JP3449403B2 - Probe for penetration friction stir welding - Google Patents
Probe for penetration friction stir weldingInfo
- Publication number
- JP3449403B2 JP3449403B2 JP20094698A JP20094698A JP3449403B2 JP 3449403 B2 JP3449403 B2 JP 3449403B2 JP 20094698 A JP20094698 A JP 20094698A JP 20094698 A JP20094698 A JP 20094698A JP 3449403 B2 JP3449403 B2 JP 3449403B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joined
- probe
- friction stir
- stir welding
- stirring pin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、アルミニウムやア
ルミニウム合金等の難溶融溶接性金属からなる板材、押
出形材、中空形材、さらにはハニカムパネル等の被接合
部材を貫通摩擦攪拌接合にて接合するのに好適な貫通摩
擦攪拌接合用プローブに関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plate material, an extruded shape material, a hollow shape material and a joined member such as a honeycomb panel, which are made of a metal which is difficult to melt and weld such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, through friction stir welding. The present invention relates to a probe for through friction stir welding suitable for joining.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の摩擦攪拌接合の基本的な技術は、
例えば、WO93/10935(PCT/GB92/0
2203)号公報や、特表平9−508073号公報に
て開示されている。また、特開平10−52772号公
報には、摩擦攪拌接合を用いたハニカムパネルの製造方
法が開示されている。まず、上記従来の摩擦攪拌接合技
術を、そのプローブの構成の違いによって、第1および
第2の従来例に分け、図5〜図9を参照して以下に説明
する。図5は第1の従来例のプローブに係り、(a)は
板材の摩擦攪拌接合中の状態を示す斜視図、(b)は湾
曲した被接合部材を接合している状態を示す一部破断立
面図である。また、図6はこの第1の従来例のプローブ
を用いて中空形材を接合している状態を示し、(a)は
被接合部材の被接合部が係合している場合の立面図、
(b)は被接合部材の被接合部が当接している場合の立
面図である。さらに、図7は第1の従来例のプローブに
て、肉厚の厚い被接合部材を上下両方から摩擦攪拌接合
している状態を示す立面図、図8は同じく第1の従来例
のプローブにて、上下両方から摩擦攪拌接合して、ハニ
カムパネルを製作している状態を示す立面図である。図
9は第2の従来例のプローブに係り、(a)は板材の貫
通摩擦攪拌接合を行っている状態を示す斜視図、(b)
は(a)の矢印で示す接合方向からみた一部破断立面図
で、(i)は肉厚が厚い場合を、(ii)は肉厚が薄い
場合を示している。2. Description of the Related Art The basic technique of conventional friction stir welding is
For example, WO93 / 10935 (PCT / GB92 / 0
2203) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-508073. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-52772 discloses a method for manufacturing a honeycomb panel using friction stir welding. First, the above-mentioned conventional friction stir welding technique is divided into first and second conventional examples according to the difference in the configuration of the probe, and will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9. 5A and 5B relate to a probe of a first conventional example, FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a state during friction stir welding of plate materials, and FIG. 5B is a partial fracture showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined. It is an elevation view. Further, FIG. 6 shows a state where the hollow shape members are joined by using the probe of the first conventional example, and (a) is an elevation view in which the joined portions of the joined members are engaged. ,
(B) is an elevational view when the to-be-joined part of the to-be-joined member is contacting. Further, FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing a state in which a thick member to be joined is friction stir welded from above and below in the probe of the first conventional example, and FIG. 8 is also the probe of the first conventional example. FIG. 3 is an elevational view showing a state in which a honeycomb panel is manufactured by friction stir welding from both upper and lower sides. FIG. 9 relates to a probe of a second conventional example, (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which plate materials are subjected to through friction stir welding, (b)
3A is a partially broken elevational view as seen from the joining direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3A, where FIG. 1I shows the case where the wall thickness is large, and FIG. 2II shows the case where the wall thickness is thin.
【0003】第1の従来例に係るプローブP10は、図
5のごとく、皿状の凹形底面P5を先端に形成した回転
軸P1と、この回転軸P1の先端から突き出る攪拌ピン
P2とからなり、このプローブP10の押圧、回転およ
び移動を図示せぬ駆動手段が行う。該駆動手段は、押圧
手段Fを含み、プローブP10を回転させるとともに、
被接合部材Wを突き合わせた被接合部W3に、回転する
攪拌ピンP2を差し込み、さらに、凹形底面P5を被接
合部材Wの上面に押し付け、前記凹形底面P5の先端縁
(以後プローブの肩と称する)P1sを被接合部材Wの
上面から所定の深さだけ押し込む。As shown in FIG. 5, a probe P10 according to the first conventional example comprises a rotary shaft P1 having a dish-shaped concave bottom surface P5 formed at its tip and a stirring pin P2 protruding from the tip of the rotary shaft P1. The driving means (not shown) presses, rotates and moves the probe P10. The driving means includes a pressing means F, rotates the probe P10, and
The rotating stirring pin P2 is inserted into the joined portion W3 in which the joined members W are butted, and the concave bottom surface P5 is pressed against the upper surface of the joined member W, and the tip edge of the concave bottom surface P5 (hereinafter referred to as the shoulder of the probe). P1s is pushed in from the upper surface of the member W to be joined by a predetermined depth.
【0004】すると、回転する攪拌ピンP2と被接合部
材Wとの間、および、凹形底面P5と被接合部材Wとの
間に摩擦熱が生じ、この摩擦熱によって被接合部材Wが
可塑化して塑性流動固相W4が形成され、被接合部W3
が一体化する。この状態で、プローブP10を被接合部
W3のつながり(以下、被接合ラインという)L1に沿
って移動させると、プローブP10が通り過ぎた後で前
記塑性流動固相W4の温度が低下して非可塑化する。こ
の塑性流動固相W4の生成及び一体化とその非可塑化を
順次続けていくことによって被接合部材Wは接合されて
いく。尚、符号P3は、回転軸P1を保持するチャック
部、符号Sは、被接合部材Wの下面を支持する裏当て部
材である。Then, frictional heat is generated between the rotating stirring pin P2 and the member W to be joined and between the concave bottom surface P5 and the member W to be joined, and the frictional heat plasticizes the member W to be joined. A plastic flow solid phase W4 is formed, and the welded portion W3
Are integrated. In this state, when the probe P10 is moved along the connection L1 of the joined portion W3 (hereinafter referred to as the joined line) L1, the temperature of the plastic flow solid phase W4 decreases after the probe P10 has passed and the non-plastic Turn into. The members W to be joined are joined by successively producing and integrating this plastic flow solid phase W4 and unplasticizing it. Reference numeral P3 is a chuck portion that holds the rotary shaft P1, and reference numeral S is a backing member that supports the lower surface of the joined member W.
【0005】ハニカムパネルを製造する場合は、図8に
示すように、押出加工法により製作した面板51、コア
ー材52、縁材56からなるハニカムパネルは固定台6
0に配置され、左右及び上下方向から固定治具57によ
って固定される。接合は、該ハニカムパネルの縁材56
の部分に上下方向から回転軸54に取り付けられた攪拌
ピン55を挿入する。該回転軸54はロボット58に取
り付けられた駆動手段59による駆動力で回転しながら
接合方向に移動し、ハニカムパネル同士を固相接合す
る。In the case of manufacturing a honeycomb panel, as shown in FIG. 8, a honeycomb panel including a face plate 51, a core material 52, and an edge material 56 manufactured by an extrusion method is used as a fixing table 6.
It is arranged at 0 and is fixed by the fixing jig 57 from the left and right and the vertical direction. Bonding is done with the edge material 56 of the honeycomb panel.
