JP2005266732A - Percussion instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a percussion instrument which is small in size and simple in structure so as to be easily played by anyone and can produce better tone quality in a wider range. <P>SOLUTION: In a wooden hollow solid percussion instrument having at least one plate surface, an open sound hole 12 is formed in a prescribed plate surface 11 of a hollow solid main body 1, and a sound hole cylinder 2 projecting into the hollow solid main body 1 is superposed on the open sound hole 12 by attachment. A freely open/close sound hole B(4) is formed in a surface 17 in a direction different from that of the plate surface 11 to which the sound hole cylinder 2 superposed on the open sound hole 12 is attached. Slide means 6 and 22 are provided for the sound hole cylinder which is superposed on and detached from the open sound hole 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a new wooden hollow solid percussion instrument generally referred to as “cajon”, which is a similar product of this type.

A “cajon” is a percussion instrument that produces a sound of a specific frequency by hitting a wooden hollow solid with a hand or a musical instrument, and this type of percussion instrument generally forms an opening on the side of a vertically long rectangular solid body. This is a known percussion instrument having a structure in which a hollow solid plate is struck to vibrate and the air inside and outside the hollow solid is coupled to resonate.
In general, the striking face plate is thin, and the other face is made of a medium thickness plate or a thick plate material.

Conventionally, such a percussion instrument has a very simple structure, and its generated sound range has been extremely limited.
Therefore, the performance of this type of percussion instrument could not be changed in a larger sound range or sound quality, so there was a place where it was a little less interesting than other instruments. However, the dynamic rhythm sound is exceptional, and since it can be played with the feeling of hitting the hitting surface with both hands and the whole body, it is very familiar as a sensation of music, and everyone can enjoy it easily and easily. It was long-awaited from the direction.

In addition, the sound output of percussion instruments has conventionally been on the back and bottom of a hollow chair-shaped solid body and is not facing the direction of the music viewer. It was difficult to fully appreciate.
Recently, some of the sound outlets are directed toward the audience, but it is impossible to generate a wider range because the place where the sound is hit is limited. It was.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned background, and the subject is that a small and simple structure allows anyone to perform easily and easily, with a wider sound range and better. A percussion instrument capable of producing sound quality is provided.

Means to solve the problem

  In a wooden hollow three-dimensional percussion instrument, an open sound port is formed on a predetermined surface of a hollow three-dimensional main body, and a sound tube that protrudes inside the hollow solid is in contact with the sound port.

  And it is preferable to form the sound opening B that can be opened and closed on a surface in a direction different from the surface on which the sound tube is attached.

  Furthermore, it is even more preferable to provide a means for sliding the sound port tube that is superposed on the open sound port.

The invention's effect

  According to the percussion instrument of the present invention, a clearer sound can be heard by providing a sound outlet (sound exit) on the appreciation (listening) side. In addition, the sound range can be expanded and the sound quality can be improved by attaching and providing the sound tube which is superposed on the open sound port and protrudes into the hollow solid body. If the sound range is the same, the volume can be reduced and the size can be reduced.

  Further, by forming the freely openable / closable sound port B on a surface in a direction different from the surface on which the sound tube is attached, the tone change due to the opening and closing of the sound port B and the opening rate of the sound port B by hand during performance The sound quality and the force of the sound can be changed by instantaneously opening and closing the sound mouth B.

  In addition, by providing a sliding means for the sound tube that can be separated from the open sound port, the sound tube can be moved appropriately to soften the sound quality, to make it feel harder, Can also be varied widely.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  A percussion instrument that can be easily played with a small and simple structure and can produce a better sound quality in a wider sound range has been realized by projecting the sound tube from the open sound port into the hollow solid body.

Hereinafter, the form of the 1st example by the present invention is described based on a drawing.
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a wooden percussion instrument of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
Reference numeral 1 is a hollow solid (box-shaped) body, 11 is a front plate, 12 is a sound port, 13 is a striking plate, 14 is a side plate, 15 is a back plate, 16 is a top plate, 17 is a bottom plate, 2 is a sound Reference numeral 3 denotes a countersunk screw.

As shown in FIG. 1, a wooden percussion instrument of the present invention comprises a rectangular parallelepiped hollow three-dimensional body 1 having a predetermined size and four striking plates 13 that are side plates adjacent to a rectangular front plate 11 and the percussion plate 13. A side plate 14 that faces the face plate 13, a back plate 15 that faces the front plate 11, and two upper and lower upper and lower plates 16 and 17 that are squares.
The five plates excluding the striking plate 13 have the same thickness, and the top plate 16, the bottom plate 17, the front plate 11, the side plate 14, and the back plate 15 have a hollow three-dimensional shape (box shape) that opens one side. They are fixed to each other with an adhesive. The striking face plate 13 has a thickness of approximately 25% to 30% of other face plates and is fixed with a number of countersunk screws 3 in order to improve sound. A sound port 12 having a required area is formed in a square shape in the lower center portion of the front plate 11, and a square rectangular tube shape protruding into the hollow solid (box-shaped) main body 1 is formed on the back side of the sound port 12. The sound mouth tube 2 is superposed and fixed.

