JP3449403B2 - Probe for penetration friction stir welding - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plate material, an extruded shape material, a hollow shape material and a joined member such as a honeycomb panel, which are made of a metal which is difficult to melt and weld such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, through friction stir welding. The present invention relates to a probe for through friction stir welding suitable for joining.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The basic technique of conventional friction stir welding is
For example, WO93 / 10935 (PCT / GB92 / 0
2203) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-508073. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-52772 discloses a method for manufacturing a honeycomb panel using friction stir welding. First, the above-mentioned conventional friction stir welding technique is divided into first and second conventional examples according to the difference in the configuration of the probe, and will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9. 5A and 5B relate to a probe of a first conventional example, FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a state during friction stir welding of plate materials, and FIG. 5B is a partial fracture showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined. It is an elevation view. Further, FIG. 6 shows a state where the hollow shape members are joined by using the probe of the first conventional example, and (a) is an elevation view in which the joined portions of the joined members are engaged. ,
(B) is an elevational view when the to-be-joined part of the to-be-joined member is contacting. Further, FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing a state in which a thick member to be joined is friction stir welded from above and below in the probe of the first conventional example, and FIG. 8 is also the probe of the first conventional example. FIG. 3 is an elevational view showing a state in which a honeycomb panel is manufactured by friction stir welding from both upper and lower sides. FIG. 9 relates to a probe of a second conventional example, (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which plate materials are subjected to through friction stir welding, (b)
3A is a partially broken elevational view as seen from the joining direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3A, where FIG. 1I shows the case where the wall thickness is large, and FIG. 2II shows the case where the wall thickness is thin.

As shown in FIG. 5, a probe P10 according to the first conventional example comprises a rotary shaft P1 having a dish-shaped concave bottom surface P5 formed at its tip and a stirring pin P2 protruding from the tip of the rotary shaft P1. The driving means (not shown) presses, rotates and moves the probe P10. The driving means includes a pressing means F, rotates the probe P10, and
The rotating stirring pin P2 is inserted into the joined portion W3 in which the joined members W are butted, and the concave bottom surface P5 is pressed against the upper surface of the joined member W, and the tip edge of the concave bottom surface P5 (hereinafter referred to as the shoulder of the probe). P1s is pushed in from the upper surface of the member W to be joined by a predetermined depth.

Then, frictional heat is generated between the rotating stirring pin P2 and the member W to be joined and between the concave bottom surface P5 and the member W to be joined, and the frictional heat plasticizes the member W to be joined. A plastic flow solid phase W4 is formed, and the welded portion W3
Are integrated. In this state, when the probe P10 is moved along the connection L1 of the joined portion W3 (hereinafter referred to as the joined line) L1, the temperature of the plastic flow solid phase W4 decreases after the probe P10 has passed and the non-plastic Turn into. The members W to be joined are joined by successively producing and integrating this plastic flow solid phase W4 and unplasticizing it. Reference numeral P3 is a chuck portion that holds the rotary shaft P1, and reference numeral S is a backing member that supports the lower surface of the joined member W.

In the case of manufacturing a honeycomb panel, as shown in FIG. 8, a honeycomb panel including a face plate 51, a core material 52, and an edge material 56 manufactured by an extrusion method is used as a fixing table 6.
It is arranged at 0 and is fixed by the fixing jig 57 from the left and right and the vertical direction. Bonding is done with the edge material 56 of the honeycomb panel.
The stirring pin 55 attached to the rotary shaft 54 is inserted into the above portion from above and below. The rotating shaft 54 moves in the bonding direction while being rotated by the driving force of the driving means 59 attached to the robot 58, and solid-phase bonds the honeycomb panels together.

A bonding probe P20 according to a second conventional example.
As shown in FIG. 9, a rotating shaft P1 having a flat bottom surface P6 having a chamfered portion P8 at a corner, a stirring pin P2 protruding from the center of the bottom surface P6 concentrically with the rotating shaft P1, and a stirring pin P2 The chamfer P8 is provided on the corner at the tip.
And a backing portion P4 having a flat upper surface P7 provided with the above, and the rotation and movement of this bonding probe P20 are performed by a driving means (not shown). In this case, the pressing means F required in the case of the first conventional example is unnecessary. The drive means rotates the welding probe P20, pushes the rotating stirring pin P2 into the welded portion W3 from the side of the welded member W, and further, the bottom surface P6 of the rotating shaft P1 and the upper surface of the backing portion P4. The member W to be joined is sandwiched between P7 and P7. Then, the bonding probe P20 is moved along the bonded line L1.

