JP2005278338A - Power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply system capable of balancing the generated electric energy and the power load even for abrupt load variation. <P>SOLUTION: The power supply system comprises a cogeneration unit 4 generating both heat and electricity, a photovoltaic power generator 3, a power load unit 5 being supplied with power from at least one of the cogeneration unit 4, the photovoltaic power generator 3, and a commercial power system 1, and a means H for controlling operation of the cogeneration unit 4. A means 16 for predicting electric energy being generated from the photovoltaic power generator 3 is also provided, and the control means H controls operation of the cogeneration unit 4 to generate power corresponding to a deficient electric energy derived by subtracting the predicted power load of the power load unit 5 from generated electric energy predicted by the electric energy predicting means 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention receives power from at least one of a combined heat and power device that generates heat and electricity, a photovoltaic power generation device, the combined heat and power generation device, the photovoltaic power generation device, and a commercial power system. The present invention relates to a power supply system provided with a power load device and control means for controlling the operation of the cogeneration device.

  Such an electric power supply system is configured to supply electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation apparatus and the combined heat and power supply apparatus to the electric power load apparatus, and the electric load amount of the electric power load apparatus and the photovoltaic power generation apparatus and the combined heat and power supply apparatus The combined heat and power unit is controlled so that the amount of generated power matches, or the amount of power load of the power load device matches the amount of generated power of the photovoltaic power generation device and the combined heat and power unit and the amount of charge and discharge of the power storage device. Thus, the combined heat and power device and the power storage device are controlled. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-333751 A

  In the power supply system described above, the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device is unknown, and it is unclear how much surplus power or shortage will occur. It is necessary to provide a large-capacity power storage device sufficient to adjust the power. Moreover, although the amount of insufficient power can be adjusted by the power generation control of the combined heat and power supply device, there is a possibility that it cannot follow sudden load fluctuations.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the purpose thereof is to generate electric power and power load devices of a solar power generator and a combined heat and power device even if the amount of generated power of the solar power generator fluctuates. It is in the point which provides the electric power supply system which can be drive | operated which balances the electric power load amount.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention is a combined heat and power device that generates heat and electricity, a solar power generation device, the thermoelectric power supply device, and the solar power generation. A power load device that receives power supply from at least one of the device and the commercial power system, a heat load device that receives heat supply from the heat and power supply device, and a control means for controlling the operation of the heat and power supply device. An electric power supply system provided, the electric power generation amount prediction means for predicting the electric power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation device is provided, and the control means determines the predicted electric power load amount of the electric power load device as the generated electric power. The operation of the cogeneration device is controlled so that the electric power corresponding to the insufficient electric power derived by subtracting from the electric power generation amount predicted by the amount prediction means is generated by the cogeneration device. In that it is configured urchin.

According to the first characteristic configuration described above, the control unit causes the combined heat and power device to generate power corresponding to the insufficient power amount derived by subtracting the predicted power load amount of the power load device from the predicted generated power amount. Because it is configured to control the operation of the combined heat and power device, the accuracy of the generated power amount of the combined heat and power device predicted to be generated by the combined heat and power device is high, so that the generated power amount is generated. In addition, the combined heat and power system will be operated systematically. And since the accuracy of the predicted power generation amount of the combined heat and power unit is high, even if an error occurs in the actual power generation amount of the solar power generation unit, by making a small change to the operation plan of the combined heat and power unit Can respond.
Therefore, even if the power generation amount of the solar power generation device fluctuates, there is a power supply system that can be operated to balance the power generation amount of the solar power generation device and the combined heat and power supply device with the power load amount of the power load device. Will be provided.

  According to a second characteristic configuration of the power supply system of the present invention, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, the photovoltaic power generation is based on weather prediction information provided by the power generation power prediction means via an information communication line. It is the point comprised so that the electric power generation amount of an apparatus may be estimated.

  According to said 2nd characteristic structure, the electric power generation amount of a solar power generation device based on the weather prediction information which can predict the motion of the cloud etc. which may block the sunlight irradiated to a solar power generation device with high precision Therefore, it is possible to relatively increase the accuracy of the amount of generated power that is derived along with this and that is required to be generated by the cogeneration apparatus.

  According to a third characteristic configuration of the power supply system of the present invention, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, a generated power amount measuring unit that measures a generated power amount of the solar power generation device is provided, and the generated power amount predicting unit is provided. Is configured to correct the predicted generated power amount data based on the actual generated power amount measured by the generated power amount measuring means to predict the future generated power amount of the solar power generation device. It is in.

