JP2005297643A - Three-wheel type power-assisted bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-wheel type power-assisted bicycle which can be used regardless of weather, needs not to let the feet drop on the surface of the road even during stop, is not exposed to the weather, and can be stably operated with low center of gravity. <P>SOLUTION: The three-wheel type power-assisted bicycle capable of self-standing even during stop equipped with an electric motor 61 transmitting the power generated according to the pedal driving force of a rider to a rear wheel 10r. A cabin 106 of the rider is formed, a vehicle body shell 105 opening the under surface is fixed, and a floor 130 is detachably attached to a vehicle body frame F supporting a saddle 15 with a backrest 39 disposed in front of the rear wheel 10r and at the lower part from the top surface of the rear wheel 10r, and a crank shaft 17 disposed in front of the saddle 15. The front cover 137 covering the front wheel 10f and the rear cover 138 covering the rear wheel 10r are detachably connected to the floor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-wheeled electric assist bicycle that is equipped with an electric motor that transmits power generated in accordance with a rider's pedal driving force to a rear wheel and that can stand on its own even when the vehicle is stopped. It relates to the improvement of assist bicycles.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bicycle with a hood that covers only the upper part of the rider for rain protection and wind protection of the rider is already known as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.
JP-A-11-59552

  In the conventional bicycle described above, the hood covers only the upper part of the rider, so it cannot protect the rider's feet against wind and rain blowing from the front, and almost no rider against wind and rain from the side. It cannot be protected. Moreover, since the bicycle is a two-wheeled vehicle, it is impossible to protect the feet lowered on the road surface from the wind and rain while the vehicle is stopped.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can be used regardless of the weather, and it is not necessary to lower the foot on the road surface even when the vehicle is stopped. The object is to provide a three-wheel electric assist bicycle that can be driven stably with a low center of gravity.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a three-wheeled electric assist bicycle equipped with an electric motor that transmits power generated in accordance with a rider's pedal driving force to a rear wheel, which can stand on its own even when stopped. The vehicle body frame, the front wheels and the rear wheels are mounted on a vehicle body frame that supports a saddle with a backrest disposed in front of the wheel and below the upper surface of the rear wheel, and a crankshaft with a pedal disposed in front of the saddle. A vehicle body shell with a window that covers the top and defines the cabin of the rider and opens the lower surface is fixed, and a floor that closes the front and rear center of the open lower surface of the body shell is detachably attached to the body frame. A front cover that closes the front of the lower open surface of the body shell while covering the front wheel and a rear cover that closes the rear of the open lower surface while covering the rear wheel are detachably connected to the floor. And, the first, characterized in that on the side of the vehicle body shell provided with entrance opened and closed by a door.

  According to the present invention, in addition to the first feature, a swing arm that pivotally supports the left and right rear wheels is connected to the rear end portion of the vehicle body frame via a cushion member so as to swing up and down. A second feature is that a battery or other electric device for supplying power to the electric motor is mounted and covered with the rear cover.

  The electric device corresponds to an electric circuit assembly 103 in an embodiment of the present invention described later.

  Furthermore, in addition to the first or the second feature, the present invention is configured such that the electric motor is a generator / motor that can generate electric power, and when the crankshaft is driven by a rider, power is supplied from a battery according to the driving force. A third feature is that it comprises mode switching means that can arbitrarily switch between an electric assist mode that generates power and a charging mode in which the battery is charged from the generator / motor.

  The mode switching means corresponds to an electronic control unit 91, an assist / charge switch 92, and a mode switching circuit 99 in an embodiment of the present invention described later.

  According to the first feature of the present invention, the vehicle body frame of the three-wheeled bicycle that can stand up even when the vehicle is stopped covers the vehicle body frame, front wheels, and rear wheels from above to define the cabin of the rider and opens the lower surface. A front cover that attaches a vehicle body shell and detachably attaches to the vehicle body frame a floor that closes the front-rear center of the open lower surface of the vehicle body shell, and closes the front of the open lower surface of the vehicle body shell while covering the front wheels. And a rear cover that covers the rear wheel and closes the rear part of the lower open surface is detachably connected, so that the vehicle body shell, floor, front cover, and rear cover can prevent the entry of wind and rain into the cabin and protect the rider. And because it is a self-supporting three-wheeled bicycle, the rider did not have to touch the ground to the road surface even when stopped, and the foot was not exposed to the wind and rain. Irrespective of the weather Te, it can be operated.

  In addition, during sunny weather or summer, the driving wind can be appropriately taken into the cabin by removing one or both of the front cover and the rear cover, or the entire floor and both covers, and a comfortable operation can be performed.

  Furthermore, the rider can get on and off the cabin with the same feeling as an automobile by opening and closing the door.

  The saddle with backrest supported by the body frame is disposed in front of the rear wheel and below the upper surface of the rear wheel, and the crankshaft is disposed in front of the saddle. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the height of the heavy body shell, so that the center of gravity of the three-wheeled bicycle can be sufficiently lowered and stable driving can be achieved. In addition, this three-wheeled bicycle with a vehicle body shell is heavier than a normal two-wheeled bicycle, but it can be lightly driven by electric assistance by the operation of the electric motor.

