (d), the remaining soil scooping portion 2 ″ is attached to and detached from the lower end plate 2, and the length L is adjusted and bent to form the opening 2 ′. The blade 2a for adjusting the width of the opening 2 'can be attached and detached with a bolt b.

A circular flange 7 having substantially the same diameter as the lower end plate 2 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the spiral blade 4;
One end 8 ′ of the notch 8 (FIG. 2) cut into the outer peripheral portion of the flange 7 is bent downward in the direction of moving downward when turning right (in the direction of arrow “a”: turning direction of the clock hand). ,
The excavation tip 8 ″ is arranged in parallel at the one end 8 ′, and the outer ground of the ground excavation spiral cone 9 provided at the center of the lower surface of the flange 7 is excavated.

An opening / closing plate 12 that opens upward and closes downward in the opening 11 of the upper end plate 3 is pivotally supported by a detachable pin 12 ′.
The opening 11 is reversed by the opening / closing plate 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 (B), 14 (B) and 14 (B) by the elasticity of the detachable coil strip 12 "wound around the pin 12 '. Close to a stop.

  The pin 12 ′ is exposed in a small long hole 12b (FIG. 5B) drilled in the base of the opening / closing plate 12, and the pin 12 ′ is pushed and separated in the direction of arrow c (outside) with a tool. As a result, the strip 12 "can be removed and the opening / closing plate 12 can be removed, and the opening / closing plate 12, the pin 12 ', and the strip 12" are mounted by the reverse operation.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the base end portion of the opening / closing plate 12 made of elastic rubber is detachably bolted 12 a to the upper end plate 3 as shown in FIG. 9, and the opening portion 11 is formed by the elasticity of the rubber of the opening / closing plate 12. It can be closed in a non-return state.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), the strip 12 "is wound around the pin 12 '(bolt) which is detachably formed by the nut n at the intersecting portion of the intersecting arms 12c and 12d. Can be pressed from the top to the bottom in the closed state by the elastic force, and earth-and-sand falling slopes 12e and 12e are formed on the opposing surface of the base end of the opening / closing plate 12 and the upper end plate 3.

  By making the groove width t of the spiral groove 10 formed on the outer periphery of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 constant, or gradually decreasing from the opening 2 ′ of the lower end plate 2 toward the opening 11 of the upper end plate 3, the groove 10. The earth pressure that slides upward inward can be increased against the elasticity.

Further, in place of the cone 9, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), a plurality of (double) spiral blades 14 and 14 that are moved downward by turning right to the same width as the flange 7 are placed on a common center line c. Provided,
The upper end 14 ′ of one spiral blade 14 is made to face and approach one end (downward end) 8 ′ of the notch 8 in parallel and close, and the one spiral blade 14 is joined to the circular flange 7. "Is omitted.

  A small opening / closing blade 15 that closes inward in the right rotation direction (arrow a) and opens in the left rotation direction (arrow b) is pivotally supported on the outer periphery of the circular flange 7 by a small pin 15 '.

  When the cone 9 reaches a predetermined depth (FIGS. 11 (A) and 12 (A)), the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 and the earth auger 5 are raised and rotated counterclockwise around the center line c ( The small opening / closing blade 15 is opened at the hole bottom 21 by moving in the direction of the arrow b), thereby forming the enlarged diameter portion 18 'of the hole wall 18, and the lower diameter enlarged portion 19 shown in FIG. A concrete pipe 19 having 'is buried.

  In soft ground such as the Kanto Loam Formation and the Ariake Sea Coastal Mud Formation, the amount of propulsion is large, and the bottom of the bottom is large because the amount of sediment that is guided by the spiral blade 4 from the notch 8 of the circular flange 7 and consolidated into the hole wall 18 is large. The amount of remaining soil entering the spiral groove 10 from the opening 2 ′ of the plate 2 is small.

Therefore, the force for pushing the opening and closing plate 12 that closes the opening 11 of the upper end plate 3 of the spiral groove 10 upward is relatively small.
A coil strip 12 "or an elastic rubber opening / closing plate 12 that suppresses the force is selected.