  According to the third characteristic configuration, the generated power predicting unit corrects the predicted generated power amount data based on the actual generated power amount measured by the generated power measuring unit, so that the future generated power amount of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus Therefore, it is possible to correct the error between the predicted power generation amount data and the actual power generation amount, and to accurately predict the future power generation amount. It is also possible to relatively improve the accuracy of the amount of generated power that is derived and needs to be generated by the cogeneration apparatus.

<First Embodiment>
A power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The power supply system shown in FIG. 1 includes a solar power generation device 3 linked to a commercial power system 1 and a thermoelectric power supply device 4 as a power supply device, a commercial power system 1, a solar power generation device 3, and a cogeneration device. An electric power load device 5 that is supplied with electric power from at least one of the four electric power supply devices 4 and a control unit H as a control unit that controls the operation of the cogeneration device 4 are provided.

The solar power generation device 3 is connected to the load system 2 connected to the commercial power system 1 and the power load device 5 via an inverter 7.
The combined heat and power supply device 4 includes a gas engine cogeneration device including an engine that generates exhaust heat and a generator driven by the engine, and a fuel cell power generation device that discharges heat while performing a power generation operation. The electric power is supplied to the electric power load device 5 through the load system 2, and the exhaust heat is stored in the heat medium storage unit 8 and supplied to the heat load device 6 having a load such as hot water supply or heating. Further, when the amount of heat stored in the heat medium storage unit 8 is small, the heat generated by the auxiliary heating device 14 can also be supplied to the heat load device 6. The auxiliary heating device 14 is a device such as a boiler that consumes fuel and generates heat. For the heat load device 6, the waste heat of the combined heat and power supply device 4 is recovered, the heat stored in the heat medium storage unit 8 and the surplus power recovery heater 10 is used to convert the surplus power amount into heat. The heat stored in the heat medium storage unit 8 or the heat generated by the auxiliary heating device 14 is supplied.

  Moreover, when the electric power generation amount in the solar power generation device 3 and the combined heat and power supply device 4 is larger than the electric power consumption amount of the power load device 5, the surplus electric power amount is recovered and converted into heat, and the heat medium storage unit 8 A reverse power flow prevention device 9 for storing heat is provided. Specifically, the control unit H monitors whether or not a reverse power flow to the commercial power system 1 is occurring in the current transformer CT provided in the load system 2, and surplus power is supplied to the commercial power system 1. The power consumption of the surplus power recovery heater 10 is adjusted so as not to flow backward.

  Further, the control unit H having the generated power amount prediction means 16 capable of predicting the generated power amount of the solar power generation device 3 as a function is connected to the weather via the communication unit 11 and the information communication line 12 such as the Internet. The prediction information providing unit 13 is communicably connected. The weather forecast information providing unit 13 analyzes the wide-area and local actual weather forecast information, predicts future weather broadly and locally, and can deliver the weather forecast information via the information communication line 12 Device. Therefore, the power generation amount prediction means 16 uses the time series generation power of the solar power generation device 3 based on weather prediction information provided via the information communication line 12 such as time series solar radiation amount and cloud amount. It is possible to predict the amount.

  The control unit H performs a data update process for updating and storing the past load data for one day in a state in which it is associated with the day of the week based on the actual usage state, and for each day that is stored, the stored one day From the past load data, predicted load calculation processing for obtaining predicted load data for one day of the day is performed.

  When the description of the data update processing is added, past load data for one day indicating how much power load amount, hot water supply heat load amount and heating heat load amount as heat load in which time zone in one day is obtained. It is configured to be updated and stored in a state associated with the day of the week.

First, the past load data will be described. The past load data is composed of three types of load data, that is, power load amount data, hot water supply heat load amount data, and heating heat load amount data. As shown in FIG. The past load data is stored in a state where the past load data is divided for each day of the week from Sunday to Saturday.
The past load data for one day includes 24 pieces of power load amount data per unit time, 24 pieces of hot water supply heat load amount data per unit time, and one unit of 24 hours. It consists of 24 pieces of heating heat load data per hour.

When the configuration for updating the past load data as described above is added, the power load amount and the heat load amount per unit time (the hot water supply heat load amount and the heating heat load amount) are measured from the actual usage state. In a state where the measured load data is stored, the actual load data for one day is stored in association with the day of the week.
When the actual load data for one day is stored for one week, new past load data is obtained by adding the past load data and the actual load data at a predetermined ratio for each day of the week. New past load data is stored and the past load data is updated.