The stirring pin 55 attached to the rotary shaft 54 is inserted into the above portion from above and below. The rotating shaft 54 moves in the bonding direction while being rotated by the driving force of the driving means 59 attached to the robot 58, and solid-phase bonds the honeycomb panels together.
【0006】第2の従来例に係る接合用プローブP20
は、図9のごとく、コーナーに面取り部P8を設けた平
面の底面P6を備えた回転軸P1と、底面P6の中心か
ら回転軸P1と同心に突き出た攪拌ピンP2と、この攪
拌ピンP2の先端に設けられ、コーナーに面取り部P8
を設けた平面の上面P7を備えた裏当て部P4とからな
り、この接合用プローブP20の回転および移動を図示
せぬ駆動手段が行う。なお、この場合前記第1の従来例
の場合に必要であった押圧手段Fは不要である。駆動手
段は、接合用プローブP20を回転させるとともに、被
接合部材Wの側方から、回転する攪拌ピンP2を被接合
部W3に押し込み、さらに、回転軸P1の底面P6と裏
当て部P4の上面P7とで被接合部材Wを上下から挟み
つける。そして、接合用プローブP20を、被接合ライ
ンL1に沿って移動させる。A bonding probe P20 according to a second conventional example.
As shown in FIG. 9, a rotating shaft P1 having a flat bottom surface P6 having a chamfered portion P8 at a corner, a stirring pin P2 protruding from the center of the bottom surface P6 concentrically with the rotating shaft P1, and a stirring pin P2 The chamfer P8 is provided on the corner at the tip.
And a backing portion P4 having a flat upper surface P7 provided with the above, and the rotation and movement of this bonding probe P20 are performed by a driving means (not shown). In this case, the pressing means F required in the case of the first conventional example is unnecessary. The drive means rotates the welding probe P20, pushes the rotating stirring pin P2 into the welded portion W3 from the side of the welded member W, and further, the bottom surface P6 of the rotating shaft P1 and the upper surface of the backing portion P4. The member W to be joined is sandwiched between P7 and P7. Then, the bonding probe P20 is moved along the bonded line L1.
【0007】すると、回転する攪拌ピンP2と被接合部
材Wの間、回転軸P1の底面P6と裏当て部P4の上面
P7の各々と被接合部材Wの間に摩擦熱が生じ、前記第
1の従来例の場合と同様に、塑性流動固相W4の生成と
その非可塑化・一体化を順次続けていくことによって被
接合部材Wは貫通接合されていく。Then, frictional heat is generated between the rotating stirring pin P2 and the member W to be welded, and between the bottom surface P6 of the rotating shaft P1 and the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 and the member W to be welded. As in the case of the conventional example, the members W to be joined are pierced and joined by successively producing the plastic flow solid phase W4 and deplasticizing / integrating it.
【0008】なお、図面を用いた具体的な説明はされて
いないが、前記WO93/10935(PCT/GB9
2/02203)号公報には、従来例2に係る接合用プ
ローブP20において、被接合部材Wの公称板厚に対す
る小さな板厚変動に対応するための一策として、回転軸
P1の底面P6と裏当て部P4の上面P7との間をスプ
リングの作用により拡縮自在とすることが出来る旨の記
載がある。また、この場合の回転軸P1の底面P6と裏
当て部P4の上面P7は曲率半径0.1mm以上のオーダ
ーの球面(凸面)状に形成することが、上記底面P6と
被接合部材Wの上面との接触を、上記上面P7と被接合
部材Wの下面との接触を、各々良くするために望ましい
旨の記載がある。Although not specifically described with reference to the drawings, the aforementioned WO93 / 10935 (PCT / GB9) is used.
2/02203), in the welding probe P20 according to Conventional Example 2, as one measure for coping with a small plate thickness variation of the member W to be welded with respect to the nominal plate thickness, the rotation axis P1. There is a description that the space between the bottom surface P6 and the upper surface P7 of the backing part P4 can be expanded and contracted by the action of a spring. The upper surface P7 of the bottom P6 and the backing portion P4 of the rotary shaft P1 in this case be formed in the radius of curvature 0.1mm or more orders of spherical (convex) shape, the upper surface of the workpieces W and the bottom surface P6 It is described that it is desirable to improve the contact between the upper surface P7 and the lower surface of the member W to be joined.
【0009】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記第1の従
来例には以下のような問題がある。However, the first conventional example has the following problems.
【0010】(1)被接合部材Wの変形や肉厚の変動が
あると、一対の被接合部材Wの上面同士及び下面同士に
段差が生じる。この段差のために被接合部材Wの一方の
下面と裏当て部材Sとの間に、部分的に間隙を生じるこ
とがある。また、一対の被接合部材Wの両方の変形によ
りその下面と裏当て部材Sとの間に部分的な間隙を生じ
ることもある。この間隙を生じた箇所では、被接合部材
Wの下面の冷却が不足し、軟化した被接合部材下面が下
方へ変形し、周囲の母材下面より下方へ膨出した畝状欠
陥が発生することがある。またこのような畝状欠陥の程
度(膨出高さ)がある限度を超えると、被接合部W3の
上部で、塑性流動固相W4の量的不足から空洞欠陥や溝
状欠陥が発生する。(1) When the members W to be joined are deformed or the thickness of the members W is changed, a step is formed between the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the pair of members W to be joined. Due to this step, a gap may be partially formed between one lower surface of the member W to be joined and the backing member S. Further, due to the deformation of both the pair of members W to be joined, a partial gap may be formed between the lower surface of the member W and the backing member S. At the place where this gap is formed, the lower surface of the joined member W is insufficiently cooled, the softened lower surface of the joined member is deformed downward, and the ridge-shaped notch that bulges downward from the surrounding lower surface of the base material.
Occasions may occur. Further, when the extent (bulging height) of such a ridge-like defect exceeds a certain limit, a void defect or a groove defect is generated in the upper part of the joined portion W3 due to the insufficient amount of the plastic flow solid phase W4.
【0011】(2)被接合部材Wの変形や肉厚の変動が
あると、攪拌ピンP2の先端と被接合部材Wの下面の相
対的な位置変動が生じ、攪拌ピンP2の先端が前記裏当
て部材Sの上面と接触して、攪拌ピンP2や裏当て部材
Sの磨耗粉が被接合部3の下端近傍に混入して欠陥を生
じたり、また、攪拌ピンP2の先端と被接合部材Wの下
面との間隔が大きくなりすぎると、被接合部W3の下部
に未接合部が生じ、接合部強度が不足して問題になるこ
ともある。(2) When the member W to be welded is deformed or the thickness of the member W is changed, the tip of the stirring pin P2 and the lower surface of the member W to be welded are relatively moved in position, and the tip of the stirring pin P2 is moved to the back side. By contacting the upper surface of the abutting member S, abrasion powder of the agitating pin P2 and the backing member S mixes in the vicinity of the lower end of the welded part 3 to cause a defect, or the tip of the agitating pin P2 and the welded member W. If the distance from the lower surface of the joint is too large, an unjoined portion is formed in the lower portion of the joined portion W3, and the strength of the joined portion may be insufficient, which may cause a problem.
【0012】(3)図5(b)に示すように湾曲部材の
接合を行ったり、図6に示すように、中空押出形材の接
合を行う場合は、前記(1)項のような問題点を避けよ
うとすると、これらの被接合部材の下面や内面の形状に
正確にフィットする形状の裏当て部材Sをその都度加工
・成形して準備せねばならず、裏当て部材Sの製作のた
めにコスト増を招いたり、また裏当て部材Sを精度よく
セットするのに、人手と時間がかかる。(3) When the bending members are joined as shown in FIG. 5 (b) or the hollow extruded shape members are joined as shown in FIG. 6, the problem described in the above item (1) is encountered. In order to avoid the points, the backing member S having a shape that accurately fits the shapes of the lower surface and the inner surface of these members to be joined must be processed and molded each time to prepare the backing member S. Therefore, the cost is increased, and it takes time and labor to set the backing member S with high precision.
