JP2005229911A - Method for reusing soil of beet field - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the soil of a beet field the reuse of which is said to be difficult, to be reused. <P>SOLUTION: The method for reusing the soil of the beet field comprises (a) preparing the soil 10 of the beet field in a state in which roots 11 and waste 12 of the beets remain, a vegetable residue 13 such as rice bran, an animal residue 14 such as fish waste, and a beet waste water 15, (b) inserting the soil 10 of the beet field, the vegetable residue 13, the animal residue 14 and the beet waste water 15 to a mixer 16, and mixing them sufficiently, (c) transferring the resultant mixture 17 to a proper container 18, inserting fermentative bacteria 19 thereto, and allowing the resultant mixture to stand still for a prescribed time to ferment them, and (d) inserting the fermented product 22 to an incineration installation 20, and evaporating the water content and deadening insect pests and fungi by keeping the fermented product 22 at a temperature not lower than the sterilizing temperature. The obtained product 23 can be reutilized as an organic fertilizer because the product 23 becomes a dried sand-shaped soil, and contains sufficient nutrient. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for reusing beet field soil.

  Beet, also called sugar radish, is a crop that can obtain sugar with sugar millet. The reason is unknown, but after harvesting the beet, pests such as nematodes and undesired fungi propagated in the soil and it was found that rotation was not possible.

Conventionally, chemical sterilization and heat sterilization have been attempted as countermeasures (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP 2001-178348 A (Claim 1) JP 2001-353205 A (Claim 1)

The technique of Patent Document 1 is characterized in that a chemical solution is injected into soil to perform disinfection.
The technique of Patent Document 2 is characterized in that disinfection is performed by baking with a flame while floating the soil in the air.

  Although chemical disinfection and heat disinfection were applied to the beet field, the pests and fungi could not be completely killed. The reason seems to be that beet hair roots and debris remain in the soil, and insects (especially eggs) and fungi invade deeply into them, and surviving insects (eggs) and fungi breed. . Then, it is necessary to remove roots and debris from the soil before disinfection, but the hair roots are fine and difficult to remove completely.

  Therefore, in recent years, disinfecting beet field soil has been abandoned, replacing the top soil of the field with new soil, and discarding old soil in mountainous areas. However, considering the effective use of earth resources, it is necessary to promote the effective use of beet field soil.

  An object of the present invention is to enable reuse of beet field soil, which is said to be difficult to reuse.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a method of making beet field soil containing pests and fungi sterilized after harvesting beet and making it reusable. Adding and mixing plant residues such as rice bran and animal residues such as fish meal, fermentation process adding fermentative bacteria to this mixture and fermenting the obtained fermented product with incineration equipment It is characterized by reusing beet field soil, plant residue and animal residue in the form of organic fertilizer.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a method for making beet field soil containing pests and fungi sterilized after harvesting beet and making it reusable, wherein beet field soil in a state in which beet roots and debris remain is obtained. It consists of the process of decaying the roots and debris by leaving it for several years and the process of incinerating and sterilizing the obtained soil with an incinerator until the moisture content is less than 10% by mass. It is characterized by being reused in the form.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a method of making beet field soil containing pests and fungi sterilized after harvesting beet and making it reusable, wherein beet field soil in a state in which beet roots and debris remain is obtained. It consists of a step of decaying the roots and wastes by leaving for several years and a step of incinerating and sterilizing the obtained soil with an incineration facility so that the moisture content becomes 10% by mass to 30% by mass. It is characterized by being reused as seedbed soil.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 1, it can decompose | disassemble and refine | pulverize by fermenting a beet root and waste, a vegetable residue, and an animal residue in a fermentation process. Next, insects and bacteria that crawl into fine particles can be easily and completely killed by heat treatment.
Since the product is rich in nutrients, it can be used as an organic fertilizer.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 2, the root and waste of a beet | root can be rotted in a long-term rot process, and can be decomposed | disassembled and refined. Next, insects and bacteria that crawl into fine particles can be easily and completely killed by heat treatment.
If the heating time is extended to a moisture content of less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, there will be no worries about the occurrence of soot, so it can be stored in a bag and sprayed on the snow piled up in the field in early spring. Therefore, it can be used effectively as a snow melting agent to promote snow melting. Since it is originally soil, it becomes part of the field soil after snow melting and can be returned to nature.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the root and waste of a beet | root can be rotted in a long-term rot process, and can be decomposed | disassembled and refined. Next, insects and bacteria that crawl into fine particles can be easily and completely killed by heat treatment.
If the moisture content is adjusted to 10% by mass to 30% by mass, preferably 10% by mass to 15% by mass by adjusting the heating time, it can be reduced as soil in the field. Since the heating time can be relatively short, the incineration sterilization process can be shortened, and fuel costs can be saved, thereby reducing production costs. In addition, since the sterilization has been completed, the product can be used for added-value nursery bed soil.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for reusing beet field soil according to the present invention.
In (a), beet field soil 10 with beet root 11 and waste 12 remaining, plant residue 13 such as rice bran, animal residue 14 such as fish meal, and beet waste liquid 15 are prepared.

