JP2005330807A - Structure with opening - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe cover to be placed on a ground in a factory or a site without damaging fingers. <P>SOLUTION: The cover 20 has lined protrusions 24 on the right and left sides of a reverse 22. The lined protrusions 24 function as spacers or stands when the cover 20 is placed on a ground or put on another one. Besides, recessed portions 31 are formed between the lined protrusions 24 at both ends of the reverse 22 of the cover 20 to secure a clearance from the lower side of of the cover 20 so that a hand or fingers as well as a jig are easily put therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure with an opening such as a side groove block for preventing noise and rattling.

There are several applications that prevent noise by devising the shape of the side groove.
JP-A-10-292469 JP 11-343658 A

  However, although the noise is reduced in any of the side grooves, a great effect is not obtained. For example, the above two applications describe that noise can be reduced by contact with a line, but although a silencing effect can be obtained depending on the situation, a stable effect cannot be expected and it can be said that it is practical. Not in state.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-292469, in a U-shaped side groove, an engagement recess is formed on one of the back side of the lid and the horizontal part of the opening of the side groove, and the other is an engagement recess. The engaging convex portions and the engaging concave portions are formed by curved surfaces, and the curvature of the curved surface portion of the engaging convex portion is set to be larger than the curvature of the curved surface portion of the engaging concave portion. It is described that both end edges of the joint recess are engaged with the outer surface of the engaging projection in a line contact state, and the drawing is a combination of the recess and the projection having a larger curvature radius. The state in which both edge portions of the recess are in contact with each other is described. It is described that the side groove can suppress noise when passing through the vehicle by contacting the contact surface portion between the side groove and the groove lid with two lines.

  However, even if the noise can be suppressed, it has not reached the stage where it can be said that the noise is hardly generated. One reason for this is that the combination of the concave portion and the convex portion is formed on both sides of the U-shaped side groove. If these four wires are in contact with each other, the groove lid is ideally installed at the opening of the side groove, so there is no backlash and no noise is generated. However, as long as it is a concrete product, there are naturally manufacturing errors (tolerances). Furthermore, there is no possibility that a groove lid can be installed without any sand, dirt, or dust between the concave and convex portions at the site. It is. Therefore, there is very little probability that the groove lid can be stably installed by contact with four wires. Since it is designed to contact with four lines, if it cannot be contacted with four lines, it must be unstable, and rattling occurs. In addition, the structure is such that parts other than the four lines do not contact each other, but the fact that the four lines cannot be contacted is a factor of rattling and noise because the parts that should not be in contact are in contact. For this reason, it is difficult to suppress noise and rattling at a practical level.

  Furthermore, if an engaging recess is formed on either the back side or the horizontal part of the opening of the side groove, a protruding part is formed on the outside. Becomes smaller and the strength cannot be secured. Therefore, there is a problem that the engaging recess has to be stopped in a small size, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of preventing rattling.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-343658 discloses a U-shaped side groove, which is inclined to the inner wall side continuously with the horizontal portion facing the left and right side surfaces of the bottom surface of the side groove groove at the lid hanging portion of the side groove body. On the bottom of the side groove cover, a lid side horizontal part facing the horizontal part of the side groove main body and a lid corresponding to the linear slope part continuously with the lid side horizontal part are formed. A side inclined portion is formed so that the inclination angle of the linear inclined portion of the side groove main body is different from the inclination angle of the lid side inclined portion of the bottom surface of the side groove cover. As a result, the linear inclined portion of the side groove main body and the lid-side inclined portion are in point contact with each other in the cross section, so that no rattling or jumping occurs.

  The side groove main body is formed with a linear inclined part, and the side groove cover is formed with a lid side inclined part on the bottom surface, so that sand, earth or dirt is prevented from being caught in the point contact portion. Is relatively easy, and it seems possible to make point contact as designed. Then, since the point contact is made at one of the lid hanging portions, the contact is made at two points in the cross-sectional direction, and the number of contact points is small compared to the above-described four lines, so that the possibility of attaching the side groove lid as designed is also high. However, it is a problem whether the side groove lid can be stably held by point contact of two points. That is, it is very rare that a uniform force always acts on the gutter lid from above. For example, when a vehicle passes through one of the side groove lids, a load is applied to one of the lid hanging portions, and the side groove lid should turn or tilt although it is minute. If the lid is tilted, the difference between the tilted portion of the gutter body and the tilt angle of the lid-side tilted portion disappears, so eventually the point contact state cannot be maintained, and the cause of rattling and noise It is considered to be.

  In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-343658, a horizontal portion and a curved portion are formed in a lid hanging portion of a side groove body, and a connecting corner portion connecting them is dotted in a cross section with respect to a linear inclined portion on the bottom surface of the side groove lid. Contacting is also disclosed. Also in this case, if the side groove cover is slightly rotated or tilted, the horizontal part of the side groove body may come into surface contact with the horizontal part of the side groove cover, which may cause rattling and noise. high.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a configuration of a lid and a main body that can be stably installed in an environment or conditions in which the lid is actually used without causing rattling or noise. It is said. Although the present invention is not limited to side grooves, the problem of noise and rattling is significant in side grooves where noise may occur each time a vehicle passes. It is another object of the present invention to disclose a configuration that is free from noise or very small and can prevent the lid from being flipped up.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a structure with an opening. The structure with an opening is a structure with an opening having a lid and a main body having a rectangular opening on which the lid is placed, and the lid support that faces the bottom surface of the lid along a pair of edges of the opening An upper surface portion is formed, and a lid support lower surface portion facing each of the lid support upper surface portions is formed along one set of edges of the lid, and the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion are located inside thereof. At least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body, and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body, and a substantially horizontal plane located outside, A surface constituting the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion in the width direction orthogonal to the extension direction in the vicinity of both ends of the extension direction in which the upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion extend, and an inner slope and / or Depending on the combination of the inner curved surfaces, The lid support the upper surface of and the lid support the lower surface portion in contact with at least two places. Further, the lid includes two rows of row-like projections constituting an inner slope or an inner curved surface on the back surface, and a recess formed on the back surface between the row-like projections and extending in the extending direction. .

  Another embodiment of the present invention is a concrete lid, which is a lid having a substantially square shape placed on the opening of the main body, and is provided along a pair of edges of the opening of the main body. A lid support lower surface portion facing the at least one inner inclined surface located inside and inclined toward the inside of the main body, and / or at least one curved toward the inside of the main body It has an inner curved surface and a substantially horizontal plane located outside. The lid further has two rows of row-like projections constituting an inner slope or an inner curved surface on the back surface, and a recess formed at the back surface between the row-like projections in the extending direction.

  In order to form the inner slope or the inner curved surface in the lid supporting lower surface formed on the back surface or the bottom surface of the lid, a structure protruding downward is required. Although it is possible to make the entire structure including the center of the back surface protrude downward, by forming two rows of line-shaped protrusions constituting the inner slope or the inner curved surface on the back surface of the cover, The weight can be reduced, and a lid having a rattling prevention and noise prevention function can be provided at a low cost. Further, this lid is easy to hold because the row-shaped projections function as a stand. That is, it is possible to insert a jig for lifting the hand or the lid between the row-shaped projections, and it is possible to prevent a situation in which the hand or the finger is accidentally sandwiched or the jig is removed when carrying the lid.

  By forming a recess on the back surface between the row-shaped projections at the end in the extending direction, the height of the row-shaped projections (thickness) can be adjusted so that a hand or finger can be placed on the back side of the lid. By providing a concave portion that does not reduce the strength, a lid with a design that allows easy entry of hands and fingers can be provided.

  By providing a structure of a combination of a main body and a lid that is designed to be in contact with and stable at three points or three lines in the cross-sectional direction or the width direction of the lid, rattling and noise under actual use conditions are provided. Does not occur or their occurrence is very low. Such a structure with an opening is a structure with an opening having a lid and a main body with a rectangular opening that opens and closes by placing the lid on the bottom surface of the lid along a pair of edges of the opening. A lid support upper surface portion facing each other, and a lid support lower surface portion facing each of the lid support upper surface portions is formed along one set of edges of the lid. At least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body. And, in the width direction perpendicular to the extending direction in the vicinity of both ends of the extending direction in which the cover supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion extend, the surface constituting the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion, The combination of surfaces including the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface is designed so that the lid is stable by contacting the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion on both sides at a total of three locations.

  Even if it touches at three points or three lines, in reality, there are deformations of the members constituting the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion within a limited range, so that contact is made with a certain area or width. Become. Further, since one of the combinations of the upper and lower lid support portions on both sides (hereinafter referred to as the left and right sides) is not in contact, one is in contact at two locations and the other is in contact at one location. Therefore, one place is always in contact with each of the left and right lid support upper surface portions and the lower surface portion, and one more is in contact with either one of the left and right sides. If there is foreign matter such as sand, earth, or dust at the portion where the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion are in contact, it is difficult to stabilize the lid. Therefore, it is desirable that all the parts that may be in contact with each other are in a state where it is difficult for foreign matter to collect.

  However, in the left and right lid support upper and lower surface portions, at least one portion that may be in contact with each other is in a state where at least foreign matter is difficult to collect, which prevents rattling and noise. Is very useful. Therefore, in the present invention, at least one inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the inside of the main body inside the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion. Is provided so that foreign matter does not collect easily. Further, such an inner slope and inner curved surface can be formed by attaching joint materials to a mold that forms a conventional flat surface for receiving a lid, and therefore, the conventional mold is used for the present invention. There is also an advantage that the main body of the structure with opening can be manufactured.

  For example, in a combination of an inner slope or an inner curved surface that makes point or line contact, the lid support upper surface portion is provided with an inner slope inclined toward the inside of the main body, and the lid support lower surface portion is disposed inside the main body. It is a structure with an opening provided with an inner curved surface that is convexly convex. Further, the lid support upper surface portion includes an inner curved surface that is concavely curved toward the inside of the main body, and the lid support lower surface portion is an inner curved surface that is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body. It is the structure with an opening provided with the inner curved surface with a larger curvature than the inner curved surface of a part. Further, the lid support upper surface portion has an inner curved surface that is convexly curved toward the inside of the main body, and the lid support lower surface portion is an inner slope that is inclined toward the inside of the main body, or an inner curved surface that is convexly curved. It is a structure with an opening provided with. By such a combination of the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface, at least two points or two lines where the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion are always in contact can be formed.

