JP2005272209A - Compost turn-over machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compost turn-over machine having improved working efficiency by reducing the extent of travelling operation. <P>SOLUTION: The compost turn-over apparatus 6 is arranged on a frame of a travelling body 2 of a working machine 1 to be protruded toward from the travelling body 2 through a supporting device 7. A working tool 8 for loading for moving and carrying a compost material and the compost turned over by the compost turn-over apparatus 6 is arranged on a working arm 5 provided on the working machine 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a compost reversing machine provided with a compost reversing device that promotes composting by stirring materials such as cow dung and bedding straw, and that improves the workability of carrying and loading compost reverted by this reversing device.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a work vehicle in which a wheel loader is used as a base machine and a bucket-type compost turning device is attached as the work attachment. The compost turning device is a beater that is rotatably attached to an arm that is pivotally supported by a bucket body that forms an outer shell, and moves up and down between the front and top of the opening of the bucket body, and a compost material that is taken into the bucket Has a blade that pushes forward toward the beater. Then, with this beater retracted above the bucket body, the wheel loader is run to take in the compost material into the bucket, and the beater is moved to the front of the opening of the bucket body and rotated. By pushing the taken-in compost material toward the beater, the compost material is cut and agitated, and is released vigorously from the bucket opening to increase the air permeability of the compost material and promote composting.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-47086

  Since the work vehicle has a wheel loader as a base machine, a traveling operation is required for taking in the compost into the bucket, and the compost material dispersed and accumulated in a plurality of places or the compost material scattered during the turning operation When taking in, the movement distance also becomes long. Therefore, a large work space is required for the wheel loader to run around. In addition, when loading composted compost into a carry-out truck for application to farmland, etc., the wheel loader has a short bucket reach due to its structure, so it must approach close to the carry-out truck. There is a problem that it takes time for loading work because it requires a traveling operation with turning back of the steering wheel for alignment with the loading platform.

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a compost turning machine that can improve work efficiency by reducing traveling operation.

  (1) The compost turning machine according to the present invention is provided with a compost turning device that protrudes forward from the traveling body through a support device on the traveling body frame of the work machine, and the compost turning device provided on the working arm provided in the working machine. A loading work tool for moving the compost turned back by the above is provided.

(2) Moreover, the traveling body of the working machine has a wheel-type traveling device.

The compost turning machine of the present invention is provided with a compost turning device that protrudes forward from the running body through a support device on the traveling body frame of the working machine, and the working arm provided in the working machine is turned back by the compost turning device. Since the structure is provided with a loading tool that can move the compost produced, the compost material can be turned over in advance by using the work arm loading tool in advance of the compost turning device. By moving and accumulating in the vicinity, the movement of the work machine can be reduced, a large work space is not required, and work efficiency is improved. Further, in loading work such as when compost is unloaded, the work arm can be loaded on the truck even from a position slightly away from the unloading truck, so that the traveling time by traveling can be shortened, so that work efficiency can be improved.

  An embodiment of a compost turning machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 show the overall structure of a compost turning machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view and FIG. 2 is a front view. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the structure of the supporting device 7 in FIG. 1 described later, FIGS. 4 to 7 are views showing the structure of the compost turning device, FIG. 4 is a front view thereof, FIG. 5 is a side view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion V in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the II direction of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a work machine having a wheel-type traveling device, and uses a hydraulic excavator as a base machine. 2 is a traveling body, 3 is a turning device, 4 is the turning body, 5 is a working arm attached to the turning body 4, and 6 is a compost attached to the frame 2a of the traveling body 2 by a support device 7 so as to be movable up and down. A turn-back device 8 is provided on the working arm 5 and is a working tool for loading compost or compost material. In this example, the loading working tool 8 is a bucket.

