KR19990043931A - Food waste disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a food waste disposal device capable of fermenting and destroying food waste as a microorganism and removing the generated odor gas.

The apparatus for destroying food according to the present invention comprises: a crushing unit for crushing food waste to a predetermined size; A feeder for feeding the food waste, which is crushed in the crusher, to a reaction unit for destroying the food waste as microorganisms; A reaction part in which the microorganisms act on the food waste supplied from the supply part; And a gas removing unit comprising a heater for removing odors generated in the reaction unit and a plurality of catalyst plates for reacting and removing the heated odor.

Description

Food waste disposal device

More particularly, the present invention relates to a food waste disposal apparatus, and more particularly, to a food waste disposal apparatus that reduces food waste to reduce its volume, sends crushed waste to a reaction unit, decomposes the waste into a known microorganism, And removing the odor by passing through the odor gas removing unit constituted by the plate.

In the past, food waste was used as feed for livestock, but it is difficult to treat the transportation of livestock, and it is not suitable for breeding livestock in large quantities. Because it is not sanitary clean, Because food is sold, food waste is discarded as it is.

Statistically, about 30% or more of the garbage in our country corresponds to food waste. Such food garbage is decomposed to generate bad odor, and the bad bacteria are naturally generated, and bad odor is generated. And the problem of contamination of the water source and the restriction of the establishment of the landfill site continue to be a big problem in society.

Generally, it is very difficult to remove food waste from Korea because it contains a large amount of vegetable fiber, protein, carbohydrate, calcium and moisture. If such food wastes are directly buried, a small amount does not become a big problem, but in a large amount, the extracts generated from food wastes are infiltrated into ground water and a water source and contaminated.

Recently, a method of decomposing and disposing of garbage including food waste by using microorganisms has been proposed. For example, a fermentation apparatus for organic solid waste (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 55-8302, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-33004, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-34030, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-45589, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-42935, etc.), a method or apparatus for converting food waste or organic waste into fertilizer or feed (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 94-12627 Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 94-12628, Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 94-20714, Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 96-4300, Utility Model Publication No. 95-7395, Utility Model Publication No. 95-24804 Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 59-33735, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-162843), a carbonization treatment apparatus for organic waste (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-132008), treatment of garbage including food Device (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-132004, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-57458, No. 8-57459, etc.), an apparatus and a method for burning food waste, etc., are known.

However, although the above-mentioned inventions have some effect in reducing food waste, food waste must be fermented in the reaction part as it is without pulverizing or crushing the food waste. Therefore, the processing device must be increased, the reaction area is short, It takes a long time in the part, so it can not be treated and it is discharged as it is.

In addition, various kinds of gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfurous acid gas and hydrogen sulfide which are generated when the microorganisms react with the garbage are generated, which makes it difficult to actually use them in home schools, public places and hospitals.

Among these problems, an organic fermenting apparatus having a deodorizing device or a deodorizing device for an organic fermenter has been proposed in order to solve odor (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 94-22660, Utility Model Publication No. 94-24805, No. 95-30392, etc.). These devices can not completely remove odors in practice, and their effects are deteriorated over time, making it difficult to actually use them.

That is, in the deodorizing device of Utility Model No. 94-22660, a deodorization cabinet is arranged on the upper surface of the organic material fermenter, the deodorization cabinet is divided into upper and lower parts by diaphragms and an exhaust port is provided on the upper part. A bottom plate is provided with soil microbial pellets and a phytomus in order on the upper side thereof, and in the lower compartment, a tuyere connected to the exhaust port is provided on the upper surface of the fermenter cabinet, and a blowing pipe is connected to the outlet of the tuyere, The odor component of the organic waste including food is composed of ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and a small amount of sulfurous acid gas. Most of these components are composed of water Because it is light, only a part of the gas is removed from the water surface, Deodorizing effect, because one does not even hardly to remove soil microbial pellet or Pitot moose above the upper plate, vented air mimihayeo There is not successful for practical use.

In addition, Practical Application Publication No. 94-24803 discloses that odor is removed by injecting ozone into a fermenter. However, it is not preferable to remove odor by ozone, and there is a fear that the microorganism itself may be killed.

In Utility Model No. 94-24805, it is described that the fermentation vessel is deodorized by natural convection, but the inside of the fermentation vessel may be deodorized to some extent, but it can not be said to be a deodorization type fermentation vessel because odor comes out from the fermentation vessel.