  The combination of the upper and lower surfaces of the lid support that employs a combination of such an inclined surface and / or curved curved surface toward the inside of the main body, supports the lid like a wedge by the weight of the lid or the load from above. The lower surface portion enters the lid support upper surface portion, and also functions to stably support the lid. And even if the position of the load applied from the top moves, it prevents the lid from moving following it and prevents the occurrence of rattling and noise. In addition, the flat or extended distortion or tolerance of the lid may cause rattling or noise, but the load may cause the bottom surface of the lid support to enter the top surface of the lid support or move slightly up and down or left and right. By rotating, a certain amount of distortion and tolerance can be absorbed, and it can be excluded that it causes rattling and noise.

  Therefore, the angle of the inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support upper surface is preferably about 30 to 60 degrees, and more preferably about 40 to 50 degrees. The inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support lower surface portion is designed to contact the lid support upper surface portion having such an angle. If the slope or gradient of the inner slope or inner curved surface is small, the contact is planar, so that the contact is closer to the surface than the line or point, and rattling and noise are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the slope or gradient is too large, the wedge effect will increase, and the side wall of the main body will be pushed with a strong force from the inside to the outside due to the wheel load applied to the lid, and such lateral direction will be affected by the strength or structure of the main body. You have to consider the load.

  Further, if the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion are all in contact with each other along the extending direction, there is a high possibility that rattling and noise will occur. Therefore, it is desirable to design so that the lid support upper surface part and the lower surface part at both ends in the extending direction mainly contact. That is, it is desirable that the inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support lower surface portion protrudes toward the inside of the main body at both ends from the center in the extending direction.

  Then, the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface are in proper contact with each other due to the weight of the lid or the load from above, and the third contact is made so that there is no contact with the surface and no unstable state occurs. A place is prepared. By changing the slope and / or curvature of the inner slope and / or inner curved surface, it is possible to create a structure that becomes the third point or the third line by a combination of these. Since it becomes complicated, it is difficult to form it accurately and reliably. In particular, a concrete block is used for the side groove in which this configuration is effective, and such a design is not preferable in consideration of manufacturing tolerance of a concrete product.

  By the way, it is desirable that the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion have a substantially horizontal plane located outside thereof. Although it is possible to form the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion only with an inner slope or an inner curved surface, in addition to the shape of the conventional lid and side groove block, if such an inner slope or inner curved surface is provided, the lid Becomes very thick, which is not economical and causes problems such as a reduced cross-sectional area of the flow path. Renewing the shape of the lid and the side groove block leads to discarding the form of the side groove block up to the present, and the economic loss is too large. On the other hand, by providing an inner slope and / or an inner curved surface limited to the inside, an effect of preventing rattling and noise can be obtained. Can be used as a very economical solution. Furthermore, even if an unpredictable situation such as applying a load higher than the design is applied by leaving the flat surface portion, the flat surface portions of the lid support upper surface portion and the lower surface portion come into contact with each other so that the lid rotates and falls. The worst situation can be prevented. Therefore, it is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  The inner slope or inner curved surface is not formed outside the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface, but a substantially horizontal plane is formed outside, and the inner slope or inner curved surface is limited to the inside of the lid support upper surface and lower surface. The structure provided with is excellent also in securing the strength of the lid. When the inner slope or inner curved surface is arranged outside the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface, the contact (fulcrum) between the lid support upper surface and the lid support lower surface is outside the lid support upper surface and lid support lower surface. Therefore, there is a possibility that a reinforcing bar is buried in the lid and it is outside the range. That is, since it is necessary to cover the reinforcing bars with concrete, it is necessary to secure a concrete covering of at least about 20 mm. Therefore, it can be said that the region of about 20 mm at the end of the lid is difficult to secure the strength and is easily chipped. In addition, when an inner slope or inner curved surface is arranged outside the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion, when these come into contact with each other in the form of a part of the side surface, the cover is put on the inside from the contact position. Since it is necessary to ensure, the strength further decreases.

  On the other hand, by forming a substantially horizontal plane on the outside of the inner slope or inner curved surface, the inner slope or inner curved surface can be arranged completely on the back surface of the lid. Since the fulcrum of the lid support lower surface portion enters inside, it enters the region where the reinforcing bar is embedded, and the lid can exhibit sufficient strength against the load from above.

  By arranging the inner slope or inner curved surface inside the lid support lower surface portion on the lid side, the inclination and curvature of the inner slope or inner curved surface can be freely adjusted, and the inner slope or inner curved surface can be adjusted. The size and strength of the portion protruding from the back surface of the lid for forming can be sufficiently secured. And inside the lid support upper surface part and the lid support lower surface part, the surfaces are in a state of facing each other or facing each other (facing) due to the inner slope or inner curved surface, and these surfaces are narrow or almost point or line Even if it touches in a state, unlike the case where the corner hits, the load is not concentrated from the upper side, and the structure is such that corner breakage, cracks and the like are unlikely to occur. That is, even if the contact between the surfaces is macroscopically a point, it is a contact between the surfaces microscopically. When the curved surface is deformed and contacted while applying a load, the contact area is increased by the load. Therefore, the concentrated load at the contact or tangent is dispersed and alleviated, so that an effect that the contact or tangent is less likely to be lost can be obtained. Further, by arranging the inner slope or inner curved surface on the inner side, it is possible to form an inner slope or inner curved surface having an inclination or a curvature that is unlikely to cause damage such as corner breakage or cracking.

  Furthermore, the structure of this plane can be utilized also as the third contact location. By providing an intermediate surface with a different slope or curvature with respect to the inner slope or inner curved surface on the lid support lower surface, this intermediate surface faces the boundary between the inner surface and the outer surface of the lid support upper surface. When the lid is turned or displaced, the middle surface of the left and right lid support lower surface portions is in contact with the boundary between the inner and outer surfaces of the lid support upper surface portion and functions as the third point or the third line. This configuration makes it particularly easy to obtain the effects of rattling and noise prevention because foreign matter is unlikely to collect at the boundary between the inner and outer surfaces. As for the intermediate surface (intermediate surface), it is desirable that both ends protrude from the center in the extending direction toward the inside of the main body, similarly to the inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support lower surface.

  The third point or the third line can be formed by providing convex portions protruding toward the planes facing each other on the lid support upper surface portion or the lid support lower surface portion on both sides. The structure is simplified, and foreign matters are unlikely to be placed on the convex portions, so that the effects of rattling and noise prevention can be sufficiently obtained. However, since the load tends to concentrate on the convex portion, an appropriate area may be required depending on the load condition. In such a case, the above-described configuration has a slight effect of preventing rattling and noise. Lower.

  Further, a substantially horizontal inner plane disposed on the inner slope or inner curved surface is provided on the lid support upper surface, and the third slope or inner curved surface of the lid support lower surface is in contact with the inner plane. It is possible to form the third line.

  In order to form the inner slope or the inner curved surface in the lid supporting lower surface formed on the back surface or the bottom surface of the lid, a structure protruding downward is required. Although the entire structure including the center of the back surface may be protruded downward, it is desirable to form two rows of line-shaped protrusions forming an inner slope or an inner curved surface on the back surface of the lid. Thereby, the weight of the lid can be reduced, and a lid having a rattling prevention and noise prevention function can be provided at low cost. Further, this lid has a great merit that it is very easy to hold because the row-like projections function as a stand. That is, it is possible to insert a jig for lifting the hand or the lid between the row-shaped projections, and it is possible to prevent a situation in which the hand or the finger is accidentally sandwiched or the jig is removed when carrying the lid.

  When the height of the row projections is insufficient to put the hand or finger on the back side of the lid, it is also effective to form a recess on the back surface between the row projections at the end in the extending direction, Since there is a thickness of the row-like projections, it is possible to provide a lid with a design in which a hand or a finger can easily enter by providing a recess that does not reduce the strength of the lid. Therefore, it is desirable that the lid is formed at the end in the extending direction and has a notch for placing a hand or a jig between the row-shaped protrusions. If the strength of the lid is allowed, it is effective to form a concave portion to the extent that the finger or jig is attached to the end of the back surface of the lid regardless of the presence or absence of the row-like projections.

  Furthermore, as for row | line | column-shaped protrusion, those outer surfaces comprise an inner slope or an inner curved surface. Therefore, the inner surface of the row-shaped protrusions basically does not contact the lid support upper surface portion on the main body side. However, by providing a surface that does not directly contribute to support the lid, the size or shape of the row projections can be increased, the strength of the row projections can be ensured, and an appropriate inclination and curvature can be provided. An inner slope or inner curved surface can be formed on the outer surface of the row-shaped protrusion. Further, the row-shaped projections can be molded by cutting a portion of the mold for molding the lid that contacts the back surface of the lid into two rows using a cutting tool such as an end mill. Therefore, it is easy to process the mold, and it is possible to manufacture a lid provided with a highly accurate row-shaped projection at a highly accurate position. This means that a lid having an inner slope or inner curved surface having a desired shape can be manufactured with high accuracy, and a structure with an opening that hardly generates rattling or noise can be provided.

  When the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion are in contact with each other at the center in the direction extending in a row and the both ends are lifted under some conditions, rattling occurs. On the contrary, if both ends are in contact, even if the center is lifted, rattling does not occur. When forming a side groove block using a mold, the edge of the opening extends slightly and the center in the longitudinal direction is opposite to both ends in the longitudinal direction when the mold is deformed or stored after being removed. It tends to protrude (although it is minute). Further, when the inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support lower surface portion is formed on the rear surface of the lid, deformation in the direction in which the center in the longitudinal direction protrudes from both ends is likely to occur. Therefore, it is desirable to shape the inner slope or the inner curved surface so that both end sides in the extending direction protrude greatly downward and / or outward from the vicinity of the center. That is, it is desirable that the inner slope or the inner curved surface bend in an arc shape so that the vicinity of the center is recessed with respect to both end sides of the lid extending in a row. The same applies to the formation of the row-like projections.