  Further, according to the second feature of the present invention, the swinging of the swing arm can absorb the vibration of the rear wheel to obtain a good riding comfort, and the dead space on the swing arm can be used. Batteries and other electrical equipment can be installed. In addition, since the battery and other electrical devices are covered with the rear cover together with the rear wheel, a cover dedicated to the battery and other electrical devices is unnecessary, and the appearance inside the cabin can be arranged with a simple structure.

  Further, according to the third feature of the present invention, by switching the mode switching means to the charging mode, when the pedal is driven, the load generated by the power generation of the generator / motor is added to the rider's pedal load. , It is possible to perform physical fitness training while running a bicycle and simultaneously charge the battery.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings.

  1 is a side view showing a three-wheel electric assist bicycle according to the present invention with a body shell removed, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a rear wheel suspension device in FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a plan view of the transmission device of the electric assist bicycle, and FIG. 11 is a main portion showing the clutch in FIG. FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the clutch disengaged state, FIG. 13 is an electric circuit diagram of the electric assist bicycle, FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state in which a vehicle body shell is attached to the electric assist bicycle, and FIG. FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along the line 16-16 in FIG. 14, and FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line 17-17 in FIG. 18 line 18-18 sectional view of FIG. 17, FIG. 19 line 19-19 sectional view of FIG. 18, FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the floor frame and floor plate in FIG.

  First, in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a vehicle body frame F of a three-wheel electric assist bicycle B having a physical strength enhancement function includes a front head pipe 1, an inclined portion 2a that extends obliquely downward from the front head pipe 1, and A main pipe 2 comprising a horizontal portion 2b extending horizontally rearward from the rear end of the inclined portion 2a, a handle support pipe 3 projecting obliquely rearward from the front head pipe 1 to the upper side of the main pipe 2, and the handle support pipe 3 The first stay 4 that connects the inclined portions 2a, the rear head pipe 5 that is fixed to the rear end of the handle support pipe 3, and the second stay 6 that connects the first stay 4 and the horizontal portion 2b. And a cross pipe 7 which is connected perpendicularly to the rear end of the horizontal portion 2b and extends horizontally. The cross pipe 7 includes a pair of left and right brackets 8 and 8 projecting from the rear surface thereof, and a pair of left and right suspension arms 9 projecting forward and rearward of the cross pipe 7 on both outer sides of the brackets 8 and 8. 9 is welded.

  In the front head pipe 1, a fork stem 11 a integrally projecting from the upper end of the front fork 11 that supports the front wheel 10 f is rotatably supported, and in the rear head pipe 5, a handle stem coupled to the steering handle 12. 12a is rotatably supported. The upper end portion of the fork stem 11a and the lower end portion of the handle stem 12a are connected via a link mechanism 13 so that the rotation of the steering handle 12 can be transmitted to the front fork 11.

  A pair of left and right rear wheels 10r, 10r are connected to the rear end portions of the pair of left and right suspension arms 9, 9 in the cross pipe 7 through a rear wheel suspension device S so as to be lifted and lowered from the second stay 6 to the main pipe. The saddle 15 is attached to the horizontal portion 2b. A crankshaft 17 having pedals 16, 16 at both left and right ends is rotatably supported at an intermediate portion of the inclined portion 2 a of the main pipe 2.

  The rear wheel suspension device S will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The rear wheel suspension S is a swing arm connected to the rear ends of the pair of left and right suspension arms 9, 9 via a pair of left and right pivots 26, 26 that are coaxially arranged horizontally in the left-right direction. 20 and cushion blocks 21 and 21 interposed between the swing arm 20 and the vehicle body frame F below the swing arm 20.

  The swing arm 20 is arranged in an U-shaped outer arm member 20a in a plan view with the opening portion facing rearward, and inside the outer arm member 20a, and both ends are disposed on the outer arm member 20a with the opening portion facing forward. A pair of left and right rear forks 22 and 22 are formed by the arm portions adjacent to each other of the outer and inner arm members 20a and 20b. The That is, the swing arm 20 is configured by integrally connecting the left and right rear forks 22, 22. The rear forks 22 and 22 are fixed with axles 23 and 23 for rotatably supporting the hubs of the left and right rear wheels 10r and 10r, respectively.

  The inner arm member 20b has a pair of left and right first bearing portions 24, 24 that protrude downward and are arranged coaxially at a portion close to the front end. The left and right suspension arms 9, 9 arranged below the inner arm member 20 b protrude upward at the rear end portion thereof and a pair of left and right second bearing portions adjacent to the first bearing portions 24, 24 in the axial direction. The adjacent first and second bearing portions 24 and 25 are connected to each other by the pivots 26 and 26 so that the swing arm 20 is vertically moved around the pivots 26 and 26. It can swing. In that case, each 1st bearing part 24 and the 2nd bearing part 25 are arrange | positioned so that each pivot 26 supported by these may be located in the inner area | region pinched | interposed into the left and right rear wheels 10r and 10r.

