JP2005329463A - Friction stirring and joining apparatus and friction stirring and joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction stirring and joining apparatus capable of easily performing the friction stirring and joining of works having a section with a non-circular contour with each other without generating deflection. <P>SOLUTION: In the friction stirring and joining apparatus, end faces of two works 1 having a section of a non-circular contour are abutted on each other, a probe 5 of a tool 2 for friction stirring and joining is embedded in an abutted part in a rotating manner across the end faces, and the works 1 are friction-stirred-and-joined with each other by rotating the works 1 around the center line in this condition. The friction stirring and joining apparatus includes two ring-shaped holders 3 having a cylindrical outer circumferential surface with each work 1 passed therethrough, a fixing means to attachably/detachably fix each work 1 to/from each holder 3, and a supporting means which is arranged on the opposite side to the tool 2 for friction stirring and joining across the works 1 to rotatably support the outer circumferential surface of the holders. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction stir welding apparatus and a friction stir welding method for manufacturing a metal product having a non-circular cross-sectional shape used in various industries.

  In recent years, the friction stir welding method, which is a solid phase bonding method, has the advantage that deformation and cracking due to thermal strain are less likely to occur compared to fusion welding methods such as TIG and MIG, and the bonding strength increases, so it is widely applied. It has come to be.

  By the way, in the friction stir welding method, two materials to be joined are brought into contact with each other, and the probe at the tip of the rotor of the friction stir welding tool is inserted into this contact portion while being rotated. The probe is moved along the abutting portion by relatively moving both the joining members and the probe while pressing the shoulder portion between the portion and the probe against both the materials to be joined. Therefore, at the time of friction stir welding, it is necessary to support both of the materials to be bonded from the opposite end side of the friction stir welding tool in order to prevent the bending of the materials to be bonded due to the pressing pressure of the shoulder.

  As a friction stir welding apparatus capable of preventing bending of the materials to be joined at the time of friction stir welding between the materials to be joined having a circular cross-sectional outer shape, the present applicant firstly puts the materials to be joined for friction stir welding. The one provided with a pair of support rollers arranged on the opposite side of the tool and straddling both the joined materials has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied to friction stir welding between materials to be joined having a non-circular cross-section. In order to apply, it is necessary to move a pair of support rollers in a three-dimensional manner along with the rotation of the material to be joined, and to always bring both rollers into contact with the material to be joined. It is very difficult.
Japanese Patent No. 3290617

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a friction stir welding apparatus and a friction stir welding capable of simply and frictionally joining materials to be joined having non-circular cross-sections without causing bending. It is to provide a method.

1) The end faces of two materials to be joined that have a non-circular cross-section are brought into contact with each other, and the probe of the friction stir welding tool is inserted into this contacted portion so as to straddle both. A friction stir welding apparatus used for friction stir welding of both workpieces by rotating both workpieces around the center line in a state,
An outer peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface, and at least one ring-shaped holder through which each material to be bonded is passed, fixing means for removably fixing each material to be bonded to each holder, and a material to be bonded A friction stir welding apparatus provided with a supporting means that is disposed on the opposite side of the friction stir welding tool and supports the outer peripheral surface of the holder rotatably.

  2) The friction stir welding apparatus according to 1) above, wherein the ring-shaped holder is composed of a plurality of constituent members.

  3) The friction according to 2) above, wherein the ring-shaped holder is composed of two constituent members pivoted to each other at one end portion, and the other end portions of both constituent members are detachably fixed. Stir welding device.

  4) The friction stir welding apparatus according to 2) above, wherein the ring-shaped holder is composed of at least two constituent members, and both end portions of these constituent members are detachably fixed.

  5) A plurality of fixing means are provided in the holding tool at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the position can be adjusted in the radial direction of the holding tool. Friction stir welding device.