  The difference between both ends of the inner slope or inner curved surface and the central portion is about several mm, for example, about 2 to 3 mm. In addition, in this arcuate shape, if the size of the cross section of the protrusion changes stepwise or intermittently, the changed portion becomes a contact point, which causes shakiness. Therefore, it is desirable that the cross-sectional size changes continuously.

  In the case of a row-like projection, it may be divided near the center of the lid extending in a row. A notch for guiding rainwater to the inside of the main body can be provided. In this structure with an opening, the lid support lower surface provided on the lid and the lid support upper surface on the main body are in close contact with each other, so that there is little drainage from the gap between the lid and the main body. With the above configuration, it is possible to prepare notches for drainage along the projections extending in a row, that is, along the longitudinal direction of the road, so drainage efficiency is good, and furthermore, side grooves without noise and rattling are constructed. it can.

  Moreover, it is desirable that both ends in the extending direction of the row-shaped protrusions are chamfered in a substantially spherical shape. This is because the corner chipping of the protrusion can be prevented, and the possibility that the lid supporting upper surface portion on the main body side hits the corner of the protrusion and is damaged can be eliminated. The protrusion having a curved cross section can be formed by digging a groove with an end mill in the iron plate of the lid mold. Therefore, the groove | channel by which both ends are shape | molded substantially spherically can be manufactured by raising the tooth | gear of an end mill in the edge part of the groove | channel formed in the formwork.

  On the other hand, when the inclination of the side surface (end surface) in the extending direction of the lid is large, the contact point between the lid support upper surface portion on the main body side and the projection moves to the inside of the lid by processing both ends of the projection into a substantially spherical or spherical shape. Will do. For this reason, when a load such as a tire is placed on either end of the lid, the opposite side is likely to float. Therefore, since rattling may occur, it is desirable that such a lid should not be processed into a spherical shape at both ends of the protrusion. However, in order to prevent corner breakage and damage to the main body support portion, it is desirable to reduce both ends of the lid extending in a row of protrusions. In addition, the row of protrusions on the lid are designed to be slightly thinner toward the center, so there are many cases in which the load is supported at both ends, but the load is concentrated on both ends by reducing both ends of the protrusion. However, the contact with the support portion on the main body side becomes smooth. For this reason, a protrusion and a main-body support part become difficult to be damaged, and a highly durable structure with a lid and an opening can be provided. The protrusions with both ends reduced can be freely adjusted by adjusting the degree (amount) of lifting the end mill teeth when forming the groove for the protrusion on the mold by the end mill. The shape is not stepped and can be reduced smoothly and continuously.

  As described above, the structure with an opening can be installed so that the lid does not rattle or generate noise when the lid is weighted. It is particularly effective for structures that have concrete blocks such as ridges and side grooves that are prone to noise. When the main body is a side groove block, the cross section is a U-shaped side groove block, the upper surface is composed of an opening (opening) and a culvert, and the lower part is mainly an opening (including a case where it is partially closed) It is effective in a side groove block called a gate-type side groove or a free-gradient side groove or a side groove block having other openings.

  Since this lid has a simple structure, even if it is a lid made of concrete, the effect of preventing rattling and noise can be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, this point is also suitable for the side groove block. The lid may be made of grating. When a grating lid is installed in an opening where a concrete lid can be installed, the grating lid has a higher strength, so the thickness may be small, and a square pipe or the like is attached for raising. Therefore, when the raising member that forms the lid supporting lower surface portion is attached to the back surface, an inner slope or an inner curved surface is formed at an eccentric position of the raising member.

  For example, the projection is provided inside the raising member such as a pipe having a square cross section. Then, it is desirable that the outer side of the raising member be a horizontal surface to support the load in contact with the horizontal surface of the lid support upper surface in the unlikely event. The shape may be such that the grating hits the main body and stops rotating. However, by providing a horizontal surface on the raising member, even if a very large load is applied to the lid and it must be supported by contact between the horizontal surfaces, the angle at which the grating lid turns is Since it is very small, there is no danger that the lid will sink or come off, and it is possible to provide a grating lid that is safe and free from rattling and noise. Furthermore, by making the thickness of the grating lid including the raising member substantially the same as the thickness of the concrete lid, the grating lid and the concrete lid can be attached to the opening without changing the structure on the main body side. .

  As described above, since it is possible to provide a side groove block and a lid that hardly generate rattling or noise in a state where a load is applied, a plurality of main bodies to be used as side groove blocks are installed in the extending direction, and the openings are opened. In addition, by installing this lid, it is possible to construct a gutter that hardly or does not generate rattling or noise under conditions where the vehicle actually passes. Since rattling is unlikely to occur, jumping up can be prevented, and a safe gutter can be provided in this respect as well.

  Furthermore, in the manufacturing method in which the main body is formed from concrete and the opening is formed by inserting the inner mold frame from the back side with respect to the lid support upper surface portion, the lid support upper surface portion is also effective in preventing melt leakage. is there. For this reason, it is a method for manufacturing a main body by combining a bottom mold frame that forms the upper surface of the opening and an inner mold frame that forms the inside of the main body, and forms the inner slope or inner curved surface of the lid support upper surface portion. Provided is a manufacturing method including a step of inserting an opening forming portion forming an inner surface of an opening of an inner mold frame from an opposite side of a lid supporting upper surface portion with respect to an upper surface inner forming portion of a bottom mold. In this manufacturing method, since the opening forming portion is inserted into the upper surface inner forming portion, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon that the concrete melt that forms the flat surface of the lid support upper surface portion protrudes to the opening side. Therefore, the concrete melt does not protrude into the opening like a burr, and the trouble of processing it can be eliminated.

  Of course, if the bottom mold or inner mold of the mold of the side groove main body is bent from the beginning so that an inner slope or inner curved surface is formed, the inside of the lid support upper surface portion such as joint material There is no need to attach or affix the auxiliary formwork to form. In particular, if the formwork is fixed to an inner formwork that forms a U-shaped side groove, it is easy to change the shape of the formwork.

  As described above, the upper surface inner forming portion can be attached to the flat lid support portion forming portion of the bottom mold, and by attaching the upper surface inner forming portion to the mold of the conventional side groove block, A side groove block can be provided.

  Furthermore, by providing a flat portion inside the upper surface inner forming portion, it is possible to solve the problem that the shape becomes unstable due to interference with the inner corner of the upper surface inner forming portion when the opening forming portion is inserted.

  Providing a structure of a combination of a main body and a lid that is designed to be stable in contact with three points or three lines in the width direction of the lid, and does not generate rattling or noise under the actual use conditions, or Their occurrence is extremely low. A preferable example of the structure is a side groove, and according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a side groove that hardly generates noise or rattling.

  Further description will be given below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an end face of the structure of the side groove 1 as a structure with an opening. This gutter 1 is constructed along the road 2 between a road (roadway) 2 and a sidewalk 3 as shown in FIG. 2, and the drainage from the road 2 is collected in an internal flow path 5 to a predetermined place. It is to be collected. The side groove 1 is configured by embedding a concrete side groove block 10 having a U-shaped cross section with an opening 9 at the top so as to be connected in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X. For this reason, the side groove block 10 is placed on the foundation concrete 4. Further, a concrete lid 20 is installed in the opening 9 of the side groove block (main body) 10, and the flow path 5 can be inspected and cleaned by opening and closing the lid 20.

  The opening 9 of the side groove block 10 on which the plurality of lids 20 are mounted is a rectangle that is long in the extending direction X, and the lid 20 is a lid formed on a pair of edges 11 a and 11 b in the width direction of the opening 9. It is supported by receiving portions (lid mounting portions) 12a and 12b. The opening 9 of the side groove block 10 extends along one set of edges 11 of the opening 9 so that the surface 21 of the lid 20 and the upper surface 13 of the side groove block 10 are substantially at the same height when the lid 20 is installed. Step-shaped lid receiving portions 12 a and 12 b are formed, and a lid supporting upper surface portion 15 facing the bottom surface 22 of the lid 20 is formed at a position lower than the upper surface 13. The lid support upper surface portion 15 extends in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X of the side groove block 10 along the edges 11a and 11b, and the left and right lid supports in the width direction (cross-sectional direction) Y orthogonal to the extending direction X. The shape of the upper surface portion 15 is symmetrical. Therefore, in the following, either the left or right configuration will be mainly described, but the other configuration is the same unless otherwise specified.

  On the other hand, on the back surface 22 of the lid 20, lid support lower surface portions 25 respectively facing the lid support upper surface portion 15 are formed along the edges 23 a and 23 b of the lid 20. The shape of the lid support lower surface portion 25 in the width direction Y is also bilaterally symmetric. Therefore, in the following, either the left or right configuration will be mainly described, but the other configuration is the same unless otherwise specified.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the shape of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 where the lid 20 is mounted or installed in the opening 9. The lid support upper surface portion 15 of the present example includes an inner slope 16 a whose surface is inclined toward the inside of the main body 10, that is, the flow path 5 on the inner side near the opening 9, and a small flat surface is substantially horizontal on the inner side. The inner flat surface portion 17 is provided. Further, the lid support upper surface portion 15 includes an outer flat surface portion 18 whose surface is substantially horizontal on the outer side far from the opening 9. The ratio of the width W1 of the outer flat surface portion 18 and the width (horizontal width) W2 of the inner inclined surface portion 16a to the width W0 of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 is about 1: 1 to 2: 1. The inclination θ is set to around 45 degrees. If the total width W0 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 is about 40 to 50 mm, the width W1 of the outer flat surface portion 18 is about 20 to 30 mm, and the width W2 of the inner inclined surface portion 16a is about 15 to 25 mm. Moreover, the height (depth) h of the inner slope part 16a is about 15-25 mm. The width W3 of the inner plane 17 is about 5 to 10 mm.

