JP2005171764A - Fluid pressure motor and transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid pressure motor and a transmission, in which a shaft can be easily exchanged. <P>SOLUTION: The fluid pressure motor and the transmission are provided with a case 1 capable of storing fluid, a movable swash plate axial piston pump 2 to be rotatably placed in contact with and project an input shaft 12 with the case 1, a swash axial piston cylinder 3 having a rotation cylinder 4 rotatably and closely penetrating the case 1, having a plurality of cylinders 35 installed around the rotation cylinder 4 from the case 1, and rotating the rotation cylinder 4 by inputting pressure fluid from a pump 2 into the cylinders 35, and an output shaft 10 inserted in the rotation cylinder 4. A clearance 70 is provided between the rotation cylinder 4 and the output shaft 10. The output shaft 10 is supported by two-point mounting on the rotation cylinder 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid pressure motor such as a hydraulic motor and a transmission.

Conventionally, a hydraulic pressure transmission (HST: HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSON) or a hydraulic motor projects an output shaft having a connecting portion such as an involute spline for connecting to a cylinder device to the outside from a case filled with oil, and a gap between the case and the output shaft Was appropriately provided with an oil seal or the like to prevent oil leakage (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-4-269384

  However, when replacing the output shaft, the case had to be drained and the case disassembled so that the output shaft could be replaced. In addition, since the case and its internal structure cannot be used in common and various output shafts cannot be used, it is necessary to specialize and design the hydraulic device or connect to various output shafts via separate couplings. There was a need to do.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid pressure motor and a transmission that can easily exchange shafts.

  The fluid pressure motor according to the present invention includes a case that can store fluid, a rotating cylinder that rotatably and closely passes through the case, and a pump that is provided in the case and pumps the fluid by a pump. Rotation driving means for rotationally driving, and an output shaft inserted into the rotating cylinder.

  In the above configuration, the rotation driving means includes a fixed swash plate penetrating the rotary cylinder and a plurality of cylinders attached around the rotary cylinder, and a tip of a piston of the cylinder is the fixed swash plate And a swash plate type axial piston cylinder device that rotates the rotating cylinder by sliding the fluid into the cylinder and pumping the fluid to the cylinder.

  A transmission according to the present invention includes a case capable of storing fluid, a movable swash plate type axial piston pump in which an input shaft protrudes in close contact with the case, and a rotating cylindrical body in close contact with and through the case. A swash plate type axial piston cylinder device which has a plurality of cylinders provided around the rotating cylinder in the case and inputs the pressure fluid from the pump to the cylinder to rotate the rotating cylinder; And an output shaft inserted into the rotating cylinder.

  In the above configuration, a gap is provided between the rotating cylinder and the output shaft, and the output shaft is supported by the rotating cylinder at two points.

  In the fluid pressure motor and the transmission according to the present invention, even if the output shaft is removed from the rotating cylinder, the output shaft is replaced without disassembling the case because the case filled with fluid is blocked by the rotating cylinder. be able to. For this reason, the fluid pressure motor body and the transmission body are versatile, and the length and shape of the output shaft can be used for a common case. The output shaft can be easily replaced and repaired on site. It is also possible to do.

  Further, if there is a gap between the rotating cylinder and the output shaft, and the output shaft is supported at two points on the rotating cylinder, even if the output shaft is subjected to impact external force such as a vehicle shaft, It is possible to mitigate the transmission of impact directly to the case. Moreover, even if moisture enters the gap, it does not accumulate.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, the transmission of the present invention includes a fluid pressure pump and a fluid pressure motor, and is housed in a common case 1.