In addition, in sand layers and sandstones, the amount of consolidation to the hole wall 18 by the lower spiral blade 4 is small, and the amount of residual soil induced in the groove 10 is relatively large, and the force to open the opening / closing plate 12 from below is strong.
The closing elasticity of the opening / closing plate 12 is adjusted to be relatively weak, or a guide blade 2 ″ or an adjustment blade 2a is provided in the opening 2 ′ of the lower end plate 2 to guide as shown in FIGS. By adjusting the length of the blade 2 "or the adjusting blade 2a, it is possible to increase the amount of the remaining soil that rises or the amount of ground discharge, thereby increasing the ground propulsion speed and the propulsion depth or shortening the construction period. it can.

  As shown in FIG. 15 (a), the groove 10 is formed so that the upper and lower plates 10 ′ and 10 ″ of the groove 10 are parallel to each other, or (b) (c) (d) By forming the plates 10 ′ and 10 ″ outside widely, the earth and sand moving in the groove 10 can be extruded toward the outer hole wall 18 of the upper plate 10 ″, and the earth and sand can be consolidated into the hole wall 18. it can.

  Depending on the hardness of the symmetric ground or whenever the underground hardness changes, the above-mentioned ridge 12 "and the rubber opening / closing plate 12 are changed and selected, and the consolidation of the excavated sediment to the hole wall 18 is performed appropriately, thereby bringing the consolidated residual soil to the ground. Can minimize the earth discharge.

In the case where the small open / close blade 15 is not provided on the circular flange 7 after being excavated to a predetermined depth,
When raising the whole of the earth auger 5 and the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 etc. to the ground,
The remaining soil in the earth auger 5 descends relatively, and the descending is stopped by the above-described check-opened opening / closing plate 12, and the left soil is opened from the center by rotating the upper spiral blade 4 ′ to the left (arrow b direction). Since the whole is raised to the ground while being guided toward the wall 18 and being consolidated by the hole wall 18, the amount of soil discharged on the ground can be further reduced.

  When the direction of the spiral blade 6 of the earth auger 5 and the direction of the spiral groove 10 of the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 are different from each other by moving downward by left rotation, the lower spiral blade 4 is in the right rotation direction, and the upper spiral blade 4 'is formed arbitrarily in the left rotation direction.

  Downward propulsion is excavated and propelled by the spiral cone 9 as described above. In this case, the weight is lowered downward, but the rope R is wound around the winch H provided on the crawler as shown in FIG. The prime mover G at the upper end of the pipe 16 can be forcibly propelled downward by pulling downward.

  In the figure, the reference numeral 22 indicates a cement milk check valve provided at the lower end of the shaft tube 16. FIGS. 11 (a) and 12 (b) are excavations of the auger 5 and the drum-shaped steel pipe 1 by right-handed propulsion. FIG. 11 (B) (C) shows the injection state of the hole bottom enlarged portion 18 ′ and cement milk 20 by the small opening / closing blade 15 in the left rotation ascending, and FIG. 12 (B) shows the same diameter hole. FIG. 11 (D) and FIG. 12 (C) (D) show the embedded state of the concrete pipe 19.

  4 ″ is a guide flange for guiding the excavated soil provided in the middle of each of the spiral blades 4 and 4 ′ toward the hole wall 18, and 7 ′ in FIG. 1 (a) is the upper end of the upper spiral blade 4 ′. Flange, (c) 23 in the figure is a strut stop.