  In front of each pivot 26, a cushion block 21 is interposed between each of the inner arm member 20b and the suspension arm 9 that face each other in the vertical direction.

  Each cushion block 21 has a U-shaped upper mounting member 28 with an opening facing downward, and a pair of front and rear L-shaped lower mounting members 29 with the upper mounting member 28 interposed therebetween so that the standing portions face each other. 29, and a cushion member 30 made of an elastic material such as rubber, which is baked on the front and rear direction facing surfaces in order to elastically connect the upper mounting member 28 and the lower mounting members 29, 29, The upper mounting member 28 is fixed to the lower surface of the inner arm member 20b, and the lower mounting members 29 and 29 are fixed to the upper surface of the suspension arm 9 by bolts or the like.

  A structure for attaching the saddle 15 to the main pipe 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 5, 8 and 9.

  One saddle guide rail 31 extending in the front-rear direction for supporting the saddle 15 is disposed above the horizontal portion 2 b of the main pipe 2. The saddle guide rail 31 is integrally provided with one front leg 32 projecting from the lower surface of the front end part and a pair of left and right rear legs 33, 33 projecting downward from the side face of the rear end part. The leg 32 is fixed to the second stay 6 and the rear legs 33 and 33 are fixed to the front ends of the pair of left and right suspension arms 9 and 9 by bolts. The saddle guide rail 31 attached in this way is given a forward upward gradient.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the saddle guide rail 31 is composed of a single pipe having a square cross section, and a saddle frame 15a fixed to the bottom plate of the saddle 15 is slidable in the front-rear direction. In addition, a pair of left and right clamping plates 34, 34 fixed to the saddle frame 15a are slidably disposed on both side surfaces of the saddle guide rail 31. The lower ends of the sandwiching plates 34, 34 protrude below the saddle guide rail 31, and the saddle 15 is fixed to the saddle guide rail 31 by fastening the lower ends thereof with a fastener 35. The steering handle 12 is arranged in front of and above the saddle 15 thus fixed, and the crankshaft 17 is arranged so that the rotational axis thereof is in front of and above the saddle 15 below the steering handle 12. The

  The fastener 35 is in contact with the fastening bolt 36 penetrating the lower end portions of the both clamping plates 34, 34 to the left and right, and the outer surface of the lower end portion of one clamping plate 34, and the distal end of the clamping bolt 36 is screwed together. An adjustment nut 37 and a cam lever 38 attached to the base end portion of the tightening bolt 36 via a pivot 48 in the diametrical direction are arranged. When the cam lever 38 is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the tightening bolt 36, When both the clamping plates 34 and 34 are tightened and raised in the axial direction of the tightening bolt 36, the clamping to both the clamping plates 34 is released.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the saddle frame 15a fixed to the bottom plate of the saddle 15 is bent so as to stand up above the back surface of the saddle 15, and a backrest 39 is vertically adjusted at the standing portion. Installed as possible. In addition, a rectangular grab rail 47 made of a pipe projecting to the left and right outside of the backrest 39 is coupled to the saddle frame 15a by welding or the like. The grab rail 47 is gripped when the rider gets on and off the saddle 15 or pushes the electric assist bicycle B.

  The transmission M that connects the crankshaft 17 and the rear wheel 10r will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.

  The transmission M includes a first chain transmission 41, a second chain transmission 42, a multi-speed transmission 45 with a freewheel, a third chain transmission 43, a generator / motor 61, a clutch 46, and a fourth chain from the crankshaft 17 side. The chain transmission device 44 is configured in series.

  The first chain transmission device 41 includes a first drive sprocket 50 fixed to the crankshaft 17 and a first driven sprocket 50 ′ rotatably supported at the front end portion of the horizontal portion 2 b (see FIG. 1) of the main pipe 2. And the first chain 51 is wound around. A pedal load sensor 60 that detects a load acting on the crankshaft 17, that is, a pedal load, is attached to the main pipe 2 from the degree of tension of the first chain 51.

  The second chain transmission device 42 is attached to a second drive sprocket 52 fixed to the transmission shaft 59 adjacent to the first driven sprocket 50 'and brackets 8 of the cross pipe 7 (see FIG. 1). The second chain 53 is wound around a second driven sprocket 52 ′ fixed to the input shaft 45 a of the transmission 45.

  The transmission 45 includes an input shaft 45a and an output shaft 45b arranged coaxially with each other, a multi-stage transmission gear train that can connect the input shaft 45a and the output shaft 45b, and the input shaft 45a to the output shaft 45b side. It has a built-in freewheel that allows transmission in only one direction. Since the free wheel blocks the reverse load on the crankshaft 17, it can also be provided in the first chain transmission device 41 or the second chain transmission device 42.

  The third chain transmission device 43 includes a third drive sprocket 55 fixed to the output shaft 45 b of the transmission 45 and a third driven sprocket 55 fixed to the rotor shaft 61 a of the generator / motor 61 attached to the swing arm 20. And the third chain 56 is wound around the third chain 56 by a tensioner 62. The tensioner 62 can be omitted when one of the output shaft 45a of the transmission 45 and the rotor shaft 61a of the generator / motor 61 is arranged coaxially with the pivots 26 and 26 of the swing arm 20. .