  6) A fixing means is formed in the holder at intervals in the circumferential direction, and in order to penetrate the holder in the radial direction, a screw hole, a male screw shaft screwed into the female screw hole, and a male screw shaft It consists of a pressing member attached to the inner end of the holder in the radial direction, and when the pressing member abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined, the outer radial end of the screw shaft is outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder. 5. The friction stir welding apparatus according to 5), which is not protruded.

  7) The friction stir welding apparatus according to any one of 1) to 6) above, wherein the support means includes a plurality of support rollers that are rotatable around an axis extending in a length direction of the materials to be joined.

  8) The friction stir welding apparatus according to 7) above, wherein each holding tool is rotatably supported by a pair of two support rollers that are rotatable around an axis extending in the length direction of the materials to be joined.

  9) The device according to any one of 1) to 8) above, wherein the holding device is disposed on the opposite side of the support unit and includes a pressing unit that presses the holding device toward the support unit. Friction stir welding device.

  10) Each pressing means includes a pressing main body, two pressing rollers provided on the pressing main body so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the length direction of the material to be joined, and rolling along the outer peripheral surface of the holder. The movable pressing roller is movable with respect to the pressing body so that one pressing roller approaches and separates from the supporting means, and the movable pressing roller is urged to the supporting means side by a compression coil spring. The friction stir welding apparatus according to 9) above.

  11) A roller mounting member is pivotally attached to the pressing body of each pressing means so as to be swingable around an axis extending in the length direction of the material to be bonded, and the center of the material to be bonded in the roller mounting member. A pressure roller is attached to both sides of the wire, and a movable pressure roller is rotatably attached to an end of a movable suspension rod that movably penetrates the roller attachment member, and between the roller attachment member and the movable pressure roller. 10. The friction stir welding apparatus as described in 10) above, wherein a compression coil spring is mounted.

  12) A method of friction stir welding two materials to be welded having a non-circular cross-section using the friction stir welding apparatus described in any one of 1) to 11) above, The material is passed through each ring-shaped holder and fixed to the holder by the fixing means, the end faces of the both bonded materials are brought into contact with each other, the two holding tools are supported by the supporting means, and both the bonded materials are contacted Insert the probe of the friction stir welding tool into the part so as to straddle the two parts while rotating the probe around the center line while rotating the probe around the center line. Friction stir welding method comprising moving across.

  13) Maintaining an angle θ between the axis of the probe of the friction stir welding tool and the front portion in the joining direction at the point where the axis intersects the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined at 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 ° The friction stir welding method according to 12).

  14) The friction stir welding method according to 13) above, wherein the angle θ is maintained at 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 ° by changing the angle of the axis of the probe in the friction stir welding tool.

  15) The friction stir welding method according to 13) or 14) above, wherein the angle θ is maintained at 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 ° by moving both members to be joined in the cross section.

  16) A method for friction stir welding of two workpieces having a non-circular cross-sectional profile using the friction stir welding apparatus described in 10) or 11) above, and detecting the amount of deformation of the compression coil spring The friction stir welding method according to any one of 12) to 15) above, wherein the pressing force of the holder by the pressing roller is controlled based on the deformation amount.

  17) A joined body composed of at least two materials to be joined, which are friction stir welded by the method according to any one of 12) to 16) and have a non-circular cross-sectional outer shape.

  18) The joined body according to 17) above, wherein the cross-sectional outer shape of the materials to be joined is a polygonal shape.

  19) The joined body according to 17) above, wherein the cross-sectional outer shape of the material to be joined is an oval.

  20) The joined body according to any one of 17) to 19) above, wherein the material to be joined is cylindrical.

  21) A container comprising a cylindrical body and a closing plate that closes at least one end opening of the body, the container having a shape that is divided in the length direction of the body, and having a non-circular cross-section. A container in which a material to be joined is friction stir welded by any one of the above methods 12) to 16).