Specifically, taking Sunday as an example, as shown in FIG. 2, from the past load data D1m corresponding to Sunday among the past load data and the actual load data A1 corresponding to Sunday among the actual load data, New past load data D1 (m + 1) corresponding to Sunday is obtained by the following [Equation 1], and the obtained past load data D1 (m + 1) is stored.
In the following [Expression 1], D1m is past load data corresponding to Sunday, A1 is actual load data corresponding to Sunday, K is a constant of 0.75, and D1 (m + 1) is And new past load data.

[Formula 1]
D1 (m + 1) = (D1m × K) + {A1 × (1-K)}

When the predicted load calculation process is further described, it is executed each time the date is changed, and how much power load amount, hot water supply heat load amount, and heating heat load amount are predicted for which time zone of the day. It is comprised so that the estimated load data of may be calculated | required.
That is, out of the seven past load data for each day of the week, by adding the past load data corresponding to the day of the day and the actual load data of the previous day at a predetermined ratio, how much power load amount in which time zone, It is configured to obtain predicted load data for one day on the day of whether the hot water supply heat load amount and the heating heat load amount are predicted.

More specifically, the case of obtaining the predicted load data for one day on Monday is described as an example. As shown in FIG. 2, seven past load data D1m to D7m for each day of the week and seven actual load data A1 for each day of the week are shown. ~ A7 are stored, the predicted load data for one day on Monday is calculated from the past load data D2m corresponding to Monday and the actual load data A1 corresponding to Sunday of the previous day by the following [Formula 2]. Find B.
As shown in FIG. 3, the predicted load data B for one day is predicted power load amount data for one day, predicted hot water supply heat load data for one day, predicted heating heat load data for one day. 3 (a) shows the predicted power load amount for one day, (b) in FIG. 3 shows the predicted heating heat load amount for one day, C) shows the predicted hot water supply heat load for one day.
In the following [Formula 2], D2m is past load data corresponding to Monday, A1 is actual load data corresponding to Sunday, Q is a constant of 0.25, and B is a predicted load. Data.

[Formula 2]
B = (D2m × Q) + {A1 × (1-Q)}

Next, the power generation operation control of the cogeneration apparatus 4 performed by the control unit H will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step 100, when the date changes to midnight, the control unit H sets the generated power amount prediction means 16 to 24 hours of the solar power generation device 3 based on the weather prediction information distributed from the weather prediction information providing unit 13. The amount of generated power in time series within the determination target period is predicted. Next, in step 102, the control unit H derives the predicted power load amount of the power load device 5 derived as described above by subtracting it from the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 predicted in step 100. The time-series required power generation amount of the combined heat and power supply device 4 corresponding to the insufficient power amount that is the difference is derived. In step 104, the control unit H controls the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 4 so as to generate the derived time-series required power generation amount. As a result, even if the actual power load amount of the power load device 5 deviates from the predicted power load amount, or even if the actual power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 deviates from the predicted power generation amount, The insufficient power amount derived by subtracting the actual power generation amount of the power load device 5 from the actual power generation amount of the power generation device 3 greatly deviates from the required power generation amount of the cogeneration device 4 derived in step 102. There is a high possibility of not.

  Therefore, in the power supply / demand relationship of the solar power generation device 3, the combined heat and power supply device 4, and the power load device 5, it is possible to prevent a large surplus power amount and a shortage power amount from occurring. Further, the control unit H converts the surplus power amount into heat using the reverse flow prevention device 9 when the surplus power amount is generated, stores the heat in the heat medium storage unit 8, and stores the commercial power when the short amount of power occurs. It is configured to purchase electricity from the grid 1.

Second Embodiment
The power supply system of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is a time-series predictive power generation set in advance based on the actual power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 measured by the power generation amount measuring means 15. It differs from the said embodiment by the point which is comprised so that the electric energy may be correct | amended and the future electric power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 may be estimated. Hereinafter, the power supply system of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, but the same description as that of the first embodiment will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the generated power amount prediction means 16 provided as one function of the control unit H is based on the actual generated power amount of the solar power generation device 3 measured by the generated power amount measurement means 15. As shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. The predicted power generation amount data shown in FIG. 7 is determined by a normal distribution when the power generation amount at sunrise and sunset is the minimum power generation amount and the power generation amount at noon. The minimum power generation amount is 0 Wh, and the maximum power generation amount is the latitude and longitude at which the solar power generation device 3 is installed, the installation posture such as the inclination of the solar panel provided in the solar power generation device 3 with respect to the sun, sunlight The value is determined by the rated output of the power generation device 3 or the like.