  The clutch 46 is fixed to the swing arm 20 and rotatably supports the intermediate portion of the rotor shaft 61a of the generator / motor 61, and the rotor shaft 61a is adjacent to the outer surface of the bracket 63 in the axial direction. Between the cylindrical retainer 64 that is attached so as not to move, the fixed dog clutch member 66 that is rotatably attached to the tip of the rotor shaft 61a via the bearing bush 65, and that cannot move in the axial direction, and between the retainer 64 and the fixed dog clutch member 66. A movable dog clutch member 67 that can be slidably fitted to the rotor shaft 61 a and can be engaged with and disengaged from the fixed dog clutch member 66. And a clutch spring 68 for urging in the engagement direction. The rear end portion of the movable dog clutch 46 is slidably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 64, and a flange 67a is formed on the outer periphery of the rear end portion. The base 69 of the annular release lever 70 that surrounds the movable dog clutch member 67 and opposes the front surface of the flange 67 a is supported by the pivot shaft 71 on the column 69 erected on the outer surface of the bracket 63. It is attached. A clutch wire 73 connected to the clutch lever 72 pivotally supported by the steering handle 12 or the vehicle body frame F in the vicinity thereof is connected to the distal end portion of the release lever 70. Further, between the release lever 70 and the bracket 63, a return spring 74 for biasing the release lever 70 and the movable dog clutch member 67 toward the fixed dog clutch member 66 is provided in a compressed manner.

  The clutch lever 72 is normally placed in the on position where the clutch wire 73 is loosened. Therefore, the release lever 70 is held in the engaged position with the fixed dog clutch member 66 by the urging force of the return spring 74 and the clutch spring 68. Thus, the rotation of the rotor shaft 61 a can be transmitted to the fixed dog clutch member 66 through the movable dog clutch member 67. That is, the clutch 46 is in a connected state. On the other hand, when the clutch lever 72 is operated to the off position and the clutch wire 73 is pulled, the release lever 70 presses the flange 67a and pulls the movable dog clutch member 67 away from the fixed dog clutch member 66, so that the fixed dog clutch is removed from the rotor shaft 61a. The transmission to the member 66 is cut off. That is, the clutch 46 is disengaged.

  The fourth chain transmission 44 is connected to a fourth drive sprocket 57 formed integrally with the fixed dog clutch member 66, and the left or right rear wheel 10r, in the illustrated example, the hub of the left rear wheel 10r. A fourth chain 58 with four driven sprockets 57 'is wound around. Therefore, connection and disconnection between the rotor shaft 61a and the fourth drive sprocket 57 are controlled by connection and disconnection of the clutch 46.

  The entire first chain transmission device 41 and the front half of the second chain transmission device 42 are covered with a chain cover 75 (see FIGS. 1 and 16) fixed to the main pipe 2. Accordingly, the rider sitting on the saddle 15 is protected from contact with the first and second chain transmissions M.

  The brake device will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The front wheel 10f is provided with a caliper-type front brake 80 that brakes the front wheel 10f, and the rear wheel 10r opposite to the fourth chain transmission device 44 is provided with a drum-type rear brake 81 that brakes it. A front brake lever 82 attached to the steering handle 12 adjacent to the right grip and a parking lever 83 attached to the front portion of the main pipe 2 are provided on the operating portion of the front brake 80. And the second brake wire 85, respectively. Therefore, the front brake 80 can be operated by operating either the front brake lever 82 or the parking lever 83.

  In addition, a third brake wire is connected to the operation portion of the rear brake 81 by a rear brake lever 86 attached to the steering handle 12 adjacent to the left grip and an operation lever 87a of the brake motor 87 attached to the swing arm 20. 88 and the fourth brake wire 89 are connected to each other. Therefore, the rear brake 81 can be operated by operating the rear brake lever 86 or operating the brake motor 87.

  2 and 10, reference numeral 18 denotes a shift lever for switching the transmission 45.

  In FIG. 13, the electric circuit of the electrically assisted bicycle B having the physical strength enhancement function will be described.

  Between the battery 90 and the generator / motor 61, a mode switching drive circuit 91 for switching between power transfer is interposed. The electronic control circuit device 99 assists the operation of the main control circuit 99a while exchanging signals with the main control circuit 99a for controlling the mode switching drive circuit 91 and the switches and indicators on the operation panel 96. It consists of a sub-control circuit 99b.

  Specifically, switches and indicators provided on the operation panel 96 are an assist / charge switch 92 for switching the mode switching drive circuit 91 between the electric assist mode and the charge mode, and the mode switching drive circuit 91 is in the charge mode. , A pedal load adjustment dial 93 for adjusting the pedal load by adjusting the amount of charge from the generator / motor 61 to the battery 90, a plurality of remaining power indicator lamps 94 for displaying the remaining power of the battery 90, and the battery 90 For example, a forced charge display lamp 95 indicating a state in which forced charging from the generator / motor 61 to the battery 90 is performed when the remaining power level of the battery is reduced below a specified value. The operation panel 96 is attached to the central portion of the steering handle 12.