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus of 1) above, at the time of friction stir welding between the materials to be joined having a non-circular cross-sectional shape, at least one material to be joined is passed through the ring-shaped holding tool and fixed to the holding tool by the fixing means. By fixing and further bringing the end faces of the materials to be joined into contact with each other and supporting the two holding tools by the supporting means, the materials to be joined can be easily supported around the center line. Therefore, the probe at the tip of the rotor of the friction stir welding tool is embedded in the contact portion of both workpieces so as to straddle both, and in this state, between the small diameter portion of the rotor and the probe When the probe is moved over the entire circumference of the abutting portion by rotating both the joining members around the center line while pressing the shoulder portions against the both joining materials, the joining material can be prevented from being bent. .

  According to the friction stir welding apparatuses 2) to 5), it is possible to relatively easily fix the materials to be joined to the holder.

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus 6), the structure of the fixing means is simple. In addition, since the radially outer end of the screw shaft does not protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder when the pressing member abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined, There will be no obstacle to support.

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus of the above 7) and 8), both members to be joined can be supported so as to be freely rotatable around the center line. Therefore, the probe at the tip of the rotor of the friction stir welding tool is embedded in the contact portion of both workpieces so as to straddle both, and in this state, between the small diameter portion of the rotor and the probe When the probe is moved over the entire circumference of the abutting portion by rotating both the joining members around the center line while pressing the shoulder portions against the both joining materials, the joining material can be prevented from being bent. .

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus of 9), the holding means can be pressed toward the support means by the pressing means, and as a result, the center line of the material to be joined and the center line of the device for rotating the material to be joined Can be reliably prevented. Therefore, it is possible to reliably join the materials to be joined.

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus of the above 10) and 11), the deformation amount of the compression coil spring can be detected, and the pressing force of the holder by the pressing roller can be controlled based on the deformation amount, and as a result, automatic control Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent the positional deviation between the center line of the material to be joined and the center line of the device that rotates the material to be joined.

  According to the friction stir welding method of the above 12), at the time of friction stir welding between the materials to be joined whose cross-sectional outer shape is non-circular, both the materials to be joined can be easily and freely supported around the center line. . Therefore, the probe at the tip of the rotor of the friction stir welding tool is embedded in the contact portion of both workpieces so as to straddle both, and in this state, between the small diameter portion of the rotor and the probe When the probe is moved over the entire circumference of the abutting portion by rotating both the joining members around the center line while pressing the shoulder portions against the both joining materials, the joining material can be prevented from being bent. .

  According to the friction stir welding methods 13) to 15) above, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of internal defects and the occurrence of thinning in the joint, and as a result, it is possible to prevent a significant decrease in the strength of the joint. Become.

  According to the friction stir welding method of the above 16), the deformation amount of the compression coil spring can be detected, and the pressing force of the holding tool by the pressing roller can be controlled based on this deformation amount. A positional shift between the center line of the bonding material and the center line of the device for rotating the material to be bonded can be reliably prevented.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum. Also, the left and right in FIG. 1 are referred to as left and right, the top and bottom in FIG. 2 are referred to as top and bottom, the right side in FIG.

  1 and 2 show the overall configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the main part thereof. 4 and 5 show a friction stir welding method performed using the apparatus shown in FIGS.

  1 and 2, the friction stir welding apparatus friction stirs two metal workpieces having a non-circular cross-section, in this case, an aluminum cylindrical workpiece (1) having an elliptical cross section. A friction stir welding tool (2) and two ring-shaped holders (3) arranged on the left and right sides of the friction stir welding tool (2) and holding each material to be joined (1) And a fixing means for detachably fixing the workpiece (1) to each holder (3), and the opposite side (lower side) of the friction stir welding tool (2) across the workpiece (1) And supporting means for rotatably supporting the outer peripheral surface of the holder (3).

  In this specification and claims, the term “oval” includes not only an ellipse defined by mathematics but also a shape approximate to an ellipse, for example, an oval.

  Each material to be joined (1) is made of, for example, any one of a JIS A2000 alloy, a JIS A5000 alloy, a JIS A6000 alloy, and a JIS A7000 alloy. Both the bonded materials (1) may be formed of the same material or may be formed of different materials.