  The lid 20 of the present example has two rows of protrusions 24 extending in the extending direction X and having a substantially semicircular cross section at positions close to the edges 23 a and 23 b of the back surface 22. A part of the peripheral surface of the protrusion 24 is a part of the surface constituting the lid support lower surface portion 25. Accordingly, the lid support lower surface portion 25 includes an inner curved surface 26a that is located on the inner side and is curved convexly toward the inside of the main body 10, and an outer flat surface portion 28 that is located on the outer side and extends substantially horizontally.

  Further, a portion 27 of the row-like protrusion 24 connected to the back surface 22 of the lid 20 is an intermediate surface in which the inclination (curvature) has changed loosely (smallly) with respect to the inner curved surface 26a. As a result, the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the present example is an intermediate surface where the portion facing the boundary 19 between the inner slope 16a and the outer plane 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 is different in slope or curvature from the inner curved surface 26a. 27. The inner curved surface 26a constituting the lid support lower surface portion 25 is formed at a position in contact with the inner inclined surface 16a of the lid support upper surface portion 15, and the radius R0 of the peripheral surface of the row projection 24 is about 15 to 25 mm, for example, 20 mm. The length t protruding from the back surface 22 is about 10 to 20 mm, for example, 13 mm. Further, the intermediate surface 27 of the lid support lower surface portion 25 is formed at a position in contact with the boundary 19 of the lid support upper surface portion 15, and the outer flat surface portion 28 is a position facing the outer flat surface portion 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15. Is formed. The columnar protrusions 24 are also formed with intermediate surfaces 27 on the inner side, but these intermediate surfaces 27 also function to reinforce the columnar protrusions 24.

  The protrusion amount t of the row-like protrusions 24 is preferably smaller than the radius R0 of the peripheral surface of the protrusions 24. By making the protrusion amount t smaller than the radius R0, the row-like protrusions 24 are hardly broken against the load received from the side.

  FIG. 4 shows a state where a lid 20 is installed in the opening 9 of the main body 10. When the lid 20 is installed in the opening 9, the inner curved surface 26 a of the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 contacts the inner inclined surface 16 a of the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10 at the two left and right locations P 1 and P 2. Is stably attached to the main body 10. In the state of contact at the two left and right locations P1 and P2, the left and right clearances C1 and C2 between the outer flat surface 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the outer flat surface 28 of the lid support lower surface portion 25 are ensured from several mm to 10 mm. The lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 are designed so as to be able to do so.

  And since the inner slope 16a of the lid | cover upper surface part 15 inclines toward the inside of the main body 10, foreign materials, such as sand, garbage, and dirt, do not accumulate easily on the inner slope 16a. Therefore, the inner inclined surface 16a of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the inner curved surface 26a of the lid support lower surface portion 25 are hardly in contact with foreign matters and are in contact with each other in the designed state. As described above, in this specification, “contact” means hitting in a limited area range that can be considered as a point or a line. This is because the concrete forming the lid 20 and the main body 10 is deformed to some extent even if it is said that the strength is high.

  Further, the inner slope 16a constituting the lid support upper surface portion 15 can be formed by attaching a joint material to a mold forming a conventional horizontal lid receiving plane. Although this will be further described, since the main body 10 of this example can be formed using a conventional mold, there is no need to renovate the mold, and the main body 10 of this example is manufactured at low cost. be able to. Therefore, the economic effect is great.

  Furthermore, the combination of the inner slope 16a inclined toward the inside 5 of the main body 10 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the inner curved surface 26a of the lid support lower surface portion 25 curved convexly in the same direction is based on the weight of the lid 20 or the like. The lid support lower surface portion 25 enters the lid support upper surface portion 15 like a wedge and also functions to stably support the lid 20. That is, when considering the width direction Y of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25, these contact with each other at two points (two lines) P1 and P2, so that no problem such as error or tolerance occurs, but the extending direction When X is considered, there is a possibility that the influence of error or tolerance cannot be ignored. However, in the combination of the lid support lower surface portion 25 and the lid support upper surface portion 15 in this example, the inner slope 16a and the inner curved surface 26a are inclined in the same direction. Any point within the tolerance range touches and stabilizes. Therefore, by manufacturing the lid 20 and the main body 10 with a certain degree of accuracy, in the state where the lid 20 is normally installed in the opening 9, the possibility of rattling is very small.

  When the vehicle passes with the lid 20 installed in the opening 9 of the main body 10, a wheel load F is applied to one edge 23 a of the lid 20 as shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, if only the weight of the lid 20 is the same, almost the same force acts on the left and right lid support upper surface portions 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25. Different forces act on the. This is considered to be a major cause of noise or shakiness of the conventional side groove block.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, when the lid 20 of this example is slightly rotated clockwise by the wheel load F acting on the edge 23 a, the intermediate surface 27 of the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 is Then, it comes into contact with the boundary portion 19 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10 and becomes the third point (third line) P3. Then, in a state where the third point P3 is formed, the micro rotation of the lid 20 is stopped, and even when an eccentric wheel load F is applied, the lid 20 has three points P1, P2, and P3 with respect to the main body 10. Stabilizes while touching. Further, since the intermediate surface 27 and the boundary portion 19 are designed so that the clearance C1 is ensured between the outer flat surface portions 18 and 28 even when they are in contact with each other, the lid 20 has three points P1, P2. Other than P3, the main body 10 is not contacted. Therefore, the intermediate surface 27 functions as a stopper that prevents the lid 20 from rotating, and further functions as a spacer that secures the clearance C1 between the flat portions 18 and 28 in this state. For this reason, although the intermediate surface 27 is prepared for each of the left and right lid support lower surface portions 25, only the intermediate surface 27 is actually in contact with the lid support upper surface portion 15 on the main body 10 side. Become.

  Further, as described above, since the two points P1 and P2 are in a wedge shape, the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 enters the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body opening 9 due to the wheel load F and meshes. Become strong. Accordingly, the lid 20 is firmly stabilized in a state where the three points (three lines) P1, P2, and P3 are in contact with each other by the load applied first. For this reason, even when the wheel load F moves, the lid 20 does not rotate following the wheel load F, and the movement of the wheel load F does not cause rattling or noise. Therefore, even when the side groove 1 of this example is adopted at a road crossing portion, rattling and noise hardly occur.

  Thus, the lid 20 of the present example is designed to be stable with three points or lines P1, P2 and P3 in contact with the main body 10, and other parts do not hit. For example, if it is designed to be stable by hitting four or more points, it cannot be guaranteed that other points will not hit in the state where three points hit, and furthermore, three points will contact each other. Since it is unstable in this state, it is easily rattled by the movement of the wheel load, and noise is generated. On the other hand, if the design hits two points, it cannot cope with the rotation caused by the eccentric wheel load, and the part that should not hit hits and generates rattling and noise. In particular, if the surfaces that should not contact each other are in contact with each other, it is not easy to obtain the surface accuracy, so that the contact becomes unstable, causing backlash and noise. Further, when the flat surfaces hit each other, foreign substances are likely to be caught between them, which also causes rattling and noise. In this regard, it is important to maintain the clearances C1 and C2 between the outer planar portions 18 and 28.

  On the other hand, in the side groove 1 of this example, since the lid 20 is supported at three points or three lines, all the factors that cause the above-described noise or rattling are also generated in a situation where an eccentric wheel load is applied. The side groove block 10 and the lid 20 that can be eliminated and do not generate rattling or noise when actually used can be provided. Then, when the lid 20 is fixed once in contact with three points or three lines, and then mud or sand gradually enters the clearances C1 and C2, the state of the lid 20 is further stably fixed. Suppress movement such as 20 rotations.

  Further, by supporting the lid 20 with three lines or three points, of the left and right lid receiving portions 12a and 12b, the one where the wheel load F is likely to be applied usually contacts at two points, and the wheel load F is two points or Can be held in two lines. Therefore, since the load concentrated on one point can be reduced, the shape of the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20 and the shape of the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10 can be easily maintained stably. For this reason, it is possible to maintain the effects of rattling and noise prevention over a long period of time.

  Furthermore, in the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body opening 9 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20, the flat portions 18 and 28 are formed on the outer side, and the inner slope 16 a and the inner curved surface 26 a are formed on the inner side, respectively. The inner slope 16a and the inner curved surface 26a are in contact with each other to form two points P1 and P2 that mainly support the load. In this configuration, even when an unpredictable situation such as a load more than the design is applied to the lid 20, the worst is that the lid rotates and falls due to the contact between the flat portions of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lower surface portion 28. In addition to the remarkable effect that the situation can be prevented, the fulcrum points P1 and P2 are arranged inside the back surface 22 of the lid 20. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, the load F added to the lid | cover 20 can be received in the high intensity | strength part with which the reinforcing bar 39 of the lid | cover 20 was embed | buried.

  That is, a reinforcing bar 39 is embedded in the lid 20 to ensure strength. In particular, the lid 20 designed with a large load resistance increases the thickness of the reinforcing bars 39 as the lid becomes thicker. The reinforcing bar 39 has a minimum fog in order to ensure corrosion resistance and fire resistance, and it is necessary to ensure a fog C9 of 20 mm or more. Therefore, the reinforcing bar 39 is not effective within the range of the cover C9, and concrete is easily damaged when a large load, particularly a tensile load is applied. For this reason, if the design is such that the lid is supported in the range of the cover C9, the strength of the reinforcing bars 39 and the like is actually insufficient even if they are embedded in accordance with the standard. Therefore, a concrete lid having a large load resistance cannot be provided by a design that supports the load of the lid on the side surface of the lid or on the lower side of the side surface or near the edge of the side surface.

  On the other hand, in the lid 20 of this example, since the flat surface portion 28 is formed on the outer side, the inner curved surface 26a is formed on the inner side, the fulcrums P1 and P2 are located on the inner side, and the lid 39 is in the region where the reinforcing bar 39 works. 20 is supported. For this reason, the load which the fulcrum P1 and P2 receives from the lower part and the load F which the cover 20 receives from the upper part including the reinforcing bar 39 can be dealt with, and the load bearing performance matched with the quantity of the reinforcing bar 39 can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide a concrete lid having no noise and rattling and having a large load resistance.

