JP2005281982A - Ground material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ground material which takes an environment into consideration by having a suitable impact absorbing function imparted thereto, and effectively suppressing effusion of heavy metals. <P>SOLUTION: The ground material is formed of a substrate 11 laid on a target area 2, a plurality of piles 12 each having a lower end thereof fixed to the substrate 11, rubber chips 20 arranged in gaps between the piles 12, and chips of calcium introducing coal 35 or calcium carbonate 17 arranged in the gaps between the piles 12. The chips of calcium introducing coal are obtained by soaking one or more kinds of natural fibers and/or a woody material in a solution or a suspension of calcium hydroxide and then carbonizing the same. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground material, and more particularly to a ground material having an appropriate impact absorbing function and considering the environment.

  At present, it is desired that the ground be turfed in various sports such as soccer competitions. However, natural lawns require a lot of time and labor to clean them.

  Therefore, a ground material for artificial grass is laid instead of natural grass. Particularly in recent years, as artificial turf, one end of a long pile fiber (hereinafter referred to as a long pile) is fixed to a base material, and sand is included between the long piles. Some artificial turf with long piles are provided with a rubber chip between the long piles to provide a shock absorbing function.

Such artificial turf with a shock absorbing function is favorably used for various sports such as soccer and rugby and ground materials constituting multipurpose plazas. In addition, since the rubber chip used for manufacturing the ground material having the shock absorbing function can be formed from, for example, a waste tire, there is an advantage that the waste can be effectively used.
JP 2003-171908 A

  However, there is a problem in that an unpleasant odor (hereinafter referred to as a rubber odor) is generated in the initial stage within several weeks after the construction by inserting a rubber chip into the ground material for absorbing the impact. In addition, some rubber chips contain heavy metals such as ZnO, so there is a problem that they may be eluted by acid rain and flow into waste water. Therefore, in order to avoid the discharge of heavy metals, it may be possible to collect wastewater once and establish a wastewater purification facility to remove heavy metals from this, but this requires cost and time for special construction. In addition, there is a problem that it takes time and cost to maintain the filtration facility.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and an object of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly gland material having an appropriate shock absorbing function and effectively suppressing outflow of heavy metals. That is.

  In order to achieve the above object, the ground material according to claim 1 is provided between a base material laid on a construction site, a plurality of piles whose lower ends are fixed to the base material, and the piles. A chip of calcium-introduced charcoal comprising at least one of natural fiber and / or woody material, which is carbonized after being immersed in a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension, provided between the piles, Or it consists of calcium carbonate.

  The ground material according to claim 2 is carbonized after being immersed in a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension, a base material laid on a construction site, rubber chips connected to form an elastic layer, and a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension. It is characterized by comprising a chip of calcium-introduced charcoal comprising at least one of natural fibers and / or woody materials, or calcium carbonate.

  Charcoal chips may be mixed with the rubber chips (Claim 3).

  A charcoal chip or a calcium-introduced charcoal chip may be provided so as to be positioned above the rubber chip (Claim 4).

  In the ground material according to the first and second aspects, acid rain or the like can be changed to alkaline by calcium carbonate, so that heavy metals can be prevented from easily eluting from the rubber chip. Moreover, since heavy metals (especially Zn) eluted from the rubber chip react with calcium carbonate and precipitate as a component insoluble in water, it is possible to protect the wastewater from containing heavy metals.

  On the other hand, the chip of calcium-introduced charcoal can adsorb rubber odor and can also purify and flow rainwater. That is, the charcoal serving as the base of the calcium-introduced charcoal has the ability to strongly adsorb odors, so that a unique rubber odor generated from the rubber chip as the shock absorber can be absorbed. In addition, the wood used as the raw material for charcoal may be something that was previously difficult to dispose of, such as felled trees and thinned wood that are not valuable as timber, so keep the production cost of calcium-introduced coal low. Can do.

  In addition, before carbonizing the wood, it is preliminarily immersed in a calcium hydroxide solution (lime water) or suspension (lime milk) to introduce calcium into the raw material structure, and then this calcium introduction In the calcium-introduced coal obtained by carbonizing the raw material, a calcium compound mainly composed of calcium carbonate is deposited on the fine pore wall of the carbon in a finely dispersed state with a fine particle size of 100 nm or less. It is possible to make it an ingredient that does not dissolve in. And since charcoal itself has a very strong adsorption power, the heavy metal which became the component which is not melt | dissolved in water can be adsorb | sucked strongly. That is, even when a ground material including a rubber chip and having an impact absorbing function is laid, heavy metal does not start to dissolve in the waste water, so there is no need to provide a special waste water treatment device.

