JP2005146623A - Reinforced earth wall structure and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reinforced earth wall structure which is stabilized by virtue of great pull-out resistance of a flexible net-like reinforcing material, buried as a fill reinforcing material. <P>SOLUTION: Fill is scattered out at each constant layer thickness, and the flexible net-like reinforcing materials 4 are buried as the fill reinforcing materials in a fill layer at each constant layer thickness in a multilayered manner. In the reinforcing material 4, a plurality of flexible metallic wire rods 4b and 4b are extended out in parallel in the extension direction of a retaining wall 2. The respective adjacent metallic wire rods 4b and 4b are formed in a hexagonal mesh shape by being twisted together at regular intervals so that a diameter of a mesh a can be reduced by a tensile force P acting on the metallic wire rods 4b and 4b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall, a retaining wall, a levee, a breakwater, and the like, and a construction method thereof.

  As a reinforced earth method, for example, as shown in FIG. 20, a concrete wall surface panel 30 is laminated in a plurality of layers, and a back-filled embankment (backfill soil) 31 mainly having a constant layer thickness is provided on the back side. After each rolling and sufficiently rolling, the embankment reinforcing material 32 is a net-like reinforcing material made of a polymer material at a certain layer thickness, for example, a synthetic resin geogrid, or a reinforcing steel grid formed by welding reinforcing bars. There is known a reinforced earth method in which expanded metal or the like is embedded and the tip side thereof is fixed to a wall panel 30 to construct a reinforced earth wall structure such as a retaining wall (see Patent Document I).

  In this type of reinforced earth method, the embankment itself does not have tensile strength. Therefore, a embankment reinforcing material 32 having tensile strength is embedded in the embankment 31, and the embankment 31 and the embankment reinforcing material 32 are caused by both frictional forces. The embankment that has been integrated and provided with tensile force is used as a soil structure.

That is, when a tensile force acts on the embankment reinforcement 32, the embankment reinforcement 32 is elongated from the principle, and the embedding force 31 is applied to the embankment 31, so that the embankment 31 can be stabilized.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-280661

  However, when a tensile force is applied to the embankment 31 using the embankment reinforcing material 32, the embankment reinforcing material is only possible when the embankment reinforcing material 32 extends in the lateral direction, and thus the embankment reinforcing material is used. The reinforced soil using a polymer material such as geogrid as 32 is fateful and has a drawback of large deformation.

  For this reason, it is not appropriate to use a polymer material such as geogrid as the embankment reinforcing material 32 for the earth structure or retaining wall where deformation is a problem.

  In addition, when a polymer material such as geogrid is used as the embankment reinforcing material 32, the polymer material is rich in deformability. However, there is a problem from the standpoint of embankment stability and aesthetics because the elongation is too large and the wall surface is greatly displaced by earth pressure.

  In particular, the geogrid is not only large in elongation of the material itself, but also has a net-like shape formed by adhering warps and wefts at each intersection or fixing them together, and also in the extension direction of the reinforced earth wall structure. Each mesh formed in a square mesh shape with warp yarns arranged in a substantially perpendicular direction and weft yarns in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the structure has little function of restraining soil particles, and its reinforcing effect is mainly The pulling resistance is small because it is due to the frictional force between the embankment and the geogrid.

  In addition, when using a geogrid of a type in which a large number of yarns are bonded to form a band, the band is crossed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the intersection is fixed with an adhesive to form a network, the vertical band The method is to embed in the embankment so that the body is perpendicular to the extending direction of the reinforced soil wall. In this case, if a tensile force is applied to the longitudinal strip, the lateral strip will intersect. This causes a problem that the film can be easily peeled off and the function as a network cannot be maintained.

  In addition, for example, a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing bars (reinforcing bars extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the reinforcing earth wall structure) and transverse reinforcing bars (extending in parallel with the extending direction of the reinforcing earth wall structure) In the case of using a reinforcing bar grid formed in a grid shape from the rebar), the longitudinal reinforcing bar and the transverse rebar are rigidly connected by welding at each intersection, so that when the pulling force is applied, resistance earth pressure is applied to the transverse rebar. Acts and generates a large bending moment.

  In order to withstand this bending stress, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the transverse rebar or reduce the interval between the longitudinal bars, so a large amount of rebar is required compared to the tensile strength corresponding to the required pulling force, In addition, there is a problem that stress concentration tends to occur at the intersection between the transverse rebar and the longitudinal rebar.