【0013】(4)上記(1)〜(3)項のような不具
合に対処するためには、また所定の厚みを超えた厚肉の
板材の肉厚全体にわたる完全な接合部を得るためには、
図7に示すように上下両方向から、略同時に、又は、2
回に分けて摩擦攪拌接合することも考えられるが、略同
時に行う場合は設備コストが倍増し、2回に分けて行う
場合は、生産性が略1/2に低下する。(4) In order to cope with the problems described in the above items (1) to (3), and to obtain a perfect joint over the entire thickness of a thick plate material exceeding a predetermined thickness. Is
As shown in FIG. 7, from both upper and lower directions, substantially at the same time, or 2
Although it is possible to perform friction stir welding in two steps, the equipment cost is doubled when the steps are performed at substantially the same time, and the productivity is reduced to approximately ½ when the steps are performed in two steps.
【0014】(5)また、図8に示すように、ハニカム
パネルを接合する場合には、上下に摩擦攪拌接合装置を
配置し、略同時に上下両方から接合するために、やはり
設備コストが略倍増することになる。(5) Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the honeycomb panels are joined, the friction stir welding apparatus is arranged at the upper and lower sides, and the upper and lower sides are joined substantially at the same time. Will be done.
【0015】また、前記第2の従来例の場合、回転軸P
1の底面P6と裏当て部P4の上面P7の形状を球面
(凸面)状に形成しており、また、前記第1の従来例の
ように、プローブの肩と裏当て部の肩をそれぞれ被接合
部材Wの上面と下面から所定の深さだけ積極的に押し込
むという手段を取っていない。このため、被接合部材W
の変形や板厚変動により、一対の被接合部材Wの上面同
士の間と下面同士の間に段差があった場合には、被接合
部材Wの上面と回転軸P1の底面P6との間及び被接合
部材Wの下面と裏当て部P4の上面P7との間から塑性
流動化固相が外へ漏れ出て、接合部の上・下面のバリ欠
陥が発生し易くなるだけでなく、攪拌ピンP2が移動し
て生じる空間を完全に埋めるために必要な塑性流動化固
相の量に不足を来し、被接合部W3の上・下端部、特に
上端部に空洞や溝状欠陥が発生しやすい。また、段差の
ために裏当て部P4の上面P7との間に空隙を生じた被
接合部材Wの下面の軟化した被接合部材が下方へ膨出し
て畝状欠陥を生じる可能性もある。In the case of the second conventional example, the rotation axis P
1 has a bottom surface P6 and an upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 formed into a spherical surface (convex surface), and the shoulder of the probe and the shoulder of the backing portion are respectively covered as in the first conventional example. No means for positively pushing the joining member W from the upper surface and the lower surface to a predetermined depth is taken. Therefore, the joined member W
When there is a step between the upper surfaces of the pair of members to be joined W and the lower surfaces thereof due to the deformation of the members and the variation in the plate thickness, between the upper surface of the members to be joined W and the bottom surface P6 of the rotation axis P1 and Not only the plastic fluidized solid phase leaks out from between the lower surface of the member W to be joined and the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4, and burr defects on the upper and lower surfaces of the joined portion are more likely to occur. The amount of the plasticized solid phase required to completely fill the space generated by the movement of P2 is insufficient, and cavities and groove-like defects occur in the upper and lower ends of the welded part W3, especially in the upper end. Cheap. Further, the softened member to be joined on the lower surface of the member to be joined W, which has a gap between the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 and the stepped portion, may bulge downward to cause a ridge defect .
【0016】本発明は、以上の問題を解決し、貫通摩擦
攪拌接合した接合部に空洞状欠陥、溝状欠陥や下面の畝
状欠陥の発生を防止するとともに、小さな板厚変動の範
囲を超えて板厚に違いのある被接合部材を同一のプロー
ブで貫通摩擦攪拌接合することが可能で、厚肉の板材や
ハニカムパネルを1つの摩擦攪拌接合装置のみで、1パ
スで高能率の接合が可能な貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ
の提供を課題とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and hollow defects, groove defects, and ridges on the lower surface are formed in the joint portion that is through friction stir welding.
-Like defects can be prevented and through-frictional stir welding can be performed with the same probe for members to be joined that have different sheet thicknesses even within the range of small sheet thickness fluctuations. An object of the present invention is to provide a penetrating friction stir welding probe capable of performing highly efficient welding in one pass with only one friction stir welding apparatus.
【0017】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の課題を
解決するために、第1の手段として、貫通摩擦攪拌接合
用プローブを、凹面の底面を備えた回転軸と、該回転軸
の底面に同心に取り付けられた攪拌ピンと、該攪拌ピン
を挿通する貫通孔を備え、該攪拌ピンの軸線方向への摺
動移動自在、かつ、該攪拌ピンに対して相対的回転不可
能に取り付けられ、凹面の上面を備えた下面押圧部と、
前記下面押圧部の周面に固着され、前記攪拌ピンと平行
に下方へ延びるガイドバーと、前記攪拌ピンの先端部に
着脱自在に取り付けられ、前記ガイドバーが上下に摺動
可能に係合する係合溝を外周面に備えるストッパ部と、
該ストッパ部と前記下面押圧部との間に配設され、前記
下面押圧部を前記回転軸方向に常時付勢する付勢手段
と、前記回転軸の底面を被接合部材上面に押圧する押圧
手段とを、備えてなるように構成した。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides, as a first means, a penetrating friction stir welding probe, a rotary shaft having a concave bottom surface, and a rotary shaft of the rotary shaft. An agitator pin concentrically attached to the bottom surface and a through hole for inserting the agitator pin are provided, and the agitator pin is slidably movable in the axial direction and is non-rotatably attached to the agitator pin. A lower surface pressing portion having a concave upper surface,
Secured to the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing part and parallel to the stirring pin
The guide bar extending downward to the tip of the stirring pin.
Removably attached, the guide bar slides up and down
A stopper portion having an engagement groove on the outer peripheral surface that engages as much as possible ,
An urging means arranged between the stopper portion and the lower surface pressing portion for constantly urging the lower surface pressing portion in the rotating shaft direction, and a pressing means for pressing the bottom surface of the rotating shaft to the upper surface of the member to be joined. And are configured to be provided.
【0018】上記の本発明においては、第2の手段とし
て、前記被接合部材上面を押圧する前記回転軸の押圧力
が、100〜2000kgfの範囲で設定され、かつ、前
記付勢手段による付勢力が、前記設定された押圧力の7
5〜125%の範囲内に設定されることが望ましい。In the above-mentioned present invention, as a second means, the pressing force of the rotary shaft for pressing the upper surface of the members to be joined is set in the range of 100 to 2000 kgf, and the urging force of the urging means is set. Is 7 of the set pressing force .
It is desirable to set in the range of 5 to 125%.
【0019】上記の本発明においては、第3の手段とし
て、前記付勢手段による付勢力が、前記被接合部材上面
を押圧する前記回転軸の押圧力と略同一に設定されるこ
とが望ましい。In the present invention described above, as the third means, it is desirable that the urging force of the urging means is set to be substantially the same as the pressing force of the rotary shaft that presses the upper surface of the members to be joined.