Then, frictional heat is generated between the rotating stirring pin P2 and the member W to be welded, and between the bottom surface P6 of the rotating shaft P1 and the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 and the member W to be welded. As in the case of the conventional example, the members W to be joined are pierced and joined by successively producing the plastic flow solid phase W4 and deplasticizing / integrating it.

Although not specifically described with reference to the drawings, the aforementioned WO93 / 10935 (PCT / GB9) is used.
2/02203), in the welding probe P20 according to Conventional Example 2, as one measure for coping with a small plate thickness variation of the member W to be welded with respect to the nominal plate thickness, the rotation axis P1. There is a description that the space between the bottom surface P6 and the upper surface P7 of the backing part P4 can be expanded and contracted by the action of a spring. The upper surface P7 of the bottom P6 and the backing portion P4 of the rotary shaft P1 in this case be formed in the radius of curvature 0.1mm or more orders of spherical (convex) shape, the upper surface of the workpieces W and the bottom surface P6 It is described that it is desirable to improve the contact between the upper surface P7 and the lower surface of the member W to be joined.

[0009]

However, the first conventional example has the following problems.

(1) When the members W to be joined are deformed or the thickness of the members W is changed, a step is formed between the upper surfaces and the lower surfaces of the pair of members W to be joined. Due to this step, a gap may be partially formed between one lower surface of the member W to be joined and the backing member S. Further, due to the deformation of both the pair of members W to be joined, a partial gap may be formed between the lower surface of the member W and the backing member S. At the place where this gap is formed, the lower surface of the joined member W is insufficiently cooled, the softened lower surface of the joined member is deformed downward, and the ridge-shaped notch that bulges downward from the surrounding lower surface of the base material.
Occasions may occur. Further, when the extent (bulging height) of such a ridge-like defect exceeds a certain limit, a void defect or a groove defect is generated in the upper part of the joined portion W3 due to the insufficient amount of the plastic flow solid phase W4.

(2) When the member W to be welded is deformed or the thickness of the member W is changed, the tip of the stirring pin P2 and the lower surface of the member W to be welded are relatively moved in position, and the tip of the stirring pin P2 is moved to the back side. By contacting the upper surface of the abutting member S, abrasion powder of the agitating pin P2 and the backing member S mixes in the vicinity of the lower end of the welded part 3 to cause a defect, or the tip of the agitating pin P2 and the welded member W. If the distance from the lower surface of the joint is too large, an unjoined portion is formed in the lower portion of the joined portion W3, and the strength of the joined portion may be insufficient, which may cause a problem.

(3) When the bending members are joined as shown in FIG. 5 (b) or the hollow extruded shape members are joined as shown in FIG. 6, the problem described in the above item (1) is encountered. In order to avoid the points, the backing member S having a shape that accurately fits the shapes of the lower surface and the inner surface of these members to be joined must be processed and molded each time to prepare the backing member S. Therefore, the cost is increased, and it takes time and labor to set the backing member S with high precision.

(4) In order to cope with the problems described in the above items (1) to (3), and to obtain a perfect joint over the entire thickness of a thick plate material exceeding a predetermined thickness. Is
As shown in FIG. 7, from both upper and lower directions, substantially at the same time, or 2
Although it is possible to perform friction stir welding in two steps, the equipment cost is doubled when the steps are performed at substantially the same time, and the productivity is reduced to approximately ½ when the steps are performed in two steps.

(5) Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the honeycomb panels are joined, the friction stir welding apparatus is arranged at the upper and lower sides, and the upper and lower sides are joined substantially at the same time. Will be done.