  FIG. 6A to FIG. 6E show an example of the lid 20. On the back surface or bottom surface 22 of the lid 20, as shown in FIG. 6B, two left and right rows of row-like projections 24 are formed along both edges 23 a and 23 b so as to project in a semicircular shape. As described above, the cross-section of the row-like protrusions 24 does not have to be a complete semicircle, and in this example, the protrusions t have a protrusion amount t smaller than the radius R0. Further, an intermediate surface 27 having a different gradient or curvature is formed at a portion connected to the bottom surface 22. The shape of the row-shaped protrusion 24 will be described in more detail. Regarding the radius R0 and the protrusion amount t, the radius R0e and the protrusion amount te at both ends in the extending direction X are larger than the radius R0c and the protrusion amount tc of the central portion. ing. The difference is about several millimeters, for example, about 2 mm. However, in the design, the row-like protrusions 24 are formed in a bow shape or a medium drawing shape at both ends and a small center.

  When both ends of the columnar protrusion 24 protrude, both ends in the extending direction X of the lid support lower surface portion 25 and the lid support upper surface portion 15 are in contact with each other, so that the lid 20 is stably installed on the main body 10. However, when warpage or the like occurs in the mold for manufacturing the lid 20 and the center of the row-like protrusions 24 protrudes, the lid support lower surface portion 25 and the lid support upper surface portion 15 come into contact with each other at the center. Since both ends are in a floating state, it becomes a cause of rattling and noise. Therefore, in the lid 20 of this example, the row-shaped projections 24 in the state of the middle diaphragm are formed in terms of design, and no rattling or noise occurs even if some deformation such as warping occurs in the mold. In this way, the effect of preventing rattling and noise can be obtained with the normal manufacturing tolerances of concrete products. Further, the side groove main body 10 also has manufacturing tolerances, and by making the row-like protrusions 24 of the lid 20 in the middle-drawn state, the manufacturing tolerance on the side of the main body 10 can be absorbed, and noise prevention and rattling can be reliably performed. The effect of prevention is acquired.

  Further, it is desirable that the outer inclined portions (intermediate surfaces) 27 of these row-like projections 24 are also in the form of a medium drawing. Accordingly, it is desirable that the width and depth of the intermediate surface 27 be small following the dimension in which the row-like protrusions 24 become the middle diaphragm. Thereby, the same effect as that of the row-like protrusions 24 described above can also be obtained at the intermediate surface 27. These row-like projections 24 and the intermediate surface 27 can be formed by digging grooves in the mold forming the lid 20 with an end mill. Since the end mill cuts the grooves by rotating teeth, the row-shaped protrusions and the intermediate surface can be made symmetrical with the center of the protrusion as an axis, so that the appearance is good. Further, in the mold of the lid 20, grooves for forming the left and right line-shaped protrusions 24 are formed in one iron plate that forms the bottom surface 22, and therefore the distance between the left and right line-shaped protrusions and the intermediate surface Is formed with high accuracy. If these distances are inaccurate, it causes rattling and noise, but such elements can be eliminated as much as possible in the lid.

  As for the row | line | column-shaped protrusion 24, those outer surfaces comprise the inner slope 26a or an inner curved surface. Therefore, the inner surface of the row-shaped protrusion 24 does not basically contact the lid support upper surface portion 15 on the main body side. However, by providing a surface that does not directly contribute to support the lid 20, the size or shape of the row projections 24 can be increased, and the strength of the row projections 24 can be ensured and an appropriate inclination and An inner slope 26 a or an inner curved surface having a curvature can be formed on the outer surface of the row projection 24. Further, as described above, the row-shaped protrusions 24 can be molded by cutting a portion of the mold for molding the lid that contacts the back surface of the lid into two rows using a cutting tool such as an end mill. Therefore, the processing of the formwork is easy, and furthermore, the lid 20 including the columnar protrusions 24 having a highly accurate shape can be manufactured in parallel at a highly accurate position. This means that the inner slopes and curved surfaces of subtle shapes called medium-drawings and bows can be realized with high accuracy in secondary concrete products, and there is almost no rattling or noise. The lid 20 and the side groove 1 can be provided.

  In the lid 20 shown in FIG. 6, the row-like protrusions 24 continuously extend in the extending direction X. However, it is also effective to provide the row-like protrusions 24 at both ends in the extending direction X. . Furthermore, even if it is the continuous row | line | column protrusion 24 or the intermittent row | line | column protrusion, in the formwork which shape | molds the lid | cover 20, the plate | board material which forms the bottom face 22 of the lid | cover 20 is made into a groove | channel by making a grinding groove | channel with an end mill etc. The lid 20 with 24 can be molded. Therefore, it is easy to remodel a conventional mold for forming a lid having a flat bottom surface into a mold for forming the lid 20 having the row-like projections 24 of this example. At that time, it is also easy to process the mold so that the intermediate surface 27 is formed. Therefore, the lid 20 shown in FIG. 6 is highly effective in preventing rattling and at the same time preventing noise, and can be manufactured and provided at a lower cost.

  Further, the row-like protrusions 24 provided on the left and right sides of the back surface 22 of the lid 20 function as a spacer or a stand when the lid 20 is placed on the ground or the lid 20 is overlapped. In the lid 20 of this example, a recess 31 is formed between the row-shaped protrusions 24 at both ends of the back surface 22 so that a hand, a finger, or a jig can be easily inserted. Clearance is secured. In addition, a notch 32 for a handle is provided so as to be connected to one of the recesses 31.

  In concrete product factories, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the lid 20 is often stacked and stocked. When carrying this lid, about 4 rows or more are lifted at once by the clamp 40. At this time, the clamp 40 is lifted by a force sandwiched by the principle of traversal. However, the lid may fall off only by pressing from both sides of the lid. On the other hand, in the case of the lid 20 of this example, a clearance CM of 10 mm or more can be provided between the surface 21 of the lower lid 20 by the row-like protrusions 24 and the concave portions 31. Therefore, an iron plate of about 9 mm is used for the bent portion 42 of the clamp 40, and the tip 43 of the clamp 40 can be turned to the back surface 22 of the lid 20 and lifted reliably.

  Further, the lid 20 of the present example is very effective in a case where the lid 20 is placed on the ground 45 or the surface of a side groove in a factory or on-site as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). If the bottom of the lid is flat, there is a risk of catching a finger when placing the lid on the ground 45 or the like. Especially with heavy lids, two people work, but if the weight of the lid is about 30 kg to 80 kg, it is dangerous if the workers do not breathe, and there is an accident that breaks the finger or crushes the nail May occur. On the other hand, in the lid 20 of this example, a gap of 10 mm or more can be secured between the ground 45 and the line-shaped protrusion 24, and further, by providing the recess 31, even a thick finger can be safely used. It is easy to secure a clearance CM of about 15 to 20 mm. Therefore, a safe lid 20 can be provided.

  It is possible to increase the protrusion amount t of the row projections 24 to about 15 to 20 mm to form a sufficient clearance. However, if the row projections 24 are made larger, the corresponding weight increases, which is not economical. When the size of the lid 20 is increased, it is desirable to increase the size of the row projections 24, and depending on the size of the lid 20, there may be a case where a sufficient clearance can be secured only by the row projections 24. However, in a small-sized lid, it is not economical to make the row projections 24 larger than necessary, so it is effective to provide the recesses 31 on the back surface 22 in order to ensure clearance. The recesses 31 can be provided in the width direction instead of both ends in the extending direction X. However, since the cross-sectional defect is present in the structural calculation, it is desirable to provide the recesses 31 at both ends in the extending direction X with a load. .

  The idea of providing a recess on the back of the lid and providing a space or clearance for a finger or a jig to be hung can be used even with a conventional lid. This lid with a recess on the back surface does not require the entire back surface to be thin, it is only necessary to thin both sides of the front and back sides, so there is almost no cross-sectional defect, affecting the structure or strength of the lid. Therefore, a lid that can be handled safely can be provided. Moreover, in order to form a recessed part in the back surface of a lid | cover, it becomes possible by sticking a several mm iron plate etc. in the part which forms the back surface of a formwork.

  9 to 12, some examples of the lid support upper surface portion 15 formed along the edge of the opening 9 of the main body 10 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 formed along the edge of the back surface of the lid 20 are shown. It is shown. In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. 9A, an inner curved surface 16 b that is curved toward the inside 5 of the main body in a slightly concave shape is formed inside the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10. Is formed. By combining the lid support upper surface portion 15 with a lid support lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a that is curved toward the inside 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed. Then, the intermediate surface 27 is formed on the lid support lower surface portion 25, and the third point or the third line P3 can be formed so as to be in contact with the boundary portion 19 of the lid support upper surface portion 16. 9 to 12 show a state in which the third point P3 is in contact when the lid 20 is slightly rotated and tilted, but the combination of the left and right lid support upper surface portions 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 is shown. Among them, as described above, one of the third points P3 contacts and the other does not contact.

  In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 10A, an inner curved surface 16 c that is curved slightly toward the inside 5 of the main body 10 inside the lid support upper surface portion 15. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 10 (b), the lid support upper surface portion 15 is combined with a lid support lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a that is curved toward the inside 5 of the main body. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed. Then, the third point or the third line P3 can be formed by providing a projection 29a corresponding to the outer plane part 18 of the lid support upper surface part 15 on the outer plane part 28 on the lid support lower surface part 25. Further, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), by combining with the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 provided with the inner inclined surface 26b inclined toward the inside 5 of the main body, the left and right contacts P1 and P P2 can be formed. Further, by providing the outer flat surface portion 18 of the lid support upper surface portion 15 with the protrusion 29b that hits the outer flat surface portion 28 of the lid support lower surface portion 25, the third point or the third line P3 can be formed.

  The protrusion 29a or 29b forming the third point has a simple structure, but the structure of the mold is reduced to form a small protrusion, so that the manufacture is not so easy. In addition, a certain size is required to secure the strength of the protrusions 29a and 29b, and the contact area tends to increase. Therefore, it is easier to form the third contact P3 using the intermediate surface 27.

  In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 11A, only the inner slope 16 a curved toward the inside 5 of the main body 10 is formed inside the lid support upper surface portion 15 of the main body 10. Yes. By combining the lid support upper surface portion 15 with a lid support lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a curved convexly toward the inside 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 can be formed.