  Further, the output signal of the pedal load sensor 60 is input to the main control circuit 99a, and the amount of power supplied from the battery 90 to the generator / motor 61 is controlled according to the pedal load during assist traveling.

  Further, the main control circuit 99a receives an output signal of a vehicle speed sensor 97 that detects the rotational speed of the front wheel 10f or the rear wheel 10r as a vehicle speed. When the vehicle speed exceeds a first predetermined value, which is a relatively high speed, When the main control circuit 99a determines that the main control circuit 99a has actuated the speed warning buzzer 98 and the vehicle speed has exceeded a second predetermined value higher than the first predetermined value, the main control circuit 99a The motor 87 is operated to pull the fourth brake wire 89 and the rear brake 81 is automatically operated.

  The mode switching drive circuit 91 and the main control circuit 99a are configured on the same substrate to form an electric circuit assembly 103. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the mode switching drive circuit 91 and the main control circuit 99a are arranged between the left and right rear wheels 10r, 10r. The battery 90 is attached to the swing arm 20 via an elastic member.

  On the other hand, the sub control circuit 99b is attached to the side surface of the inclined portion 2a of the main pipe 2 (see FIG. 1). The sub control circuit 99b is arranged so as to be covered with the chain cover 75.

  The speed alarm buzzer 98 can be attached at any location, but if it is attached to the back of the back support 39 as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the dead sound can be used and the alarm sound can be heard to the rider. Is convenient.

  A reverse brake circuit 100 is connected between the (+) side terminal and the (−) side terminal of the generator / motor 61. The reverse brake circuit 100 is configured by inserting a diode 102 into an electric circuit 101 connecting the terminals, and the diode 102 allows current flow from the (−) side terminal to the (+) side terminal. It has become.

  14 to 20, a vehicle body shell 105 made of synthetic resin (for example, FRP, ABS) that covers the entire electrically assisted bicycle B from above is attached to the vehicle body frame F. The interior of the vehicle body frame F includes a cabin 106 that accommodates the rider. Become. The body shell 105 has a streamlined shape with an open bottom surface, and entrances 107 and 107 are provided on both side walls, and front end portions of doors 108 and 108 that open and close the entrances 107 and 107 are shafts. Be supported. Each door 108 is also made of synthetic resin and has a side window 110 that can be opened and closed by a slide transparent plate 109. The vehicle body shell 105 is provided with a front window 111 into which a transparent shield plate is fitted, a left and right front quarter window 112, a rear window 113, and a left and right rear quarter window 114, and wipes the shield plate surface of the front window 111. A wiper 118 is provided. Further, a headlight 115 and left and right turn signal lamps 116 and 116 are mounted on the front portion of the vehicle body shell 105, and left and right turn signal lamps 117 and 117 are mounted on the rear portion, respectively.

  In order to attach the vehicle body shell 105 to the vehicle body frame F, the front head pipe 1 is fixedly provided with support rods 120 projecting outward from the left and right sides. Front connection members 121 and 121 are provided. In addition, L-shaped rear connecting members 125 and 125 are provided at the left and right ends of the cross pipe 7. The front connecting members 121 and 121 are L-shaped front connecting members 122 and 122 fixed to the left and right inner walls of the front portion of the vehicle body shell 105 by bolts with the elastic member 123 interposed therebetween, and the rear connecting member 125. 125, L-shaped rear connection members 126, 126 fixed to the left and right inner walls of the rear portion of the vehicle body shell 105 are coupled by bolts 128 with an elastic member 123 interposed therebetween. Thus, the vehicle body shell 105 is attached to the vehicle body frame F, and the elastic members 123 and 127 absorb the vibration between the vehicle body frame F and the vehicle body shell 105.

  Further, a floor 130 is attached to the vehicle body frame F so as to close the center portion of the open lower surface of the vehicle body shell 105. The floor 130 includes a grid-like floor frame 131 and a floor plate 132 that is divided into left and right sides and joined to the upper surface of the floor frame 131. A column 133 penetrating the floor plate 132 is erected on the upper surface of the front end portion of the floor frame 131. At that time, the support pillar 133 is bolted to a lower flange 131 a fixed at the upper surface of the front end of the floor frame 131 with a connecting flange 133 a formed at the lower end thereof. The support 133 is bolted to a bracket 134 (see FIG. 1) having an upper flange 133b formed at the upper end thereof fixed to the inclined portion 2a of the main pipe 2. The left and right rear end portions of the floor frame 131 are fixed to the left and right end portions of the cross pipe 7 via U bolts 135 (see particularly FIG. 19). The floor plate 132 is provided with a notch 136 that avoids interference with the chain cover 75. In this way, the floor is detachably fixed to the body frame F.

  Further, as clearly shown in FIG. 1, a front cover 137 that covers the upper and rear surfaces of the front wheel 10f and closes the front portion of the open lower surface of the vehicle body shell 105 is detachable on the front end portion of the floor plate 132 and the inner wall of the vehicle body shell 105. The rear end of the floor shell 132 and the inner wall of the vehicle body shell 105 are covered with the left and right rear wheels 10r, 10r, the battery 90 and the electric circuit assembly 103 from above, and the rear lower surface of the vehicle body shell 105. A rear cover 138 that closes the door is detachably connected.