  In Step 200 of FIG. 6, when the date changes to midnight, the control unit H uses the predicted power generation amount data described above to generate time-series generated power within the determination period of, for example, 24 hours of the solar power generation device 3. Predict the amount. Next, in step 202, the control unit H derives the predicted power load amount of the power load device 5 derived as described above by subtracting it from the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 predicted in step 200, The time-series required power generation amount of the combined heat and power supply device 4 corresponding to the insufficient power amount that is the difference is derived. In step 204, the control unit H controls the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 4 so as to generate the derived time-series required power generation amount. As a result, even if the actual power load amount of the power load device 5 deviates from the predicted power load amount, or even if the actual power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 deviates from the predicted power generation amount, The insufficient power amount derived by subtracting the actual power generation amount of the power load device 5 from the actual power generation amount of the power generation device 3 greatly deviates from the required power generation amount of the cogeneration device 4 derived in step 202. There is a high possibility of not.

  Thereafter, in step 206, for example, at time t, the control unit H sets the predicted power generation set in advance based on the actual power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 measured by the power generation amount measurement unit 15. Correct the energy data. For example, the predicted power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 7 is Pp, and is the actual power generation amount Pr of the solar power generation device measured by the power generation power amount measuring unit 15 at time t. At this time, the power generation amount prediction means 16 converts the time-series predicted power generation amount data set by the one-dot chain line into the curve indicated by the broken line while maintaining the curve tendency of the prediction data. Is corrected so as to be reduced as a whole, and the curve after the correction is predicted as the amount of generated power in the future. Next, in Step 208, the control unit H controls the operation of the combined heat and power supply device 4 so as to generate the corrected time-series power generation amount. Then, the control unit H repeats the above-described control of step 206 and step 208 with time (for example, every hour).

<Another embodiment>
<1>
In the above embodiment, the case where a combined heat and power device is used as the power supply device has been described. However, various other generators can be used.

<2>
In the first embodiment, the time when the power generation amount prediction means 16 predicts the time-series power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 based on the weather prediction information distributed from the weather prediction information providing unit 13 is the above-mentioned time. Not limited to midnight. For example, every time the weather prediction information is updated in the weather prediction information providing unit 13, the generated power amount prediction means 16 receives the distribution, re-predicts the time-series generated power amount, and the control unit H You may make it perform operation control of the combined heat and power supply apparatus 4 based on the magnitude | size of the time series electric power generation amount estimated.

<3>
In the second embodiment, as the predicted power generation amount data, a normal distribution curve is used when the power generation amount at sunrise and sunset is the minimum power generation amount and the noon power generation amount is the maximum power generation amount. However, other predicted power generation amount data may be used. For example, the power generation amount prediction means 16 predicts the time series power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 3 based on the weather prediction information described in the second embodiment, and the predicted time series power generation power. An amount value can also be used as the predicted power generation amount data.

Functional block diagram of the power supply system of the first embodiment Diagram explaining data update process Diagram showing time-series data Flowchart of power generation operation control of the first embodiment Functional block diagram of the power supply system of the second embodiment Flowchart of power generation operation control of the second embodiment Graph showing predicted power generation data and corrected predicted power generation data

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Commercial power system 3 Solar power generation device 4 Cogeneration apparatus 5 Electric power load device 16 Electric power generation amount prediction means H Control part (control means)

Claims (3)

A combined heat and power device that generates heat and electricity; a solar power generation device; and a power load device that receives power from at least one of the thermoelectric power supply device, the solar power generation device, and a commercial power system. A power supply system provided with a control means for controlling the operation of the cogeneration apparatus,
A power generation amount prediction means for predicting the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device is provided,
The control unit generates, by the cogeneration device, power corresponding to an insufficient power amount derived by subtracting the predicted power load amount of the power load device from the generated power amount predicted by the generated power amount prediction unit. An electric power supply system configured to control the operation of the cogeneration apparatus.   The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation amount prediction means is configured to predict a power generation amount of the solar power generation apparatus based on weather prediction information provided via an information communication line. A power generation amount measuring means for measuring the power generation amount of the solar power generation device is provided,
The generated power amount predicting unit corrects the predicted generated power amount data based on the actual generated power amount measured by the generated power amount measuring unit to predict the future generated power amount of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus. The power supply system according to claim 1, which is configured as follows.

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