In the case of the second conventional example, the rotation axis P
1 has a bottom surface P6 and an upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 formed into a spherical surface (convex surface), and the shoulder of the probe and the shoulder of the backing portion are respectively covered as in the first conventional example. No means for positively pushing the joining member W from the upper surface and the lower surface to a predetermined depth is taken. Therefore, the joined member W
When there is a step between the upper surfaces of the pair of members to be joined W and the lower surfaces thereof due to the deformation of the members and the variation in the plate thickness, between the upper surface of the members to be joined W and the bottom surface P6 of the rotation axis P1 and Not only the plastic fluidized solid phase leaks out from between the lower surface of the member W to be joined and the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4, and burr defects on the upper and lower surfaces of the joined portion are more likely to occur. The amount of the plasticized solid phase required to completely fill the space generated by the movement of P2 is insufficient, and cavities and groove-like defects occur in the upper and lower ends of the welded part W3, especially in the upper end. Cheap. Further, the softened member to be joined on the lower surface of the member to be joined W, which has a gap between the upper surface P7 of the backing portion P4 and the stepped portion, may bulge downward to cause a ridge defect .

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and hollow defects, groove defects, and ridges on the lower surface are formed in the joint portion that is through friction stir welding.
-Like defects can be prevented and through-frictional stir welding can be performed with the same probe for members to be joined that have different sheet thicknesses even within the range of small sheet thickness fluctuations. An object of the present invention is to provide a penetrating friction stir welding probe capable of performing highly efficient welding in one pass with only one friction stir welding apparatus.

[0017]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides, as a first means, a penetrating friction stir welding probe, a rotary shaft having a concave bottom surface, and a rotary shaft of the rotary shaft. An agitator pin concentrically attached to the bottom surface and a through hole for inserting the agitator pin are provided, and the agitator pin is slidably movable in the axial direction and is non-rotatably attached to the agitator pin. A lower surface pressing portion having a concave upper surface,
Secured to the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing part and parallel to the stirring pin
The guide bar extending downward to the tip of the stirring pin.
Removably attached, the guide bar slides up and down
A stopper portion having an engagement groove on the outer peripheral surface that engages as much as possible ,
An urging means arranged between the stopper portion and the lower surface pressing portion for constantly urging the lower surface pressing portion in the rotating shaft direction, and a pressing means for pressing the bottom surface of the rotating shaft to the upper surface of the member to be joined. And are configured to be provided.

In the above-mentioned present invention, as a second means, the pressing force of the rotary shaft for pressing the upper surface of the members to be joined is set in the range of 100 to 2000 kgf, and the urging force of the urging means is set. Is 7 of the set pressing force .
It is desirable to set in the range of 5 to 125%.

In the present invention described above, as the third means, it is desirable that the urging force of the urging means is set to be substantially the same as the pressing force of the rotary shaft that presses the upper surface of the members to be joined.

[0020] In the above present invention, as a fourth means, it is desirable axial mounting position of the stopper portion attached to the tip portion of the stirring pin is movable and adjust.

In the above invention, as the fifth means, the urging means may be detachable from the installed state.

In the above-mentioned present invention, as a sixth means, the urging means comprises one of a coil spring, an elastic body in which a spiral slit is formed in a tubular body, a plurality of disc springs and the like. Just configure it.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a penetrating friction stir welding probe according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is an elevational view of a probe for through friction stir welding, and FIG. 1B is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state at the start of through friction stir welding. , FIG. 2
According to the second embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a probe for through friction stir welding, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (a), and (a) is shown in FIG. A partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which two pairs of members to be joined having different wall thicknesses are respectively joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe of the second embodiment,
FIG. 4B is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe of the same second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is the same second embodiment. 6 shows a state in which the same hollow shape members as those shown in FIG. 6 are joined by the through friction stir welding probe of FIG. 6, (a) is an elevation view when the joined portions are engaged, (b) [Fig. 4] is an elevation view when the joined portions are in contact with each other.