Of the above-mentioned fermenter and its methods, the food or the food or the food of the country is not suitable for the fertilizer or the feed because it contains a large amount of salt. When these fertilizers are used in crops, they cause problems in the crop itself, but there is a high possibility of salinization of the soil and degradation. In order to solve this problem, it is impossible to use salt in the food, and it is impossible to remove the salt in the food. In addition, when food waste is used as food for food, the food waste is spoiled and the pathogenic bacteria are naturally grown. Therefore, if the feedstuffs are directly fed without removing these pathogenic bacteria, the pathogens are transmitted to the livestock as they are.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 8-132008 discloses an apparatus for carbonizing organic wastes. Since the moisture of organic wastes is evaporated and carbonized to be greatly reduced, disposal is facilitated and can be applied to organic wastes However, since the apparatus is expensive, the operation cost is large, and it is suitable for reducing the amount of waste, it is not intended to decompose and dispose of the waste itself, It is not suitable for disposal of garbage.

Therefore, the emergence of a device that solves the above problems is strongly desired.

Accordingly, the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the present inventors have found that there is a disadvantage in that a disruption unit that breaks food waste and minimizes its volume, a reaction unit that decomposes and extinguishes food waste by reacting the food waste with microorganisms, As a result of treating food waste using a device composed of a heater for removing gas containing odors and a malodor gas removal unit (hereinafter, simply referred to as a gas removal unit) composed of a plurality of platinum catalyst plates, the food waste is remarkably treated And it is possible to remove odorous gas generated at the same time, and the present invention has been completed.

1 is a front view of the food waste disposal apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention as viewed from the side.

3 is a side view of the crusher of the crushing section of the annihilation device of the present invention.

4 is a side view of the rolling gear of the crushing part of the annihilation device of the present invention.

5 is an assembled view of a crusher and a rolling gear of the crushing unit of the incineration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6A is a schematic view of a gas removing unit for removing gas discharged from a reaction tank of the incineration apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a plan view of a white catalyst plate.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a trap for removing gas discharged from a reaction part according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Description of the Related Art

1: crushing part, 2: feeding part, 3: reaction part,

5: bad odor gas removed, 12: hopper,

14, 15: drive, driven crusher, 21: screw conveyor,

31: Reactor, 34, 34 ', 34 ":: stirrer,

51: heater, 52: platinum catalyst plate

In order to achieve this, a food waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a crushing unit for finely crushing particles of food waste so that microorganisms can act on the food waste;

A feeder for feeding the food waste particles crashed in the crushing device to the reaction tank;

A reaction unit for administering microorganisms to the food waste disposal material supplied by the supply unit and decomposing and destroying the food waste by the action of the microorganisms;

A plurality of catalyst plates for transferring the malodorous gas generated in the reaction unit to remove the gas by contact reaction between the heater and the heated gas;

.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are a cross-sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of a food-annihilation device according to the present invention, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a crushing section. First, the crushing section 1 will be described. In the crushing section (1), the food waste is crushed to reduce the volume of the food waste and transferred to the reaction section (3). A lid 11 for opening and closing is attached to an upper end of the crushing section 1. A hopper 12 is disposed under the lid 11. [ A sensor 13 is attached to an intermediate portion or a lower end portion of the side surface of the hopper 12. The sensor 13 senses whether or not the food waste has been put in, and the drive means 17 is operated only when the waste is in the hopper. As shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, a plurality of drive crushing gears 14, a driven crushing gear 15, a rolling gear 16, and a blade (not shown) are disposed below the hopper 12, (18). The drive crusher and the driven crusher have the same shapes, and the rolling gear has a shape of a gear having a height of about 1 mm, a bore diameter of about -2 mm and an outer diameter of about -1 mm as shown in Fig. 4 . 5 shows a state in which the plurality of crusher and the plurality of rolling gears are assembled. In Fig. 3, the crusher is engaged with the crusher so as to rotate by the driving unit 17, and the food waste is dragged in the rotating direction To form a plurality of teeth.

The driven crusher 15 is formed by forming teeth so as to crumble the food garbage while rotating in opposite directions to engage with the plurality of teeth formed in the drive crusher 14. [

The feeder 2 for feeding the crushed waste is composed of a screw conveyor 21 and a shaft 22. This supply unit 2 is provided on the lower side of the crushing unit 1 and is provided on the shaft 21 driven together with the drive and driven crushing machines 14 and 15 of the crushing unit 1. The supply unit 2 supplies the food waste that has been crushed in the crushing unit 1 to the reaction unit 3 in which the microorganisms are present as shown in FIG.