The plant residue 13 can be of any type as long as it is a plant residue such as rice bran that comes out from a rice mill, rice field, vegetable market, vegetable waste from a food processing plant, or okara from a tofu plant.
The animal residue 14 may be of any kind as long as it is an animal residue such as fish bones, meat, and meat pieces from a meat factory.
The beet waste liquid 15 is a waste liquid that is generated after the sugar content is recovered from the beet juice.

  That is, the beet field soil 10 is a waste, and conventionally, it has been incinerated or landfilled.

In (b), beet field soil 10, plant residue 13, animal residue 14 and beet waste liquid 15 are introduced into mixer 16 and mixed thoroughly.
The beet field soil 10 is mixed at a ratio of 40 to 60% by mass, the vegetable residue 13 at 20 to 40% by mass, the animal residue 14 at 10 to 20% by mass, and the beet waste liquid at a rate of less than 10% by mass. The beet waste liquid 20 can be excluded.

If the vegetable residue 13 is less than 20% by mass, nutrients are insufficient and it becomes difficult to make organic fertilizer. On the other hand, if it exceeds 40% by mass, the amount of treatment of other substances, particularly beet field soil 10, decreases, which is not preferable.
Similarly, if the animal residue 14 is less than 10% by mass, nutrients are insufficient and it becomes difficult to make organic fertilizer. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by mass, the amount of treatment of other substances, particularly beet field soil 10, decreases, which is not preferable.

In (c), the mixture 17 is transferred to an appropriate container 18, and the fermenting bacteria 19 are put therein and allowed to stand for a certain period of time for fermentation. Due to the fermenting action, solids such as beet root 11, waste 12, plant residue 13, animal residue 14 and the like are dissolved to become a liquid material. That is, the fermentation process is carried out until the solid is almost liquid. However, the pests and fungi contained in the beet field soil 10 may survive and grow by fermentation.

  In (d), the fermented product 22 is put into the incineration facility 20 to evaporate the water and to keep the sterilization temperature or higher to kill pests and fungi. Since the obtained product 23 becomes dry sandy soil and contains sufficient nutrients, it can be reused as an organic fertilizer.

  FIG. 2 is an overall view of the incineration facility according to the present invention. The incineration facility 20 includes a flame generating chamber 30, a rotating cylinder 50 that incinerates the incinerated object while rotating, and the incinerated object in the rotating cylinder 50. And a charging conveyor 40 to be charged. Hereinafter, the components will be described in detail.

  3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2, that is, a plan cross-sectional view of the flame generating chamber 30. The flame generating chamber 30 includes a steel housing 31 formed by closing one end of a cylinder, and the steel housing 31. It consists of a refractory material 32 attached to the inner surface, a burner 33 attached to one end of the steel housing 31, and a shroud 34 that encloses the steel housing 31.

  The air necessary for combustion passes between the shroud 34 and the steel housing 31 and reaches the steel housing 31 in the vicinity of the burner 33 and through the air holes 35... Opened in the steel housing 31. In this process, it becomes preheated hot air. At the same time, the shroud 34 does not reach a high temperature because the inner surface is cooled by air. As a result, the surroundings of the flame generating chamber 30 become relatively low temperature, and the working environment is improved.

The present invention is characterized in that a charging conveyor 40 for charging an incinerated object is attached to the outlet 36 of the flame generating chamber 30.
The charging conveyor 40 includes a steel cylinder 41 inserted into the outlet 36 of the flame generating chamber 30, a screw 42 rotatably accommodated in the steel cylinder 41, a sprocket 43 for rotating the screw 42, a chain 44, a sprocket 45 and a motor 46. The steel cylinder 41 is characterized in that it is not subjected to heat-resistant coating even if it is a part exposed to a flame.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary cylinder, outlet hopper and cyclone separator according to the present invention. The rotary cylinder 50 has an S-shaped scraping claw 53 at the inlet 52 of a cylindrical portion 51 made of carbon steel or stainless steel. And a guide plate 54 is simply placed in the cylindrical portion 51 following the scraping claws 53. The guide plate 54 is inclined 20-30 ° with respect to the horizontal. By this inclination, the incinerated object can be moved slowly from the left to the right in the figure.