【0020】上記の本発明においては、第4の手段とし
て、前記攪拌ピンの先端部に取り付けられる前記ストッ
パ部の軸線方向取付け位置が移動・調節可能であること
が望ましい。[0020] In the above present invention, as a fourth means, it is desirable axial mounting position of the stopper portion attached to the tip portion of the stirring pin is movable and adjust.
【0021】上記の本発明においては、第5の手段とし
て、前記付勢手段が配設状態から脱着自在であるように
してもよい。In the above invention, as the fifth means, the urging means may be detachable from the installed state.
【0022】上記の本発明においては、第6の手段とし
て、前記付勢手段がコイルスプリング、筒状体にらせん
形スリットを形成した弾性体、複数枚の皿ばね等の一つ
からなるように構成すればよい。In the above-mentioned present invention, as a sixth means, the urging means comprises one of a coil spring, an elastic body in which a spiral slit is formed in a tubular body, a plurality of disc springs and the like. Just configure it.
【0023】[0023]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に係る貫通摩擦攪拌接合用
プローブの実施の形態を、図面を参照して以下に説明す
る。図1は本発明の第1の実施の形態に係り、(a)は
貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブの立面図、(b)は貫通摩
擦攪拌接合開始時の状態を示す一部破断立面図、図2は
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係り、(a)は貫通摩擦攪
拌接合用プローブの立面図、(b)は(a)のX−X線
矢視断面図、図3(a)は前記第2の実施の形態の貫通
摩擦攪拌接合用プローブで肉厚の異なる二対の被接合部
材を各々接合している状態を示す一部破断立面図、
(b)は同じ第2の実施の形態の貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プ
ローブで湾曲した被接合部材を接合している状態を示す
一部破断立面図、図4は、同じ第2の実施の形態の貫通
摩擦攪拌接合用プローブで前記図6で示したものと同じ
中空形材を接合している状態を示し、(a)は被接合部
が係合している場合の立面図、(b)は被接合部が当接
している場合の立面図である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a penetrating friction stir welding probe according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is an elevational view of a probe for through friction stir welding, and FIG. 1B is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state at the start of through friction stir welding. , FIG. 2
According to the second embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a probe for through friction stir welding, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (a) is shown in FIG. A partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which two pairs of members to be joined having different wall thicknesses are respectively joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe of the second embodiment,
FIG. 4B is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe of the same second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is the same second embodiment. 6 shows a state in which the same hollow shape members as those shown in FIG. 6 are joined by the through friction stir welding probe of FIG. 6, (a) is an elevation view when the joined portions are engaged, (b) [Fig. 4] is an elevation view when the joined portions are in contact with each other.
【0024】本発明の第1の実施の形態の貫通摩擦攪拌
接合用プローブ1では、図1の如く、回転軸11の先端
に凹形底面11bを形成しており、この凹形底面11b
の中央部分に、回転軸11と同一の軸線となる攪拌ピン
20を螺合にて取り付けている。この攪拌ピン20は下
面押圧部15に形成した貫通孔15aを摺動自在に貫通
し、その先端には、ストッパ部14を固設している。下
面押圧部15は、短円柱状部材であり、攪拌ピン20が
貫通する貫通孔15aは、短円柱状部材の上面から下面
に抜けており、この上面に凹形上面15bが形成されて
いる。また、この下面押圧部15と前記ストッパ部14
との間には付勢手段であるコイルスプリング12が配設
されている。つまり、このコイルスプリング12が、下
面押圧部15を、常時、被接合部材Wの下面側に付勢
し、下面押圧部15は、攪拌ピン20の軸線に沿って移
動し、この凹形上面15bが被接合部材Wの下面に当接
する。また、コイルスプリング12の上・下端の各々が
下面押圧部15の下面とストッパ部14の上面のそれぞ
れに固着されている。このため、攪拌ピン20の回転
は、ストッパ部14とコイルスプリング12を介して下
面押圧部15に伝えられ、下面押圧部15は攪拌ピン2
0の回転に同期して回転する。In the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention , as shown in FIG. 1, a concave bottom surface 11b is formed at the tip of the rotary shaft 11, and the concave bottom surface 11b is formed.
A stirring pin 20, which has the same axis as the rotating shaft 11, is screwed and attached to the central portion of the. The stirring pin 20 slidably penetrates a through hole 15a formed in the lower surface pressing portion 15, and a stopper portion 14 is fixedly provided at the tip thereof. The lower surface pressing portion 15 is a short columnar member, and the through hole 15a through which the stirring pin 20 penetrates extends from the upper surface to the lower surface of the short columnar member, and a concave upper surface 15b is formed on this upper surface. In addition, the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the stopper portion 14
A coil spring 12, which is a biasing means, is disposed between and. That is, the coil spring 12 constantly urges the lower surface pressing portion 15 toward the lower surface side of the member W to be joined, the lower surface pressing portion 15 moves along the axis of the stirring pin 20, and the concave upper surface 15b. Contacts the lower surface of the member W to be joined. The upper and lower ends of the coil spring 12 are fixed to the lower surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the upper surface of the stopper portion 14, respectively. Therefore, the rotation of the stirring pin 20 is transmitted to the lower surface pressing portion 15 via the stopper portion 14 and the coil spring 12, and the lower surface pressing portion 15 is rotated by the stirring pin 2.
It rotates in synchronization with 0 rotation.
【0025】本実施の形態における回転軸11および下
面押圧部15の外径は15mm、攪拌ピン20の外径は
5mmであり、それぞれ工具鋼等によって製造されてい
る。In the present embodiment, the rotating shaft 11 and the lower surface pressing portion 15 have an outer diameter of 15 mm, and the stirring pin 20 has an outer diameter of 5 mm, which are made of tool steel or the like.
【0026】次に本発明の第2の実施の形態について説
明する。本実施の形態では、図2に示すように、攪拌ピ
ン20の軸線と平行な軸線を有し、かつ、ストッパ部1
4側(図2の下方)へ延びるガイドバー22,22の上
端部側面が、下面押圧部15の周面に固着されている。
したがって、ガイドバー22,22は、下面押圧部15
の移動に伴い、攪拌ピン20の軸線に平行に移動する。Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the stopper portion 1 has an axis parallel to the axis of the stirring pin 20.
The side surfaces of the upper end portions of the guide bars 22, 22 extending toward the fourth side (downward in FIG. 2) are fixed to the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15.
Therefore, the guide bars 22 and 22 have the lower surface pressing portion 15
Along with the movement of the stirring pin 20 moves in parallel with the axis of the stirring pin 20.
【0027】一方、攪拌ピン20の先端に取り付けられ
た円盤状のストッパ部14は、下面押圧部15の直径よ
りもやや大きくしてあり、その外周面には、前記ガイド
バー22,22の位置に対応した係合溝23、23が刻
設され、この係合溝23、23内を、ガイドバー22,
22が上下に摺動する。つまり、ガイドバー22,22
は、常時、この係合溝23と係合した状態で移動し、そ
の結果、攪拌ピン20の回転が、下面押圧部15に伝達
され、両者は同期して回転する。On the other hand, the disk-shaped stopper portion 14 attached to the tip of the stirring pin 20 is slightly larger than the diameter of the lower surface pressing portion 15, and the outer peripheral surface thereof has the above-mentioned guide.
Engagement grooves 23, 23 corresponding to the positions of the bars 22, 22 are engraved, and the guide bars 22,
22 slides up and down. That is, the guide bars 22, 22
Always moves in a state of being engaged with the engagement groove 23, and as a result, the rotation of the stirring pin 20 is transmitted to the lower surface pressing portion 15, and both rotate in synchronization.