The reaction part 3 is provided with a reaction tank for feeding the shredded food waste supplied by the screw conveyor 21 of the supply part 2 and a reaction tank for easily decomposing and extinguishing the food waste by actively decomposing the microorganism 1, a reaction vessel 31, an opening and closing lid 32 at the upper end of the reaction vessel, a plurality of stirrers 34, 34 ', 34 "provided on the same shaft 33, ....., A driving means 35 for driving the shaft 32, and an outlet 36. [

The reaction tank 31 is provided with a plurality of stirrers 34, 34 ', 34' 'so that the shredded food waste and the microorganism are easily mixed for the fermentation reaction. In this stirrer, 37, 37 ' ' ' ' ' ' The inner surface of the reaction vessel 31 is preferably a right angle, and the angle of attachment is arbitrarily set so that the amount of the food waste in the reaction vessel 31 As shown in FIG.

The microorganism used herein can be a microorganism known in the art. Conventionally, aerobic bacteria have been used as the microorganisms, and air has been injected while continuously stirring the object to be treated in the reaction tank. However, the portion not in contact with air does not cause degradation reaction or fermentation reaction by microorganisms, Since some of the garbage easily reacts with anaerobic microorganisms, recently aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms have been used in combination (eg, OK bacteria, Z bacteria, biochips, etc.). When food waste is treated using such microorganisms, it is reduced to about 1/10 to 1/50 within about 24 hours, and to 1/100 after 36 hours, depending on conditions. In addition, since the microorganisms continue to proliferate, once they are added to the digestion tank, they can survive for about one year. While observing the reaction state of the microorganisms, it is possible to continuously treat the food waste by feeding an appropriate amount of microorganisms.

In the reaction tank (31), garbage reacts with microorganisms and its amount decreases, and a large amount of gas is generated. The generated gas is sent out from the discharge port 36 to the deodorizing tank 43 by a blowing motor 42 for forcibly transferring the gas to the removable first filter 41 and then connected to the deodorizing tank 43 The impurities are filtered by the second filter 44 through the transfer pipe 40 and then transferred to the gas remover 5. The gas removing unit 5 comprises a heater unit 51 and a catalytic unit 52 for heating the gas. The heater unit 51 includes a heat line 511 for heating the internal temperature to about 250 to 300 ° C and a ceramic jacket 512 for maintaining heat. The catalyst unit 52 includes a platinum catalyst plate 521, Which is supported by filling the catalytic plate 521 with glass fiber or the like 522 and is constituted by the heater unit 51 and the outer vessel 53 which supports the catalytic unit 52, Is firstly filtered by the first filter 41 and then filtered again by the second filter 44 and then decomposed by the incinerator in the heating heater unit 51 shown in FIG. The odor gas is adsorbed or decomposed to be removed, and the heat and purified gas are discharged through the communication pipe 54. [0051] 6 shows a plan view of the platinum catalyst plate.

The exhaust gas containing moisture is once rectified in the deodorizing tank 43 so that the moisture remains in the lower portion of the deodorizing tank and the gas is removed from the second and third filters 41, And is sent to the gas removing unit 5 through the filter 44. All of the filters are constructed so as to be detachable so as to be easily replaced after a certain period of processing.

Further, the heat discharged through the communication pipe 54 can be reused. For example, when the discharged heat is connected to the deodorizing cylinder 43 to remove moisture, the energy of the heater unit 51 is saved by raising the temperature of the gas, or when the moisture of the food waste in the reaction unit is excessively large Can be used to remove moisture. Such a configuration is included in a modification of the present invention using a known technique.

As a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the gas discharged from the reaction part 3 through the first filter 41 is supplied to the traps 61, 62, 63 before or after the blowing motor. . It is possible to configure only one trap, but it is preferable to arrange a plurality of traps. This trap contains a medium such as water, alkali, or acid. A transfer pipe 40 and a discharge pipe 40 'are connected to the upper part of the traps 61, 62, 63, .... from the blowing motor, and inlet ports 611 621 and 631 are formed in the upper and lower ends thereof and discharge valves V and V 'for discharging the medium are connected to the drain pipe 64 The gas discharged from the reaction part can be removed from the medium while passing through the trap, that is, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc., which are the main components of the exhaust gas, are easily dissolved in water, If the rate is sufficient, the gas that has passed through the trap is discharged, and if the odor component remains, the passing gas may be transferred to the gas removal unit and removed as described above. Here, the aqueous medium means water or an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide An aqueous alkaline solution, and an aqueous acid solution such as sulfuric acid. (V ') (V ") ..... is discharged through the drain pipe 64 after a certain period of time because the soluble component dissolves while passing through the discharge gas, and the new medium Through inlet ports 611, 621 and 631, respectively.