In the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention , as shown in FIG. 1, a concave bottom surface 11b is formed at the tip of the rotary shaft 11, and the concave bottom surface 11b is formed.
A stirring pin 20, which has the same axis as the rotating shaft 11, is screwed and attached to the central portion of the. The stirring pin 20 slidably penetrates a through hole 15a formed in the lower surface pressing portion 15, and a stopper portion 14 is fixedly provided at the tip thereof. The lower surface pressing portion 15 is a short columnar member, and the through hole 15a through which the stirring pin 20 penetrates extends from the upper surface to the lower surface of the short columnar member, and a concave upper surface 15b is formed on this upper surface. In addition, the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the stopper portion 14
A coil spring 12, which is a biasing means, is disposed between and. That is, the coil spring 12 constantly urges the lower surface pressing portion 15 toward the lower surface side of the member W to be joined, the lower surface pressing portion 15 moves along the axis of the stirring pin 20, and the concave upper surface 15b. Contacts the lower surface of the member W to be joined. The upper and lower ends of the coil spring 12 are fixed to the lower surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the upper surface of the stopper portion 14, respectively. Therefore, the rotation of the stirring pin 20 is transmitted to the lower surface pressing portion 15 via the stopper portion 14 and the coil spring 12, and the lower surface pressing portion 15 is rotated by the stirring pin 2.
It rotates in synchronization with 0 rotation.

In the present embodiment, the rotating shaft 11 and the lower surface pressing portion 15 have an outer diameter of 15 mm, and the stirring pin 20 has an outer diameter of 5 mm, which are made of tool steel or the like.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the stopper portion 1 has an axis parallel to the axis of the stirring pin 20.
The side surfaces of the upper end portions of the guide bars 22, 22 extending toward the fourth side (downward in FIG. 2) are fixed to the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15.
Therefore, the guide bars 22 and 22 have the lower surface pressing portion 15
Along with the movement of the stirring pin 20 moves in parallel with the axis of the stirring pin 20.

On the other hand, the disk-shaped stopper portion 14 attached to the tip of the stirring pin 20 is slightly larger than the diameter of the lower surface pressing portion 15, and the outer peripheral surface thereof has the above-mentioned guide.
Engagement grooves 23, 23 corresponding to the positions of the bars 22, 22 are engraved, and the guide bars 22,
22 slides up and down. That is, the guide bars 22, 22
Always moves in a state of being engaged with the engagement groove 23, and as a result, the rotation of the stirring pin 20 is transmitted to the lower surface pressing portion 15, and both rotate in synchronization.

Next, the operation when the through friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment is used for the through friction stir welding will be described. The objects of the through friction stir welding in the present embodiment are two metal plate members that are butted against each other in a horizontal state. In the following description, these two metal plate members will be the member W to be welded and the member W to be welded W. The joined portion is referred to as a joined portion W3, and the connection of the joined portion W3 is referred to as a joined line L1.

When performing friction stir welding using the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention , first, two plate pieces having the same material and thickness as the member W to be welded are used. A pair of split tab plates having cross-sectional semicircular grooves having a radius slightly larger than the outer diameter of the stirring pin 20 are manufactured on opposite side surfaces. The rotary shaft 1 is composed of a pair of split tab plates.
The concave bottom surface 11b of 1 and the concave upper surface 15b of the lower surface pressing portion 15
And a tab Ta which is inserted through the stirring pin 20 and is formed so that the axis of the stirring pin 20 is located within the plane including the joined portion 3 of the joined member W. , Is fixed to the joining start end surface of the joined member W. Then,
The concave bottom surface 11b of the rotary shaft 11 is pressed by the pressing means F with the tab T.
The probe is rotated while being pressed against the upper surface of the a, and the shoulder 11s of the probe is pushed into the upper portion of the tab Ta by a predetermined depth. On the other hand, by the biasing force of the coil spring 12 which is selected in advance so as to generate the biasing force that substantially matches the pressing force of the pressing means F,
The concave upper surface 15b of the lower surface pressing portion 15 is pressed against the lower surface of the tab Ta, and the upper edge (hereinafter, referred to as a shoulder of the lower surface pressing portion) 15s of the concave upper surface 15b is pressed into the lower portion of the tab Ta by a predetermined depth.