  The friction stir welding tool (2) includes a cylindrical rotor (4) in which a small-diameter portion (4a) is integrally formed coaxially with a tapered portion at a tip portion, and a small-diameter portion of the rotor (4) ( 4a) is provided with a pin-like probe (5) integrally formed coaxially with the small diameter portion (4a) and having a smaller diameter than the small diameter portion (4a). The rotor (4) and the probe (5) are formed of a material that is harder than both of the members to be bonded (1) and has heat resistance that can withstand frictional heat generated during bonding.

  The outer peripheral surface of each holder (3) is a cylindrical surface, and each workpiece (1) is held in a state of being passed through each holder (3). Each holder (3) is composed of two substantially semicircular component members (7) pivotally attached to each other at one end by a pin (6) (see FIG. 3). ) Are fixed in a detachable manner. The other end portions of both constituent members (7) are detachably fixed by a known appropriate means such as a screw, a pin or a hook. However, in a state where the tip portions of the two component members (7) are fixed, these means are prevented from projecting radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder (3). Note that the holder (3) is detachably fixed to both ends of the two substantially semicircular component members (7) by known appropriate means such as screws, pins, hooks, etc., instead of the above-described ones. It may be what was done. Also in this case, in a state where both end portions of both the constituent members (7) are fixed, these means are prevented from projecting radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder (3).

  The fixing means for fixing the material to be joined (1) to the holder (3) is spaced in the circumferential direction of each component member (7) of the holder (3) and penetrates the component member (7) in the radial direction. Multiple, here two female screw holes (8), a male screw shaft (9) screwed into each female screw hole (8) and movable in the radial direction of the holder (3), and a male screw The holding member (11) is attached to the radially inner end of the holder (3) on the shaft (9). The holding member (11) includes a metal substrate (11a) fixed to the male screw shaft (9), and a contact member (11b) fixed to the substrate (11a) and in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined (1). And more. The contact member (11b) is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined (1), can prevent the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined (1) from being scratched, and has a cross-sectional outer shape that is different. It is preferable to use a material made of a material that is softer and more elastically deformable than the material to be bonded (1) such as a synthetic resin or a synthetic rubber so that it can also be used in the case of a bonding material. Then, by moving all male screw shafts (9) radially inward of the holder (3) and pressing the contact member (11b) of the pressing member (11) against the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined (1) The material to be joined (1) is fixed to the holder (3). In a state where the material to be joined (1) is fixed to the holder (3), the outer end of the male screw shaft (9) does not protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder (3).

  The support means is composed of two pairs of left and right rollers (13) composed of two support rollers (12) which are long in the left-right direction and are arranged on the lower side of both holders (3) at intervals in the front-rear direction. Yes. Each support roller (12) is attached to a support member (15) fixed to the base (14) so as to be rotatable around an axis extending in the left-right direction. All the support rollers (12) have the same shape and dimensions, and the support rollers (12) before and after the left roller pair (13) and the support rollers (12) before and after the right roller pair (13) are respectively front and rear. In the same position with respect to direction. Further, the distance between the axes of the front and rear support rollers (12) in each roller pair (13) is smaller than the outer diameter of each holder (3). In addition, as a support means, you may use what consists of two support rollers front and back which are long in the left-right direction so that both holders (3) may be straddled, and can support both holders (3) rotatably simultaneously. . Further, not only two support rollers, but also one support roller whose axis is disposed in the same vertical plane as the central axis of the holder (3). A support member that is in sliding contact with the holder (3) may be used.