  In addition, even when expanded metal is used, the expanded metal is formed from an iron plate, and therefore has no flexibility, so that there is a problem that stress concentration occurs at the intersection and breaks easily.

  In this way, when reinforcing bar grit or expanded metal is used as embankment reinforcement, the tensile strength is high, but there is no deformation at the intersection of each mesh, and the material itself has high rigidity. It is determined by the frictional force, so the pull-out resistance is small, and in the case of a reinforced soil wall structure with large deformation such as embankment, it is difficult to obtain unity with the soil, so the tensile strength of rebar grit and expanded metal is sufficient for embankment It becomes difficult to grant.

  Furthermore, when the displacement increases due to rolling or earth pressure of the embankment, there is a problem that stress concentration is likely to occur in the reinforcing bar grit and expanded metal.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 lays out embankment for every fixed layer thickness, and embeds a flexible net-like reinforcing material in a plurality of layers as the embankment reinforcing material in each embankment. In the reinforced earth wall structure, the flexible net-like reinforcing material includes a plurality of flexible metal wires extending in parallel in the extending direction of the reinforced earth wall and a tension acting on the flexible metal wire. The flexible metal wire rods adjacent to each other are twisted together at regular intervals or entangled to form a mesh shape so that the mesh diameter is reduced.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, when the tensile force P is applied to the flexible net reinforcing material by sinking or moving the embankment, the flexibility of the flexible net reinforcing material is as described above. When the metal wire slides toward each other in the axial direction at each crossing portion and each mesh a is reduced in diameter, that is, each mesh a is slightly but narrowed so that the soil particles b in each mesh a are compacted. Since the wedge-shaped action of the soil particles b formed in the wedge shape and the wedge-like action of the soil particles b is generated in the opposite direction of the tensile force P (see FIG. 2), Elongation and deformation are suppressed from the beginning.

  In particular, the tensile force P is seamless because the flexible metal wire extends in parallel in the extending direction of the reinforced soil wall, and the metal wires adjacent to each other have a slight mobility, so the tensile stress Are distributed to the innumerable soil particles b compacted in a wedge shape within each mesh a, so that the flexible mesh reinforcing material is not partially broken due to stress concentration.

  Further, each mesh a is reduced in diameter by the tensile force P acting on the flexible mesh reinforcement, and meshed with the soil particles b in the mesh a, and the elongation and deformation of the flexible mesh reinforcement due to the tensile force P are suppressed. This suppresses the expansion and deformation of the flexible mesh reinforcement during and after rolling of the embankment, so that settlement, movement and displacement of wall materials can be suppressed. A stable reinforced earth wall structure can be constructed.

  Conventionally, when a geotextile made of synthetic resin, etc., is simply embedded horizontally in the embankment as an embankment reinforcement, the pullout resistance is obtained only by the frictional resistance with the embankment, but in the present invention, it is flexible. Since each mesh a of the mesh reinforcing material is reduced in diameter and meshed with the soil particles b in the mesh a, the shear resistance of the rolling embankment itself is added to the frictional resistance of the flexible mesh reinforcing material and the embankment, The pull-out resistance force F of the flexible net-like reinforcing material as the embankment reinforcing material is greatly increased.

  In addition, the flexible mesh reinforcing material extends a plurality of flexible metal wires in parallel in the extending direction of the wall surface, and twists the adjacent flexible metal wires together at regular intervals (see FIG. 2 (c)), or bent in the opposite direction in the shape of a "<", and entangled with each other (Fig. 3 (c)), etc. Although the mesh is slight at the intersection, it has mobility, so that the tensile force is equally differentiated, and it is integrated with the upper and lower embankment layers at the laying portion in the embankment in accordance with the settlement and compression of the embankment.

  With such a configuration, when a tensile force P is applied to the flexible reticulated reinforcing material, the flexible metal wire is bent in the horizontal reinforcing bar such as reinforcing bar grit, and bending fracture occurs, or It is difficult for stress concentration to occur at the intersection of rigid connections and breakage, and only the tensile force of the flexible metal wire can be used to effectively function for embankment reinforcement.