The scraping claw 53 is a tilling claw mounted on the tiller, specifically, a claw-shaped claw referred to as a claw claw, and mainly has an action of attracting a soil mass into the rotary cylinder 50, that is, a flame generating chamber. It does not return to the exit 36.
The guide plate 54 has a crushing action and a stirring action for lifting the soil accumulated in the bottom and dropping it from a certain height, and a function of gradually moving the soil to the outlet 55 of the rotary cylinder 50.

  As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the cylindrical portion 51 is a cylindrical body that is not lined with a heat insulating material. Since the heat insulating material is not stretched, the cylindrical portion 51 is lightweight and can be rotated with a small torque.

The exit hopper 60 is a simple chamber for receiving and dropping the heat-treated soil.
The cyclone separator 70 includes an introduction pipe 71 for drawing out dust containing fine earth and sand from the upper part of the outlet hopper 60, a blower 72 interposed in the introduction pipe 71, an upright cylindrical part 73, and an upper part of the cylindrical part 73. A filter 74 extending from the ceiling, an exhaust pipe 75 extending from the ceiling, and a cutout opening 76 for cutting out fine earth and sand provided at the bottom of the cylindrical portion 73.

The cyclone separator 70 is a separator that uses centrifugal force and specific gravity difference. The introduction pipe 71 is connected to the tangent line of the cylindrical portion 73, and air containing fine earth and sand and dust is passed through the introduction pipe 71 to the cylindrical portion 73. When the air is blown into the air, the air turns in the cylindrical portion 73 at a high speed. The earth and sand having a large specific gravity collide with the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 73 by centrifugal force and fall along the inner wall. On the other hand, air or dust having a small specific gravity collects in the central portion of the cylindrical portion 73, rises, passes through the filter 74, and then exits through the exhaust pipe 75. Since the exhaust air at this time is after being filtered by the filter 74, it is sufficiently clean.
Thus, the cyclone separator 70 can easily separate solids and gases.

  The exhaust pipe 75 is desirably provided with a bypass type deodorizing mechanism 80 described below. The bypass type deodorizing mechanism 80 includes a first gate valve 81 that shuts off the ventilation of the exhaust pipe 75, a wind extraction pipe 82 branched from the primary side (upstream side) of the first gate valve 81, and the wind extraction pipe 82, a small combustion chamber 84 provided at the tip of the wind extraction pipe 82, a mini bar 85 attached to the small combustion chamber 84, and the first combustion valve 84 from the small combustion chamber 84. It consists of a wind return pipe 86 extending to the secondary side (downstream side) and a third gate valve 87 interposed in the wind return pipe 86.

In normal operation, the second gate valve 83 and the third gate valve 87 are closed, and the mini bar 85 is not ignited and the first gate valve 81 is opened. That is, the bypass type deodorizing mechanism 80 is not used.
However, when odor remains in the exhaust air from the outlet of the exhaust pipe 75, the bypass deodorizer 80 is operated.

The second gate valve 83 and the third gate valve 87 are opened, the mini bar 85 is ignited, and the first gate valve 81 is closed. As a result, the odor-exhausted wind reaches the small combustion chamber 84 where further incineration processing is performed. This will eliminate the odor. The deodorized exhaust air is returned to the exhaust air pipe 75 and released to the atmosphere. It is desirable to place a platinum catalyst in the small combustion chamber 84.
By the primary deodorization by the rotating cylinder 50 and the secondary deodorization by the bypass type deodorization mechanism 80, the deodorization action can be further strengthened.

  The blower 72 is an important device. This is because the air containing the dust is accelerated and converted into a centrifugal force for the cyclone, and the hot gas is guided in the rotating cylinder 50 toward the outlet 55.

  This induction will be described in detail. The hot gas blown out from the outlet 36 of the flame generating chamber flows smoothly through the rotary cylinder 50 by being drawn by the blower 72. If the blower 72 is not present, the hot gas may blow out from the bottom of the outlet hopper 60. In this regard, by forcibly suctioning with the blower 72, the high-temperature gas can flow smoothly toward the outlet 55, and there is no fear that the gas will blow out from the bottom of the outlet hopper 60.

FIG. 5 is another flowchart of the method for reusing beet field soil according to the present invention.
In (a), the beet field soil 10 with beet roots 11 and waste 12 remaining is left for several years to decay the roots 11 and waste 12.
In (b), the roots 11 and the scraps 12 are dissolved in the soil 90 left for several years and do not remain in the form of solids. Instead, pests 91 and fungi grow on the soil 90.