  Thus, since the cabin 106 in the vehicle body shell 105 is substantially sealed by the floor 130, the front cover 137, and the rear cover 138, it is possible to prevent intrusion of wind and rain into the cabin 106, and thus protect the rider from the cold even in winter. can do. Further, by removing one or both of the front cover 137 and the rear cover 138, or all of the floor 130 and the covers 137, 138, the traveling wind can be appropriately taken into the cabin 106 from below the vehicle body shell 105, even in summer. Exhilarating driving is possible. Further, since the rear cover 138 that covers the rear wheels 10r and 10r also serves as a cover that covers the battery 90 and the electric circuit assembly 103, a cover dedicated to the battery 90 and the electric circuit assembly 103 is unnecessary and has a simple structure. The appearance in the cabin 106 can be arranged.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
[Electric assist driving]
First, the clutch operating lever 72 is set to the on position to bring the clutch 46 into a connected state, and then the assist / charge switch 92 is switched to the assist side. Then, since the mode switching drive circuit 91 is set to the electric assist mode by the electronic control circuit device 99, the generator / motor 61 is supplied with power from the battery 90 according to the pedal load. Therefore, if the rider drives the pedals 16, 16, the driving force is generated by the first chain transmission device 41, the second chain transmission device 42, the transmission 45, the third chain transmission device 43, the rotor shaft 61a, the clutch 46, and the like. The fourth chain transmission device 44 is sequentially transmitted to the rear wheel 10r. At that time, the electronic control circuit device 99 controls the amount of power supplied from the battery 90 to the generator / motor 61 in accordance with the pedal load signal input from the pedal load sensor 60, so that the generator / motor 61 responds to the pedal load. The generated power is generated from the rotor shaft 61a, transmitted to the transmission device M, and added to the driving force of the rider. The rider drives the crankshaft 17 lightly via the pedals 16 and 16, and is electrically assisted bicycle. B can be run.
[Vehicle speed control]
During traveling, for example, when the vehicle speed increases on a downhill and exceeds a first predetermined value, the electronic control circuit device 99 sounds a speed alarm buzzer 98 to alert the rider to brake operation, and further increases the vehicle speed. When the second predetermined value higher than the predetermined value is exceeded, the electronic control circuit device 99 operates the brake motor 87 to automatically operate the rear brake 81. Therefore, even in the electrically assisted bicycle B with the heavy vehicle body shell 105, Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress an excessive increase in the vehicle speed and to suppress an increase in the braking distance during sudden braking as much as possible.

In particular, sounding the speed alarm buzzer 98 prior to the operation of the brake motor 87 makes the rider expect the automatic operation of the brake motor 87 and actively encourages the brake operation, which is effective in suppressing an excessive increase in the vehicle speed. It is.
[Strengthening training]
The clutch operating lever 72 is set to the ON position in the same manner as described above to keep the clutch 46 connected, and the assist / charge switch 92 is switched to the charging side. Then, since the mode switching drive circuit 91 is set to the charging mode by the electronic control circuit device 99, the generator / motor 61 can generate power and charge the battery 90 when receiving a reverse load. Therefore, if the rider drives the crankshaft 17 via the pedals 16 and 16, the driving force is generated by the first chain transmission device 41, the second chain transmission device 42, the transmission 45, the third chain transmission device 43, the rotor. The power is transmitted to the rear wheel 10r through the shaft 61a, the clutch 46 and the fourth chain transmission device 44 in sequence, and at the same time, the generator / motor 61 is brought into a power generation state by the rotation of the rotor shaft 61a and the battery 90 is charged. To do. Since the load generated by the power generation is added to the rider's pedal load, the rider can perform physical fitness training while running the bicycle B, and can simultaneously charge the battery 90. In this case, when the pedal load adjustment dial 93 is rotated in either strength direction, the amount of charge from the generator / motor 61 to the battery 90 is controlled to increase or decrease accordingly, so that the strength of the pedal load can be freely adjusted. As a result, the pedal load can be freely adjusted according to the physical strength and fatigue level of the rider, and training can be performed comfortably and comfortably.
[Suppression of reverse acceleration]
In either case of [Electric Assist Travel] or [Physical Strength Enhancement Travel Training], if the rider's leg strength is weak on the uphill and the electrically assisted bicycle B starts to reverse, the rotor shaft 61a of the generator / motor 61 is reversed. Therefore, the polarity of the (+) side terminal is changed to (−) and the (−) side terminal is changed to (+) by the voltage generated by the generator / motor 61. Therefore, in the reverse brake circuit 100, the diode 102 becomes conductive. Therefore, the generator / motor 61 is electrically short-circuited to generate a large brake torque, thereby effectively suppressing the reverse acceleration of the electrically assisted bicycle B. In the reverse brake circuit 100 of this embodiment, when the electrically assisted bicycle B moves backward, the generator / motor 61 can be electrically short-circuited without using a sensor that specifically detects the reverse movement. It is extremely simple.
[Strength training for stationary training]
First, the parking lever 83 is activated to activate the front brake 80, the clutch lever 72 is operated to the off position to disengage the clutch 46, and the assist / charge switch 92 is switched to the charging side. Then, the mode switching drive circuit 91 is set to the charging mode by the electronic control circuit device 99 as in the case of [physical fitness running training]. It can be charged. Therefore, if the rider drives the crankshaft 17 via the pedals 16, 16, the driving force passes through the first chain transmission device 41, the second chain transmission device 42, the transmission 45 and the third chain transmission device 43. Although transmitted to the rotor shaft 61a, transmission to the fourth chain transmission device 44 is not performed due to the clutch 46 being disconnected. Therefore, since the reverse load is applied to the generator / motor 61 by driving the pedals 16 and 16 with the rear wheel 10r stopped, the generator / motor 61 enters the power generation state and charges the battery 90. Since the load generated by the power generation is added to the rider's pedal load, the rider can perform physical fitness training and simultaneously charge the battery 90. In this case as well, when the pedal load adjustment dial 93 is rotated in either strength direction, the amount of charge from the generator / motor 61 to the battery 90 is controlled to increase or decrease accordingly, so that the strength of the pedal load can be freely adjusted. In this case, the pedal load can be freely adjusted according to the physical strength and fatigue level of the rider, and training can be performed comfortably.