  Further, since each mesh a of the flexible mesh reinforcing material is movable, when a tensile force P acts on the flexible mesh reinforcing material, the soil particles b between them are tightened and constrained to be integrated. The shear strength of the soil itself is much greater than the frictional force between it and the flexible mesh reinforcement.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1, the flexible net-like reinforcing material is formed in a mesh shape of a tortoiseshell mesh or a rhombus mesh. Is.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 3 is the reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a wall material is laminated on a tip of the embankment, and an end portion of the flexible net-like reinforcing material is provided on the wall material. It is characterized by being fixed. As the wall material in this case, wall materials such as metal, concrete, wood, synthetic resin, and cloth can be used.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 4 is the reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 3, wherein the wall material is a concrete panel, a concrete block, a net-like frame material or box formed in a U-shaped or L-shaped cross section. It is the cage material formed in the shape. In this case, the cage material can be produced in a box shape that can be laminated from rebar grit or wire mesh, or can be easily formed into a box shape that can be laminated by bending the wire mesh in the field. .

  In the case of the inventions according to claims 3 and 4, in particular, the flexible reticulated reinforcing material has flexibility, so that it follows the displacement of the embankment and has a very good holding power of the embankment. Since the wire material is used, the reinforced earth wall structure is not deformed as much as the polymer material, and the entire wall body does not break even if a simple wall material is used.

  In addition, the flexible net-like reinforcing material may be directly fixed to the wall surface material, or may be sandwiched between the upper and lower wall surface materials, and further, a rod-shaped material or a reinforcing bar grid inserted into a groove formed in the wall surface material. You may fix through connecting materials, such as.

  Also, when laminating concrete panels and concrete blocks as wall materials, for example, joints between the wall materials of each step adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction become so-called “blurred joints” that do not continue in the vertical direction but alternately shift to the left and right. In this way, the wall material of each step is laminated, and accordingly, the protruding portion protruding from the upper end portion of the wall material of each step is connected to each cavity portion provided between the wall materials laminated on the upper side, respectively. By engaging, the upper and lower wall surface materials can be joined so as not to be laterally displaced by the so-called “interlocking method” where the protrusions and the cavity are engaged, and at the same time the end of the embankment reinforcement between the upper and lower wall surface materials Can be fixed by an “interlocking method”.

  In this way, the wall materials and the wall material and the embankment reinforcement are joined together by the interlocking method, and fixed so that each member is difficult to come off while allowing slight displacement against the backside earth pressure and ground load. Therefore, it is possible to provide a reinforced soil structure in which stress is less likely to be concentrated on the wall surface material and in the fixing portion of the embankment reinforcing material, and further, is not easily broken.

  The wall material used in the present invention is basically a height h of 20 to 60 cm, a width w of 30 to 100 cm, and a depth d in consideration of ease of handling during transport, workability, and the like. Concrete panels or concrete blocks having a weight of about 20 to 60 cm and a weight of about 20 to 150 kg can be used.

  Also, dry panels and dry blocks formed from concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as steel fibers and carbon fibers can be used.

  Furthermore, a reinforcing bar grit, a wire mesh, etc. can also be used as the wall material of the present invention. Especially when using rebar grit and wire mesh, by forming it in an L shape so that it can stand on its own from the wall part covering the wall surface of the embankment and the horizontal part projecting horizontally in the embankment from the lower end part of this wall part, When it is installed on the embankment surface layer, it has excellent stability, is easy to construct, can reinforce the embankment surface layer portion, and the embankment surface layer portion is difficult to displace.

  Moreover, you may form in U shape from the wall surface part which covers the surface layer part of embankment, and the horizontal part which protruded horizontally in embankment from the upper end part and lower end part of this wall surface part. Further, by installing a greening mat or a decorative block made of a concrete block, natural stone, synthetic resin block, or the like on the wall surface, greening or finishing of the embankment surface layer can be easily performed. Further, a basket-like one can also be used as the wall surface material.

  In addition, when the reinforcing bar grit or wire mesh as described above is used as a wall material, as a method of fixing the end of the flexible mesh reinforcement, the end of the flexible mesh reinforcement is directly bound to the wall material. Alternatively, it may be fixed by being wound inside the wall material, and further, an end portion of the flexible mesh reinforcement is laid between the upper and lower wall materials, and the wall material and the flexible mesh reinforcement are It may be fixed by friction.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, the distal end side of the flexible net-like reinforcing material is wound and fixed in the embankment. Is.

  The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 6 is the reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an end portion of a flexible net-like reinforcing material is wound and a sandbag is installed therein. It is what.

  In this case, the wall surface can be greened by using a soil pad filled with plant seeds, soil (humus), a water retention agent and a nutrient.

  The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 7 is a method in which a bank is stacked for each fixed layer thickness while laminating wall materials, and a plurality of flexible reticulated reinforcing members are provided for each fixed layer thickness in the bank. In the method of constructing a reinforced earth wall structure embedded in a layer, the embankment side of the flexible mesh reinforcement is rolled over and fixed by rolling and then the flexible mesh reinforcement The wall member side is fixed to a fixing member attached to the back of the wall member, and the flexible member is moved to the wall member side to tension the flexible net-like reinforcing member.