  In (c), the soil 90 containing the pests and fungi is thrown into the incineration facility 20 to evaporate the water, and at the sterilization temperature or higher, the pests and fungi are killed. The obtained product 93 is selectively used depending on the degree of drying.

  In (d), when the drying time is extended and incinerated until the water content becomes less than 10% by mass, preferably less than 5% by mass, the paper bag 94 is packed. The paper bag 94 is stored until the next early spring, and the product 93A is sprayed on the snow covering the field in the early spring.

The product 93A is black or brown sandy soil and has a property of absorbing sunlight well. If the product 93A is sprayed on the snow, melting of the snow can be promoted. Such a substance is called “snow melting spray”.
The snow melting spray agent is stored in a paper bag 94, but if the water content is 10% by mass or more, the paper bag 94 is wet and easily broken. Therefore, drying is performed until the moisture content is less than 10% by mass, preferably less than 5% by mass.

Since the product 93A is soil itself, after exhibiting a snow melting action, the product 93A is assimilated to the field soil and serves as the field soil.
Although the drying cost (incineration cost) increases, according to the present invention, conventionally beet field soil that has been disposed of in landfill can be reused in the form of a snowmelt spray with high added value.

In particular, when the water content is lowered to less than 5% by mass, long-term storage becomes possible. On the other hand, the drying cost increases.
Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the moisture content to less than 10% by mass when the required storage period is short, and to adjust the moisture content to less than 5% by mass when the required storage period is long.

Alternatively, in (e), the drying time is shortened and incineration is performed so that the moisture content is 10% by mass to 30% by mass, preferably 10% by mass to 15% by mass.
Since the slightly wet product 93B is sterile, it can be reused as the seed bed soil 95.
Since the drying time (incineration time) is short, the drying cost can be suppressed. The aseptic product 93B can be used for soil in a kitchen garden or soil in a normal field.

If it is 15-30 mass% of moisture content, it is suitable for the soil used immediately after heat processing. On the other hand, if the soil is stored for a while after the heat treatment, generation of drought is expected. In that case, it is necessary to lower the moisture content to 15% by mass or less.
Therefore, when using the soil, it is desirable to adjust the moisture content to 30% by mass or less, and when storing for a while, it is desirable to adjust the moisture content to 15% by mass or less.

  The incineration equipment used in the incineration process is preferably the incineration equipment shown in the present invention, but any equipment can be used as long as it can heat the incineration object to 850 ° C. or more, preferably about 1200 ° C. Any structure is acceptable.

  The present invention is suitable for a method for reusing beet field soil.

It is a flow figure of the reuse method of the beet field soil concerning the present invention. 1 is an overall view of an incineration facility according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing of the rotary cylinder, exit hopper, and cyclone separator which concern on this invention. It is another flowchart of the reuse method of the beet field soil which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Beet field soil, 11 ... Beet root, 12 ... Beet waste, 13 ... Plant residue, 14 ... Animal residue, 15 ... Beet waste liquid, 17 ... Mixture, 19 ... Fermentation bacteria, 20 ... Incineration equipment, 22 ... Fermented product, 23 ... product, 93A ... product with a moisture content of less than 10% by mass, 93B ... product with a moisture content of 10-30% by mass, 95 ... soil of nursery.

Claims (3)

  After harvesting the beet, it is a method to sterilize the beet field soil containing pests and fungi and make it reusable. It consists of a process of adding animal residues such as waste and mixing, a fermentation process of adding fermentative bacteria to this mixture and fermenting, and a process of incinerating and sterilizing the obtained fermented product in an incineration facility. Recycling method of beet field soil, characterized by recycling organic residue and animal residue in the form of organic fertilizer.   After harvesting the beet, the beet field soil containing pests and fungi is sterilized so that it can be reused. The beet field soil in which beet roots and debris remain is left for several years. It consists of a process of decaying scraps and a process of incinerating and sterilizing the obtained soil with an incineration facility until the moisture content is less than 10% by mass, and the beet field soil is reused in the form of a snowmelt spray. Reuse method of beet field soil. After harvesting the beet, the beet field soil containing pests and fungi is sterilized so that the beet field soil can be reused. It consists of a process of decaying scraps and a process of incinerating and sterilizing the obtained soil with an incineration facility so that the moisture content becomes 10% by mass to 30% by mass, and reusing the beet field soil as a seed bed soil Reuse method of beet field soil characterized by.

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