  In this embodiment, the hollow solid (box-shaped) main body 1 is a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped like a child's chair, and the open sound mouth 12 is a square that is approximately 3.6% of the area of the front plate 11. The center axis is opened from the bottom at approximately 35% of the long side of the front plate 11. The depth of the inner wall of the hollow three-dimensional (box-shaped) main body 1 is approximately 38% (substantially the short side of the front plate 11). 38%) and the plate thickness is the same as that of the front plate 11 in the state where the sound tube 2 is opened and the sound port 12 is continuously extended in the same plane and protruded into the hollow solid (box-shaped) main body 1. It is fixed with an adhesive.

  The shape of the sound mouth 12 may be circular or square, and the diameter or one side of the corner is 23% to 40% of the short dimension of the front plate 11, and the area of the sound mouth 12 is 3% to the area of the striking plate 13. The length (depth) of the sound mouth tube 2 is 35% to 65% of the depth of the hollow three-dimensional main body 1, and the volume is 1.4% to 4% of the volume of the hollow three-dimensional main body 1. Further, the place to be provided is not limited to the front / hit face plate.

The optimal thickness of the striking plate 13 is 3 mm to 4 mm for plane tree or paulownia.
When playing (striking) using mallet (percussion instrument tapping tool), the thickness of the striking face plate 13 can be up to about 15 mm.

Since it is configured as described above, the generated sound is resonated inside the hollow three-dimensional main body 1 while vibrating the striking plate 13 with a hand or the like with the sound mouth 12 facing the listener (appreciating) side. As a result, the sound passes through the horn tube 2, is amplified, and is released to the outside from the opened horn 12.
Therefore, in the percussion instrument of the present invention, the performance sound is transmitted directly to the listener, there is no need to worry about the performance environment, the player's orientation and arrangement need to be improved, a heavy bass range is added to the timbre, and a wide sound range, It can produce profound sound quality. (See Table 1)
Further, since the striking plate 13 is attached with a number of countersunk screws 8, it can be replaced with a new striking plate 13 when it is struck (played) for a long time and deformed or worn.

  In general, a conventional percussion instrument of this type generates bass as the volume of the hollow solid increases, but the percussion instrument according to the present invention changes the resonance frequency by the sound tube 2 protruding into the hollow solid body 1. Since the bass part is amplified in order to act on the sound, it is possible to generate a wide sound range up to the bass even with a small volume.

  In addition, some of the invention products have a shallow depth and a large volume by using a wide drawing plate called a flat type having a different shape as a printing plate. The above-mentioned sound mouth and sound mouth tube may be upper and lower surfaces or side surfaces. This flat percussion instrument is held in front of the user's belly or placed on a knee or a stand, and the striking surface has a wide area from the center to the periphery. growing.

Experimental measurement results

As shown in Table 1 above, regarding the relationship between the internal volume of this type of percussion instrument and the generated sound, generally, a low sound is obtained when the internal volume is increased, and a high sound is obtained when the volume is decreased. The relationship between the percussion timbre and the generated sound is that if the area of the timbre is increased, the timbre is simple and bright, and conversely if the area is decreased, the timbre becomes dull and low. Also, if the volume is the same, if the sound mouth is made smaller like the invention shown in the table and a sound tube that protrudes inside the hollow solid is provided in contact therewith, the bass is more The sound range is wide and the sound quality is soft. With this idea, the small product of the invention shown in the table has a sound mouth, so even if the volume is about one-fifth of that of the conventional product, the bass is roughly the same as the generated sound, but the treble is about twice as loud. This means that the sound range has been significantly expanded.
Therefore, when comparing percussion instruments of the same size (volume), the product of the present invention can produce a bass with a difference of one octave, so it becomes a small and easy-to-play percussion instrument that can be held on the knee or hand. It is an excellent thing that you can enjoy a wide range of performance sounds with only medium-sized percussion instruments.

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
2A is a perspective view of the wooden percussion instrument of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2A. The parts common to the first embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the outline is the same as that of the first embodiment, but a bottom plate 17 in a direction perpendicular to the front plate 11 which is a plate attached to the open sound port 12 and the sound tube 2 overlapping. Is formed with an openable / closable sound port B (4).
The sound mouth B (4) is a circular shape having an area equivalent to that of the open sound mouth 12, and is the central axis. It is opened in a circular shape at a position approximately 30% of one side of the bottom plate 17 from the edge in contact with the front plate 11. Then, the cut disc is used as the sound palate 41. A gripping string 42 is attached to the sound palate 41 in the center with both ends tied. Moreover, since it becomes unstable by the ball | bowl of the gripping cord 42 when it puts it with the bottom face down, the base 5 of the thickness exceeding the magnitude | size of a ball | bowl is attached to the four corners of a bottom face.
Therefore, the sound mouth B (4) can be freely opened and closed as necessary by attaching and detaching the sound mouth lid 41 with the gripping cord 42.