【0028】続いて、貫通摩擦攪拌接合に、前記第1の
実施の形態に係る貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ1を使用
した場合の作用を説明する。本実施の形態における貫通
摩擦攪拌接合の対象は、水平な状態で互いに突き合わせ
た二枚の金属板材であり、以下の説明では、この二枚の
金属板材を被接合部材W、この被接合部材Wを突き合わ
せた部分を被接合部W3、この被接合部W3のつながり
を被接合ラインL1と呼ぶ。Next, the operation when the through friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment is used for the through friction stir welding will be described. The objects of the through friction stir welding in the present embodiment are two metal plate members that are butted against each other in a horizontal state. In the following description, these two metal plate members will be the member W to be welded and the member W to be welded W. The joined portion is referred to as a joined portion W3, and the connection of the joined portion W3 is referred to as a joined line L1.
【0029】前記本発明の第1の実施の形態の貫通摩擦
攪拌接合用プローブ1を使用して摩擦攪拌接合する場
合、まず、被接合部材Wと同じ材質、厚みの2枚の板片
で、対向する側面に攪拌ピン20の外径より僅かに大き
な半径の断面形状半円形の溝を設けた一対の分割タブ板
を製作しておく。この一対の分割タブ板で前記回転軸1
1の凹形底面11bと下面押圧部15の凹形上面15b
との間に挟まり、攪拌ピン20を挿通したタブTaを形
成し、このタブTaの一側面を、攪拌ピン20の軸線が
被接合部材Wの被接合部3を含む面内に位置するよう
に、被接合部材Wの接合開始端面に固定する。ついで、
回転軸11の凹形底面11bを押圧手段FによりタブT
aの上面に押圧しつつ回転させ、プローブの肩11sを
所定の深さだけタブTaの上部に押し込む。一方押圧手
段Fによる押圧力に略一致する付勢力が発生するように
予め選定されたコイルスプリング12の付勢力により、
前記下面押圧部15の凹形上面15bをタブTaの下面
に押しつけ、凹形上面15bの上端縁(以後、下面押圧
部の肩と称する)15sを所定の深さだけタブTaの下
部に押し込む。When performing friction stir welding using the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention , first, two plate pieces having the same material and thickness as the member W to be welded are used. A pair of split tab plates having cross-sectional semicircular grooves having a radius slightly larger than the outer diameter of the stirring pin 20 are manufactured on opposite side surfaces. The rotary shaft 1 is composed of a pair of split tab plates.
The concave bottom surface 11b of 1 and the concave upper surface 15b of the lower surface pressing portion 15
And a tab Ta which is inserted through the stirring pin 20 and is formed so that the axis of the stirring pin 20 is located within the plane including the joined portion 3 of the joined member W. , Is fixed to the joining start end surface of the joined member W. Then,
The concave bottom surface 11b of the rotary shaft 11 is pressed by the pressing means F with the tab T.
The probe is rotated while being pressed against the upper surface of the a, and the shoulder 11s of the probe is pushed into the upper portion of the tab Ta by a predetermined depth. On the other hand, by the biasing force of the coil spring 12 which is selected in advance so as to generate the biasing force that substantially matches the pressing force of the pressing means F,
The concave upper surface 15b of the lower surface pressing portion 15 is pressed against the lower surface of the tab Ta, and the upper edge (hereinafter, referred to as a shoulder of the lower surface pressing portion) 15s of the concave upper surface 15b is pressed into the lower portion of the tab Ta by a predetermined depth.
【0030】その後、回転軸11および攪拌ピン20を
回転させつつ、タブ板の中から被接合ラインL1の端部
の方へ移動させると、攪拌ピン20の外周面、回転軸1
1の凹形底面11b及び下面押圧部15の凹形上面15
bの各々と被接合部材Wとの間の摩擦熱によりタブ板内
の攪拌ピン20の周辺の一定の領域の材料が可塑化して
塑性流動固層W4が生成し、回転軸11および攪拌ピン
20の移動により温度が低下して前記塑性流動固層の非
可塑化・一体化によりタブTa内に接合部が形成され
る。このような塑性流動固層の生成とその非可塑化・一
体化を繰返しながら回転軸11および攪拌ピン20がタ
ブTa内から被接合部材Wの中に移行し、被接合部材W
の貫通摩擦攪拌接合が始まり、以後被接合ラインL1に
沿って接合が継続される。After that, while rotating the rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 and moving them from the tab plate toward the end of the line L1 to be joined, the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin 20 and the rotating shaft 1 are moved.
The concave bottom surface 11b of FIG. 1 and the concave top surface 15 of the lower surface pressing portion 15
The frictional heat between each b and the member W to be welded plasticizes a material in a certain area around the stirring pin 20 in the tab plate to generate a plastic fluidized solid layer W4, and the rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 are formed. Moves to lower the temperature, and the joint portion is formed in the tab Ta by deplasticizing and integrating the plastic fluidized solid layer. The rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 move from inside the tab Ta into the member to be welded W while repeating the generation of such a plastic fluidized solid layer and the non-plasticization / integration thereof, and the member to be welded W is joined.
The through friction stir welding is started, and thereafter, the welding is continued along the welded line L1.
【0031】ちなみに、本実施の形態における被接合部
材Wはアルミ合金(JIS H 4100に規定されたアルミニウ
ム合金押出形材A6063−T5またはT6)からな
り、図1(b),図3(b)で示す被接合部材Wは厚さ
5mmの板材である。また、図4で示す被接合部材Wは
中空形材であり、同図(a)では、厚さ2.5mmの突
出部が係合することによって、厚さ5mmの被接合部W
3を形成しており、同図(b)では、厚さ5mmの突出
部が、互いに当接し合って被接合部W3を形成する。ま
た、貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ1の移動送り速度は、
0.05〜2m/min、回転速度は、500rpm〜
15000rpmの範囲で適宜選択される。なお、被接
合部材Wは、前記アルミもしくはアルミ合金に限定され
ず、チタン合金等の他の金属であっても良く、また、板
材に限らず形材であっても良い。By the way, the members W to be joined in the present embodiment are made of aluminum alloy (aluminum alloy extruded profile A6063-T5 or T6 specified in JIS H 4100) and are shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 3 (b). The joined member W indicated by is a plate material having a thickness of 5 mm. Further, the joined member W shown in FIG. 4 is a hollow shape member, and in FIG. 4A, the joined portion W having a thickness of 5 mm is formed by engaging the protruding portion having a thickness of 2.5 mm.
3, the protrusions having a thickness of 5 mm come into contact with each other to form a joined portion W3 in FIG. Further, the moving feed rate of the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 is
0.05 to 2 m / min, rotation speed is 500 rpm to
It is appropriately selected within the range of 15000 rpm. The member W to be joined is not limited to the aluminum or the aluminum alloy, and may be another metal such as a titanium alloy, or may be a plate member instead of a plate member.
【0032】上記本発明の第1、第2の形態に係る貫通
摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ1によれば、図3(a)
(i),(ii) のごとく、回転軸11の押圧力とコイル
スプリング12の付勢力との間の大小関係で決まる一定
の範囲内で肉厚が異なる複数の被接合部W3の接合に対
しても、同一の貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブを適用可能
である。ちなみに、同図(a)におけるd1とd2は被
接合部材Wの肉厚を示しており、d1はd2より大き
い。さらに、被接合部材Wの変形や厚み変動によって、
被接合部材Wの上面同士の間と下面同士の間に各々段差
が生じても、上記回転軸11の凹形底面11bと下面押
圧部15に形成した凹形上面15bの作用と、前記押圧
力の作用によるプローブの肩11sの被接合部材Wの上
部への所定の深さの押し込みと前記付勢力の作用による
下面押圧部の肩15sの被接合部材Wの下部への所定の
深さの押し込みとのそれぞれの作用により、接合部上部
における空洞欠陥や溝状欠陥、接合部上面におけるバリ
欠陥や接合部下面における畝状欠陥等の発生が防止され
る。According to the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above , FIG.