  In the example of the side groove 1 shown in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), an inner slope 16a curved toward the inside 5 of the main body on the inner side of the lid support upper surface portion 15, and an inner plane portion on the inner side thereof 17 is formed. By combining the lid support upper surface portion 15 with a lid support lower surface portion 25 having an inner curved surface 26a curved in a convex shape toward the interior 5 of the main body, as shown in FIG. One point or one line of contacts P1 and P2 are formed. Further, the second inner curved surface 29c protruding from the inner curved surface 26a is formed, and the second inner curved surface 29c is brought into contact with the inner plane 17 of the lid support upper surface portion 15, thereby forming the third contact P3. it can.

  13 to 15 show several cases in which the angle of the inclined surface 16a of the lid support upper surface portion 15 on the main body side is changed. When the angle of the slope 16a is small, the effect of the slope 16a is close to a horizontal plane, and the inner curved surface 26a formed by the protrusions 24 can be supported everywhere. However, even if a load is applied to the lid 20, the state is not stabilized without rattling, and the presence or absence of rattling is determined only by the manufacturing accuracy of the slope 16 a and the manufacturing accuracy of the protrusion 24. That is, the slope 16a and the protrusion 24 may contact at a point, but when the load acting on the lid 20 moves, the contact point moves, and rattling is likely to occur. In order to prevent the movement of the contact P due to the load, the design must be such that only the tip of the projection 24 contacts the inclined surface 16a even if the load moves when the projection 24 has an acute angle. The protrusions 24 have low strength and, conversely, are cracked or chipped due to a load, which causes shakiness. If the angle of the slope 16a is large, when a load is applied to the lid, the contact P moves along the slope 16a and settles at a position where no rattling occurs, and the lid 20 is fixed at that position. Therefore, even when a load is next applied, the lid 20 does not move, no rattling occurs, and no noise is generated. Therefore, it is desirable that the angle of the inner slope 16a is large in terms of preventing rattling.

  However, as the angle of the inclined surface 16a increases, the length (area) projected onto the horizontal plane decreases, so the range in which the protrusion 24 can move becomes narrow, and the possibility of calming under optimal conditions decreases. Of course, the slope 16a may be formed so that the length projected on the horizontal plane is constant, but even in that case, contact is made over a wide area of the steep inner slope 16a unless the size of the protrusion 24 is increased. The lid 20 having the inner curved surface 26a that can be made cannot be manufactured. This tendency is not limited to a combination of a slope and a curved surface, but also applies to a combination of a curved surface and a curved surface.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the inclined surface 16 a is inclined by 45 degrees (π / 4) with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 adopting the inner inclined surface 16a, the reaction force Fi of the load F applied to the contact point P between the main body 10 and the lid 20 is equally decomposed into the sliding direction Fs and the housing direction Fb. Therefore, the load F is almost equally borne by the friction force Fs ′ of the inner slope 16 a and the inner curved surface 26 a of the protrusion 24 and the strength Fb ′ of the casing, that is, the protrusion 24. Further, the sliding direction Fs causes the protrusion 24 to slide with respect to the inclined surface 16a and settles to the contact point P where the protrusion 24 is stably supported by the inclined surface 16a. Therefore, the contact position P does not move and no rattling occurs. Furthermore, a range in which the contact P can move when the lid 20 rotates can be sufficiently secured, for example, about 4 to 5 mm, and the lid 20 can be automatically settled in a stable position.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the slope 16 a is inclined by 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 employing the inclined surface 16a, the force in the housing direction Fb is larger than the force in the sliding direction Fs (sliding force). Therefore, the load Fb ′ supported by the strength of the protrusion 24 increases, and there is a risk of destruction unless the cross-sectional strength of the protrusion 24 is sufficiently secured. Further, since the force in the sliding direction Fs is small, the protrusion 24 is less likely to move relative to the slope 16a as compared to the case shown in FIG. Depending on the position of the load F, rattling is likely to occur. On the other hand, since the angle of the slope portion 16a is small, the range in which the protrusion 24 can move is widened.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the slope 16 a is inclined 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane 18. In the side groove 1 adopting the inner slope 16a, the force in the sliding direction Fs is larger than the force in the housing direction Fb. Therefore, the load Fb ′ supported by the strength of the protrusion 24 is reduced, and the structure of the protrusion 24 is easy. Further, since the force in the sliding direction Fs is large, the protrusion 24 is more easily moved with respect to the inclined surface 16a as compared with the case shown in FIG. 13, and the contact P where no rattling occurs is easily obtained. . However, in practice, since the angle of the inclined surface 16a is large, if the angle exceeds the angle shown in FIG. 15, the range in which the protrusion 24 can move becomes too narrow, and it becomes difficult to obtain a stable contact P. Further, since the projections 24 come into contact with the inner curved surface 26a in the vicinity of the boundary between the inclined surface 16a and the horizontal portion 18, the strength of the support portion 15 on the main body side tends to be a problem, and the angle of the inclined surface 16a is reduced by chipping or abrasion. On the other hand, if it is made larger than this, it becomes easy to generate rattling.

  Therefore, as shown in these figures, considering the strength of the protrusions 24 and the mechanism of rattling, the inclination of the inner slope 16a is preferably in the range of about 30 to 60 degrees, ie around 45 degrees, that is, More preferably, it is in the range of 40 to 50 degrees. The same applies to the inner curved surface.

  As described above, the force applied to the protrusions 24 can be reduced by increasing the slope of the inclined surface 16a. However, in the combination in which an angle hits the inclined surface 16a, a concentrated load is applied to the angle, and the corner chip tends to occur. On the other hand, it is also possible to make point contact by touching curved surfaces having a large difference in curvature, or between a curved surface and a flat surface. If the angle of the slope 16a can be increased, the degree of freedom of the angle of the slope 16a increases. Since the degree of freedom of the shape of the protrusion 24 is increased, a shape that makes point contact between the surfaces can be employed. In this example, the lid 10 provided with the protrusion 24 curved so as to protrude downward is combined with the lid 10 having the linear slope 16a and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 on the lid side, The lid support upper surface portion 15 is in contact with dots in the longitudinal direction.

  In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 16 (a), even if the protrusion 24 curved so as to protrude downward is assembled to the slope (curved surface) 16c curved so as to protrude upward, the contact is made at a point. Can be made. Further, as shown in FIG. 16 (b), it is possible to make contact with a slope (curved surface) 16c curved so as to be convex upward even if a trapezoidal projection 24 protruding downward is combined. Further, as shown in FIG. 16 (c), a protrusion 24 having a different curvature that is curved to be convex downward may be combined with a slope (curved surface) 16b that is curved to be concave upward. Contact can be made at points (lines in the longitudinal direction).

  Such a combination of surfaces increases the strength of the contact portion, so that chipping due to load is less likely to occur, and the side groove 1 that does not generate noise or rattling even under conditions where heavy objects such as vehicles actually pass through. Can be provided. Since the surfaces are in contact with each other, when the load is applied to the lid 20, it is possible to smoothly move the protrusion 24 with respect to the inclined surface 16a without generating a corner chip, and a stable contact position. The protrusion 24 of the lid 20 and the inclined surface 16a of the main body 10 can be brought into contact with each other by P.

  The lid that can be installed in the opening 9 of the main body 10 is not limited to a concrete lid. FIGS. 17 and 18 show a grating lid 50 that can be installed in the opening 9. The grating lid 50 has a higher strength and can be made thinner than the concrete lid. Therefore, in the grating lid 50 shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and 18 (a), the square pipe 51 is attached as the raising member along the edges 53a and 53b of the lid 50 in the extending direction, and the back surface 52 is covered with the lid. It is used as the support lower surface portion 25. In the grating lid 50 shown in FIG. 17, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 17B, a row for forming the inner curved surface 26 a and the intermediate surface 27 at positions eccentric to the inside of the bottom surface 52 of the square pipe 51. A member 55 to be a protrusion is attached.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17C, the row-like protrusions 24 may be formed by bending a plate material. The upper side of the slope of the protrusion can be processed to be gentler than the lower slope. If manufactured by press molding, it is also possible to form the cross section of the protrusion in a state of a medium drawing like the protrusion of the concrete cover, and the same effect as the concrete cover described above can be obtained. Further, the corners of the plate material that forms the row-like protrusions 24 function as a third point P3 that contacts the main body.

  On the other hand, in the grating lid 50 shown in FIG. 18A, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 27 is formed. Of course, the shape of the lid support lower surface portion 25 can be various different patterns as described above.

  Furthermore, the shape of the main body of the side groove 1 is not limited to the U-shape. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a side groove block 60 whose upper central portion, called a free-gradient side groove or a gate-type side groove, is an open (opening) 9 and whose end is a culvert 8 is a main body. It is. The side groove block 60 is open at the bottom, and the bottom surface 61 is formed by hitting the invert concrete 7 in-situ with an appropriate inclination. Then, as shown in FIG. 20, the side groove 1 can be formed by connecting the side groove block 60 in the longitudinal direction (extending direction) X. Further, the lid 20 can be attached to the central opening 9 of each side groove block 60 so as to be detachable.

  The lid support upper surface portion 15 described above is formed on the left and right lid receiving portions 12a and 12b of the opening 9 of the side groove block 60. When combined with the lid support lower surface portion 25 of the lid 20, Noise can be prevented. In addition, in this free gradient side groove block 60, it is needless to say that the various combinations of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25 described above can be adopted.

  FIG. 21 shows an example in which different types of lids 65 are mounted on the side groove block 60 in cross section. The lid 65 has a central portion 66 protruding downward, that is, into the inside of the side groove main body 60, and a side surface 67 of the lid 65 is inclined to the lower side of the lid support lower surface portion 25, or is curved to protrude downward. It functions as a part forming the inner curved surface 26a. This type of lid 60 can be set not only in the free gradient side groove block 60 but also in the opening 9 of the U-shaped side groove block 10 described above, and the lid 20 on which the columnar protrusions 24 are formed. As with, rattling and noise can be prevented.

