JP2005187091A - Attachment of forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attachment of a forklift capable of easily removing an apparatus for an automobile attached to the bottom section of the automobile by rotating and holding a fork from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position. <P>SOLUTION: The attachment 5 comprises a lifting body 8 liftably supported by a mast 3, the fork 13 which separates forward from the lower part of the lifting body and supports the automobile C, and a vertical finger bar 14 for locking and holding the fork. A hinge 15 is interposed between the lower part of the lifting body and the finger bar, a hydraulic cylinder 16 for rotating the fork from the substantially horizontal position to the substantially vertical position via a hinge is constituted so that its upper end is connected to the upper part of the lifting body and its lower end is connected to a support piece 32 connected to the finger bar. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an attachment for a forklift that lifts and holds a scrapped automobile in a vertical direction.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when dismantling a disused automobile, an operation for removing automobile equipment such as a transmission and a differential gear device attached to the bottom surface of the automobile is performed. As a device for performing this work, there is a swing-up device that lifts and holds an automobile obliquely. That is, the upper end portion of the frame is supported so as to be movable up and down along the vertical guide member, and a link is connected to the upper and lower intermediate portion of the frame and the lower portion of the vertical guide member, and the cylinder extends across the link and the vertical guide member. When the cylinder is retracted and operated, the support member is in a substantially horizontal posture, and when the cylinder is extended and operated, the support member is in an obliquely upward posture and the automobile on the support member is connected to the lower part of the frame. A swing-up device is known in which the lower surface is lifted and held obliquely with the vertical direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-157792 (paragraph numbers 0006 and 0018, FIGS. 1 to 4)

  However, the swing-up device described in Patent Document 1 is to hold the vehicle in a state where the bottom surface of the automobile is lifted obliquely. Therefore, when the worker removes the automobile equipment attached to the bottom surface of the automobile, it may be necessary to work in a posture with the head facing upward, making it difficult to see and difficult to remove. In addition, the structure is complicated.

  Patent Document 1 does not describe a lock pin that rotates the fork from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position or prevents the fork from rotating downward.

  In view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention provides an attachment for a forklift that can easily remove an automobile device attached to the bottom surface of the automobile by rotating and holding the fork from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position. The purpose is to provide.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the attachment of the forklift is supported by the mast so that it can be moved up and down, the fork that moves forward from the lower part of the lift and supports the automobile, and the upper and lower for engaging and holding the fork. A hydraulic cylinder that includes a finger bar and has a hinge interposed between a lower portion of the lifting body and the finger bar, and rotates the fork from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position via the hinge. The lower end is connected to the support piece connected to the finger bar at the upper part of the lifting body.

  By doing so, the fork substantially in contact with the ground is lifted together with the lifting body by the operation of the mast, and the fork at a substantially horizontal position is inserted into the automobile. Subsequently, the hinge is rotated by extending the hydraulic cylinder, and the fork is rotated upward together with the upper and lower finger bars. Furthermore, the fork is rotated to a substantially vertical position by extending the hydraulic cylinder by a full stroke, and the automobile is held in a substantially vertical state.

  Therefore, the dismantling operator can easily remove the automotive device in a substantially vertical state (vertical orientation) from the automobile without tilting his head upward.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the hinge is provided with a fixing piece that rotatably supports the horizontal axis, and a clamping piece that rotates with the horizontal axis on the left and right sides of the fixing piece. A lock pin connected to the lower portion of the lifting body and having a front end portion formed in a substantially vertical plane and preventing the fork from rotating downward when the fork is in a substantially vertical position, It is desirable that the holding piece is detachably provided so as to contact the vertical surface.

  In this way, by providing the lock pin on the holding piece of the hinge, the rotation of the holding piece is locked, so that the fork can be prevented from rotating downward from the substantially vertical position. Therefore, the fork can be securely held in a substantially vertical position with a simple structure.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a guard is provided in front of the elevating body, and when the lock pin is extracted from the clamping piece, the lock pin is stored in a holder provided on the guard. It is desirable that

  In this way, the lock pin is removed from the holding piece and stored in the holder, thereby eliminating the possibility of loss.

  In the present invention, the fork in the lower part of the lifting body supported by the mast so as to be movable up and down is provided so as to be rotatable from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position, so that the vehicle is held in a substantially vertical state with a simple structure. can do.

  Therefore, the dismantling worker can easily see the bottom surface of the vehicle in a substantially vertical state (vertical orientation) without tilting his head upward, and can easily remove the vehicle equipment, reducing the worker's fatigue and working time. Can be shortened.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention. A forklift 1 is provided with masts 3 tilted forward and backward via a tilt cylinder 4 on the left and right of a front portion of a vehicle 2 and an attachment 5 is attached to the mast 3. I have.