After that, while rotating the rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 and moving them from the tab plate toward the end of the line L1 to be joined, the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin 20 and the rotating shaft 1 are moved.
The concave bottom surface 11b of FIG. 1 and the concave top surface 15 of the lower surface pressing portion 15
The frictional heat between each b and the member W to be welded plasticizes a material in a certain area around the stirring pin 20 in the tab plate to generate a plastic fluidized solid layer W4, and the rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 are formed. Moves to lower the temperature, and the joint portion is formed in the tab Ta by deplasticizing and integrating the plastic fluidized solid layer. The rotating shaft 11 and the stirring pin 20 move from inside the tab Ta into the member to be welded W while repeating the generation of such a plastic fluidized solid layer and the non-plasticization / integration thereof, and the member to be welded W is joined.
The through friction stir welding is started, and thereafter, the welding is continued along the welded line L1.

By the way, the members W to be joined in the present embodiment are made of aluminum alloy (aluminum alloy extruded profile A6063-T5 or T6 specified in JIS H 4100) and are shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 3 (b). The joined member W indicated by is a plate material having a thickness of 5 mm. Further, the joined member W shown in FIG. 4 is a hollow shape member, and in FIG. 4A, the joined portion W having a thickness of 5 mm is formed by engaging the protruding portion having a thickness of 2.5 mm.
3, the protrusions having a thickness of 5 mm come into contact with each other to form a joined portion W3 in FIG. Further, the moving feed rate of the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 is
0.05 to 2 m / min, rotation speed is 500 rpm to
It is appropriately selected within the range of 15000 rpm. The member W to be joined is not limited to the aluminum or the aluminum alloy, and may be another metal such as a titanium alloy, or may be a plate member instead of a plate member.

According to the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above , FIG.
As shown in (i) and (ii), the pressing force of the rotating shaft 11 and the coil
The same penetrating friction stir welding probe can be applied to the welding of a plurality of welded portions W3 having different wall thicknesses within a certain range determined by the magnitude relationship between the spring 12 and the urging force. By the way, d1 and d2 in the same figure (a) have shown the wall thickness of the to-be-joined member W, and d1 is larger than d2. Furthermore, due to the deformation and thickness variation of the members W to be joined,
Even if there is a step between the upper surfaces of the joined members W and between the lower surfaces thereof, the action of the concave bottom surface 11b of the rotary shaft 11 and the concave upper surface 15b formed on the lower surface pressing portion 15 and the pressing force pushing of a predetermined depth into the bottom of the workpieces W of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion by the action of the biasing force and pushing a predetermined depth into the upper portion of the workpieces W of the probe shoulder 11s by the action By the respective actions, the occurrence of cavity defects and groove-like defects in the upper part of the joint, burr defects in the upper face of the joint, ridge defects in the lower face of the joint, etc. are prevented.

Further, according to the present embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), even when a plurality of hollow shape members are joined together to produce one wide shape member, the joined portion W3
Unlike the conventional example shown in FIG. 6, it is not necessary to fit and support a backing member suitable for each space shape in the space below, and it can be easily joined.

Although not shown in the drawings, the through friction stir welding of the present embodiment is used when performing through joining of thick plate materials or when joining both the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the honeycomb panel material. using the probe, wherein the case of using the probe of the first conventional example, FIG. 7, as shown in FIGS. 8, or combined contact <br/> divided into substantially the same time or two times from the upper and lower directions, There is no need for two sets of friction stir welding devices to join from above and below substantially at the same time, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of void defects, groove defects on the upper part of the welded part, and ridge defects on the lower surface of the welded part. At the same time, the friction stir welding with the same high efficiency as in the case where the two types of friction stir welding apparatuses are used can be performed with the apparatus cost of about 1/2.

As described above, in the penetrating friction stir welding probe 1 according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention , as shown in FIG. 3B, the member W to be welded is curved or a long member. 4 and, as shown in FIG. 4, it is not necessary to prepare a backing member corresponding to the members W to be joined, and when the hollow members are joined together, the friction from both upper and lower surfaces is almost simultaneously performed. It is possible to obtain the same work efficiency effect as that obtained by stirring and joining, and it is possible to obtain a good joined portion having no defects.

The pressing force for pressing the members W to be joined can be appropriately selected depending on the material, thickness, shape and the like of the members W to be joined. By the way, when an aluminum alloy is used for the members W to be joined in the present embodiment, this pressing force is
It is desirable to set within the range of 100 kgf to 2000 kgf.