Note that the sound outlet B (4) is not limited to a circular shape, but may have an equivalent area. Also, the location and position of formation are not limited to the bottom plate 17 in a direction perpendicular to the front plate 11 that is a plate attached to the horn tube 2, and air is directly opposed to the horn 12. Any surface other than the surface on which the sound mouth 12 is provided, except for the position of the blow-through range, may be used.
Therefore, the sound mouth 12 is most easily formed, and can be set at a different place or position as appropriate according to the shape of the hollow three-dimensional body 1.

  In this case, since the sound opening B (4) that can be freely opened and closed is formed, a heavy sound is generated when the sound mouth cover 41 is closed, and a bright sound is generated when the sound mouth B (4) is opened. Since it is generated, the performance can be freely distinguished by the same percussion instrument. Further, by changing the open / close rate of the sound port B (4) while covering the sound port B (4) with the hand with the sound cover 41 open, the sound of the timbre rich in change according to the open / close rate of the mouth is obtained. Can be generated.

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
3A is a perspective view of the wooden percussion instrument of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the periphery of the sound tube that slides from the inside of the hollow solid body as viewed from the direction of arrow X in FIG. 3 in a state in which the sound tube is lowered, and FIG. -D is an enlarged sectional view.
The parts common to the first embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3, a sliding means for the sound port tube 2 that overlaps and leaves the sound port 12 that is opened is provided.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sliding means is parallel so that it can move downward in a state where it slides from the position where it overlaps the sound port 12 where the sound tube 2 is opened on the back side of the front plate 11. The angled U-shaped slide groove 22 is provided on the left and right sides of the horn tube 2 and at a predetermined distance from the sliding end surface, and is slid into the parallel slide groove 22 and slides to the lower side of the open sound mouth 12. A slide rail 6 having an L-shaped side with a length that can be moved to the side of the open sound mouth 12 is fastened and fixed with countersunk screws 3. The sliding hardness can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening force of the countersunk screw 3.
In order to move the horn tube 2 from the front side of the front plate 11, the upper surface plate of the horn tube 2 has an arcuate movement knob 21 that penetrates the open sound port 12 and further protrudes to the outer wall surface. Is provided. The position of the horn tube 2 can be changed by moving the moving knob 21 up and down.
At the same time, when it comes into contact with the upper and lower sides of the open sound opening 12, it also becomes a stopper in a completely superposed or completely detached state at that position. Therefore, it is possible to operate easily without worrying about the state of the position of the horn tube 2.

By providing means for sliding the horn tube 2, the sound quality at the position where the opened sound port 12 and the sound tube 2 are completely superposed is softened, while the sound quality at the position of complete separation is made harder. Or at an intermediate position, it can be an intermediate feeling and can be changed widely.
Therefore, the tone color can be freely selected according to the music.

As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, as another embodiment of the hollow three-dimensional body 1, the sound port 12 opened to the striking plate 13 on the upper surface of the flat cylinder and the inside of the sound port 12 are in contact with the inside of the sound port 12. The one provided with the sound tube 2 protruding inside has the same effect as that described above.
Therefore, it is conceivable to provide the sound port B (4) or the sliding means for the sound port tube 2 in this manner. Furthermore, by making the hollow solid main body 1 into a cylinder in this way, a more drum-like sound is generated, and it is preferable for application as a percussion instrument that is interesting in design.

  In addition, as an application of the present invention, it is conceivable to generate a chatter sound with a change by providing two bamboo chins in parallel at an appropriate interval on the back side of the hitting surface.

  It is the perspective view which shows Example 1 of the percussion instrument of this invention, and its sectional drawing.   It is the perspective view which shows Example 2 of the percussion instrument of this invention, and its sectional drawing.   It is the perspective view which shows Example 3 of the percussion instrument of this invention, and its sectional drawing.   FIG. 4 is a perspective view taken along arrow X in FIG. 3.   FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 4.   It is a perspective view which shows Example 4 of the percussion instrument of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hollow solid body 11 Front plate 12 Sound port 13 Hitting surface plate 14 Side surface plate 15 Back surface plate 16 Upper surface plate 17 Bottom surface plate 2 Sound port tube 21 Moving knob 22 Slide groove 3 Countersunk screw 4 Sound port B
41 Sound palate 42 Grip string 5 Base 6 Slide rail 7 Fixing screw

Claims (3)

  In a wooden hollow three-dimensional percussion instrument having at least one plate surface, an open sound port is formed on a predetermined surface of the hollow three-dimensional body, and a sound tube that is superposed on the open sound port and protrudes into the hollow solid is attached. A wooden percussion instrument characterized by   2. A wooden percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing of the sound mouth B is formed on a surface in a direction different from a surface on which the sound tube that overlaps with the open sound mouth is attached.   The wooden percussion instrument according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means for sliding the sound pipe that is superposed on the open sound mouth.

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