  In addition to these effects, the ground material according to claim 1 has a pile, so that it looks good and harmonizes naturally. And it becomes possible to lay on the ground where laying lawn is stipulated, and maintenance for lawn maintenance can be made unnecessary.

  When charcoal chips are mixed with the rubber chips (Claim 3), the rubber odor generated from the rubber chips can be effectively absorbed.

  When the charcoal chip or the calcium-introduced charcoal chip is provided so as to be positioned above the rubber chip (Claim 4), the rubber odor generated from the rubber chip does not diffuse to the surface. In other words, the rubber odor does not reach the user of the artificial turf.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a ground member 1 according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a construction site (ground) to which the ground material 1 is laid. The ground 2 is, for example, a culvert 4 appropriately disposed on the base 3, gravel 5, and the surface of the gravel 5. It consists of asphalt concrete 6 that hardens.

  The ground material 1 of the first embodiment has a base material 11 laid so as to adhere to the ground 2 of the construction site with an adhesive 10, and a pile 12 having a lower end fixed to the base material 11. By providing chips made of various materials between the piles 12, the non-elastic layer 13, the low elastic layer 14, the high elastic layer 15, and the anti-scattering layer 16 are formed in this order. Yes.

  The base material 11 is a double base fabric having a sufficient strength that does not break even when a user performs intense exercise on the ground material 1, and is made of a fiber such as polypropylene or polyester and bonded. It is firmly bonded and fixed to the ground 1 using an agent 10 (for example, urethane-based adhesive such as epoxy urethane or polyurethane). The pile 12 is made of a synthetic resin such as polyolefin. In the present invention, it is needless to say that the material constituting the pile 12 is not limited to polyolefin but may be formed of polyamide or polypropylene.

  The inelastic layer 13 as a whole has a thickness of, for example, about 17 mm. Between the piles 12, for example, calcium carbonate 17 (hereinafter simply referred to as calcium carbonate 17) formed in a spherical shape is 5. It has a drainage purification layer 13a spread and spread by a thickness of about 10 mm, and a flat stable layer 13b in which gravel 18 is disposed on the drainage purification layer 13a. In this example, since the calcium carbonate 17 is collected to form the drainage purification layer 13a, it is possible to make sure that the wastewater contacts the calcium carbonate 17, but the present invention is limited to this point. is not. That is, the inelastic layer 13 may be formed in a state where the calcium carbonate 17 and the gravel 18 are mixed. Further, instead of the calcium carbonate 17, a calcium-introduced carbon described later may be used.

  The low-elasticity layer 14 finely cuts a charcoal chip 19 (hereinafter simply referred to as charcoal 19) made of small pieces formed by crushing the gravel 18 into a size of, for example, several millimeters to several centimeters, and a waste tire. In this state, the rubber chips 20 are mixed and provided between the piles 12 and have a thickness of, for example, about 18 mm as a whole. On the other hand, the high elastic layer 15 is provided between the piles 12 in a state where the charcoal 19 is mixed with the rubber chip 20, and has a thickness of, for example, about 13 mm as a whole.

  Moreover, the charcoal 19 here is formed by heating and carbonizing a raw material composed of one or more of natural fibers and / or woody materials at a high temperature of about 400 to 1000 ° C. (preferably 800 ° C.). Is shown. More specifically, for example, all wood materials such as thinned wood, felled trees, waste wood, and natural fibers such as hemp, etc. Coniferous trees such as cypress and cedar with high water absorption are chipped to a size of 10 mm or less, for example. This is a carbonized wood chip that is heated and carbonized. Therefore, the production cost can be suppressed as much as possible by effectively using a material that is not valuable as a timber such as thinned wood or felled wood. However, instead of the charcoal 19, calcium-introduced charcoal described later may be used.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the anti-scattering layer 16 is bonded to the granular charcoal 19 in the state where the fibers 21 made of, for example, epoxy or acrylic are coated, For example, it is molded so that the entire thickness is about 2 mm. Therefore, since the charcoal 19 can be connected and fixed by the formation of the anti-scattering layer 16, the charcoal 19 and the rubber chips 20 can be prevented from scattering from the surface of the ground material 1. When calcium-introduced charcoal is used in place of charcoal 19, the calcium-introduced charcoal is bonded with fibers 21 covered.

  In the ground material 1 of the first embodiment, the calcium carbonate 17 is disposed in the drainage purification layer 13a formed in the lower half of the inelastic layer 13, and the calcium carbonate 17 is located below the rubber chip. Therefore, even if zinc oxide (heavy metal) is eluted from the rubber chip 20, the zinc is precipitated as zinc hydroxide (a component that is insoluble in water), so that heavy metals are not contained in the waste water. When calcium-introduced charcoal is used in place of the calcium carbonate 17, heavy metals can be more strongly adsorbed thereby.