  The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 8 is the method for constructing a reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 7, wherein the embankment side of the flexible net-like reinforcing material is undulated and embedded in an uneven shape. It is a feature.

  The inventions according to claims 7 and 8 are particularly suitable even after the flexible net-like reinforcing material is laid by attaching the fixing member attached to the back of each wall material so that it can move to the wall material side. The tension required for the flexible reticulated reinforcement can be easily introduced.

  In this case, the fixing member can be attached by, for example, projecting a plurality of fixing arms horizontally on the back of the wall material, forming a through hole in the fixing member, and attaching the end of the fixing arm to the through hole. The fixing nut is screwed to the tip of the penetration. Then, the fixing member may be moved toward the wall surface by tightening the fixing nut toward the wall surface, so that the position thereof can be changed in the direction of the wall surface.

  With the fixing member attached in this way, after laying the flexible net-like reinforcing material, rolling out the embankment in the fixing area, pressing and fixing the embankment side of the flexible net-like reinforcing material, the wall surface material By fixing the side to the fixing member and tightening the fixing nut, it is possible to introduce the necessary tension to the flexible net-like reinforcing material and make it tension. Then, it is embanked on the slack area (between the fixing member and the fixing area) and rolled.

  As a result, excessive elongation caused by loosening of the flexible mesh reinforcement can be made difficult to occur. As a result, the tensile force due to the elongation of the flexible reticulated reinforcement generated by the embankment is effectively applied to the embankment.

  In the present invention, in particular, the flexible mesh reinforcing material extends a plurality of flexible metal wires in parallel in the continuous direction of the reinforcing earth wall, and the mesh is reduced in diameter by the tension acting on the flexible metal wire. Each flexible metal wire adjacent to each other is twisted together at regular intervals or entangled with each other to form a mesh, so that tensile force is applied to the flexible mesh reinforcement due to settlement or movement of the embankment. When P acts, each flexible metal wire of the flexible mesh reinforcing material slides in the axial direction of the metal wire at each intersection and each mesh a is reduced in diameter, that is, each mesh a is slightly However, by narrowing down, the soil particles b in each mesh a are compacted in a wedge shape, and the extension of the flexible mesh reinforcement due to the tensile force P is caused by the wedge action of the soil particles b compacted in the wedge shape. Strange There is inhibited from among initial.

  Moreover, since the tensile force P is evenly distributed to the innumerable soil particles b compacted in a wedge shape in each mesh a, the flexible mesh reinforcement does not partially break due to stress concentration.

  Furthermore, each mesh a is reduced in diameter by the tensile force P acting on the flexible mesh reinforcement and meshed with the soil particles in the mesh a, and the elongation and deformation of the flexible mesh reinforcement due to the tensile force P are suppressed. Since the pulling resistance force F is generated and the tensile strength is imparted to the flexible mesh reinforcement, the elongation and deformation of the flexible mesh reinforcement during and after rolling of the embankment are suppressed.

  4 (a), 4 (b), and 4 (c) show the principle of action of the unit reinforcing body V and the pull-out resistance force Fi in each mesh of the flexible net-like reinforcing material in the present invention.

  In the figure, the pull-out resistance force Fi of the unit reinforcement V acts on the frictional resistance force against the embankment of the flexible metal wire n and the unit bearing pressure portion m formed in a wedge shape on the front surface of the flexible metal wire n. This is the sum of the pullout resistance force Fp due to the passive earth pressure.

  Further, the pull-out resistance force Fi is the sum of the frictional resistance force Fa with the embankment acting above and below the unit bearing portion and the bearing resistance force Fb on the front surface of the unit bearing portion. Symbols W and A respectively indicate the width of each mesh and the diameter of the flexible mesh reinforcing material n.

  In this case, since the flexible metal wire n extends in parallel with the extending direction of the reinforced soil wall and is continuous so that there is no seam in the lateral direction with respect to the tensile force P, the tensile force P is flexible. A large pulling resistance force Fi is obtained by forming a strong pressure-bearing portion that is evenly distributed over the metal wire n.

  In addition, the intersections of the flexible metal wires n and n adjacent in parallel are not rigidly fixed, but the flexible metal wires n and n are simply twisted or intertwined with each other. Since it has mobility, it does not cause a large bending stress like a metal grid.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the settlement, movement, displacement of the wall material, and the like of the embankment can be suppressed, and a very stable reinforced earth wall structure can be constructed.