  A pressing device (16) (pressing means) for pressing each holding tool (3) toward the left and right roller pair (13) on the side opposite to the left and right roller pair (13) across each holding tool (3) Is arranged. Each pressing device (16) is pivoted to the pressing body (17) that is moved up and down by a driving means (not shown) and to the pressing body (17) so as to swing around an axis that is long in the front-rear direction and extends in the left-right direction. The attached roller mounting member (18) and the front and rear end portions of the roller mounting member (18) are respectively rotatable around an axis extending in the left-right direction and along the outer peripheral surface of the holder (3). And two pressing rollers (19) and (21) that roll. Both pressing rollers (19) and (21) are located at an equal distance from the center of swing of the roller mounting member (18).

  The pressing body (17) is provided with a bracket (17a) projecting downward, and the center portion in the front-rear direction (length direction) of the roller mounting member (18) is connected to the bracket (17a) by the pin (22). It is pivotally attached. The front pressing roller (19) is a movable pressing roller (19) that can approach and separate from the support roller (12), and a movable suspension rod that penetrates the roller mounting member (18) so as to be movable in the vertical direction. It is attached to the lower end of (23). Between the roller mounting member (18) and the movable pressure roller (19), a compression coil spring (24) is mounted around the movable suspension rod (23), whereby the movable pressure roller (19) It is always biased toward the support roller (12). A stopper (25) is provided at the upper end of the movable suspension rod (23) to prevent the movable suspension rod (23) from coming out downward. The rear pressing roller (21) is a fixed pressing roller (21), and is attached to the lower end of a fixed suspension rod (26) fixed in a suspended manner to the rear end portion of the roller mounting member (18). The distance in the front-rear direction between the pressing rollers (19), (21) is equal to the distance in the front-rear direction between the pair of support rollers (12).

  In the following, a method for friction stir welding of both workpieces (1) using the friction stir welding apparatus will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, after opening both constituent members (7) of each holder (3) and disposing the material to be joined (1) between the two constituent members (7), both constituent members (7) are attached. Close and fix the tips together. Next, turn the male screw shaft (9) to move it inward in the radial direction of the holder (3), and press the contact member (11b) of the pressing member (11) against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (1). Thus, each material to be joined (1) is fixed to each holder (3). Next, the end faces of the materials to be joined (1) are brought into contact with each other, and each holder (3) is rotatably supported by the two support rollers (12) of each roller pair (13). Next, the pressing body (17) of the pressing device (16) is lowered, and the holding tools (3) are supported by the pressing rollers (19) and (21) of the pressing devices (16) and the supporting rollers of the roller pairs (13). Press toward (12) (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

  In this state, while rotating the rotor (4) of the friction stir welding tool (2), the probe (5) is embedded at one place in the circumferential direction at the abutting portion of both the workpieces (1). At the same time, the shoulder (4b) between the small diameter portion (4a) and the probe (5) in the tool (2) is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined (1) (see FIG. 4). By pressing the shoulder portion (4b), it is possible to prevent the flaking of the softened portion that may occur at the start of joining and during joining, and to obtain a good joined state. The frictional heat is further generated by sliding with the part (4b) to promote the softening of the contact part between the probe (5) and both the workpieces (1) and the vicinity thereof, and to the surface of the joint part. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of irregularities such as burrs.

  Next, the probe (5) is moved in the circumferential direction of the contact portion by rotating both the members to be joined (1) around the center line by an appropriate means (not shown). At this time, by moving the friction stir welding tool (2) and / or by moving both workpieces (1) in the cross section thereof, the probe (5) is moved to both workpieces (1). The contact portion is moved in the circumferential direction along the outer shape of the cross section. Then, due to the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe (5) and the frictional heat generated by the sliding between the two materials to be bonded (1) and the shoulder (4b), both of the objects to be bonded are in the vicinity of the contact portion. The metal that becomes the base material of the material (1) is softened, and this softened part is stirred and mixed by receiving the rotational force of the probe (5), and further, this softened part plastically flows so as to fill the passage groove of the probe (5). After that, the phenomenon of rapidly losing frictional heat and solidifying by cooling is repeated with the movement of the probe (5), so that both the workpieces (1) are joined. At this time, by moving the friction stir welding tool (2) up and down by an appropriate means, the depth of insertion of the probe (5) into the material to be joined (1) is kept constant, and the shoulder (4b) The pressing force against the material to be joined (1) is kept constant.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the friction stir welding tool is moved by moving the friction stir welding tool (2) and / or by moving both workpieces (1) in the cross section thereof. The angle θ formed between the axis (X) of the probe (5) in (2) and the front portion (Y) in the joining direction at the point where the axis (X) intersects the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (1) Is maintained at 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 °.