  Case 1 contains fluid, for example oil. The case 1 penetrates the rotating cylinder 4 in a liquid-tight manner in a rotatable manner. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotary cylinder 4 of the embodiment has a joint pin coupling hole 5 formed at one end, and a connection portion 6 such as an involute spline formed at a substantially central portion. The rotating cylinder 4 is passed through the through hole of the case 1 and both ends thereof are supported by the case 1 via bearings 7, and a seal 8 is closely attached to the outside of the bearings 7 so that oil does not leak. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, bearings 9 are interposed in the large diameter portions 4 a (FIG. 7) at both ends on the inner peripheral side of the rotating cylinder 4. An output shaft 10 is detachably attached to the rotating cylinder 4. That is, the output shaft 10 is inserted into the rotating cylinder 4 from one end and supported by the bearing 9. In this case, the respective diameters of the rotating cylinder 4 and the output shaft 10 are set so as to form a gap 70 between the rotating cylinder 4 and the output shaft 10, whereby the output shaft 10 is connected to the rotating cylinder 4 by 2. Point supported. The output shaft 10 passes through a joint hole 10a that is aligned with the hole 5 of the rotary cylinder 4, and the rotary pin 4 and the output shaft 10 are integrated with each other by passing a joint pin 11 through these holes. When the output shaft 10 is replaced, the joint pin 11 is removed.

  The fluid pressure pump uses a movable swash plate type axial piston pump 2 in which an input shaft 12 protrudes from the case 1 so as to be rotatable. The input shaft 12 is brought into close contact with a sealing material 90 such as an oil seal, and one end projects out of the case, and is connected to, for example, an electric motor. The movable swash plate 17 has one end 24a of the shaft 24 projecting out of the case 1 as shown in FIG. 2, and the tilt of the movable swash plate 17 is changed by operating the shaft 24 from the outside. The piston 18 of the cylinder 13 is slidably contacted with the movable swash plate 17 by a spring 19. The cylinder 13 passes through one of the pair of long grooves 20 and 21 and the communication holes 30 and 31 of the valve plate 25 through the fluid inlet / outlet port 13 a. Are connected to oil passages 22 and 23 formed in the wall 1a. The movable swash plate 17 shown in FIG. 1 is a case where the output shaft is normally rotated. When the electric motor rotates in one direction, the oil passage 22 becomes an outflow passage and the oil passage 23 becomes an inflow passage. On the other hand, the case of FIG. 9 where the movable swash plate 17 is reversed is the case of reverse rotation of the output shaft, and the fluid flow is opposite to that described above. When the movable swash plate 14 is as shown in FIG.

  Next, the fluid pressure motor is a rotation driving means that is provided in the case 1 and that rotationally drives the rotating cylinder 4 by pumping fluid by a fluid pressure pump. The rotation driving means penetrates the rotating cylinder 4. A fixed swash plate 46 and a plurality of (for example, seven) cylinders 35 mounted around the rotating cylinder 4, and the tip of the piston 37 of the cylinder 35 is in sliding contact with the fixed swash plate 46 by a spring 38. Is a swash plate type axial piston cylinder device 3 that rotates the rotating cylinder 4 by being pumped to the cylinder 35. The entrance / exit 35 a of each cylinder 35 communicates with the oil passages 22 and 23 through one of the communication holes 43 and 44 and the pair of long grooves 41 and 42 of the valve plate 40. When the output shaft 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is rotated forward, the piston 37 of half of the cylinders 35 communicating with the long groove 41 protrudes from the oil passage 22 serving as the outflow passage through the communication hole 43 and the long groove 41. The cylinder 35 rotates to the left along the fixed swash plate 36. The piston 37 of the other cylinder 35 communicating with the long groove 42 moves backward along the fixed swash plate 36. By these operations, the rotating cylinder 4 continues to rotate counterclockwise, and the output shaft 10 inserted in the rotating cylinder 4 rotates in the same direction. 9 to 11 show the case where the output shaft 10 rotates in the reverse direction, and the output shaft 10 rotates in the reverse direction. FIG. 12 shows the neutral state, and the output shaft 10 does not rotate.