  The working arm 5 includes a boom 10 attached to the revolving body 4 by a boom cylinder 9 so as to be raised and lowered, an arm 12 attached to the tip of the boom 10 by an arm cylinder 11 so as to be rotatable up and down, and a work tool 8. The boom 10 and the arm 12 are formed with a predetermined length, and the distance from the revolving body 4 to the work tool 8 by changing their undulation angle and rotation angle. (Working radius) can be changed as appropriate, and a wide working range can be obtained without traveling operation by combining with the turning motion of the revolving structure 4.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the support device 7 has substantially the same structure as a known earth plate device provided in a wheel-type hydraulic excavator, and is swingably attached to the traveling body frame 2a by pins 14 so as to be swingable. The frame 15 and the hydraulic cylinder 16 that moves the swing frame 15 up and down are provided. The support device 7 is operated by moving the hydraulic cylinder 16 up and down by operation from the cab.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the compost turning device 6 supported by the support device 7 is pivotally supported on the bucket body 20 that forms the outer shell, and the inner upper surface of the bucket body 20, and the width of the opening of the bucket body 20 A pair of left and right blades 22R, 22L having blade plates 21R, 21L extending in the direction, and blade cylinders 23L, 23R provided through the back of the bucket body 20 on the back of the blades 22R, 22L, The blades 22R and 22L rotate about the rotation shaft 24 by the expansion and contraction of the blade cylinders 23L and 23R, whereby the blade plates 21R and 21L move back and forth in the bucket body 20, and compost stored in the bucket. Is pushed out toward the bucket opening. The blades 22R and 22L are connected to each other by a connecting rod 25 that is extendable and retractable by a double cylinder structure.

Also, a pair of left and right arms 26R, 26L having a generally U shape toward the bucket opening are pivotally supported via link mechanisms 27R, 27L at the left and right upper ends of the bucket opening, and the tips of the arms 26R, 26L A beater 28 is rotatably supported on the shaft. The shape of the left and right ends of the beater 28 will be described later with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, for convenience, the illustration of the arm 26 </ b> R and the beater 28 is partially omitted, but the arm 26 </ b> R has the same shape as shown in FIG. 5, and the beater 28 has a bilaterally symmetric shape. The link mechanisms 27R and 27L are connected to a pair of left and right beater cylinders 29R and 29L mounted on the outer back surface of the bucket body 20, respectively. The arms 26R and 26L are rotated by the expansion and contraction of the beater cylinders 29R and 29L via the link mechanisms 27R and 27L. When the cylinders 29R and 29L are fully extended, the beater 28 is near the blade edge portion on the bottom surface of the bucket (position B in FIG. 5). When the cylinders 29R and 29L are fully retracted, they are located above the bucket opening (position A in FIG. 5). A support beam 30 is fixed inside the left and right arms 26L and 26R, and a large number of sprite beams 31 are attached to the support beam 30 to prevent the compost material from falling from the bucket body 20.

A flat bracket 32 is fixed on the inner surface of one arm 26L, and a hydraulic motor 33 is installed on the upper surface of the bracket 32. The rotation shaft of the beater 28 is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 33 via a roller chain 34 attached to the outside of the arm 26L, whereby the output from the hydraulic motor 33 is transmitted to the beater 28 via the roller chain 34. The beater 28 is rotated according to the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor 33. A large number of cutters 35 are provided in a zigzag shape on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 28 a of the beater 28, and the compost material is agitated by the rotation of the cutter 35.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a V portion in FIG. 4 showing the structure of the end portion of the beater 28. 6, illustration of the roller chain 34 and the like is omitted, and the structure of the end of the beater 28 is the same on the left and right, and the illustration of the right end is also omitted. As shown in FIG. 6, a rotating shaft 36 having a diameter smaller than that of the cylindrical portion 28a is integrally attached to the end of the beater 28, and the rotating shaft 36 is rotatably supported by a bearing 37 attached to the arm 26L. ing. A known seal mechanism (not shown) is provided adjacent to the rotating shaft 36 side of the bearing 37 to prevent foreign matter from entering the bearing 37. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a substantially rectangular bracket 38 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the beater 28, and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped block 39 is fixed to the end of the bracket 38 toward the rotating shaft 36. Yes. Therefore, the bracket 38 and the block 39 rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 36, and these are hereinafter collectively referred to as a rotating member.