  Further, the amount of deformation of the compression coil spring (24) of the pressing device (16) is detected, and the pressing body (17) is moved up and down based on the amount of deformation, and the holding tool (19) (21) Control the pressing force of 3).

  Then, when the probe (5) moves over the entire circumference of the contact portion and returns to the embedding position, both the workpieces (1) are joined over the entire circumference. Next, after the probe (5) returns to the embedding position, preferably after passing through the embedding position, the probe (5) is moved to the contact member (not shown) disposed at the contact portion of both the joined materials (1). Then, the probe (5) is pulled out. In this way, both the workpieces (1) are friction stir welded.

  In the above, both the workpieces (1) are held by the holders (3), but the present invention is not limited to this, and when the length of one of the workpieces (1) is short, a short workpiece The bonding material (1) may be held by a chuck or the like (not shown), and only the other long bonded material (1) may be held by the holder (3).

  Next, the front part in the joining direction at the axis (X) of the probe (5) of the friction stir welding tool (2) and the tangent at the point where the axis (X) intersects the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (1) A test conducted to confirm that it is preferable to maintain the angle θ formed with (Y) at 90 degrees <θ ≦ 105 degrees will be described.

  As the material to be joined (1), an elliptical cylindrical cross section made of JIS A6061-T6 was prepared. The outer shape of the cross section of the material to be joined (1) is an ellipse having a major axis of 150 mm and a minor axis of 105 mm, and the wall thickness is 3 mm. As the friction stir welding tool (2), a small diameter part (4a) outer diameter of the rotor (4): 12 mm, a probe (5) diameter: 4 mm, and a probe (5) length: 3 mm were prepared. Then, using the friction stir welding apparatus described above, the axis (X) of the probe (5) of the friction stir welding tool (2), and the axis (X) intersects the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (1) The two materials (1) were friction stir welded by the above-described method while variously changing the angle θ formed by the portion (Y) ahead of the joining direction in the tangent line at the above.

  Next, a test piece was prepared from the joints of the materials to be joined (1) and subjected to a tensile test, and the tensile strength of the joints was measured. In addition, a test piece was prepared from the material before joining, a tensile test was performed, and the tensile strength of the base material was measured. Subsequently, the joint efficiency was determined by the following equation: joint efficiency (%) = (tensile strength of joint / tensile strength of base material) × 100.

Table 1 shows the joint efficiency at each angle θ.

  In Table 1, o indicates the case where the joint efficiency is 75% or more, and x indicates the case where the joint efficiency is less than 75%.

  From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that when the angle θ is 90 degrees <θ ≦ 105, it is possible to prevent a significant decrease in the strength of the joint.

  FIG. 6 shows a method of friction stir welding materials to be joined (30) having a polygonal cross-sectional outer shape, in this case a pentagonal shape. In addition, the ridgeline part of the outer peripheral surface of a to-be-joined material (30) is rounded. Friction stir welding between the members to be joined (30) having a pentagonal cross section can be performed in exactly the same manner as in the case of the material to be joined (1) having an elliptical cross section. Also in this case, during the joining, by moving the friction stir welding tool (2) and / or by moving both workpieces (30) in the cross section thereof, the friction stir welding tool is used. The angle formed between the axis (X) of the probe (5) of the tool (2) and the front part (Y) in the joining direction at the point where the axis (X) intersects the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece (30) θ is kept 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 °. Further, the amount of deformation of the compression coil spring (24) of the pressing device (16) is detected, and the pressing body (17) is moved up and down based on the amount of deformation, and the holding tool (19) (21) Control the pressing force of 3).