As shown in (i) and (ii), the pressing force of the rotating shaft 11 and the coil
The same penetrating friction stir welding probe can be applied to the welding of a plurality of welded portions W3 having different wall thicknesses within a certain range determined by the magnitude relationship between the spring 12 and the urging force. By the way, d1 and d2 in the same figure (a) have shown the wall thickness of the to-be-joined member W, and d1 is larger than d2. Furthermore, due to the deformation and thickness variation of the members W to be joined,
Even if there is a step between the upper surfaces of the joined members W and between the lower surfaces thereof, the action of the concave bottom surface 11b of the rotary shaft 11 and the concave upper surface 15b formed on the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the pressing force pushing of a predetermined depth into the bottom of the workpieces W of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion by the action of the biasing force and pushing a predetermined depth into the upper portion of the workpieces W of the probe shoulder 11s by the action By the respective actions, the occurrence of cavity defects and groove-like defects in the upper part of the joint, burr defects in the upper face of the joint, ridge defects in the lower face of the joint, etc. are prevented.
【0033】さらに、本実施の形態によれば、図4
(a),(b)のごとく、複数の中空形材をつなぎ合わ
せて一枚の幅広形材を製造する場合にも、被接合部W3
の下の空間に、図6で示した従来例のように、それぞれ
の空間形状に合った裏当て部材を嵌め込んで支持する必
要が無く、容易に接合できる。Further, according to the present embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), even when a plurality of hollow shape members are joined together to produce one wide shape member, the joined portion W3
Unlike the conventional example shown in FIG. 6, it is not necessary to fit and support a backing member suitable for each space shape in the space below, and it can be easily joined.
【0034】また、図示はしないが、肉厚の大きな板材
の貫通接合を行う場合や、ハニカムパネル材の上面部と
下面部の両方を接合する際に、本実施の形態の貫通摩擦
攪拌接合用プローブを用いれば、前記第1の従来例のプ
ローブを用いたときには、前記図7、図8にそれぞれ示
すように、上下両方向から略同時に又は2回に分けて接
合したり、上下両方から略同時に接合するために摩擦攪
拌接合装置を2式必要とするようなことはなく、被接合
部上部の空洞欠陥や溝状欠陥、接合部下面の畝状欠陥等
の発生を防止しつつ、略1/2の装置コストで、2式の
摩擦攪拌接合装置を使用した場合と同じ高能率の摩擦攪
拌接合が可能となる。Although not shown in the drawings, the through friction stir welding of the present embodiment is used when performing through joining of thick plate materials or when joining both the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the honeycomb panel material. using the probe, wherein the case of using the probe of the first conventional example, FIG. 7, as shown in FIGS. 8, or combined contact <br/> divided into substantially the same time or two times from the upper and lower directions, There is no need for two sets of friction stir welding devices to join from above and below substantially at the same time, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of void defects, groove defects on the upper part of the welded part, and ridge defects on the lower surface of the welded part. At the same time, the friction stir welding with the same high efficiency as in the case where the two types of friction stir welding apparatuses are used can be performed with the apparatus cost of about 1/2.
【0035】以上のように、本発明の上記実施の形態に
係る貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ1は、図3(b)に示
すように、被接合部材Wが湾曲していたり、長尺な部材
である場合にも、また、図4に示すように、中空形材を
つなぎ合わせる場合にも、被接合部材Wに対応した裏当
て部材を準備する必要が無く、かつ、上下両面から略同
時に摩擦攪拌接合したと同様の作業能率上の効果を得る
ことができ、かつ、欠陥のない良好な接合部を得ること
ができる。As described above, in the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention , as shown in FIG. 3B, the member W to be welded is curved or a long member. 4 and, as shown in FIG. 4, it is not necessary to prepare a backing member corresponding to the members W to be joined, and when the hollow members are joined together, the friction from both upper and lower surfaces is almost simultaneously performed. It is possible to obtain the same work efficiency effect as that obtained by stirring and joining, and it is possible to obtain a good joined portion having no defects.
【0036】なお、被接合部材Wを押さえつける押圧力
は、被接合部材Wの材質や厚さまたは形状等によって適
宜選択できる。ちなみに、本実施の形態における被接合
部材Wにアルミ合金を使用する場合は、この押圧力は、
100kgf〜2000kgfの範囲内で設定されるこ
とが望ましい。The pressing force for pressing the members W to be joined can be appropriately selected depending on the material, thickness, shape and the like of the members W to be joined. By the way, when an aluminum alloy is used for the members W to be joined in the present embodiment, this pressing force is
It is desirable to set within the range of 100 kgf to 2000 kgf.
【0037】また、前記付勢手段であるコイルスプリン
グ12の付勢力が、前記押圧力と略同一であれば、被接
合部材Wの上・下面の各々へのプローブの肩11sと下
面押圧部の肩15sの各々の所定の押し込み深さがバラ
ンス良く確保される。しかし、前記の押し込み深さに
は、実際には、一定の許容範囲がある。つまり、この付
勢力は、回転軸11が被接合部材W上面を押圧するため
に設定される押圧力の、75%〜125%の範囲内に調
整することが望ましい。75%未満であれば、被接合部
材Wの下面に段差があった場合に、この下面における下
面押圧部の肩15sの押し込み量が適正値より浅くな
り、接合部上端近辺に空洞欠陥や溝状欠陥等が生成する
可能性が高くなり、125%を超えると、下面における
下面押圧部の肩15sの押し込み量が適正値より過大と
なり下面接合部周辺にバリ欠陥が発生しやすいからであ
る。さらに、前記のとおりこの付勢力を前記押圧力と略
同一とすれば、上記のような欠陥発生を確実に防止でき
て好適である。If the urging force of the coil spring 12 as the urging means is substantially the same as the pressing force, the shoulders 11s of the probe to the upper and lower surfaces of the member W to be joined and the lower surface pressing portion are pressed. A predetermined indentation depth of each of the shoulders 15s is ensured in good balance. However, the pushing depth actually has a certain allowable range. That is, it is desirable that the urging force be adjusted within the range of 75% to 125% of the pressing force set for the rotating shaft 11 to press the upper surface of the joined member W. If it is less than 75%, when there is a step on the lower surface of the member W to be joined, the pushing amount of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion on this lower surface becomes shallower than an appropriate value, and a cavity defect or a groove shape near the upper end of the joining portion is formed. This is because there is a high possibility that defects and the like will be generated, and when it exceeds 125%, the pushing amount of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion on the lower surface becomes excessively larger than an appropriate value, and burr defects are likely to occur around the lower surface joint portion. Furthermore, if the biasing force is made substantially the same as the pressing force as described above, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of defects as described above, which is preferable.