  However, in the lid 65, since the central portion 66 protrudes downward as a whole, the lid 65 is thick as a whole and increases in weight, which is not economical. Further, since the bottom surface 68 of the central portion 66 is grounded when the lids 65 are stacked and stacked or placed on the ground or the like, no clearance is formed between the ground and other lids. Therefore, the lid 20 on which the above-described row projections 24 are formed is excellent in terms of economy and safety. Of course, by forming the recess 31 on the bottom surface 68 of the central projection 66, it is possible to form a clearance into which a hand or a jig can enter.

  22 (a) and 22 (b) show different examples of the lid. In the lid 20a, the row-shaped protrusions 24 provided on the bottom surface 22 are divided at substantially the center thereof. Further, a notch 38 is formed in the flat portion 28 at the position where the protrusion 24 is divided. The notch 38 functions as a handle and also functions as a water intake for rainwater and the like. As shown in FIG. 23, a notch 69 for guiding rainwater to the inside of the main body is also formed at the position where the projection 24 is divided on the side of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 on the main body side of the opening 9 to which the lid 20a is attached. If the cover 20a is attached to the opening 9, the drainage of the road 2 can be smoothly guided to the inside 5 of the main body 10 as shown in FIG.

  In the protrusion 24, the section of the divided central end 24c is smaller than the cross section of the end 24b in the extending direction, and the protrusion 24 has an arcuate shape as a whole. Further, the central end 24 c is processed into a circular shape so that the corner of the end 24 c does not hit the main body side support portion 15. Moreover, it is a shape convenient also for preventing the corner | angular chipping of the edge part 24c. It is desirable that the protrusion 24 is generally along the arcuate shape and is smoothly deformed into an arcuate shape as a whole. It is possible to change the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the projection 24 stepwise or intermittently to form an overall arcuate shape, but in such a shape, the boundary portion where the cross-sectional shape is changed stepwise is the main body. It becomes easy to hit the slope part 16a of the side support part 15, and the contact of the longitudinal direction X tends to become discontinuous. Therefore, rattling is likely to occur. Such a phenomenon can be prevented by continuously changing the cross-sectional shape similarly.

  FIG. 25A shows still another example of the lid. In the lid 20b of this example, two rows of protrusions 24 are formed on the back surface 22, and the end 24b in the extending direction is processed into a circle or a hemisphere. Therefore, the end of the protrusion 24 is not easily chipped and the shape of the protrusion is stable. In the lid 20b of this example, as shown in FIG. 25B, the end surface 35 of the lid 20b is almost vertical. Accordingly, when considering the case where a load is applied above the end surface 35 of the lid 20b, the end 24b of the protrusion 24 is circular or spherical, and the point P where the protrusion 24 actually contacts the inclined surface 16a is on the center side of the lid 20. Even if it is slightly shifted, there is no possibility of rattling due to the movement of the load. That is, even if the end 24b of the protrusion 24 is rounded to reduce the effective length of the protrusion 24 to some extent, it does not affect the play. On the other hand, when there is a certain degree of inclination of the end face 35, it is desirable to maximize the effective length of the protrusion 24, and it is desirable to extend the end 24b of the protrusion to the end face 35. The lid 20b as shown in FIG. 25 is often used in the U-shaped side groove 10 that covers the opening by arranging the lids adjacent to each other. Further, a lid with a large inclination of the end face 35 is often used for the free gradient side groove 60 in which the range of the opening 9 is limited.

  By chamfering the both ends 24b of the protrusion in a substantially spherical shape, the corners of the protrusion 24 can be prevented from being chipped, and the possibility that the corners of the protrusion 24 hit the main body side support portion 15 to be damaged can be eliminated. If the protrusion 24 is cut off or the main body side support portion 15 is damaged, there is a possibility of causing rattling or noise, and it is desirable to prevent such a situation as much as possible. Such a protrusion 24 can be formed by digging a groove with an end mill in an iron plate of a lid mold. And the groove | channel by which both ends are shape | molded substantially spherical can be manufactured by raising the tooth | gear of an end mill in the edge part of the groove | channel formed in the mold.

  FIGS. 26A and 26B show still another example of the lid. The lid 20c of this example is processed to such an extent that the end 24b in the extending direction of the protrusion 24 is not spherical but is slightly reduced. Therefore, since the point P in contact with the main body side support portion moves in the direction of the side surface 35, even when the inclination of the side surface 35 is large, back and forth rattling can be prevented in the same manner as the lid 20b shown in FIG.

  When the side surface (end surface) 35 has a large inclination as in the lid 20c shown in FIG. 26, if both ends 24b of the projection 24 are processed into a substantially spherical or spherical shape, the contact point between the lid support upper surface portion 15 on the main body side and the projection 24 is obtained. Moves to the inside of the lid 20 (relative to the longitudinal direction X of the side groove). For this reason, when a load such as a tire is placed on either end of the lid, the opposite side is likely to float. Therefore, since rattling may occur, it is desirable that both ends 24b of the protrusion 24 are not processed into a spherical shape. However, in order to prevent corner breakage and damage to the main body support portion, both ends 24b extending in a row of protrusions 24 are reduced, and the contact P is arranged as far outside as possible to prevent corner breakage. In particular, since the projection 24 of the lid is slightly narrowed toward the central portion 24a, there are many cases in which the load is supported at both ends 24b. By reducing the both ends 24b of the protrusion, even when a load is concentrated on both ends, the contact with the main body support portion 15 becomes smooth, so that the protrusion 24 and the main body support portion 15 are hardly damaged, and the durability is improved. High-capacity lid 20c and structure 1 with an opening can be provided. The protrusions 24 with the ends 24b reduced can freely adjust the degree of reduction by adjusting the degree to which the teeth of the end mill are lifted when forming the groove for the protrusion on the mold by the end mill. The shape is not stepped and can be reduced smoothly and continuously.

  27 to 29 show a method of manufacturing the free gradient side groove block 60. FIG. FIGS. 27A and 27B are outlines of a mold 70 forming a conventional free gradient side groove block. The free slope side groove block is formed in an inverted state. For this reason, an inner mold frame 72 that defines the inner surface of the block is placed on a bottom mold frame (base plate) 71 that forms the lid receiving portion 12 of the opening, and an outer mold frame 73 that defines the outer surface of the block on the outside thereof. Is placed, and concrete is poured into a space 74 between the inner mold 72 and the outer mold 73 to form a block. Then, the inner mold frame 72 is lifted up and removed. At that time, the inner mold 72 is narrowed inward. Therefore, since the inner mold frame 72 and the bottom mold frame 71 are not integrated but are assembled, a delicate gap is generated between the inner mold frame 72 and the bottom mold frame 71. There is a possibility that a phenomenon of leaking of the concrete nose or trowel 79 will occur.

  In particular, the accuracy of the portion of the medium where the inner mold frame 72 and the bottom mold frame 71 are in contact with each other cannot be so high. When the tro leakage occurs from this portion of the medals, the cement paste is lost, the color becomes black, and the aesthetics deteriorate in the portion where the tro leakage occurs. Also, it loses strength and is easily chipped. Since this part is a corner, it is easy to literally lack a corner.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 28A, the side groove block 60 of the present example is conventionally disposed on the inner side of the bottom mold 71 that is flat so as to form the flat lid receiving portion 12 of the opening 9. It can be formed by attaching an auxiliary form frame (upper surface inner forming portion) 80 that forms the inner slope 16a or the inner curved surface 16b or 16c for constituting the lid support upper surface portion 15. The auxiliary mold 80 may be a joint material, and can be easily attached to a predetermined position of the bottom mold 71 by welding or the like. Therefore, it can be used as a mold for a side groove block by simply remodeling the conventional mold for forming the side groove block 60. The same is true for the mold for forming the U-shaped side groove block 10. For this reason, the main body, that is, the side groove block, can be manufactured at an extremely low cost by making use of the mold for manufacturing the past side groove block.

  If the joint material 80 for forming the lid support upper surface portion 15 is enlarged, the lid support upper surface portion 15 without the flat surface portion 18 on the outside can be formed. However, the inner curved surface or the inner slope 16 occupies most of the shape of the lid support upper surface portion 15. Forming the lid supporting lower surface 25 on the back surface of the lids 20, 50, and 65 with the large-sized inner curved surface or the inner sloped surface 26 so as to come into contact with the large-sized inner curved surface or the inner slope 16 means that the weight of the lid It leads to increase, is not economical and is inconvenient to handle. Furthermore, when the lid is thick, the cross-sectional area of the flow path 5 inside the side groove main body 10 is also reduced. Therefore, it is desirable that the size of the inner curved surface or the inner slope of the lid supporting upper surface portion 15 and the lid supporting lower surface portion 25 be a minimum size that can obtain a point where three points or three lines hit.

  Therefore, by providing an inner slope and / or an inner curved surface limited to the inside of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lid support lower surface portion 25, the effect of preventing rattling and noise can be obtained. By leaving and 28, the assets of the former formwork can be diverted, which is a very economical solution. Further, by leaving the flat portions 18 and 28, even if an unpredictable situation such as a load exceeding the design is applied to the lid, the flat portions of the lid support upper surface portion 15 and the lower surface portion 28 come into contact with each other. It is possible to prevent the worst situation that the lid rotates and falls. Therefore, it is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  The joint material 80 for forming the lid support upper surface portion 15 interferes with the bottom surface 72a of the inner mold frame 72 as shown in FIG. It is desirable that the upper surface 81 to be a flat surface is flat. Therefore, when the joint material 80 having such a shape is used, the lid support upper surface portion 15 having a shape in which the inner flat surface 17 is formed inside the inner inclined surface 16a or the inner curved surface 16b or 16c is formed. Further, by improving the accuracy of the upper surface 81 of the joint material 80, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a gap in which tro leakage occurs. Further, by adopting a joint material 80 having a wide upper surface 81, tro leakage can be minimized.