  FIG. 7 shows a specific example of a metal product obtained by joining materials to be joined using the friction stir welding apparatus described above. Here, it is a container formed by joining a plurality of container constituent members.

  In FIG. 7, a container (40) includes a cylindrical body (41) having an elliptical cross-section and a closing plate (42) for closing at least one end opening of the body (41), and both ends are open. A first container constituent member (43) made of an aluminum extruded tube and constituting the body (41), and an aluminum first member joined to at least one end of the first container constituent member (43) to constitute a closing plate (42) And two container components (44). The second container component (44) is formed by forging or cutting.

  The first container constituting member (43) has a circular peripheral wall portion (45) having an elliptical cross section constituting the body (41). The second container component member (44) has a dome-shaped peripheral wall portion (46) having an open end that constitutes the closing plate (42). The opening-side end portion of the peripheral wall portion (46) is oval.

  The first container constituent member (43) and the second container constituent member (44) are each formed of any one of, for example, a JIS A2000 alloy, a JIS A5000 alloy, a JIS A6000 alloy, and a JIS A7000 alloy. Yes. These container constituent members (43) and (44) may be formed of the same material, or may be formed of different materials.

  At least one end portion of the peripheral wall portion (45) of the first container constituent member (43) and the opening end portion of the peripheral wall portion (46) of the second container constituent member (44) are brought into contact with each other. The container constituent members (43) and (44) are friction stir welded over the entire circumference at the contact portion between them.

  The container (40) is manufactured by joining the first container constituent member (43) and the second container constituent member (44) using the friction stir welding apparatus described above.

  That is, the first container constituting member (43) is fixed to one holder (3) instead of one of the members (1) in FIG. 1, and the second member is replaced with the second member (1). The container component (44) is fixed to the other holder (3), and the peripheral walls (45) (46) of both container components (43) (44) are joined together in the same manner as described above. (See FIG. 8). Thus, the container (40) is manufactured.

It is a perspective view which shows the friction stir welding apparatus by this invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which opened both the structural members of the holder. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the state which embedded the probe of the friction stir welding tool straddling both to-be-joined materials. In the method of friction stir welding of both materials to be joined, the angle formed between the axis of the probe of the friction stir welding tool and the front portion in the joining direction at the point where the axis intersects the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined is shown. It is sectional drawing. In the method of friction stir welding of materials to be joined having polygonal cross sections, the axis of the probe of the friction stir welding tool and the front of the joining direction at the point where the axis intersects the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined It is sectional drawing which shows the angle which a part makes. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the container by which a some container structural member is joined using a friction stir welding apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the state which applied the friction stir welding apparatus by this invention to manufacture of the container of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

(1) (30): Material to be joined
(2): Friction stir welding tool
(3): Holder
(5): Probe
(7): Components
(8): Female thread hole
(9): Male screw shaft
(11): Holding member
(12): Support roller
(13): Roller pair
(16): Pressing device (pressing means)
(17): Press body
(18): Roller mounting member
(19): Movable holding roller
(21): Fixed holding roller
(23): Movable suspension rod
(24): Compression coil spring
(40): Container
(41): Torso
(42): Closure plate
(43): First container component
(44): Second container component

Claims (21)