  In this case, the bicycle B is a three-wheeled vehicle that is held in a stationary state by the operation of the parking lever 83, and that has one front wheel 10f and two rear wheels 10r, and can stand on its own without using a special stand device. Therefore, it can be used safely as a stationary training device for improving physical fitness, regardless of the installation location such as the garage or garden at home, and the kinetic energy of the rider is converted into electric power charged in the battery. So there is no waste of energy.

  The cabin 106 that houses the rider protects the rider by preventing the entry of wind and rain into the cabin 106 by the vehicle body shell 105, the floor 130, the front cover 137, and the rear cover 138. Even when the vehicle is stopped, it is not necessary to have the feet touch the road surface, and the feet are not exposed to the wind and rain, so that comfortable running and training are possible regardless of the weather.

  Furthermore, the rider can get on and off the cabin 106 from the entrance 107 with the same feeling as an automobile by opening the door 108.

  By the way, in the three-wheel assist bicycle B having such a physical strength enhancement function, the steering handle 12 is disposed in front of and above the saddle 15 with the backrest 39 disposed below the upper surfaces of the rear wheels 10r, 10r. In addition, since the axis of the crankshaft 17 is disposed in front of and above the saddle 15 below the steering handle 12, the center of gravity of the electric assist bicycle B when the rider is sitting on the saddle 15 can be sufficiently lowered. Accordingly, the height of the body shell 105, which is relatively heavy, can be lowered sufficiently. Therefore, the center of gravity of the three-wheeled bicycle B can be lowered sufficiently, and driving stability can be improved.

  In addition, the rider pushes the pedals 16 and 16 forward to drive the crankshaft 17 by the above arrangement of the saddle 15 and the crankshaft 17, so that the leg force is efficiently applied to the pedals 16 and 16 regardless of the weight of the weight. Can communicate well and can reasonably train to strengthen the waist and legs.

  At that time, if the fastener 35 of the saddle 15 is loosened and the saddle 15 is slid back and forth along the saddle guide rail 31, the saddle guide rail 31 is inclined forward and upward as described above. Not only the front-rear distance and the vertical distance between the saddle 15 and the steering handle 12, but also the front-rear distance and the vertical distance between the saddle 15 and the axis of the crankshaft 17 can be adjusted simultaneously. For example, when the saddle 15 is slid forward along the saddle guide rail 31, the longitudinal distance between the saddle 15 and the steering handle 12, the vertical distance, and the longitudinal distance between the saddle 15 and the crankshaft 17 Since the vertical interval can be reduced at the same time, therefore, it is possible to accurately correspond to different physiques of the rider and to ensure good maneuverability.

  After the adjustment of the saddle 15, the fastener 35 is tightened. According to this tightening, the left and right clamping plates 34, 34 are in pressure contact with both side surfaces of the saddle guide rail 31 having a square cross section, so that the saddle 15 slides with respect to the saddle guide rail 31 and of course around the axis of the saddle guide rail 31. Can be fixed and fixed easily and reliably. In particular, since the saddle guide rail 31 is constituted by a single square pipe and prevents the saddle 15 from rotating, it can greatly contribute to the reduction of the number of parts and the weight reduction.

  When the front brake 80 and the rear brake 81 are all inactive in the clutch 46 disengaged state, the electric assist bicycle B can be moved forward and backward freely without being resisted by the generator / motor 61. It is easy to handle.

  In the rear wheel suspension S, when the vertical load applied to the vehicle body frame F or the rear wheels 10r, 10r changes, the swing arm 20 swings up and down around the pivots 26, 26 with respect to the suspension arms 9, 9. Therefore, in each cushion block 21, the upper mounting member 28 and the lower mounting members 29, 29 move up and down relative to each other to give the cushion member 30 elastic deformation in the shearing direction. At that time, the vertical load applied to the vehicle body frame F or the rear wheels 10r, 10r is supported by the shear stress generated in the cushion member 30, and the vertical vibrations of the rear wheels 10r, 10r are effectively caused by the shear deformation of the cushion member 30. As a result, the rider can absorb the vehicle and give the rider a good ride.