【0038】本発明の実施の形態として、前記図2に示
すようにストッパ部14に雌ネジ孔14scを、攪拌ピ
ン下部に雄ネジ部20scを刻設しておき、ストッパ部
14を攪拌ピン20の先端から螺合にて取り付け、スト
ッパ部14の攪拌ピン20の軸線に沿った上下方向の位
置を調節可能とし、さらには攪拌ピン20へ着脱自在と
することもできる。このようにストッパ部14を移動調
節可能とすれば、下面押圧部15との間に配設されたコ
イルスプリング12の圧縮量を調節することにより、付
勢力を前記回転軸11の被接合部材Wの上面への所定の
押圧力に合わせて調節することが可能となって好適であ
る。なお、このストッパ部14の位置調節のための手段
は、前記螺合による手段に限定されず、例えば、攪拌ピ
ン20の軸線方向に移動自在なストッパ部14を、攪拌
ピン20の下部に上下方向に複数穿設された水平貫通孔
のうちの適切な位置の一つとストッパ部14を水平に貫
通して抜き差し自在なピンにて固定する構造としてもよ
い。As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a female screw hole 14sc is formed in the stopper portion 14 and a male screw portion 20sc is formed in the lower portion of the stirring pin, and the stopper portion 14 is fixed in the stirring pin 20. It is possible to adjust the position of the stopper portion 14 in the vertical direction along the axis of the stirring pin 20 by screwing it from the tip end of the stopper portion 14 and further to be attachable to and detachable from the stirring pin 20. If the stopper portion 14 can be moved and adjusted as described above, the biasing force is adjusted by adjusting the compression amount of the coil spring 12 arranged between the stopper portion 14 and the lower surface pressing portion 15. This is preferable because it can be adjusted according to a predetermined pressing force on the upper surface of the. The means for adjusting the position of the stopper portion 14 is not limited to the above-mentioned means by screwing, and for example, the stopper portion 14 movable in the axial direction of the stirring pin 20 is vertically arranged at the lower portion of the stirring pin 20. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which one of the appropriate positions of the plurality of horizontal through holes bored in and the stopper portion 14 is horizontally penetrated and fixed by a pin that can be freely inserted and removed.
【0039】また、前記第2の実施の形態に係る摩擦攪
拌接合用プローブ(図2参照)によれば、付勢手段であ
るコイルスプリング12の上下両端の各々を下面押圧部
15の下面とストッパ部14の上面の各々に固着する必
要はなく、着脱自在とすることができる。故に、この場
合には、付勢力の異なる付勢手段を複数用意し、適宜交
換して最適な付勢手段を選択することができる。また、
この付勢手段は、コイルスプリング12に限定されず、
例えば、円筒状部材の周面にらせん状スリットを形成し
て付勢力を持たせたり、板ばねや皿ばね等を利用するこ
ともできる。Further, the according to the second friction stir welding probe according to the embodiment (see FIG. 2), the lower surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15 of each of the upper and lower ends of the coil spring 12 is a biasing means and the stopper It does not need to be fixed to each of the upper surfaces of the parts 14, and can be detachable. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to prepare a plurality of biasing means having different biasing forces and replace them appropriately to select the optimum biasing means. Also,
This biasing means is not limited to the coil spring 12,
For example, a spiral slit may be formed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical member to give a biasing force, or a leaf spring, a disc spring or the like may be used.
【0040】以上本発明の実施の形態について説明した
が、本発明はこれらの実施の形態に限られるものでな
く、構成の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で他の実施の形態を
含むことは論を待たない。The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that other embodiments are included within the scope not departing from the gist of the configuration. Don't wait
【0041】[0041]
【発明の効果】本発明に係る貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プロー
ブによれば、以下のような優れた効果を奏する。
(1)凹形の上面を備えた下面押圧部が攪拌ピン及び凹
形の底面を備えた回転軸と一体となって被接合ラインに
沿って移動し、かつ、回転軸の凹形の底面と下面押圧部
の凹形の上面が、各々、常時、被接合部材の上面と下面
の各々に、それぞれ所定の押圧力とこれに略バランスし
たスプリングの付勢力によって押しつけられ、プローブ
の肩と下面押圧部の肩のそれぞれが被接合部材の上端部
と下端部の各々に所定の深さだけ押し込まれている。従
って、被接合部材の変形や板厚の変動にともなう、被接
合材の上面同士及び下面同士の段差が多少生じていて
も、接合部上端部の空洞欠陥や溝状欠陥、接合部下面の
下方への膨出による畝状欠陥、接合部上・下面における
バリ欠陥等の発生を効果的に防止でき、接合強度、接合
表面品質の優れた貫通摩擦攪拌接合が可能である。
(2)同一のプローブで、一定の範囲内で厚みの異なる
被接合部材を接合することも可能で、多種類のプローブ
を用意したり、付勢手段の頻繁な交換を必要とすること
もない。
(3)被接合部材の裏面の形状にフィットした裏当て部
材をその都度加工・成形する必要が無く経済的であると
ともに、湾曲した被接合部材や中空形材等も容易に接合
可能となる。
(4)厚肉の板材やハニカムパネルの接合を、従来のよ
うに上下両方から、略同時にまたは2回に分けて接合す
る必要がなく、装置コストを倍増させることなく、高能
率の接合が可能である。According to the probe for through friction stir welding according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited. (1) The lower surface pressing portion having the concave upper surface moves integrally with the rotary shaft having the stirring pin and the concave bottom surface along the welded line, and the concave bottom surface of the rotary shaft is formed. The concave upper surface of the lower surface pressing portion is constantly pressed against the upper surface and the lower surface of the member to be joined by a predetermined pressing force and a biasing force of a spring substantially balanced with the pressing force, respectively, to press the shoulder and the lower surface of the probe. Each of the shoulders of the parts is pushed into the upper and lower ends of the members to be joined by a predetermined depth. Therefore, even if there is some level difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the materials to be joined due to the deformation of the members to be joined and the variation of the plate thickness, the void defects and groove defects at the upper end of the joined portion, and the lower surface of the lower face of the joined portion It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of ridge-like defects due to the bulge and the burr defects on the upper and lower surfaces of the joint, and it is possible to perform through friction stir welding with excellent joint strength and joint surface quality. (2) It is also possible to join members to be joined having different thicknesses within a certain range with the same probe, and it is not necessary to prepare many kinds of probes or to frequently replace the biasing means. . (3) The backing member that fits the shape of the back surface of the members to be joined does not need to be processed and molded each time, which is economical, and curved members to be joined and hollow members can be joined easily. (4) It is not necessary to join thick plate materials and honeycomb panels from above and below, either at the same time or in two steps as in the conventional case, and highly efficient joining is possible without doubling the device cost. Is.
【図1】 本発明の第1の実施の形態に係り、(a)は
貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブの立面図、(b)は貫通摩
擦攪拌接合開始時の状態を示す一部破断立面図である。FIG. 1 relates to a first embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a probe for through friction stir welding, and (b) is a partially broken elevation view showing a state at the start of through friction stir welding; It is a figure.
【図2】 本発明の第2の実施の形態に係り、(a)は
貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブの立面図、(b)は(a)
のX−X線矢視断面図である。FIG. 2 relates to a second embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a penetrating friction stir welding probe, and (b) is (a).
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
【図3】 (a)は本発明の第2の実施の形態の貫通摩
擦攪拌接合用プローブで肉厚の異なる二対の被接合部材
を各々接合している状態を示す一部破断立面図、(b)
は同じ第2の実施の形態の貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ
で湾曲した被接合部材を接合している状態を示す一部破
断立面図である。FIG. 3A is a partially cutaway elevation view showing a state in which two pairs of members to be welded having different wall thicknesses are respectively joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe according to the second embodiment of the present invention . , (B)
[Fig. 6] is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined by the through friction stir welding probe of the same second embodiment.
【図4】 本発明の第2の実施の形態の貫通摩擦攪拌接
合用プローブで中空形材を接合している状態を示し、
(a)は被接合部が係合している場合の立面図、(b)
は被接合部が当接している場合の立面図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which hollow shape members are joined by a penetrating friction stir welding probe according to a second embodiment of the present invention ,
(A) is an elevation view when the joined parts are engaged, (b)
[Fig. 4] is an elevational view when a joined portion is in contact.