The end faces of the two materials to be joined that have a non-circular cross-sectional shape are brought into contact with each other, and in this state, the probe of the friction stir welding tool is rotated and embedded so as to straddle both. A friction stir welding apparatus used for friction stir welding of both workpieces by rotating both workpieces around a center line,
An outer peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface, and at least one ring-shaped holder through which each material to be bonded is passed, fixing means for removably fixing each material to be bonded to each holder, and a material to be bonded A friction stir welding apparatus provided with a supporting means that is disposed on the opposite side of the friction stir welding tool and supports the outer peripheral surface of the holder rotatably. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped holder includes a plurality of constituent members. The friction stir welding according to claim 2, wherein the ring-shaped holder is composed of two constituent members pivotally attached to each other at one end portion, and the other end portions of both constituent members are detachably fixed. apparatus. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the ring-shaped holder is composed of at least two constituent members, and both end portions of these constituent members are detachably fixed. The friction stir welding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of fixing means are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the holder, and the position can be adjusted in the radial direction of the holder. apparatus. The fixing means is formed at intervals in the holder in the circumferential direction, and the screw hole for passing the holder in the radial direction, the male screw shaft screwed into the female screw hole, and the holder on the male screw shaft The outer end of the screw shaft does not protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the holder when the presser member abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 5, which is configured as described above. The friction stir welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the support means includes a plurality of support rollers that are rotatable around an axis extending in a length direction of the materials to be joined. 8. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each holding tool is rotatably supported by a pair of two support rollers that are rotatable around an axis extending in the length direction of the material to be joined. The friction stir welding according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a pressing unit that is disposed on the opposite side of the support unit with each holding unit interposed therebetween and presses each holding unit toward the support unit. apparatus. Each pressing means includes a pressing main body, and two pressing rollers provided on the pressing main body so as to be rotatable around an axis extending in the length direction of the material to be joined and rolling along the outer peripheral surface of the holder. The movable pressing roller is movable with respect to the pressing body so that one pressing roller approaches and separates from the supporting means, and the movable pressing roller is urged toward the supporting means by a compression coil spring. Item 10. The friction stir welding apparatus according to Item 9. A roller mounting member is pivotally attached to the pressing main body of each pressing means so as to be swingable around an axis extending in the length direction of the material to be bonded, and the center line of the material to be bonded in the roller mounting member. A pressure roller is attached to both sides, and the movable pressure roller is rotatably attached to the end of a movable suspension rod that movably penetrates the roller attachment member. A compression coil is provided between the roller attachment member and the movable pressure roller. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a spring is mounted. It is a method of carrying out friction stir welding of the two to-be-joined materials whose cross-sectional external shape is non-circular using the friction stir welding apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-11, Comprising: Pass it through the ring-shaped holder and fix it to the holder with the fixing means, abut the end faces of both the joined materials to support both the holders with the supporting means, The probe of the friction stir welding tool is embedded while being rotated so as to straddle both, and the probe is moved over the entire circumference of the abutting portion by rotating both the workpieces around the center line in this state. A friction stir welding method. 13. The angle θ formed by the axis of the probe of the friction stir welding tool and the front portion in the welding direction at the point of intersection of the axis with the outer peripheral surface of the material to be joined is maintained at 90 ° <θ ≦ 105 °. The friction stir welding method described. 14. The friction stir welding method according to claim 13, wherein the angle [theta] is maintained at 90 [deg.] <[Theta] ≤105 [deg.] By changing the angle of the probe axis in the friction stir welding tool. 15. The friction stir welding method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the angle [theta] is maintained at 90 [deg.] <[Theta] ≤105 [deg.] By moving both members to be joined in the cross section. A method for friction stir welding of two materials to be joined having a non-circular cross-section using the friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the deformation amount of a compression coil spring is detected, The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the pressing force of the holding tool by the pressing roller is controlled based on the deformation amount. A joined body comprising at least two materials to be joined that are friction stir welded by the method according to any one of claims 12 to 16 and that have a non-circular outer shape in cross section. The joined body according to claim 17, wherein an outer shape of a cross-section of the material to be joined is a polygonal shape. The joined body according to claim 17, wherein an outer shape of a cross-section of the material to be joined is an ellipse. 20. The joined body according to claim 17, wherein the material to be joined is cylindrical. A container comprising a cylindrical body and a closing plate that closes at least one end opening of the body, and is formed into a shape that is divided in the longitudinal direction of the body, and has a non-circular outer shape in cross section. A container in which the material is friction stir welded by the method according to any one of claims 12 to 16.

Images