  Next, a valve hole 51 is formed in the middle of the oil passages 22 and 23 so as to intersect the communication holes 48 and 49 opened from the oil passages 22 and 23 into the case 1, and one end of the valve hole 51 is connected to the case. 1 is open on the outer surface. A valve case 54 is attached to the opening end of the valve hole 51, and a rod-shaped switching valve 50 (spool) is movably penetrated through the valve case 54, and a tip end portion is inserted into the valve hole 51. Thus, the communication holes 48 and 49 are blocked, and the rear end portion 50a is projected outside the case 1 as a knob. 55 and 56 are liquid-tight members such as O-rings, 57 is a dust seal, and 58 is a retaining ring. The distal end portion of the switching valve 50 forms small diameter portions 52 and 53 that open the communication hole 48 corresponding to the communication hole 48, and the communication holes 48 and 49 are opened or closed by moving the switching valve 50. FIG. 16A shows a state in which the rear end portion 50a of the switching valve 50 is pulled out from the case 1 by a predetermined length, and the small diameter portions 52 and 53 are positioned in the communication holes 48 and 49. The case 1 is open. FIG. 16B shows a state in which the switching valve 50 is pushed in, and the communication holes 48 and 49 are blocked by the switching valve 50, so that the oil passages 22 and 23 are closed from inside the case 1. Therefore, even when the pump 2 is in operation by opening the switching valve 50, the oil is released into the case 1 so that it does not flow into the cylinder device 3 and the cylinder 35 does not operate. When the pump 2 is in the neutral state, the switching valve 50 is opened to the state shown in FIG. 16A even when oil is flowing through the oil passages 22 and 23 because the movable swash plate 17 is slightly inclined. As a result, the cylinder 35 does not operate. Further, in the state of FIG. 16A, even if the output shaft 10 is manually rotated forward and backward, oil flows through the case 1 through the communication holes 48 and 49, so that the hydraulic pressure constituted by the cylinder device 3 and the pump 2 is achieved. No compression or suction force is applied to the circuit.

  Reference numeral 60 denotes a check valve having a check valve function. The check valve 60 opens and closes communication between a pair of holes 61 communicating with the long grooves 41 and 42 and a hole 62 opened in the case 1. The check valve 60 includes a ball 63 using a steel ball that closes toward the hole 62 and a spring 64 that presses the ball 63 against the valve seat. 65 is a filter provided in the hole 62, 66 is a retaining ring, 85 is a spring support, and 88 is a stopper. Therefore, when the hydraulic pressure in the case 1 is larger than in the long groove 41 or 42 that communicates with the cylinder 35, the check valve 60 is opened and oil flows into the cylinder 35.

  According to this embodiment, the output shaft 10 of the HST or the hydraulic motor has the rotating cylinder 4 with a cylinder block coupling tooth such as an involute spline, for example, a sleeve, and 2 at both ends of the inner diameter of the sleeve. A point-supporting bearing 9 is provided, and an oil seal 8 is provided between the outside and the case 1. Further, an output shaft 10 having, for example, a tire or a sprocket is inserted into a two-point supported bearing 9 and fixed with a joint pin 11 or the like at the end of the sleeve. Therefore, the shaft can be easily replaced by simply removing the joint pin 11 without leaking the oil to the outside, and can be easily replaced and repaired on site. The length and shape of the shaft can be changed according to the application. Further, even the output shaft 10 to which an impact force such as a vehicle shaft is applied has a gap 70 between the rotating cylinder and the output shaft and is supported at two points, so that the impact is not directly transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder block. Further, even if moisture enters the rotating cylinder 4, it does not accumulate.

In the case of normal rotation and reverse rotation, if the tilting inclination of the movable swash plate 17 can be made variable,
As the tilt angle is larger, the discharge force per one rotation is increased, so that the output rotation speed is increased.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, in the fluid pressure motor using this hydraulic pressure, in the first embodiment, there is no pump in the case 1, the oil passages 22 and 23 open to the outer surface of the case 1, and the tubes 72 and 73 are connected to these. It is connected to a shim pump (not shown). A drain port 74 returns oil to the case 1. The operation of this motor is the same as that of the first embodiment, and operates by the fluid pressure from the pump.