  Also, although the left and right rear wheels 10r, 10r axles 23, 23 are separated and independent from each other, the left and right rear forks 22, 22 that respectively support the axles 23, 23 are integrally connected to each other. It can function as a stabilizer that suppresses the single vertical movement of each of the rear wheels 10r, 10r. Therefore, during turning, due to the centrifugal force acting on the body frame F system, the rear wheel 10r on the outer wheel side rises relative to the body frame F while deforming the cushion member 30 of the corresponding cushion block 21. Even at this time, the rear wheel 10r on the inner ring side is also raised simultaneously, and the bicycle B can maintain a stable turning posture. Further, the left and right pivots 26, 26 of the left and right rear forks 22, 22 are arranged in the inner region between the left and right rear wheels 10r, 10r. The increase can be suppressed, and can contribute to the downsizing of the bicycle B. Further, since the suspension arms 9 and 9 at the rear end of the vehicle body frame F are disposed below the rear forks 22 and 22 at the attachment portions of the cushion blocks 21 and 21, the rear wheels 10r, Adjacent to 10r, the saddle 15 can be easily installed below the upper surfaces of the rear wheels 10r and 10r, and the center of gravity of the bicycle B can be effectively lowered.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the three-wheel electric assist bicycle B, the front wheel 10f can be two and the rear wheel 10r can be one. Further, a thyristor, IGBT, FET, or other semiconductor can be used in place of the diode 102 in FIG.

The side view which shows the three-wheel electric assist bicycle which concerns on this invention in the state which removed the vehicle body shell. The front view. The rear view. The top view of the rear-wheel suspension apparatus periphery part in FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 5. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 8. The top view of the transmission device of the said electrically assisted bicycle. The principal part longitudinal section top view which shows the clutch in FIG. 10 in a connection state. The top view which shows the interruption | blocking state of the clutch. The electric circuit diagram of the said electrically assisted bicycle. The side view which shows the state which attached the vehicle body shell to the said electrically assisted bicycle. The perspective view of the said vehicle body shell. FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 in FIG. 14; FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along line 17-17 in FIG. 14; FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 18-18 in FIG. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 19-19 of FIG. FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the floor frame and floor board in FIG. 17.

Explanation of symbols

B ... Three-wheel electric assist bicycle F ... Body frame 10f ... Front wheel 10r ... Rear wheel 15 ... Saddle 16 ... Pedal 17 ... Crankshaft 20 .... Swing arm 30 ... Cushion member 39 ... Backrest 61 ... Electric motor (power generation / motor)
90 ... Battery 103 ... Electrical equipment (Electric circuit assembly)
105 ... Body shell 106 ... Cabin 107 ... Entrance 108 ... Door 111 ... Front window 113 ... Rear window 130 ... Floor 137 ... Front cover 138 ... Rear cover

Claims (3)

A three-wheeled electric assist bicycle equipped with an electric motor (61) that transmits power generated in accordance with the pedal driving force of the rider to the rear wheel (10r), which can stand alone even when stopped.
A saddle (15) with a backrest (39) disposed in front of the rear wheel (10r) and below the upper surface of the rear wheel (10r), and a pedal (16) disposed in front of the saddle (15) The vehicle body frame (F) that supports the crankshaft (17) covers the vehicle body frame (F), the front wheels (10f), and the rear wheels (10r) from above to define the rider's cabin (106) and the lower surface. The vehicle body shell (105) with the window (111, 113) with the window opened is fixed, and the floor (130) that closes the center in the front-rear direction of the open lower surface of the vehicle body shell (105) can be attached to and detached from the vehicle body frame (F) The front cover (137) that closes the front part of the lower open surface of the vehicle body shell (105) while covering the front wheel (10f) and the front cover (137) are opened while covering the rear wheel (10r). A rear cover (138) for closing the rear portion of the surface is detachably connected, and a doorway (107) that is opened and closed by a door (108) is provided on a side portion of the vehicle body shell (105). Three-wheel electric assist bicycle. The three-wheel electric assist bicycle according to claim 1,
A swing arm (20) pivotally supporting the left and right rear wheels (10r) is connected to the rear end of the vehicle body frame (F) via a cushion member (30) so as to be swingable up and down. A three-wheeled power-assisted bicycle comprising a battery (90) and other electric devices (103) for supplying electric power to the electric motor (61) and covered with the rear cover (138). The three-wheel electric assist bicycle according to claim 1 or 2,
The electric motor is a generator / motor (61) capable of generating electric power, and when the crankshaft (17) is driven by a rider, an electric assist mode for generating power by supplying power from the battery (90) according to the driving force; A three-wheeled electric assist bicycle comprising mode switching means (91, 92, 99) that can be arbitrarily switched between a charging mode for charging the battery (90) from the generator / motor (61).

Images