  1 to 3 show an example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, or the like. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is laminated in multiple stages to construct a retaining wall 2. A concrete wall panel (hereinafter referred to as “wall panel”) 3 is an embankment layer formed by spreading embankment such as earth and sand on the back of the retaining wall 2.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a flexible net reinforcing material embedded in a plurality of layers as embankment reinforcement in the embankment layer 3 in order to increase the stability and strength of the embankment layer 3 and to fix each wall panel 1.

  The wall surface panel 1 is formed in a rectangular plate shape from reinforced concrete or fiber reinforced concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as steel fibers and carbon fibers. Further, fixing metal fittings 5 and 5 for fixing the end 4a on the wall surface side of the flexible mesh reinforcing material 4 are provided on the back surface of each wall panel 1 so as to protrude in two upper and lower stages. The fixing bracket 5 is made of a strip steel, a grooved steel, an angle steel, or the like.

  The flexible net-like reinforcing material 4 is formed by extending a plurality of flexible metal wires 4b and 4b in parallel along the retaining wall 2 and entangles adjacent flexible metal wires 4b and 4b at predetermined intervals. In addition, each mesh a is formed in a planar shape or a band shape from a tortuous wire mesh (see FIG. 2) or a diamond mesh wire (see FIG. 3) in which the meshes a are formed in a tortuous shape (hexagonal shape).

  Further, the flexible net-like reinforcing material 4 is embedded in a plurality of layers in the embankment layer 3 by extending each flexible metal wire 4b, 4b along the lateral direction of the retaining wall surface 2 (each wall surface panel 1). Yes.

  A fixing bar 6 made of channel steel or the like is attached to the end 4a on the wall surface side of each flexible mesh reinforcing member 4 buried in this way by welding or winding, and a plurality of fixing bars 6 are attached to the fixing bracket 5. The fixing bolts 7 are bolted to each other, and the end portions 4a on the wall surface side of the flexible mesh reinforcements 4 are fixed to the back surface portion of the wall surface panel 1, respectively.

  The method for fixing the end 4a of the flexible mesh reinforcing material 4 to the wall panel 1 is not particularly limited. As another fixing method, the flexible mesh reinforcement between the upper and lower wall panels 1 and 1 is used. A method of simply sandwiching the end 4a of the material 4 may be used.

  5A to 5C show other examples of the reinforced earth wall structure. In the figure, the fixing bar 6 is disposed on the back side of each wall panel 1 in the out-of-plane direction of the wall panel 1 (the reinforced earth wall structure). It is attached so that it can move in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the object, and the end 4a of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is fixed to the fixing bar 6.

  In this case, a plurality of anchor fittings 1a, 1a are projected from the rear surface of the wall panel 1 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, and one end side of the fixing arms 1b, 1b is respectively attached to the anchor fittings 1a, 1a. The fixing bolts 1c and 1c are provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

  On the other hand, through holes (not shown) are formed at both ends of the fixing bar 6, and the other ends of the fixing arms 1b and 1b are passed through the through holes, respectively, and fixing nuts 1d and 1d are screwed at the leading ends. Are combined. Then, by fixing the fixing nuts 1d, 1d to the wall panel 1 side, the fixing bar 6 can be moved to the wall panel 1 side, and the position can be moved to the wall panel 1 side.

  In such a construction, when constructing, the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is laid and the embankment is spread out in the fixing area A of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4, and the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is fixed by rolling. After fixing the area A side, the end 4a is wound around the fixing bar 6 and fixed.

  Then, the fixing nuts 1d and 1d are tightened to the wall panel 1 side and the fixing bar 6 is moved to the wall panel 1 side, whereby necessary tension is introduced to the flexible mesh reinforcing material 4 to be tensioned. Further, the flexible net-like reinforcing material 4 is embanked on a loosened area B (between the fixing bar 6 and the fixing area) B and is pressed.

  Note that the other end of the flexible reticulated reinforcing material 4 may be folded back at the fixing region A, embanked thereon, and rolled and fixed. Thereby, it is possible to make it difficult for excessive elongation caused by the looseness of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 to occur. As a result, the tensile force due to the elongation of the flexible reticulated reinforcement 4 generated by the upper embankment is effectively applied to the embankment.

  6 (a) and 6 (b) show another example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. In particular, the retaining wall 2 has a plurality of wall surfaces blocks 8 made of concrete. It is formed by laminating.