  That is, the mast 3 has an outer mast 6 and an inner mast 7 guided so as to be movable up and down along the outer mast, and the inner mast supports the lifting body 8 of the attachment 5 so as to be movable up and down. That is, the elevating body 8 is connected to the upper end portion of the outer mast 6 by a chain 10 hung through a sheave (pulley) 9 provided at the rear portion of the inner mast 7 and is guided along the inner mast 7. Is provided. A lift cylinder 12 is provided on the rear side of the outer mast 6, and its piston rod 12 a is connected to the upper part of the inner mast 7.

  Next, the attachment 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 2 (a) is a front view taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1, and shows a partially cut state. FIG. 2 (b) is a view taken along the arrow BB in FIG. 2 (a). 2 (c) is a view taken along the line CC in FIG. 2 (a), and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the direction DD in FIG. 2 (a). The rotation state of the fork is indicated by an arrow.

  The attachment 5 includes an elevating body 8, a pair of left and right forks 13 that are separated from the lower part of the elevating body to support the automobile C, a finger bar 14 that engages and holds the forks, and a finger bar and the elevating body 8. A pair of left and right hinges 15 interposed between the lower part and a hydraulic cylinder 16 for rotating the fork constitute the main part.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 3, the elevating body 8 is provided with a plate-shaped vertical member 17 symmetrically with the center (Y-Y line) of the forklift 1 separated left and right, and the upper and lower ends thereof being upper. The cross member 18 and the lower cross member 19 are connected to each other to form a substantially vertical frame shape. A plurality of the above-described guide rollers 11 are provided on the outer side of the vertical member 17, and the elevating body is guided so as to be movable up and down along the groove of the inner mast 7 (FIG. 1). Therefore, the width W of the elevating body 8 is set to a length that allows the left and right guide rollers 11 to contact the grooves of the left and right inner masts 7, and the height H can be provided with the hydraulic cylinder 16 and the hinge 15. It is set to a long length.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5A, the short piece 21 is symmetrical to the lower end portions of the left and right vertical members 17 in order to provide a fixing piece 20 of the hinge 15 described later in the lower part of the elevating body 8. The lower end of the vertical member 17 is integrally formed with a protruding portion 17a that is the same height as the short piece 21 and is wider than the width V1 by the width V2.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 3, the pair of left and right forks 13 integrally form a vertical piece 13a and a horizontal piece 13b in an L shape, and the rear surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the vertical piece 13a. The upper engagement piece 22 and the lower engagement piece 23 that are engaged with the upper finger bar 14a and the lower finger bar 14b of the finger bar 14 are fixed. Further, a holding metal fitting 24 for engaging and holding the fork 13 with the upper finger bar 14a is screwed to the upper end portion of the vertical piece 13a so that the fork 13 can move in the left-right direction.

  The finger bar 14 is formed by vertically separating an upper finger bar 14a and a lower finger bar 14b and connecting left and right ends with vertical members 25, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2B, a V-shaped engagement groove 26 into which the upper engagement piece 22 of the fork fits is formed on the upper end surface of the upper finger bar 14a, and a fork is formed on the lower end surface of the lower finger bar 14b. Downward engaging grooves 27 into which the lower engaging pieces 23 are inserted are provided in the left-right direction. The width of the finger bar 14 is set to a length that allows the fork 13 to support the automobile C.

  Next, a pair of left and right hinges 15 interposed between the lower part of the lifting body 8 and the finger bar 14 can rotate the fork 13 from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position.

  Here, the substantially horizontal position and the substantially vertical position mean that when the mast 3 has a mast lifting height of 3 m from the vertical position, the mast 3 tilts in the range of 6 degrees forward and 12 degrees backward. Since 13b is also tilted, the abbreviation is given before the term indicating the position.