【図5】 第1の従来例のプローブに係り、(a)は板
材の摩擦攪拌接合の状態を示す斜視図であり、(b)は
湾曲した被接合部材を接合している状態の一部破断立面
図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state of friction stir welding of plate materials, and FIG. 5B is a part of a state in which curved members to be joined are joined, in relation to the probe of the first conventional example. FIG.
【図6】 第1の従来例のプローブを用いて中空形材を
摩擦攪拌接合している状態を示し、(a)は被接合部が
係合している場合の立面図、(b)は被接合部が当接し
ている場合の立面図である。FIG. 6 shows a state in which a hollow shape member is friction stir welded using the probe of the first conventional example, FIG. 6A is an elevation view when a welded portion is engaged, and FIG. [Fig. 4] is an elevational view when a joined portion is in contact.
【図7】 第1の従来例のプローブを用いて厚肉の板材
を上下両方向から摩擦攪拌接合している状態を示す立面
図である。FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing a state in which a thick plate material is friction stir welded from both upper and lower directions using the probe of the first conventional example.
【図8】 第1の従来例のプローブを用いてハニカムパ
ネルを上下両方向から摩擦攪拌接合している状態を示す
立面図である。FIG. 8 is an elevational view showing a state where the honeycomb panel is friction stir welded from both upper and lower directions using the probe of the first conventional example.
【図9】 第2の従来例のプローブを用いて板材を摩擦
攪拌接合している状態を示し、(a)は斜視図、(b)
は一部破断立面図である。9A and 9B show a state in which plate materials are friction stir welded using the probe of the second conventional example, FIG. 9A is a perspective view, and FIG.
Is a partially broken elevation view.
1:貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ 11:回転軸 11b:凹形底面 11s:プローブの肩 12:コイルスプリング 14:ストッパ部 14sc:雌ネジ孔 15:下面押圧部 15a:貫通孔 15b:凹形上面 15s:下面押圧部の肩 20:攪拌ピン 20sc:雄ネジ部 22:ガイドバー 23:係合溝 W:被接合部材 W3:被接合部 W4:塑性流動固層 L1:被接合ライン S:裏当て部材 F:押圧手段1: Penetrating friction stir welding probe 11: Rotating shaft 11b: Recessed bottom surface 11s: Probe shoulder 12: Coil spring 14: Stopper portion 14sc: Female screw hole 15: Lower surface pressing portion 15a: Through hole 15b: Recessed upper surface 15s : Shoulder 20 of lower surface pressing part: Stirring pin 20sc: Male screw part 22: Guide bar 23: Engagement groove W: Joined member W3: Joined part W4: Plastic fluidized solid layer L1: Joined line S: Backing member F: pressing means
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平10−71477(JP,A) 特表 平7−505090(JP,A) 特表 平9−508073(JP,A) 米国特許5718366(US,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) B23K 20/12 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-10-71477 (JP, A) JP-A-7-505090 (JP, A) JP-A-9-508073 (JP, A) US Patent 5718366 (US , A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 20/12
Claims (6)
方向への摺動移動自在、かつ、該攪拌ピンに対して相対
的回転不可能に取り付けられ、凹面の上面を備えた下面
押圧部と、前記下面押圧部の周面に固着され、前記攪拌ピンと平行
に下方へ延びるガイドバーと、 前記攪拌ピンの先端部に着脱自在に取り付けられ、前記
ガイドバーが上下に摺動可能に係合する係合溝を外周面
に備えるストッパ部と、 該ストッパ部と前記下面押圧部との間に配設され、前記
下面押圧部を前記回転軸方向に常時付勢する付勢手段
と、 前記回転軸の底面を被接合部材上面に押圧する押圧手段
とを、 備えてなる貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ。1. A rotating shaft having a concave bottom surface, a stirring pin concentrically attached to the bottom surface of the rotating shaft, and a through hole through which the stirring pin is inserted, the stirring pin sliding in the axial direction. It is movable and is attached so that it cannot rotate relative to the stirring pin, and is fixed to the lower surface pressing portion having a concave upper surface and the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing portion, and is parallel to the stirring pin.
To a guide bar extending downward, detachably attached to the tip of the stirring pin, wherein
Engagement groove with which the guide bar slides up and down
A stopper portion provided in, is disposed between the lower surface pressing portion and the stopper portion, and biasing means for normally urging said lower surface pressing portion to the rotation axis direction, the bottom surface of the workpieces the rotational axis A penetrating friction stir welding probe, comprising: pressing means for pressing the upper surface.
軸の押圧力が、100〜2000kgfの範囲で設定さ
れ、かつ、前記付勢手段による付勢力が、前記設定され
た押圧力の75〜125%の範囲内に設定される、 請求項1に記載された貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プローブ。2. The pressing force of the rotary shaft for pressing the upper surface of the members to be joined is set in the range of 100 to 2000 kgf, and the biasing force of the biasing means is 75 to 75% of the set pressing force . The through friction stir welding probe according to claim 1, wherein the probe is set within a range of 125%.
合部材上面を押圧する前記回転軸の押圧力と略同一に設
定される、 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の貫通摩擦攪拌接合用プロ
ーブ。3. The through friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein the urging force of the urging means is set to be substantially the same as the pressing force of the rotary shaft that presses the upper surface of the member to be welded. Probe.
前記ストッパ部の軸線方向取付け位置が移動・調節可能
である、 請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の貫通摩擦攪
拌接合用プローブ。4. The through friction stir welding according to claim 1 , wherein an axial mounting position of the stopper portion mounted on a tip portion of the stirring pin is movable and adjustable. probe.
ある、 請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の貫通摩擦攪
拌接合用プローブ。5. The penetrating friction stir welding probe according to claim 1, wherein the urging means is detachable from the disposed state.
体にらせん形スリットを形成した弾性体、複数枚の皿ば
ねの一つからなる、 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の貫通摩擦攪
拌接合用プローブ。6. The urging means comprises one of a coil spring, an elastic body in which a spiral slit is formed in a tubular body, and a plurality of disc springs. The penetrating friction stir welding probe described.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP20094698A JP3449403B2 (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Probe for penetration friction stir welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP20094698A JP3449403B2 (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Probe for penetration friction stir welding |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2000033484A JP2000033484A (en) | 2000-02-02 |
JP3449403B2 true JP3449403B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
Family
ID=16432941
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JP20094698A Expired - Fee Related JP3449403B2 (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Probe for penetration friction stir welding |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP3571601B2 (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2004-09-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Friction stir welding method |
JP2002239756A (en) | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Friction agitation joining method and device for the same |
JP4216048B2 (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2009-01-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Friction stir welding equipment using bobbin tool and its joining method |
US7448528B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2008-11-11 | The Boeing Company | Stir forming apparatus and method |
US7163136B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2007-01-16 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus and method for friction stir welding utilizing a grooved pin |
JP2006088173A (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-06 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Friction stir welding method for double skin shape |
JP4755149B2 (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2011-08-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of wide panel body |
CN103167927B (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2015-10-14 | 株式会社Ihi | Friction-stir engagement device |
JP6042624B2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2016-12-14 | 株式会社特殊金属エクセル | Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of joined body |
JP5765821B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-08-19 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Rotation tool |
US9393640B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2016-07-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Welded material manufacturing method and welding jig |
CN103223554B (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-04-13 | 姚雪飞 | Agitating friction welder |
JP7019161B2 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2022-02-15 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Friction stir welding tool |
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1998
- 1998-07-15 JP JP20094698A patent/JP3449403B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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