  The wall surface block 8 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape so as to have a self-supporting property from reinforced concrete or fiber reinforced concrete mixed with reinforcing fibers such as steel fibers and carbon fibers in the same manner as the wall surface panel.

  Further, a fixing groove 8a is formed at the upper end portion, and a fixing bar 6 attached to an end portion 4a of each flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is inserted into the fixing groove 8a, so that each flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is fixed. The end 4a is fixed between the upper and lower wall panels 8, 8. In this case, the fixing bar 6 is continuously inserted between the fixing grooves 8a and 8a of the plurality of wall surface panels 8 and 8 adjacent in the lateral direction.

  7 to 11 show another example of a reinforced earth wall structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. Reference numeral 9 is laminated in a plurality of stages to constitute the retaining wall 2. It is a wall block.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 7C, the wall surface block 9 has a front flange 9a, a rear flange 9b, and a web 9c, and has a substantially plane H shape (or one shape) that can be extremely stable even if it remains as it is. It is integrally formed.

  Further, fixing grooves 9d are formed at the upper end portions of the front flange 9a or the rear flange 9b, or the front flange 9a and the rear flange 9b, respectively. The fixing grooves 9d are respectively formed continuously in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 9a and the back flange 9b.

  FIG. 11 shows another example of a reinforced earth wall structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site. In particular, reference numeral 9 has a surface flange 9a and a web 9c, respectively, which are extremely stable even if they are left as they are. It is integrally formed in a substantially T-shaped plane that can stand by itself. Further, a fixing groove 9d is formed continuously at the upper end of the surface flange 9a in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 9a.

  In any reinforced earth wall structure, the end 4a of the flexible net-like reinforcing member 4 is fixed by inserting the fixing bar 6 attached to the end 4a into the fixing groove 9d.

  FIG. 8B shows an example in which the end 4a of the flexible reticulated reinforcing member 4, that is, the flexible metal wire 4b is directly inserted into the fixing groove 9d and fixed to the wall block 9. 9 (b) shows an example in which the end 4a of the flexible reticulated reinforcement 4 is fixed to the wall block 9 via a fixing fitting 10 made of a reinforcing bar grid or the like.

  12 (a) to 12 (h) show modifications of the wall surface block. For example, in the case of the wall surface block shown in FIGS. 12 (a), 12 (b), (e), (f), and (g), reference numeral 9e. And 9f are a key and a key hole for integrating the stacked upper and lower wall surface blocks, and a solid wall surface can be constructed by engaging the engagement key 9e with the key hole 9f.

  In the example of FIGS. 12C and 12H, when the wall surface blocks are stacked, the protrusion 9g is engaged between the front surface flange and the rear surface flange of the wall surface block located on the upper side, thereby the engagement key 9e. The reference numeral 9h is a soil filling hole formed at the upper end of the surface flange 9a, and the wall surface is greened by planting the soil filling hole 9h. Can do.

  12 (c) and 12 (d) show wall blocks formed so that stacked upper and lower wall blocks can be integrally connected vertically or vertically and horizontally, and FIG. 12 (c). In the case of this example, a connecting groove 9i is formed at the upper end of the surface flange 9a, and the fixing bar 6 is inserted across the plurality of wall surface blocks 9, 9 in the connecting groove 9i so as to be adjacent in the lateral direction. A plurality of wall surface blocks 9 can be connected.

  In the example of FIG. 12C, if the fixing bar 6 is inserted into the connecting groove 9i and then the connecting groove 9i is filled with a solidified material such as early-strength cement, the wall blocks 9 are integrated. The wall surface connected to can be formed.

  Further, in the case of the example of FIG. 12 (d), a fitting projection 9j and a fitting groove 9k that are fitted to each other are formed on the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the surface flange 9a of each wall block 9, and this engaging projection 9j. By engaging the engaging grooves 9k with each other, it is possible to form a wall surface in which the stacked wall surface blocks 9 are connected vertically and horizontally.

  The wall blocks formed in this way are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction and are stacked in a plurality of stages. Moreover, it is laminated | stacked on step shape by making it reverse | retreat to each step or every several steps as needed.

  Also, in this case, a hollow portion composed of both the surface flange, the back flange and the web is formed between the wall blocks 9, 9 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction of each step, and each hollow portion is filled with crushed stone, gravel, or embankment. By doing so, the left and right and upper and lower wall surface blocks 9, 9 are integrated.