  FIG. 20 is an example in which the contact surfaces of the valve plates 25 and 40 with the members having the cylinders 13 and 35 are not curved surfaces as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 21 shows examples of various output shafts (shafts) 10. FIGS. 21A and 21C have wheels 77 attached to both ends of the shaft, but the lengths are different. FIG. 22 shows an example in which sprockets 78 are attached to both ends of the output shaft 10.

  In the present invention, the means for attaching the output shaft 10 to the rotating cylinder 4 is not limited to the joint pin, and other means can be used.

It is sectional drawing of 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part when FIG. 1 is viewed from the right side. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part when FIG. 1 is viewed from the left side. It is the principal part cross-sectional side view which reversed FIG. 1 up and down and right and left. FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 4. It is sectional drawing of a rotating cylinder. (A) is sectional drawing in the state without the rotating cylinder of a swash plate type axial piston cylinder, (b) is sectional drawing in the state without the axis | shaft of a movable swash plate type axial piston pump. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which a movable swash plate is reversely rotated in FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part when FIG. 9 is viewed from the right side. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part when FIG. 9 is viewed from the left side. It is sectional drawing of the neutral state in which the movable swash plate became a right angle to the axis | shaft in FIG. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of main parts when FIG. 12 is viewed from the right side. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part when FIG. 12 is viewed from the left side. It is sectional drawing of the state which pulled out the output shaft in FIG. The switching valve is shown, (a) is a sectional view in a neutral state, (b) is a sectional view in an output shaft rotating state. It is sectional drawing of the state which pulled out the output shaft of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic sectional drawing. It is a left view of FIG. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a swash plate type axial piston cylinder with a flat plate of the valve plate, and (b) has no shaft of a movable swash plate type axial piston pump with a flat plate of the plate. It is sectional drawing of a state. The other embodiment of an output shaft is shown, (a), (c) is a front view of another embodiment, respectively, (b) is a side view which shows the wheel. (A) shows further another embodiment of an output shaft, (a) is the front view, and (b) is the side view showing the wheel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 2 Movable swash plate type axial piston pump 3 Swash plate type axial piston cylinder apparatus 4 Rotating cylinder 9 Bearing 10 Output shaft 12 Input shaft 13 Cylinder 17 Movable swash plate 18 Piston 35 Cylinder 36 Fixed swash plate 37 Piston 70 Gap

Claims (5)

  A case capable of storing a fluid, a rotating cylinder that penetrates the case in a rotatable manner, and a rotation driving means provided in the case for pumping the fluid by a pump to rotationally drive the rotating cylinder; A fluid pressure motor comprising: an output shaft inserted into the rotating cylinder.   The rotation driving means includes a fixed swash plate penetrating the rotary cylinder and a plurality of cylinders attached around the rotary cylinder, and a tip of the piston of the cylinder slides on the fixed swash plate. The fluid pressure motor according to claim 1, wherein the fluid pressure motor is a swash plate type axial piston cylinder device that rotates the rotating cylinder when the fluid is pumped to the cylinder.   The fluid pressure motor according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between the rotating cylinder and the output shaft, and the output shaft is supported by the rotating cylinder at two points.   A case that can store fluid, a movable swash plate type axial piston pump in which an input shaft protrudes in close contact with the case, and a rotating cylindrical body that is in close contact with and penetrates the case and rotate in the case. A swash plate type axial piston cylinder device which has a plurality of cylinders provided around a cylinder and inputs the pressure fluid from the pump to the cylinder to rotate the rotary cylinder, and is attached to the rotary cylinder With a controlled output shaft.   The transmission according to claim 4, wherein a gap is provided between the rotating cylinder and the output shaft, and the output shaft is supported at two points on the rotating cylinder.

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