The hinge 15 forms a horizontal shaft 28, one fixed piece 20 that rotatably supports the horizontal axis, and the other clamping piece 29 that rotates with the horizontal shaft 28 on the left and right of the fixed piece. One fixing piece 20 is a horizontally long and substantially rectangular shape, and a lower part of the front end is formed into a substantially vertical surface 20a. A curved surface R is continuously provided from the substantially vertical surface to the upper corner, as shown in FIG. 5 (a). Further, a rear end portion is fixed to the short piece 21 and the projecting portion 17a of the elevating body 8, and a support hole 28a for rotatably supporting the horizontal shaft 28 is formed in the front side. (The fixed piece 20 is indicated by diagonal lines)
The other clamping piece 29 is provided on the left and right sides, has a substantially triangular shape, the front end surface 29a is flush with the back of the vertical piece 13a of the fork, and the upper and lower end portions are notched portions that contact the upper finger bar 14a and the lower finger bar 14b. 29b and 29c are formed, and are respectively fixed to the upper finger bar 14a and the lower finger bar 14b. Further, a through-hole 28b of the horizontal shaft 28 is formed on the rear side, and as shown in FIG. 5A, one fixing piece 20 is sandwiched between the other left and right clamping pieces 29, and the horizontal shaft 28 is It inserts in the through-hole 28b and the support hole 28a. The horizontal shaft 28 is provided with a head portion 28c having a diameter larger than the shaft diameter at one end portion, and a notch 28d into which the rotation stopper plate 30 is inserted at the other end portion. Accordingly, the left and right clamping pieces 29 are formed so as to rotate together with the horizontal axis by inserting the rotation stopper plate 30 and fastening the bolts 31 to the side surfaces of the clamping piece 29 at two upper and lower positions. As shown in FIG. 3, the right and left clamping pieces are respectively provided with lock pin insertion holes 36a, which will be described later, at positions spaced downward on the same vertical line as the center of the horizontal shaft 28.

  The hydraulic cylinder 16 for rotating the fork 13 from the substantially horizontal position to the substantially vertical position via these hinges 15 is provided at the center Y of the elevating body 8 as shown in FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), and FIG. It is located on the -Y line (the center of the forklift) and can be rotated via upper pins 33 to the left and right brackets 32 whose upper ends protrude downward from the upper cross member 18 of the elevating body 8. It is installed. The lower end of the piston rod 16a is rotatably attached to the left and right support pieces 32 projecting diagonally upward from the upper and lower finger bars 14a, 14b via the lower pins 34. The upper pin 33 and the lower pin 34 are provided with a rotation stopper plate 30 similar to that of the horizontal shaft 28 described above to prevent rotation. Each of the left and right support pieces 32 has a substantially triangular shape, the front end surface 32a is flush with the back surface of the vertical piece 13a of the fork, and the upper and lower end portions are notched portions 32b contacting the upper finger bar 14a and the lower finger bar 14b, 32c is formed and fixed to the upper finger bar 14a and the lower finger bar 14b, respectively.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 3, the guard 35 provided separately in front of the lifting body 8 is provided with cross-section box-shaped lateral members 35a and 35b at the upper and lower ends. A plurality of box-shaped vertical members 35c for connecting the vertical members 35 are provided at appropriate intervals in the left-right direction, and plate-like cross members 35d and 35e for connecting the vertical members 35c are arranged vertically to form a substantially lattice shape. . Further, the guard 35 is connected to the left and right vertical members 17 of the elevating body 8 through a plurality of connecting members 35f.

  Now, in order to prevent the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 16 from decreasing and rotating the fork downward while the fork 13 is used in a substantially vertical position, the lock pin 36 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is used. Is used.

  Here, FIG. 4 (a) is a partial front view as viewed in the direction of arrows EE in FIG. 3, and shows a state in which the fork is in a substantially vertical position with a solid line, and mainly shows the right side from the center YY of the forklift. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF in FIG. 4A, FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG. 4A, and FIG. 5B is a side view of the retaining pin. Respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 4B and 5A, when the piston rod 16a of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is fully extended (full stroke), the horizontal piece 13b of the fork is in a substantially vertical position (the vertical piece 13a is in a substantially horizontal position). Thus, the lock pin insertion hole 36a formed in the left and right clamping pieces 29 of the hinge 15 has moved to a position away from the front on the same horizontal line as the center of the horizontal shaft 28. In the present embodiment, the insertion hole 36a is a perfect circle, and the contact P on the horizontal line passing through the center of the insertion hole 36a is positioned on the substantially vertical surface 20a of the fixed piece 20 of the hinge. Inserted into the insertion hole 36a, the lock pin comes into contact with the substantially vertical surface 20a of the fixed piece, and the rotation of the left and right clamping pieces 29 is locked, and the fork 13 can be prevented from rotating downward. The lock pin 36 is attachable to and detachable from the insertion holes 36a of the right and left clamping pieces 29, and has a handle ring 37 formed at one end thereof and fixed to the head, and is brought into contact with the side surface of the clamping piece 29 on one side. The contacting flange 36b is connected to the head, and an intermediate portion 36c through which the left and right holding pieces 29 are inserted has the same diameter, and a step portion 36d having a smaller diameter than the intermediate portion 36c is formed on the outside from the side surface of the other holding piece 29. ing. Further, an insertion hole 36e is formed in the step portion 36d so that a retaining pin 38 is inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the retaining pin 38 forms a handle ring 38a and is provided on the head 38c of the pin main body 38b. The pin body 38b has a diameter and a length that can be inserted into the insertion hole 36e.