  FIGS. 13A and 13B show other examples of the reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site, and FIG. 13A shows a plurality of wall surface blocks 8. Fig. 13 (b) shows an example of a retaining wall whose wall surface is formed in a staircase shape by retreating in a stepped manner, and FIG. The example of the retaining wall formed by laminating and laminating is shown.

  In this case, as shown in the drawing, it is also possible to provide a hollow portion 8b at the upper end of each protruding wall block 8, and fill the hollow portion 8b with planting soil for planting.

  FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b) show examples in which the flexible reticulated reinforcing material 4 is undulated and undulated at predetermined intervals. The flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is undulated and embedded at predetermined intervals so that the tensile resistance of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is increased, or the flexible mesh reinforcement is applied during rolling of the embankment. The tension necessary for the material 4 can be introduced, and the elongation of the flexible mesh reinforcing material 4 after the rolling can be minimized.

  FIGS. 15A and 15B show another example of a reinforced earth wall structure similarly constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or a site, both of which are constructed without using wall panels or wall blocks. In particular, in the example of FIG. 15 (a), the end 4a on the wall surface side of each flexible mesh-shaped reinforcing member 4 whose mesh is formed in a tortoiseshell shape or a rhombus is placed on the upper side together with the embankment 3a of the embankment surface layer of a certain length. The wall surface is formed by being wound around.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 15 (b), the wall surface is formed by winding the end 4a on the wall surface side of each flexible net-like reinforcing member 4 upward by a certain length and winding the sandbag 11 therein. Yes. In this case, greening of the embankment surface layer portion can be achieved by filling the sandbag 11 with vegetation soil. For the sandbag 11, it is preferable to use a sandbag filled with plant seeds, soil (humus), water retention agent and nutrient.

  FIGS. 16 to 19 show examples in which a reinforcing bar grit or a cage material is used as the wall surface material. 16-18, the wall surface material 12 is made into the substantially L-shape which can be self-supported from the wall surface part 12a extended along the wall surface of the embankment layer 3, and the horizontal part 12b projected horizontally at the lower end part of the wall surface part 12a. The diagonal member 12c is attached as a reinforcing material between the wall surface portion 12a and the horizontal portion 12b.

  In particular, in the example of FIG. 18, a connecting ring 12d is formed at the upper end of each vertical reinforcing bar of the wall surface portion 12a. Further, in the example of FIG. 18, a vegetation mat, concrete block, natural stone is formed on the wall surface portion 12a. Or the makeup | decoration block 14 which consists of synthetic resin blocks etc. is attached.

  The wall material 12 thus formed is laminated on the surface layer portion of the embankment layer 3 and connected to each other. In particular, in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, the connecting ring 12d of each wall surface material 12 is passed through the mesh of the horizontal portion 12b of the wall surface material 12 positioned on the upper side, and the connecting rod 13 is inserted through the connecting ring 12d. The upper and lower wall materials 12 are connected to each other.

  In the example of FIGS. 19A to 19C, the wall surface member 17 is provided to project horizontally from the wall surface portion 17 a extending along the wall surface of the embankment layer 3 and the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the wall surface portion 17 a. The diagonal member 17c is attached between the wall surface portion 17a and the horizontal portion 17b on the lower end side. The wall material 17 formed in this way is laminated on the surface layer portion of the embankment 3 and connected to each other.

  In particular, in the example of FIG. 19D, a car material 15 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape is laminated as a wall surface material. In this case, the car material 15 is manufactured from a factory such as rebar grit or wire mesh, or can be easily formed by bending a wire mesh locally, and the embankment 3 is filled in each car material 15. ing.

  In any of the above-described examples, the end 4a of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is wound around the horizontal rebar of the horizontal portion of each wall material, or is passed through the mesh of the horizontal portion and the rebar is wrapped around the tip. It is fixed by wrapping inside the wall material.

  For example, in the example of FIG. 16 (a), the end 4a of the flexible mesh reinforcement 4 is fixed by being wound around a horizontal reinforcing bar at the end of the horizontal portion 12b of the wall surface material 12, and the example of FIG. 16 (b). , The end 4a of the flexible mesh reinforcing material 4 is wound and fixed inside the wall surface material 12.

  In addition, a sheet for preventing sediment loss and a greening sheet 16 are installed inside the wall surface materials 12 and 17 as necessary.

  The invention of the present application is a very stable reinforcement in which a flexible mesh reinforcement embedded in the embankment as a embankment reinforcement has integration with the embankment following the displacement of the embankment and has a very large pulling resistance. An earthen wall structure can be provided.