  That is, since it is not necessary to perform a complicated process for removing heavy metals from wastewater as in the prior art, the construction becomes easy. Moreover, since the ground material 1 of the present embodiment is an artificial turf having a pile 12, it is not necessary to perform time-consuming maintenance as in the case of laying natural turf.

  In the high elastic layer 15, the charcoal 19 is mixed with the rubber chip 20, so that the rubber odor generated from the rubber chip 20 is absorbed by the charcoal 19. Therefore, the rubber odor does not leak to the surface side of the ground material 1, and the user does not feel an unpleasant rubber odor. It should be noted that the rubber odor becomes a problem in the initial period after the construction within several weeks from the construction time, so the charcoal 19 may be of any type that can adsorb the rubber odor for several weeks.

  Furthermore, the charcoal 19 is also arranged in the scattering prevention layer 16, and the charcoal 19 is provided so as to be positioned above the rubber chip 20. Therefore, since the rubber odor can be absorbed also in the scattering prevention layer 16, it is possible to more reliably prevent the rubber odor from appearing on the surface side of the ground material 1. And since each charcoal 16 is connected by the fiber 21 which consists of an epoxy or an acryl, when a user touches the charcoal 19 which jumped out of the ground material 1 directly, clothes etc. are not soiled.

  In addition, although the present Example shows the example which connects the charcoal 19 with the fiber 21 in formation of the said scattering prevention layer 16, this invention is not limited to this structure. In other words, the charcoal 19 and the rubber chip 20 may be mixed with the fiber 21 and connected to form the scattering prevention layer 16 so that only the charcoal 19 and the rubber chip 20 or only the rubber chip 20 are connected with the fiber 21.

  In addition, since the ground material 1 includes a large amount of charcoal 19, it is also possible to adsorb contaminating components contained in rainwater and the like by the charcoal 19. Therefore, it becomes possible to drain the rainwater in a purified state only by laying the ground material 1, and it can contribute to environmental conservation.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the ground material 30 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for manufacturing calcium-introduced coal constituting the ground material 30. 2 and 3, members denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are the same or equivalent members, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The ground material 30 of this embodiment includes a base material 31, a drainage purification layer 32 formed on the base material 31, and an elastic layer 33 formed on the drainage purification layer 32.

  The drainage purification layer 32 of this example is connected to, for example, granular calcium carbonate 17 in a state where fibers 21 made of epoxy or acrylic are coated, and the elastic layer 33 is formed into a granular shape by finely cutting a waste tire or the like. Epoxy is applied to a chip 35 of calcium-introduced charcoal having a size of several mm to several cm (hereinafter simply referred to as calcium-introduced charcoal 35) obtained by carbonizing a rubber chip 20 and a base material made of at least one of natural fiber and / or wood material In this state, fibers 21 and acrylic fibers 21 are connected in a state of being covered. The calcium carbonate 17 may be connected by being coated with a fiber 21 made of epoxy or acrylic in a state of being mixed with the rubber chip 20 in the elastic layer 33. In this case, the drainage purification layer 32 may be omitted. It is.

  Moreover, the waste water purification layer 32 is connected to the base material 31 entirely by the fibers 21, and the elastic layer 33 is connected to the waste water purification layer 32 entirely by the fibers 21, so that the base material 31 and the waste water purification layer 32 are elastic. The layers 33 are connected together. That is, since the whole ground material 30 is integrally connected, the calcium carbonate 17, the rubber chip 20, and the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 are not dispersed.

  FIG. 3 shows a method for forming the calcium-introduced coal 35. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 36 denotes a raw material, and examples thereof include all woody materials such as thinned wood, felled trees, and waste wood, and natural fibers such as hemp. In particular, it is preferable to use a wood chip in which conifers such as cypress and cedar having high water absorption are chipped to a size of, for example, 10 mm or less. As the raw material 36, bamboo, sawdust, rice husk, coconut, areca, jute, and firewood can be used in addition to the wood chips.

  The calcium introduction device 37 is a device for introducing calcium into the wood chip 36 and includes a container 38 in which lime water H or lime milk in which the wood chip 36 is immersed is accommodated. In this embodiment, the wood chip 36 is immersed in the lime water H, and after the wood chip 2 is immersed in the lime water H having a predetermined concentration (for example, 5% by weight), the calcium is introduced by taking out from the container 38. A chip 39 is obtained. At this time, it is considered that the organic matter in the wood chip 36 is dissolved by alkali and calcium ions react with the components of the wood chip 36.