  In this joint material 80, as shown in the drawing, it is desirable to change the slope from the inclined portion so that the upper surface 81 has a gentle angle or a horizontal surface. In a mold having a structure in which the inner mold 72 is lifted when the product is removed, and then is hung down during assembly, the inner mold 72 may collide with the joint material 80 when the inner mold 72 is hung. If the upper surface of the joint material 80 has an acute angle, the upper surface of the joint material may be destroyed. When the angle of the upper surface is gentle or horizontal, even when the inner mold 72 is suspended, it is difficult to be damaged even if it contacts the joint material. However, in the U-shaped side groove, the inner mold is fixed, so there is no such concern. However, if a joint material with a sharp edge protruding from it is used, the corners of the joint material tend to hurt due to interference with reinforcing bars. Therefore, it is effective for the U-shaped side groove that the top surface of the joint material has a gentle angle or is horizontal. The inner slope or inner curved surface of the main body molded by such a mold has a shape having a horizontal or gentle surface with a gradient change inside thereof.

  However, even in the method of FIG. 28A, there is still a possibility that a minute gap is generated between the joint material 80 and the inner mold 72, so that the paste may flow out. Toro leakage 79 is not completely eliminated by the method shown.

  On the other hand, in the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 29A, as shown in FIG. 29B or 29C, the inner side of the joint material 80 attached to the inner side of the bottom mold 71, A bottom surface 72 a of the mold 72, that is, an opening forming portion for forming the inside of the opening 9 is inserted. That is, the joint material 80 is not attached so as to be positioned below the inner mold 72, but is attached so as to be on the side surface of the inner mold 72. By adopting such an arrangement, the joint material 81 and the inner mold 72 are pressed against each other. In particular, by welding the joint material 81 with a dimension slightly smaller than the outer width of the inner mold frame 72 (for example, about 1 to 2 mm), the inner mold frame 72 is lowered and the bottom mold frame 71 is welded. When assembled, the inner mold 72 has a force to spread outward, and the gap between the joint material 80 and the inner mold 72 can be almost eliminated. Therefore, even if the inner mold frame 72 is slightly distorted, it is guided by the joint material 80, and the inner mold frame 72 and the joint material 80 are in close contact with each other, and it is difficult to form a path in which toro leakage occurs. Furthermore, even if there is a route that may cause toro leakage, the route will be much longer than before, and it will be bent rather than linear, so there is a possibility that the toro leakage will stop midway. high.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 29 (a), by adopting a manufacturing method in which a portion for forming the opening of the inner mold frame 72 is inserted into the joint material 80 for forming the lid support upper surface portion 15, It is possible to almost completely prevent the phenomenon that the trowel leaks into the opening of the concrete block, and it is possible to manufacture a free-gradient side groove 60 that has good aesthetics and is less likely to be chipped. Further, by combining this free-gradient side groove 60 with the lid 20 or 65, it is possible to substantially prevent rattling and noise between the lid and the main body, and it is possible to construct a silencing-type side groove. Become.

  In the above, a concrete side groove block is used as a main body, and a structure in which a lid is installed on the main body opening is described as an example. A silencing type block can be provided by applying the above configuration to other concrete blocks provided with the above. Moreover, the material which forms the main body provided with the opening is not limited to concrete. However, by preparing a lid support upper surface portion and a lid support lower surface portion having a very simple shape, a silencer type can be obtained, which is suitable for concrete products in which it is difficult to realize a fine shape. In particular, it is suitable for a side groove block in which rattling or noise due to the passage of a vehicle is a problem. And since rattling can also be prevented, the problem of a lid flipping up can also be prevented.

  In addition, the above shows a lid that is stable by contact with three points or three lines in the width or cross-sectional direction, but in a side groove that is installed in a place with low load such as a sidewalk, it contacts with two points or two lines. Even in such a configuration, it is possible to obtain an effect of preventing rattling and further preventing noise. In particular, in the case of a lid provided with two rows of line-shaped projections on the back surface of the lid, in addition to the effects of preventing rattling and noise caused by contact at two points or two lines, as described above, Since the jig and jig can be easily inserted into the back surface, a remarkable effect of safety can be obtained. Since the inner slope or inner curved surface on the main body side that receives the row protrusions is inclined toward the inside of the main body, it is possible to increase the size of the row protrusions. It is possible to secure an effective space that does not occur. Moreover, the lid can be lightened by using the row-like projections, and in this respect, the lid is safe, easy to work and economical, and has an effect of preventing noise and rattling. Can be provided.

  Also, a front / rear or left / right asymmetric lid can be provided. For example, in the case of a lid provided with a hand chip on one side, the angle on the inner slope or inner curved surface of one lid supporting lower surface is changed so that the direction on the roadway side always comes in contact with two lines or two points. It can also be shaped. By designing the inner slope or inner curvature angle on the side contacting with two lines to be slightly larger than the other, it is possible to predetermine the side contacting with two lines, and in this state, the upper surface of the lid is horizontal By designing so as to be, the occurrence of a slight step between the lid or the main body and the lid can be suppressed.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the block for side grooves. It is a figure which shows the state which constructed the side groove with the block for side grooves of FIG. It is a figure which expands and shows the cover receiving part of the block for side grooves shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the cover support lower surface part of a lid | cover and the cover support upper surface part of the block for side grooves (main body) are contacting in three points in the width direction (cross-sectional direction) in the cover receiving part of the block for side grooves shown in FIG. . It is a figure which shows the relationship between a fulcrum and a reinforcing bar. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of a lid | cover, (a) is a top view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is a rear view (a front is shown with a broken line), (d) is a side view, (e) is sectional drawing. It is. It is a figure which shows the state which accumulated the lid | cover shown in FIG. 6, (a) is shown with sectional drawing, (b) is shown with the front view. It is a figure which shows the state which put the cover shown in FIG. 6 on the ground, (a) is shown with sectional drawing, (b) is shown with the front view. It is a figure which shows the example from which the combination of a cover support upper surface part and a cover support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a cover support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the combined state. It is a figure which shows the example from which the combination of a cover support upper surface part and a cover support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a cover support upper surface part, (b) And (c) is a figure which shows the state combined. It is a figure which shows the example from which the combination of a cover support upper surface part and a cover support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a cover support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the combined state. It is a figure which shows the example from which the combination of a cover support upper surface part and a cover support lower surface part differs, (a) shows a cover support upper surface part, (b) is a figure which shows the combined state. It is a figure explaining an effect | action when the angle of a slope part is 45 degree | times, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a processus | protrusion, (b) has decomposed | disassembled and shown the force which acts. It is a figure explaining the effect | action when the angle of a slope part is 30 degree | times, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a processus | protrusion, (b) has decomposed | disassembled and shown the force which acts. It is a figure explaining the effect | action when the angle of a slope part is 60 degree | times, (a) shows the combination of a slope part and a processus | protrusion, (b) has decomposed | disassembled and shown the force which acts. It is a figure which shows the combination of the shape of a slope part and a processus | protrusion, (a) is the combination of the processus | protrusion curved part and the processus | protrusion curved downward, (b) A combination with a protrusion protruding in a trapezoidal shape, (c) shows a combination of a slope portion curved concavely upward and a protrusion curved convexly downward. It is a figure which shows the example of a grating lid | cover, (a) shows the width direction, (b) is a figure which expands and shows a lid | cover receiving part. (C) is an enlarged view showing a different configuration. It is a figure which shows the example from which a grating lid | cover differs, (a) shows the width direction, (b) is a figure which expands and shows a lid | cover receiving part. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows schematic structure of the block for different side grooves. It is a figure which shows the state which constructed the side groove | channel by the block for side grooves of FIG. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows schematic structure of the block for gutters in which a different lid | cover was installed. It is a figure which shows the external shape of a different lid | cover, (a) is a bottom face, (b) has shown the side surface. It is a top view of the block for gutters in which the lid | cover shown in FIG. 22 is installed. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which combined the cover shown in FIG. 14 with the block for side grooves shown in FIG. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows the external shape of a different lid | cover, (a) is a bottom face, (b) has shown the side surface. Furthermore, it is a figure which shows the external shape of a different lid | cover, (a) is a bottom face, (b) has shown the side surface. FIG. 27A is a view showing an outline of a mold forming a conventional side groove block, and FIG. 27B is an enlarged view showing a medium portion. FIG. 28A is a view showing an outline of a mold forming the side groove block of this example, and FIG. 28B is an enlarged view showing a portion of a medium. FIG. 29A is a diagram showing an outline of a different example of the mold forming the side groove block of this example, and FIG. 29B is a diagram showing an enlarged portion of the medium.

Explanation of symbols

1 Side groove 10, 60 Side groove block 20, 50, 65 Lid 15 Lid support upper surface part, 16 Inner slope or inner curved surface, 18 Outer plane 25 Lid support lower surface part, 26 Inner slope or inner curved surface, 28 Outer plane

Claims (2)

A structure with an opening having a lid and a main body with a square opening on which the lid is placed,
A lid support upper surface portion facing the bottom surface of the lid is formed along one set of edges of the opening,
A lid support lower surface portion facing each of the lid support upper surface portions is formed along one set of edges of the lid,
The lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion are located inside thereof, and are at least one inner inclined surface inclined toward the inside of the main body and / or at least one inner surface curved toward the inside of the main body. It has a curved surface and a substantially horizontal plane located outside,
In the width direction orthogonal to the extending direction at least in the vicinity of both ends of the extending direction in which the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion extend, surfaces that constitute the lid supporting upper surface portion and the lid supporting lower surface portion, By the combination of the inner slope and / or the inner curved surface, the lid support upper surface portion and the lid support lower surface portion on both sides are in contact with each other at least two locations
The lid has, on the back surface, two rows of row-shaped protrusions that constitute the inner slope or inner curved surface,
A structure with an opening provided with a recess formed at an end in the extending direction and formed on a back surface between the row-shaped protrusions. The planar shape placed on the opening of the main body is a substantially rectangular lid,
A lid support lower surface portion facing a lid support upper surface portion provided along a pair of edges of the opening of the main body, the lid support lower surface portion being located inside and inclined toward the inside of the main body; At least one inner slope, and / or at least one inner curved surface curved toward the interior of the body, and a substantially horizontal plane located outside,
Two rows of line-shaped protrusions constituting the inner slope or the inner curved surface on the back surface;
A lid having an end in the extending direction and a recess formed on a back surface between the row-shaped protrusions.

Images