An example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like is shown, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof, (b) is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and a flexible net-like reinforcing material. is there. (A) is a partial plan view showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (b) is a partial plan view of a flexible reticulated reinforcement, and (c) is flexible. It is a partial top view which shows the force which acts on the mesh | network of a property net-like reinforcing material. (A) is a partial plan view showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (b) is a partial plan view of a flexible reticulated reinforcement, and (c) is flexible. It is a partial top view which shows the force which acts on the mesh | network of a property net-like reinforcing material. (A), (b), (c) is explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the drawing-out resistance of the unit reinforcement body of the mesh unit reinforcement material of a flexible net-like reinforcement material. An example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, etc. is shown, (a) is a partial plan view thereof, (b) is a partial longitudinal sectional view thereof, and (c) is a wall panel. It is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the fixing | fixed part (connection part) of a flexible net-like reinforcing material. An example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like is shown, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof, (b) is a partial perspective view of a wall panel and a flexible net-like reinforcing material. is there. An example of a reinforced earth wall structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like is shown, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof, (b) is a partial plan view thereof, (c) is a wall block and a flexible wall. It is a partial perspective view of a conductive net reinforcement. (A), (b) is a partial top view which shows an example of a wall surface block and a flexible net-like reinforcing material. (A), (b) is a partial perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface block and a flexible net-like reinforcing material. It is a partial top view which shows an example of a wall surface block and a flexible net reinforcement. It is a partial perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface block and a flexible net-like reinforcing material. (A)-(h) is a perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface block. (A), (b) is a partial cross section figure of a reinforced earth structure. (A), (b) is a partial cross section figure of a reinforced earth structure. (A), (b) is a partial cross section figure which shows an example of the reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road etc. (A), (b) is a partial cross section figure which shows an example of the reinforced earth structure constructed | assembled as the retaining wall facing a road etc., (c) is a perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface material. (A) is a partial cross section figure which shows an example of the reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road etc., (b) is a perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface material. (A) is a partial cross section figure which shows an example of the reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road etc., (b) is a perspective view which shows an example of a wall surface material. (A), (b) is a partial sectional view showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (c) is a perspective view showing an example of a wall material, and (d) is It is a partial perspective view which shows an example of the reinforced earth structure by which the cage | basket material was laminated | stacked as a wall surface material. It is a partial sectional view showing a conventional example of a reinforced earth structure.

Explanation of symbols

1 Wall panel (wall material)
2 Retaining wall 3 Embankment layer 4 Flexible reticulated reinforcement (embankment reinforcement)
5 Fixing bracket 6 Fixing bar (fixing member)
7 Fixing bolt 8 Wall block (wall material)
9 Wall block (wall material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fixing bar 11 Doug 12 Wall material 13 Connecting bar 14 Cosmetic block 15 Cage material (wall material)
16 Sheets and greening sheets for preventing sediment loss 17 Wall materials

Claims (8)

  In the reinforced earth wall structure in which the embankment is spread out for every fixed layer thickness, and the flexible reticulated wall reinforcing material is embedded in a plurality of layers within the embankment layer, the flexible reticulated reinforcing material A plurality of flexible metal wires extend in parallel in the extending direction of the reinforced earth wall, and adjacent flexible metal wires are twisted together at regular intervals or entangled to form a network A reinforced earth wall structure characterized by being made.   2. The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the flexible mesh reinforcing material is formed in a mesh shape of a tortoiseshell mesh or a diamond mesh.   3. A reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a wall material is laminated on the tip of the embankment, and the end of the flexible mesh reinforcement is fixed to the wall material.   4. The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 3, wherein the wall material is a concrete panel, a concrete block, a mesh frame material formed in a U-shaped or L-shaped cross section, or a cage material formed in a box shape. .   3. The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flexible mesh reinforcement is wound and fixed in the embankment.   The reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an end of the flexible net-like reinforcing material is wound and a sandbag is installed therein.   In a construction method for a reinforced earth wall structure in which a wall is laminated with a constant thickness, and a flexible net-like reinforcing material is embedded in a plurality of layers in the bank. The embedding side of the flexible mesh reinforcing material is rolled out and fixed while rolling, and then the wall material side of the flexible mesh reinforcing material is fixed to the back of the wall material A method for constructing a reinforced earth wall structure, comprising fixing to a member, moving the fixing member toward a wall surface material side, and tensioning the flexible net reinforcing material.   8. The method for constructing a reinforced earth wall structure according to claim 7, wherein the embedding side of the flexible net-like reinforcing material is undulated and embedded.

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