When food waste is dispensed to the hopper 12 of the crushing unit 1 in order to treat food with the food processing apparatus constructed as described above, the crushing drive means 17 sensed by the sensor 13 operates to drive and / The driven crusher and the rolling gears 15 and 16 are rotated as shown in Fig. 1, and the food waste is broken into small particles.

These food waste particles are supplied to the reaction tank 31 of the reaction part 3 as the screw conveyor 21 of the supply part 2 rotates and as the agitator 34, 34 ', 34 " It mixes with microorganisms and reacts with microorganisms, resulting in a remarkable decrease in the volume of the gas, resulting in the generation of gas.

The gas is transferred to the transfer pipe 40 through the discharge pipe 36 of the reaction part and is sent to the gas remover 5 by the blower motor 42 installed in the middle of the transfer pipe. In this gas, the heater 51 disposed at the lower portion of the gas remover 5 is heated to about 250 to 300 ° C., and the upper portion of the heater 51 is provided with a plurality of platinum catalysts The plate 522 is maintained at a temperature which is higher than the heating heater 51 by about 20 to 30 占 폚. When the gas enters the gas removing unit 5, the gas is primarily incinerated and decomposed in the heater unit 51. The gas passing through the heater unit 51 passes through the platinum catalyst plate 52 and the gas is adsorbed or decomposed Removed, and then discharged through the outlet. At this time, the discharged gas does not smell at all. Therefore, the present apparatus can be installed indoors.

On the other hand, in the case where the trap shown in the second embodiment is provided, before the gas discharged through the discharge pipe 36 of the reaction part 1 reaches the gas remover 5, the trap 61 (62 ) (63) ....., the water-soluble, alkali-soluble and acid-soluble components are removed. The gas passing through the trap is transferred to the gas removing unit 5 to remove the gas again as described above, or to discharge the gas as it is.

As described above, the food waste disinfection apparatus according to the present invention disrupts food in the crushing section, reacts the crushed material with the microorganisms in the reaction section, passes the generated odor gas through the bad odor gas removing section to remove the offensive gas The present invention is useful for disposing of garbage because the garbage can be destroyed by decomposing action of microorganisms and the odor gas generated at this time can be almost completely removed.

Claims (9)

A crushing section for crushing food waste; A feeder for feeding the food waste particles crushed in the crushing unit to a reaction unit in which microorganisms are present; A reaction unit for applying microorganisms to the food waste particles supplied by the supply unit and decomposing and destroying the food waste by the action of the microorganisms; An odor gas removing unit for removing odor gas generated in the reaction unit; A device for disposing food waste. The drive shredder according to claim 1, wherein the crushing portion is configured to rotate by driving means, and the drive crusher has a plurality of teeth arranged to draw the food waste in the rotating direction; And a driven crusher for crushing the food garbage while rotating in opposite directions to engage with the plurality of teeth of the drive crusher. The food wastes extinction device according to claim 1, wherein the supply part comprises a screw conveyor installed at one side of the crushing device and driven together with the crushing part so as to transfer the food waste particles crushed at the crushing part to the reaction part. The food waste according to claim 1, wherein the reaction unit is provided with a stirrer for dispensing the microorganisms to the food waste particles transferred through the supply unit and uniformly mixing the microorganisms, and the stirrer is driven together with the crushing unit Extinguishing device. The food waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the malodor gas removing unit connected to the malodor gas discharge pipe of the reaction unit through the transfer pipe comprises a heater and a platinum catalyst plate. The food wastes extinction device according to claim 1, wherein the generated offensive odor gas removing part of the reaction part is a medium soluble trap. The food wastes extinction device according to claim 1, claim 5, or claim 6, wherein a blowing motor is installed in a transfer pipe connected to the generated malodor gas outlet of the reaction part. The food wastes extinction device according to claim 5, wherein a medium-soluble trap is provided between the transfer pipe connecting the outlet of the generated odor gas to the outlet of the reaction section. The food wastes extinction device according to claim 5 or 8, wherein the medium is one or more selected from the group consisting of water, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.