If the urging force of the coil spring 12 as the urging means is substantially the same as the pressing force, the shoulders 11s of the probe to the upper and lower surfaces of the member W to be joined and the lower surface pressing portion are pressed. A predetermined indentation depth of each of the shoulders 15s is ensured in good balance. However, the pushing depth actually has a certain allowable range. That is, it is desirable that the urging force be adjusted within the range of 75% to 125% of the pressing force set for the rotating shaft 11 to press the upper surface of the joined member W. If it is less than 75%, when there is a step on the lower surface of the member W to be joined, the pushing amount of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion on this lower surface becomes shallower than an appropriate value, and a cavity defect or a groove shape near the upper end of the joining portion is formed. This is because there is a high possibility that defects and the like will be generated, and when it exceeds 125%, the pushing amount of the shoulder 15s of the lower surface pressing portion on the lower surface becomes excessively larger than an appropriate value, and burr defects are likely to occur around the lower surface joint portion. Furthermore, if the biasing force is made substantially the same as the pressing force as described above, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of defects as described above, which is preferable.

As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a female screw hole 14sc is formed in the stopper portion 14 and a male screw portion 20sc is formed in the lower portion of the stirring pin, and the stopper portion 14 is fixed in the stirring pin 20. It is possible to adjust the position of the stopper portion 14 in the vertical direction along the axis of the stirring pin 20 by screwing it from the tip end of the stopper portion 14 and further to be attachable to and detachable from the stirring pin 20. If the stopper portion 14 can be moved and adjusted as described above, the biasing force is adjusted by adjusting the compression amount of the coil spring 12 arranged between the stopper portion 14 and the lower surface pressing portion 15. This is preferable because it can be adjusted according to a predetermined pressing force on the upper surface of the. The means for adjusting the position of the stopper portion 14 is not limited to the above-mentioned means by screwing, and for example, the stopper portion 14 movable in the axial direction of the stirring pin 20 is vertically arranged at the lower portion of the stirring pin 20. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which one of the appropriate positions of the plurality of horizontal through holes bored in and the stopper portion 14 is horizontally penetrated and fixed by a pin that can be freely inserted and removed.

Further, the according to the second friction stir welding probe according to the embodiment (see FIG. 2), the lower surface of the lower surface pressing portion 15 of each of the upper and lower ends of the coil spring 12 is a biasing means and the stopper It does not need to be fixed to each of the upper surfaces of the parts 14, and can be detachable. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to prepare a plurality of biasing means having different biasing forces and replace them appropriately to select the optimum biasing means. Also,
This biasing means is not limited to the coil spring 12,
For example, a spiral slit may be formed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical member to give a biasing force, or a leaf spring, a disc spring or the like may be used.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that other embodiments are included within the scope not departing from the gist of the configuration. Don't wait

[0041]

According to the probe for through friction stir welding according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited. (1) The lower surface pressing portion having the concave upper surface moves integrally with the rotary shaft having the stirring pin and the concave bottom surface along the welded line, and the concave bottom surface of the rotary shaft is formed. The concave upper surface of the lower surface pressing portion is constantly pressed against the upper surface and the lower surface of the member to be joined by a predetermined pressing force and a biasing force of a spring substantially balanced with the pressing force, respectively, to press the shoulder and the lower surface of the probe. Each of the shoulders of the parts is pushed into the upper and lower ends of the members to be joined by a predetermined depth. Therefore, even if there is some level difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the materials to be joined due to the deformation of the members to be joined and the variation of the plate thickness, the void defects and groove defects at the upper end of the joined portion, and the lower surface of the lower face of the joined portion It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of ridge-like defects due to the bulge and the burr defects on the upper and lower surfaces of the joint, and it is possible to perform through friction stir welding with excellent joint strength and joint surface quality. (2) It is also possible to join members to be joined having different thicknesses within a certain range with the same probe, and it is not necessary to prepare many kinds of probes or to frequently replace the biasing means. . (3) The backing member that fits the shape of the back surface of the members to be joined does not need to be processed and molded each time, which is economical, and curved members to be joined and hollow members can be joined easily. (4) It is not necessary to join thick plate materials and honeycomb panels from above and below, either at the same time or in two steps as in the conventional case, and highly efficient joining is possible without doubling the device cost. Is.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 relates to a first embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a probe for through friction stir welding, and (b) is a partially broken elevation view showing a state at the start of through friction stir welding; It is a figure.