One end surface of the block 39 is brought into contact with the axially inner end surface of the beater cylindrical portion 28a. For example, a gap c1 of about 1 mm is provided. The inner diameter side end of the block 39 is close to the rotating shaft 36, and the outermost diameter parts of the rotating members 36, 38, 39 are located on the outer diameter side of the beater cylindrical part 28 a by the amount of the bracket 38. Therefore, when the virtual curve (L1) is formed so as to surround the rotating members 36, 38, and 39 as shown in FIG. 7, spaces S1 to S3 are formed between the rotating members 36, 38, and 39 and the virtual curve L1. The That is, the cross-sectional shape of the rotating members 36, 38, 39 is not a circle but an uneven shape.

Next, main operations of the compost turning machine according to this embodiment will be described. First, the working arm 5 and the swivel body 4 are driven, and the compost material around the working machine is accumulated near the front of the compost turning device 6. The operation of the working arm 5 and the swing body 4 is performed by operating the operation lever in the cab as in the case of the known hydraulic excavator. Further, since the working arm 5 is composed of a boom and an arm having a predetermined length, the position of the work tool 8 can be changed by adjusting the undulation angle and the rotation angle thereof, and the arm 5 can be operated independently or as a swinging body. In combination with the turning operation of No. 4, the accumulation operation can be performed without performing the traveling operation.

Then, the supporting device 7 sets the bucket body 20 of the compost turning device 6 in a horizontal posture in which the bottom portion approaches the ground in front of the accumulated compost material. This is performed by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 16 by operating an operating device (not shown) in the driver's seat.

In this state, the beater cylinders 29R, 29L are retracted to the minimum stroke amount by operating the operation lever (not shown) for moving the beater, and the beater 28 is moved to the uppermost position (position A in FIG. 5). The blade cylinders 23R, 23L are retracted to the minimum stroke amount by operating a switch (not shown), and the blades 22R, 22L are stored in the rearmost portion of the bucket body 20.

Next, a forward / reverse lever (not shown) in the driver's seat is operated, the accelerator pedal is depressed to advance the vehicle, the bucket body 20 is pushed into the compost material, and the compost material is taken into the bucket body 20. This forward traveling is performed with a short moving distance because the compost material is pre-stacked in the vicinity of the front of the working machine. Subsequently, the bucket body 20 is raised by the support device 7 by the operation of the operation device, and the vehicle is moved to a predetermined position for discharging the compost in the bucket body 20. Next, the hydraulic motor 33 is driven in the forward rotation direction (direction R1 in FIG. 1) by operating a switch (not shown) in the driver's seat, and the beater cylinders 29R and 29L are operated by operating the operation lever for driving the beater. Is extended to the maximum stroke. As a result, the beater 28 moves from position A to position B in FIG.

When the movement of the beater 28 is completed, one of the left and right blade cylinders (for example, 23R) is extended by a switch operation. As a result, the blade 22R moves from the back to the front in the bucket body 20, and the compost material in the bucket body 20 is pushed toward the bucket opening on the front surface of the blade plate 21R as the blade 22R moves. As a result, the compost material in the bucket body 20 is expelled from the bucket opening while being crushed by the cutter 35 of the rotating beater 28.

When the blade cylinder 23R is extended to the maximum stroke amount, the blade cylinder 23L is subsequently extended by a switch operation. As a result, the blade plate 21L moves toward the opening of the bucket body 20, and the remaining compost material in the bucket body 20 is pushed out toward the bucket opening by the movement of the blade plate 21L and is crushed by the cutter 35. All compost material in the bucket body 20 is released. Further, when a compost lump has bitten into the beater 28 during the stirring by the beater 28, the beater 28 is reversely rotated (R2 direction in FIG. 5) by a switch operation to remove the bite.

When the discharge of the compost material in the bucket body 20 is completed, the rotation of the beater 28 is stopped by the operation of the operator, the beater cylinders 29R and 29L are retracted to raise the beater 28 to the position A in FIG. , 23L is retracted, and the blades 22R, 22L are returned to the rearmost in the bucket body 20.