  Here, the density | concentration of lime water or lime milk has preferable 0.1-50 weight% of calcium hydroxide, and 0.2-10 weight% is more preferable. In addition, although the example which uses 5 weight% of lime water H is shown in a present Example, it may replace with this lime water H, and lime milk may be used and processing efficiency may be improved by this. Further, in order for calcium ions to sufficiently react with the components of the wood chip 36, it is preferable to drive the stirring blade 38a provided inside the container 38 during the wood chip immersion.

  Next, the obtained calcium introduction chip 39 is dried by the dryer 40. In this embodiment, the dryer 40 is an apparatus configured to dry the calcium introduction chip 39 using carbonization furnace exhaust heat. Further, the dried calcium-introduced chip 39 is carbonized in the carbonization furnace 41 to obtain a chip-like calcium-introduced charcoal 35. In this embodiment, the carbonization condition is a carbonization temperature of 800 ° C.

The mechanism of this carbonization is that, together with the organic matter in the calcium introduction chip 39 being decomposed by heat, calcium ions are also deposited on the surface of the calcium introduction chip 39 and the calcium ions react with the surrounding carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). This is probably because calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) is formed. In this case, since calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) is precipitated on the surface of the calcium introduction chip 39 in the form of calcium ions, it is considered to be in a fine and highly dispersed state.

The calcium-introduced charcoal 35 formed as described above can adsorb heavy metals extremely strongly as shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 shows that after mixing 50, 100, and 200 mg of charcoal, calcium-introduced charcoal 35, and calcium carbonate 17 with 100 mL of an aqueous solution containing 100.15 ppm of zinc nitrate Zn (NO ₃ ) ₂ , the mixture was vibrated at 20 ° C. for 20 hours. The result of measuring the concentration of the solution later is shown. As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the calcium carbonate 17 can reduce the concentration of zinc in the solution without being substantially affected by the amount. The calcium-introduced charcoal 35 can adsorb zinc extremely strongly by bringing 200 mg or more of the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 into contact with a 100 mL solution.

  That is, the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 not only has a strong deodorizing action and purification action that the original charcoal has, but can also adsorb heavy metals. Accordingly, in the state where the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 is mixed with the rubber chip 20 as in the present embodiment, the rubber odor generated from the rubber chip 20 is effectively removed by applying the fiber 21 made of epoxy or acrylic to the rubber chip 20 and connecting them. Instead, it is possible to make zinc hydroxide generated from the rubber chip 20 into zinc hydroxide and strongly adsorb it. The mixing ratio between the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 and the rubber chip 20 can be set from the relationship shown in Table 1 depending on the concentration of zinc eluted from the rubber chip 20.

  Further, the ground material 30 of this embodiment has a drainage purification layer 32 formed under the elastic layer 33, and the drainage purification tank 32 is provided with grains of calcium carbonate 17. Therefore, even if zinc that could not be completely removed by the calcium-introduced charcoal 35 may flow to the lower layer, it can be surely removed by the calcium carbonate 17, so that zinc is not mixed into the waste water.

  The calcium-introduced charcoal 35 may be mixed in an amount that can reliably remove zinc eluted from the rubber chip 20, and the drainage purification layer 32 may be omitted. Moreover, the waste water purification layer 32 may be formed of the calcium-introduced charcoal 35, and the waste water purification action may be performed more strongly.

It is sectional drawing which shows the ground material which is 1st Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the ground material of 2nd Example. It is a figure explaining the manufacture procedure of calcium introduction charcoal which constitutes the grand material of the 2nd example.

Explanation of symbols

1,30 Ground material 2 Construction site (Ground)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11,31 Base material 12 Pile 17 Calcium carbonate 19 Charcoal chip 20 Rubber chip 33 Elastic layer 35 Calcium introduction charcoal chip

Claims (4)

A base material laid on the construction site;
A plurality of piles whose lower ends are fixed to the substrate;
Rubber chips provided between these piles;
Calcium-introduced carbon chips made of one or more of natural fibers and / or woody materials carbonized after being immersed in a calcium hydroxide solution or suspension provided between the piles, or calcium carbonate A ground material characterized by comprising: A base material laid on the construction site;
Rubber chips joined together to form an elastic layer;
A ground comprising calcium-introduced carbon chips made of one or more of natural fibers and / or woody materials carbonized after being immersed in a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide, or calcium carbonate Wood.   The ground material according to claim 1, wherein charcoal chips are mixed with the rubber chips. The ground material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a charcoal chip or the calcium-introduced carbon chip is provided so as to be positioned above the rubber chip.

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