FIG. 2 relates to a second embodiment of the present invention , (a) is an elevation view of a penetrating friction stir welding probe, and (b) is (a).
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 3A is a partially cutaway elevation view showing a state in which two pairs of members to be welded having different wall thicknesses are respectively joined by the penetrating friction stir welding probe according to the second embodiment of the present invention . , (B)
[Fig. 6] is a partially cutaway elevational view showing a state in which curved members to be joined are joined by the through friction stir welding probe of the same second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which hollow shape members are joined by a penetrating friction stir welding probe according to a second embodiment of the present invention ,
(A) is an elevation view when the joined parts are engaged, (b)
[Fig. 4] is an elevational view when a joined portion is in contact.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state of friction stir welding of plate materials, and FIG. 5B is a part of a state in which curved members to be joined are joined, in relation to the probe of the first conventional example. FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which a hollow shape member is friction stir welded using the probe of the first conventional example, FIG. 6A is an elevation view when a welded portion is engaged, and FIG. [Fig. 4] is an elevational view when a joined portion is in contact.

FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing a state in which a thick plate material is friction stir welded from both upper and lower directions using the probe of the first conventional example.

FIG. 8 is an elevational view showing a state where the honeycomb panel is friction stir welded from both upper and lower directions using the probe of the first conventional example.

9A and 9B show a state in which plate materials are friction stir welded using the probe of the second conventional example, FIG. 9A is a perspective view, and FIG.
Is a partially broken elevation view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Penetrating friction stir welding probe 11: Rotating shaft 11b: Recessed bottom surface 11s: Probe shoulder 12: Coil spring 14: Stopper portion 14sc: Female screw hole 15: Lower surface pressing portion 15a: Through hole 15b: Recessed upper surface 15s : Shoulder 20 of lower surface pressing part: Stirring pin 20sc: Male screw part 22: Guide bar 23: Engagement groove W: Joined member W3: Joined part W4: Plastic fluidized solid layer L1: Joined line S: Backing member F: pressing means

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-10-71477 (JP, A) JP-A-7-505090 (JP, A) JP-A-9-508073 (JP, A) US Patent 5718366 (US , A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23K 20/12

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating shaft having a concave bottom surface, a stirring pin concentrically attached to the bottom surface of the rotating shaft, and a through hole through which the stirring pin is inserted, the stirring pin sliding in the axial direction. It is movable and is attached so that it cannot rotate relative to the stirring pin, and is fixed to the lower surface pressing portion having a concave upper surface and the peripheral surface of the lower surface pressing portion, and is parallel to the stirring pin.
To a guide bar extending downward, detachably attached to the tip of the stirring pin, wherein
Engagement groove with which the guide bar slides up and down
A stopper portion provided in, is disposed between the lower surface pressing portion and the stopper portion, and biasing means for normally urging said lower surface pressing portion to the rotation axis direction, the bottom surface of the workpieces the rotational axis A penetrating friction stir welding probe, comprising: pressing means for pressing the upper surface. 2. The pressing force of the rotary shaft for pressing the upper surface of the members to be joined is set in the range of 100 to 2000 kgf, and the biasing force of the biasing means is 75 to 75% of the set pressing force . The through friction stir welding probe according to claim 1, wherein the probe is set within a range of 125%. 3. The through friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein the urging force of the urging means is set to be substantially the same as the pressing force of the rotary shaft that presses the upper surface of the member to be welded. Probe. 4. The through friction stir welding according to claim 1 , wherein an axial mounting position of the stopper portion mounted on a tip portion of the stirring pin is movable and adjustable. probe. 5. The penetrating friction stir welding probe according to claim 1, wherein the urging means is detachable from the disposed state. 6. The urging means comprises one of a coil spring, an elastic body in which a spiral slit is formed in a tubular body, and a plurality of disc springs. The penetrating friction stir welding probe described.