Thereafter, the bucket body 20 is set to the excavation posture (the bucket bottom is in a horizontal state along the ground) by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 16 of the support device 7, and thereafter the same operation is repeated.

In the above-described operation, when the beater 28 is rotated forward or backward, there is a possibility that a hook or the like in the bucket body 20 may get entangled around the rotating shaft 36. However, in this embodiment, a block 39 and a bracket 38 are provided in the vicinity of the rotation shaft 36 so that the spaces S1 to S3 are defined between the rotation members 36, 38, 39 and the virtual curve L1 surrounding the rotation members 36, 38, 39. Since the cross-sectional shape of the rotating members 36, 38, and 39 is made uneven, the wrinkles are less likely to be entangled compared to a circular cross-section.

  Further, even if straw is entangled around the rotary shaft 36, it is entangled along the virtual curve L 1, and the straw is not entangled with the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 36, so that soot is prevented from entering the bearing 37. On the other hand, when manure is mixed with the cocoon and entangled with the rotating members 36, 38, 39, they may stick to the rotating members 36, 38, 39. However, in the present embodiment, since the end portions of the rotating members 36, 38, 39 are positioned on the outer diameter side of the cylindrical portion 28a of the beater, the straw and the rotating body are positioned on the outer diameter side of the cylindrical portion 28a. A gap (for example, S3) is formed between 36, 38, and 39. As a result, a bar or the like can be pushed into the gap S3 from the inside of the beater 14 in the axial direction, and the fixed object can be easily removed by hooking the fixed object on the bar.

In the present embodiment, since the composting material taken into the bucket body 20 is pushed out toward the rotating beater 28 using the blades 22R and 22L, the composting material is beatered. It is discharged vigorously from the bucket opening while being stirred at 28. This increases the breathability of the compost material and promotes composting.

  On the other hand, when transporting composted compost for spraying to a farm or the like, the accumulated compost is loaded onto a carry-out truck by the work tool 8 (bucket) by operating the working arm 5 and the swivel body 4. In this case, as described above, the work arm 5 is configured by the boom 10 and the arm 11 having a predetermined length, so that a distance (working radius) from the swing body 4 to the work tool 8 is ensured. By combining with the turning motion, the loading operation can be performed without the traveling motion.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the traveling operation of the work machine as much as possible in the compost turning work and the transporting work, the work efficiency is improved, and a large work space is not required. It is also possible to work in a relatively small place.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a bucket is mounted as the work tool 8 has been shown, but a gripping tool such as a grapple can also be used.

  Further, the opening of the main body of the bucket 20 can be directed upward by the support device 7, and the compost material can be directly put into the bucket main body 20 by the work tool 8. In this way, the traveling operation can be further omitted.

It is a general view which shows embodiment of the compost cutting machine by this invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1 (a work arm is omitted). It is a figure which shows the structure of the support apparatus of FIG. It is a front view which shows the compost turning-back apparatus of this Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a portion V. It is II sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1: working machine, 2: traveling body, 2a: traveling body frame, 3: turning device, 4: turning body, 5: working arm, 6: compost turning device, 7: support device, 8: work tool for loading ( Bucket), 9: boom cylinder, 10: boom, 11: arm cylinder, 12: arm, 13: hydraulic cylinder, 15: swing frame, 16: hydraulic cylinder, 20: bucket body, 21R, 21L: blade plate, 22R , 22L: blade, 23L, 23R: blade cylinder, 25: connecting rod, 26R, 26L: arm, 27R, 27L: link mechanism, 28: beater, 29R, 29L: beater cylinder, 30: support beam, 31: sprite beam , 32: bracket, 33: hydraulic motor, 34: roller chain, 35: cutter, 36: rotating shaft (rotating member), 37: bearing 38: bracket (rotating member), 39: block (rotation member)

Claims (2)

A compost turning device is provided on the traveling body frame of the work machine by projecting it forward from the traveling body via a support device,
A compost turning machine characterized in that a working tool for moving the compost turned back by the compost turning device is provided on a working arm provided in the work machine. In the compost turning machine according to claim 1,
The compost turning machine, wherein the traveling body includes a wheel-type traveling device.

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