(A) The figure is a front view showing the ground excavation apparatus of the present invention, (b) (c) is a front view of the opening opening / closing plate of the upper end plate, (d) is the figure of (c) another embodiment of the figure. It is a front view. It is a top view by the FIG. 1A-A line. FIG. 1B-B is a bottom view, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged bottom view of a small opening / closing blade. (C) is a bottom view taken along line 1C-C, and (B) is an enlarged bottom view of a small opening / closing blade. (A) is a plan view taken along line D-D in FIG. 1 and is a plan view of an upper spiral blade portion of a drum-shaped steel pipe. (B) is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view taken along line E-E. It is a disassembled perspective view of a lower end plate, a spiral blade, and a circular flange. It is a disassembled perspective view of the spiral blade on the upper end plate and the lower part of the earth auger. It is a vertical front view of a rubber opening / closing plate. (A) The figure is a front view of a state in which a plurality of spiral blades are provided instead of the spiral cone, (b) The figure is (a) a plan view taken along the line FF, (c) The figure is a small open / close blade with a plurality of spiral blades FIG. 4D is a plan view taken along line F′-F ′. (A) The figure is a front view of a predetermined depth excavation and hole wall compacted state by the apparatus of the present invention, (b) The figure is a front view of the enlarged diameter portion formed by the small opening and closing blades in the left rotation raising operation, (c) The figure is cement The front view of a milk injection | pouring state, (d) A figure is a front view of a bottom end diameter expansion concrete pillar embedding state. (A) The figure is a front view of a predetermined depth excavation state by the device of the present invention, (b) The figure is a front view of the hole wall consolidation rise by the spiral blade on the upper end plate and cement milk injection state, (c) The figure is a concrete column The front view of the embedment descending state, (D) is a front view of the concrete column embedment finished state. (A) is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention, (B), (C), (D) is an enlarged side view of the remaining soil scooping part, and (E), (F), (G) is an opening adjusting blade. FIG. (A) The figure is a top view of the opening part opening-and-closing board of an upper end board, (b) A figure is a front view of (a) figure. (A) (b) (c) (d) The figure shows a spiral groove of a drum-shaped steel pipe, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G in FIG. It is a front view of the ground excavation apparatus which lacked the spiral blade. It is a front view of the ground excavation apparatus which lacked the upper spiral blade and the spiral blade.

Explanation of symbols

c Center line 1 Drum-shaped steel pipes 2, 3 Upper and lower end plates a Right rotation direction (clock hand rotation direction)
b Left-turning direction 4, 4 ′ Spiral blade 5 Earth auger 6 Spiral blade 7 Circular flange 8 Notch 8 ′ One end 9 Spiral cone 10 for ground excavation Spiral groove t Groove width 11 Upper plate opening 12 Opening plate 13 Lower plate Opening 14 Spiral blade 15 Small open / close blade

Claims (7)

Upper and lower end plates are provided on a drum-shaped steel tube that can be rotated around a center line, and spiral blades are provided on the lower surface of the lower end plate from the center portion toward the left rotation direction to the outer peripheral portion,
A shaft tube that shares the center line is fixed to the center of the upper end plate in the left-right rotation direction,
A circular flange having the same diameter as that of the lower end plate is provided on the lower surface of the spiral blade, and one end of a notch formed in the flange is bent downward in a direction of moving downward when turning right, and the Provide a ground excavation spiral cone in the center of the bottom of the flange,
A spiral groove is formed in the outer periphery of the drum-shaped steel pipe so as to move downward by turning right, and the groove is opened to the lower end plate and the upper end plate, and the opening of the upper end plate is closed from top to bottom. A ground excavation device provided with an open / close plate and closed by an elastic force.   The ground excavation device according to claim 1, wherein a spiral blade is provided on an outer periphery of the shaft tube to form an earth auger, and the direction of the spiral blade is a direction in which the spiral blade is advanced downward by turning right.   The ground excavation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein spiral blades are provided between the upper surface of the upper end plate and the shaft tube or the auger so as to reach the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface from the central portion in the right rotation direction.   The ground excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a groove width of the spiral groove gradually decreases from the lower end plate opening to the upper end plate opening.   5. A plurality of spiral blades that move downward by turning right to a width substantially the same width as the flange instead of the cone, and the upper end of one spiral blade is opposed to and close to the downward end of the notch portion. The ground excavation apparatus in any one of.   The ground excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a small opening and closing blade is pivotally supported on the outer periphery of the circular flange so as to close inward in the right rotation direction and open outward in the left rotation direction.   The ground excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rotation direction is formed in a left-right direction.

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