  Furthermore, a holder 39 for storing after the lock pin 36 is removed includes a cylindrical receiving portion 39a into which an intermediate portion 36c of the lock pin can be inserted, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c), The leg part 39b connected to the receiving part is formed, and the end part of the leg part is fixed to the back surface of the vertical member 35c of the guard.

  Next, the action | operation of the attachment 5 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated based on FIGS.

  When the piston rod 12a of the lift cylinder 12 starts to extend upward, the inner mast 7 starts to rise, and at the same time, the elevating body 8 starts to rise along the groove of the inner mast while being guided by the guide roller 11. As a result, the substantially grounded fork 13 rises to the height of the insertion port of the grounded automobile C, so that the fork 13 is temporarily suspended and the horizontal piece 13b of the fork at a substantially horizontal position is inserted into the insertion port. Subsequently, by extending the piston rod 16 a of the hydraulic cylinder 16 downward, the left and right support pieces 32 fixed to the finger bar 14 are pushed, and the left and right holding pieces 29 of the hinge 15 together with the horizontal shaft 28 are fixed pieces 20. It rotates around the support hole 28a. As a result, the fork 13 engaged and held by the finger bar 14 rotates upward. Further, by extending the piston rod 16a by a full stroke, the horizontal piece 13b of the fork 13 is rotated to a substantially vertical position, and the automobile C is held in a substantially vertical state.

  When the horizontal piece 13b of the fork 13 is in a substantially vertical position, the fork 13 is taken out from the holder 39 storing the lock pin 36, and is drilled in the left and right holding pieces 29 of the right hinge 15 when viewed from the front to the back. The lock pin 36 comes into contact with the substantially vertical surface 20a of the fixed piece 20 by being inserted into the insertion hole 36a. Therefore, since the rotation of the clamping piece 29 is locked, the fork 13 can be prevented from rotating downward from the substantially vertical position. In addition, the dismantling operator can easily remove the automobile device C ′ from the bottom surface of the automobile in a substantially vertical state.

  After these dismantling operations are completed, the lock pin 36 is removed from the left and right clamping pieces 29 and stored in the holder 39, and then the piston rod 16a of the hydraulic cylinder is contracted, so that the fork 13 is substantially horizontal by the reverse operation. Return to position.

In addition to the above, the forklift attachment 5 according to the present invention may be implemented as follows.
(1) The lock pin 36 is applied to the right hinge 15 as viewed from the front to the back, but may be applied to the left or right and left hinges.
(2) The cross-sectional shape of the lock pin is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a polygonal cross-section.

1 shows a schematic side view of a forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A is a front view taken along the arrow AA in FIG. 1 and shows a partially cut state. FIG. 2B is a view taken along the arrow B-B in FIG. ) Shows the CC arrow view of FIG. The DD direction arrow line view of Fig.2 (a) is shown. 4 (a) is a partial front view of the arrow direction EE in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 (b) is a view of the arrow direction FF in FIG. 4 (a). 5A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG of FIG. 4A, and FIG. 5B is a side view of the retaining pin.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Forklift 3 Mast 5 Attachment 8 Lifting body 13 Fork 14 Finger bar 15 Hinge 16 Hydraulic cylinder 20 Fixed piece 20a The substantially vertical surface of the fixed piece 28 Horizontal axis 29 Clamping piece 32 Support piece 35 Guard 36 Lock pin 39 Holder C Automobile

Claims (3)

  A lifting body supported by the mast so as to be movable up and down; a fork that is spaced forward from a lower portion of the lifting body to support the automobile; and upper and lower finger bars that engage and hold the fork; and a lower portion of the lifting body A hydraulic cylinder that rotates the fork from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position via the hinge, the upper end is at the upper part of the elevator and the lower end is the finger bar. A forklift attachment, characterized in that it is connected to support pieces that are connected to each other.   The hinge is provided with a fixed piece that rotatably supports the horizontal axis, and a clamping piece that rotates with the horizontal axis on the left and right sides of the fixed piece, and a rear end portion of the fixed piece is connected to a lower portion of the lifting body. The front end is formed in a substantially vertical surface, and when the fork is in a substantially vertical position, a lock pin that prevents the fork from rotating downward is held so as to abut on the substantially vertical surface of the fixed piece. The attachment for a forklift according to claim 1, wherein the attachment is detachably attached to the piece.   The guard is provided in front of the elevating body, and the lock pin is stored in a holder provided on the guard when the lock pin is removed from the clamping piece. The forklift attachment according to 1 or 2.

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